2024屆河南省鄧州市部分學(xué)校高三下學(xué)期一?？荚囉⒄Z試題

按秘密級事項(xiàng)管理★啟用前2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語模擬測試本試卷共150分考試時(shí)間120分鐘注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A．Havesomeapplepie. B．Cooksomefood. C．Visitahouse.2．What’swrongwiththeman’stooth?A．Itneedstobereplaced. B．Thereisaholeinit. C．Itisbleeding.3．Whataspectofthenewapartmenttroublesthewoman?A．Herroommate. B．Itslocation. C．Itsdecoration.4．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A．Raisehishead. B．Bendhishead. C．Turnhishead.5．WhattimedoestheswimmingpoolopenonTuesday?A．At10:30． B．At10:00． C．At9:30.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Abusinessidea. B．Asalespromotion. C．Afitnessplan.7．Howdoesthemanlikethewoman’ssuggestion?A．Interesting. B．Annoying. C．Debatable.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whydoesthewomanvisittheman?A．Forcalminghim. B．Forhealthissues. C．Forfun.9．Howdoesthewomanfeelatlast?A．Stressed. B．Concerned. C．Relieved.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whattypeofdestinationisthegirlinterestedin?A．Historicalplaces. B．Themeparks. C．Beaches.11．Whichcitydoesthemanrecommend?A．Paris. B．Rome. C．London.12．Whatlanguagedoesthegirlspeak?A．Italian. B．English. C．French.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Whatisthereasonforthewoman’scall?A．Theskirthasatear. B．Theskirtistoosmall. C．Theskirthasfaded.14．Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheskirt?A．Shelostitsreceipt.B．Shemadeacomplaintaboutit.C．Shefollowedtheinstructionstowashit.15．Whatresolutiondoesthewomanprefer?A．Arefund. B．Arepairservice. C．Areplacement.16．Howwillthewomanreturntheskirt?A．Bymail. B．Byvisitingthestore. C．Byaskingthemantotakeit.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．WhatwasthebeardoingwhenCherrywasfoundbytherescueteam?A．Hewassleeping. B．Hewashangingaround. C．Hewassearchingforfood.18．HowdidthebearreacttoCherry’spresence?A．Angry. B．Delighted. C．Indifferent.20．Whywasacameraused?A．Toexplorethecave.B．Toensurethedog’ssafety.C．Tokeepawatchonthebear.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearesomefreeonlineclassesthatprovideyouwiththeopportunitytomakeuseofresourcesfromsomeoftheworld’sbestuniversities.EnvironmentalScienceLabInthiscourse,you’lllearninterestingnewwaystotestconceptsinenvironmentalsciencesuchaspollution,airquality,wastemanagementandsustainabilityusinghouseholditemsinyour“homelaboratory”.Thecoursefeaturestenlabsyoucanperformathomeaswellassupplementaryreadingmaterialsfromthewebthatwillexplaintheconceptsyouaretesting.WorkshopsinEnd-of-LifeTrainingInthisonlinecourse,youwillexplorehowtopreparepeopleforthedeathofarelative,howtoeasepatientpainandhowtoidentifypainsourcesinfamilymembersandsupportstaffthroughtherole-playingdemonstrations.Forthiscourse,youshouldhavehealthcareexperience.ChineseI（Regular）ThiscourseisthefirstoftwothatformanintroductiontomodernstandardChinese,commonlycalledMandarin.Itallowsundergraduateandgraduatestudentstodevelop:basicconversationalabilities（pronunciation,fundamentalgrammaticalpatterns,commonvocabulary,andstandardusage）;basicreadingandwritingskillsinboththetraditionalcharactersetandthesimplified;andanunderstandingofthelanguagelearningprocesssothatstudentscancontinuestudyingeffectivelyontheirown.LawandSocietyThiscourseexploresthetopicsthatincludeunderstandingsocialsystems,legalreasoning,andhowsocialchangeimpactslegalforms.Youwilldevelopapointofviewonhowlawcanbecomeapracticalresource,amechanismforhandlingawiderangeofsocialissuesandconflicts.Thisundergraduatelevelcoursedoesnotrequireanyprerequisites.21．WhatdoesEnvironmentalScienceLabhighlight?A．Freeformsandbooks. B．Newandcreativeconcepts.C．Hands-onexperimentsathome. D．Homemadeexperimentaltools.22．WhatcanstudentslearnfromChineseI（Regular）?A．Reasoningskills. B．SomeChinesedialects.C．DifferentChinesewritingskills. D．DifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglish.23．Whatcolumnofawebsiteisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Education. B．Science. C．Culture. D．Entertainment.BTextmessageacronyms（縮略詞）causedplentyofconfusionfortheoldergenerationswhenmobilephonesbecamecommonplace—nowemojisaremakingtheembarrassmentbecomemoreserious.Slack,aworkplacemessagingservice,surveyed9,400officeworkersworldwideincluding1,000intheUK.Itfoundthebiggestemojisociallyembarrassingactionormistakeatworkwaspicturesoflips.Mostolderworkersdidnotrealizethedoublemeaningofthepeachemoji,whichforyoungerusersmeanships.OliviaGrace,adirectoratSlack,said,“Thefindingsofourresearchareveryclear—becarefulwhencommunicatingwithemojisacrossgenerations.Emojisofferagreatwaytocommunicateemotion,whetherit’sajoke,supportorsomethingelse,butit’sgoodtobeawarethatdifferentmeaningsmayexisttoavoidanyawkwardinterpretations.”Thesimplesmilingfacewasalsoasourceofmisunderstanding—60percentofover-40susedittoshowhappinessorpleasurebutasignificantnumberofyoungerworkersusedittoconvey“deepanger”.Animageofsomeonepaintingtheirnailswasthemostconfusing—itmeantnothingtotheoldergeneration,whiletheunder-25ssaidtheyusedittosay“thereisgossip”,andthe25-to40-year-oldsusedittocommunicatemakingthemselvesmorebeautiful.However,allagesagreedonthemeaningofsomeemojis,suchasafacewithtearsoflaughterandacryingemoji.Speakingaboutitsreasonsforconductingthesurvey,Slacksaid,“Aretherecertainemojisthatshouldrestrictyourbossfromusingthem?Haveyourinternationalcolleaguesevermisunderstoodanemoji?Anddoyouusuallywaittobuildarelationshipbeforesendingemojisatwork?”Itaddedthatwiththousandsofemojisatusers’treatment,“there’salotofpotential”tocommunicatebymistake.Emojisarenottechnicallyaformoflanguage,astheylackgrammar.Theoriginaluserofaparticularemojihasnocopyrightonhowitistobeunderstood.Thesignificanceofemojisbelongstothosewhousethem,andtheyhaveatrulyvaluableroleinwrittencommunication.24．WhatdidSlackfindaboutemojis?A．Acronymscausemoreconfusionthanthem. B．Peopleunderstandsomeofthemdifferently.C．It’spopularforofficeworkerstousethem. D．Theycanavoidmanyawkwardsituations.25．Howisthethirdparagraphdeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauses. B．Byraisingquestions.C．Byfollowingtimeorder. D．Bymakingcomparisons.26．WhydidSlackconductthesurvey?A．Tohelppeopleuseemojisproperly. B．Tofindoriginalemojis.C．Toprovetheconvenienceofemojis. D．Toexplainsomespecialemojis.27．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsusingemojis?A．Unclear. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.CNaturehasthepowertoalteranelement’sidentitywithtimeandspace.ThisisevidentbythetransformativeeffectBritain’sdeepcoalmineshavebeenshowingafterdecadesofbeingoneofthebiggestreasonsforpollution.Now,they’rebeingemployedtosupplygreenenergytothetownofGateshead.Thetownisthefirstplacetoexperiencesomethinglikethisinthecountry,butthesuccessofthephenomenonhasencouragedtheauthoritiestoapplyittoothertowns.In2021,coalwasjustproducing2%ofelectricityintheUK.Mostoftheelectricityinthecountryisbeingsuppliedthroughoilandgas.Thishasresultedinmassiveabandonedcoalminesallacrossthecountry.Asyearswentby,thesemineswerefloodedwithwater,makingitasourceofgeothermal（地?zé)岬模〆nergy,whichisusedtogenerateheatandelectricity.Gatesheadhostssuchamineinitstown,whosecouncil,therefore,launchedaminewaterprojectinMarch2023.Theauthoritiesputinalargecentralheatpumpinthemine.Minewatercanoftensitwithatemperatureof45℃.Thewateristhenpumpedusingappliancestohomeheatpumps.Theprocessincreasesthetemperaturefurther.Thewaterthengoesaheadandwarmsuptheinteriorspaceandhomewatersupply.Aftertheheatfromthewaterhasbeenused,it’ssentbacktotheminewhereitagaingoesthroughthesameprocess.Theprojecthasbeensuccessfulinsupplyinglow-carbonheatingto350high-risebuildings,acollegeandseveralofficebuildings.“Recoveringheatfromminewaterbelowthegroundwithinabandonedcoalminesprovidesanexcitingopportunitytogeneratealow-carbonsecuresupplyofheat,benefittingpeoplelivingorworkinginbuildingsonthecoalfields,”saidGarethFarr,headofheatandby-productinnovationattheCoalAuthority.ThewaterresourcesthroughtheminesareestimatedtobetwobillioncubicmetersorhalftheamountofwaterinLochNess.Farradded,“WithmanymillionsofpeoplelivinguponabandonedcoalfieldsinGreatBritain,thepotentialforminewaterheatcouldbesignificant.”28．WhatdoesthetownofGatesheadfeature?A．It’sbeenoneofthemostheavilypollutedareas. B．Ithasthemostdeepcoalminesnationally.C．Itmainlyreliesongeothermalenergy. D．Itisthefirstonetoreuseabandonedcoalmines.29．WhyweremanycoalminesabandonedintheUK?A．Theywerequiteremote. B．Pricesofcoaldeclinedalot.C．Thereweren’tenoughminers. D．TheUKprioritizescleanerenergy.30．Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A．Thenumberofabandonedcoalminesisstablyincreasing.B．Thefutureofsourcingenergyfromcoalminesispromising.C．ThedependenceonwaterresourcesintheUKisdecreasing.D．Thetechniquetotakeadvantageofminewaterisimpressive.31．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Aninnovativewaytoobtaingreenenergy. B．Amethodoflivinginharmonywithnature.C．Anationalprojectforabandonedfacilities. D．Adiscussiononthefutureofcoalmines.DThesedays,there’sbarelyaworldleaderwhodoesn’ttalkupscience.Forexample,theIndia’sPrimeMinisterwasthemainperformerattheannualIndianScienceCongress,heldinNagpur,whereheencouragedthenation’sresearcherstodothescienceneededtomakeIndiaself-reliant.Themessagetoresearchersiscrystalclear:leadersseescienceasessentialtonationalprosperity,well-beingand,ofcourse,competitiveness.So,isresearchfitforthechallengeofadvancing,refiningorcritiquingthesegoals?Notexactly.Anditwon’tbeuntilthereisfundamentalreformtothegatewaytoaresearchcareer:PhDtraining.AsNatureandotherpublicationshavefrequentlyreported,PhDtrainingworldwidehasbeenintroubleforsometime.Students’stipends（生活津貼）arenotenoughinmostcountries,creatingacost-of-livingcrisis.Early-careerresearchersconstantlyreportconcernsaboutaconstantlackofsupportandpoor-qualitysupervision,withseniorresearchersrarelytrainedinmentorship（指導(dǎo)）.Furthermore,PhDcandidatesareinadequatelypreparedforthecross-disciplinaryworkingandlargeteamsthatcharacterizecutting-edgesciencetoday.Thisisespeciallytrueforcareersoutsideacademicresearch,wheretheoverwhelmingmajorityofPhDcandidateswillbeheading.Itisnotallbad.Universitiesinasmallnumberofhigh-incomecountrieshavereformed,orarereforming,PhDassessment.Butinmostplaces,andespeciallyinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries,acandidate’sworkisstillevaluatedusingasingle-authoredpaper.Inmanycountries,candidatesmustpublishinajournalbeforetheygetaPhD,somethingthatcriticssaycouldfuelprofitablepublishing.Thesystem’sstrainshavebecomemoreobviousbecausethenumberofpeopledoingPhDtraininghasbeenrisingsharply.Accordingtothe2022bookTowardsaGlobalCoreValueSysteminDoctoralEducation,thenumberofPhDsawardedinIndiaincreasedfrom17,850in2004to25.095in2016;USfiguresclimbedfrom48,500to69,525overthesameperiod.Ifresearchersaretomeetsociety’sexpectations,theirtrainingandmentoringmustescapethenineteenthcentury.32．WhyistheIndia’sPrimeMinistermentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．ToindicateIndia’sseriousscientificlandscape.B．ToimplymoreresearchersareingreatdemandinIndia.C．Toshowleaders’emphasisonscientificresearch.D．Todemonstratemoreandmorepeopletakeaninterestinscience.33．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Thereformsinscience. B．Thesignificanceofmentorship.C．Thecreationofacademicculture. D．Theissuesearly-careerresearchersface.34．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sopiniononPhDtraining?A．Disappointed. B．Satisfied. C．Indifferent. D．Enthusiastic.35．Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtoexpressinthelastparagraph?A．PhDeducationisdevelopinggradually.B．ThereformsinPhDtrainingadmitofnodelay.C．ThenumberofPhDsawardedhasincreasedinIndiaandtheUS.D．Thedemandforresearchers’meetingsociety’sexpectationsispressing.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weknowthatkeepinganorganizedspaceisakeyfactorinoverallmentalwell-being.So,howtotackleabigdeclutteringproject?36Muchlikeclosingdownarestaurantorretailstoreforthenight,havearoutinefortheendofyourdaythatinvolvessomeeasy,satisfyingtasks.Maybeit’shavingthecoffeepotcleanandreadytohelpyouwakeupinthemorning.Noticeyour“problem”spotsPayattentiontoareasinvourhomethatconstantlydemandattention,likethebathroomshelfthatalwaysoverflowswithproducts.37.Noticewhatistakingupmostofyourattention,andthenbrainstormeasysolutionsthatcancatchtheissuebeforeitgetstoobig.SetatimerFive,eight,ten,ortwentyminutesareallacceptableamountsoftimetospendchippingawayatanuntidyareainyourhome.Progressisprogress,whetherit’sregularorone-and-done.38.Adeclutteringprojectdoesnothavetobefinishedinaday!Gethelp39.Defineaspecificjobtotakeon,likeclearingoutaclosetordresserdrawer,andbringinsomeonewhowillsupportyouemotionallyandevenmakeitfuntimetogether.EmbracethephysicalactivityMaybeyouarestrugglingtofitaregularworkoutintoyourroutine.Leanintothephysicalaspectofclutter-clearingtofeellikeyou’remeetingtwogoalsatoncebyrelocatingbooksorbringingclothestothedonationbin.40—celebrateyourselfforgettingmovingwhileyoucleanup.A．MakecleaninganeasyhabitB．HireahomeorganizingprofessionalC．EvenwashingthedishesisaphysicalactivityD．Bepatientwiththebigpictureofyourclutter-clearingneedsE．Don’tignorethesnackpackagesthatnevermakeittothetrashcanF．YoudonothavetobealoneinyourjourneytowardacleanhomeG．You’llfeelfulfilledwhenyouhaveacompletelyclutter-freeexistence第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。My13-year-olddaughtersentapostcardtouswhilewewerestillawayonourmostrecenttriptoCalifornia.It41ourhouseaboutaweeklater.Thetouching42nearlybroughtmetotears.“Eventhoughwe43havetwodaysofadventuresaheadofus,Iamjustso44foreverythingwehaveexperiencedtogetheronthistrip,”shewrites.Ouryoungestdaughterisjustaboutto4511yearsold.Inthoseyears,wehavenevertakenatrue46asafamilyoffourtoaplacewe’veneverbeen.Likemost47,Ihavenoideawherethetimehasgone.ButIalsothinkthesearesomeofthebestagesto48withkids.ThisvacationtoCaliforniawasourveryfirst49,long-distancetriptogether.Thekidshelped50thetripwithinputonthingstheymightliketoseeanddo.Theyreachedforourhandsincrowds.Ican’trememberthelasttimetheyheldourhands51.Oneofourfamilybondingmomentscamewhenwetookafamilysurfinglesson.Itwasthefirsttimeanyofushadtriedsurfing,althoughitwassomethingthegirlshadbeen52.Thesmilesonthegirls’faceswereeverything.Theywereso53whentheystoodupontheboardandrodethewavesonebyone.ThosearememoriesI’mgoingto54.Andyes,IwillremindthemofthesetimesthenexttimeIreachfortheir55.41．A．left B．mentioned C．passed D．reached42．A．note B．diary C．journal D．report43．A．never B．a(chǎn)lready C．ever D．still44．A．inspired B．sorry C．grateful D．nervous45．A．dislike B．match C．turn D．remain46．A．vacation B．picture C．walk D．look47．A．visitors B．parents C．writers D．educators48．A．discuss B．work C．travel D．celebrate49．A．extended B．unexpected C．busy D．temporary50．A．plan B．recall C．imagine D．judge51．A．hopefully B．willingly C．peacefully D．curiously52．A．tiredof B．interestedin C．involvedin D．goodat53．A．terrified B．sad C．proud D．careful54．A．takeup B．holdonto C．carryout D．knowabout55．A．faces B．souls C．hands D．letters第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ConfucianismisamajorbeliefsystemthatstartedinancientChina,56wasdevelopedbyathinker57（name）Confucius.It’snotareligion58thetypicalsense,butasetofmoral,ethical,andsocialguidelines.Confucianismemphasizesrespectforelders,59（devote）tofamily,andsocialharmony.Italsohighlyvalueseducationandpromotespersonalgrowth.CentraltoConfucianismistheideathathumanbeingsarefundamentallygoodand60theycanimprovethroughself-cultivationandself-creation.AnotherkeyconceptinConfucianismis“Li”,whichmeans“properbehavior”.It’saboutbehaving61（correct）ineverysocialsituationtomaintainharmonyandbalance.Inaddition,Confucianismpromotestheideaof“Ren”,or“humaneness”.Itsuggeststhatindividualsshouldbe62（sympathy）andkindtowardsothers,withastrongsenseofdutyandcareforpeopleintheircommunity.Confucianismhasshapedtheculture,socialstructures,andhistoryofChinaandotherEastAsiancountries.Ithasplayedahugeroleinthedevelopmentoftheireducationsystems,familystructures,andgovernmentsystems.Today,it63（continue）tohaveadeepinfluence,64（guide）thebehaviorsandvaluesofmanypeople.Inessence,Confucianismisapowerfulphilosophythatencouragesrespect,compassion,learning,andharmonyinsociety.It’sawayoflifethat65（touch）countlesslivesovercenturies.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是學(xué)?；@球隊(duì)隊(duì)長李華，請寫封郵件告訴你的隊(duì)友Sophia，球隊(duì)將舉行一場籃球友誼賽，內(nèi)容包括：1．比賽信息；2．需攜帶的物品；3．詢問她是否能參加。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。DearSophia,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Sarahwasakindgirlwholivednearabigforest.Shelovedanimalsmorethananythingelse.Theforestwasherfavoriteplace,whereshelikedtowatchtheanimals.Onecoldwinterday,shefoundahurtdeercaughtinatrap.Itlookedawfullyscared,andSarahknewshehadtohelpimmediately.Shewentcloseslowlyandsetthedeerfree.ThedeerseemedtoknowthatSarahwaskind,andtheybecamefriends.ShenamedthedeerGrace.Shebuilta