Unit7復(fù)習(xí)講義牛津譯林版八年級英語下冊

8BUnit7Internationalcharities一、icstripandWeletotheunit.1.internationalcharities國際慈善結(jié)構(gòu)★charity作“慈善機構(gòu)”時為可數(shù)名詞；作“慈善（事業(yè)）”時為不可數(shù)名詞。2.Moremoneyisneededforcharity.慈善事業(yè)需要更多的錢。3.havesomemoneyleft有些剩下的零花錢4.haveabiglunch吃一頓豐盛的午餐5.I’mtooweaktowalkanyfurther（=farther).我身體太虛弱了不能再走得更遠了。6.Weonlyhavefivekilometersleft.我們僅剩下5公里了。中考鏈接：Let'shurry!Thereareonlytwominutes_____·A.LeaveB.toleaveC.leftD.leaving7.acharitycalledUNICEF一個被叫做聯(lián)合國兒童基金會的慈善機構(gòu)8.charitiesaroundtheworld全世界的慈善機構(gòu)=charitiesallovertheworld9.Ithelpsbuildabetterworldforeveryone,especiallychildrenallovertheworld.【especially副詞：特別，尤其。前面一個句子再加一個逗號】它為每個人幫助建立一個更加美好的世界，尤其是全世界的兒童。中考鏈接：ThebasketballmatchwasreallyfantasticwhenJeremyLinscoredinthelastsecond.A.probablyB.especiallyC.exactlyD.videbasiceducationforchildreninpoorareas為貧困地區(qū)的兒童提供基礎(chǔ)的教育【回顧】providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.提供某物給某人offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.提供某物給某人短文填空：1.Inotherwords,wedonot_________childrenonlyforthepurposeof_________them.(educate)11.workfortheequalrightsofgirlsandwomen為女孩和婦女爭取平等權(quán)利12.preventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases阻止一些嚴重疾病在年輕人中傳播【重點】①spread作名詞：傳播②spread作動詞：傳播→過去式：spread→過去分詞：spread中考鏈接：Ourgovernmenthastakenactiontopreventthediseasefrom(spread).It’ssaidthatpeoplearethinkingofbuildingabridgeacrossthelake.Ihopetheywillthinkaboutitcarefully．TheenvironmentwillheifthereistoomuchtectedB.producedC.preventedD.pollutedCansuchathing____happeningagain?A.PreventB.preventedfromC.bepreventedfromD.topreventfromNothingcanthegirlfromthere.A.bestopped;goingB.prevent;goingC.stop;togoD.prevent;togo13.You’vedoneagoodjob.你們做得很好。doagoodjob=welldone干得好二、Reading1.haveaninterviewwithanORBISdoctor采訪一名奧比斯醫(yī)生【回顧】haveaninterviewwithsb.=interviewsb.采訪某人2.…mostlyinpoorareas，80percentofthesecasescanbepreventedorcured.百分之八十的這些病例能預(yù)防和治好。（1）mostly副詞，意為“主要地；大部分地；多半地”。Hewritestohisparentseveryweek,mostlyonSaturdays.他每周都給他父母寫信，大多數(shù)在周六寫。（2）cure及物動詞，意為“治愈，矯正”。Curesbofsth.Thespecialmedicinecuredhimofhisheadache. 這種特別的藥治好了他的頭疼。中考鏈接：Doyouknowanythingabouttheplayersofourschoolfootballteam?Yes.Theyareyoungboysbetweentheageofthirteenandfifteen.A.mostB.mostlyC.almostD.atmostThismedicinewill______himofhiscough.A.recoverB.cureC.treatD.heal3.don’thavemoneyformedicaltreatment沒有錢來進行醫(yī)學(xué)治療★=can’taffordmedicaltreatment中考鏈接：Aftertheaccident,thetruckdriverwas_______forcuts.A.treatedB.curedC.correctedD.relieved4.aFlyingEyeHospital一所飛行眼科醫(yī)院5.ontheplane在飛機上6.volunteerdoctorsdooperations志愿者醫(yī)生做手術(shù)★do/performanoperationonsb.=operateonsb.給某人做手術(shù)7.beusedasatrainingcenter被用做培訓(xùn)中心中考鏈接：There______alotofredcrownedcranesinthisarea.A.wasusedtoB.wasusedtobeC.usedtoD.usedtobeSmartphonescanbeusedtoforinformation.ButIamnotusedtoinformationonsuchasmallscreen.A.search;readingB.searching;readingC.search;readD.searching;read8.can’taffordtogotohospital付不起看病的錢★①affordtodosth.付不起做某事的費用②affordsth.付不起某事的費用中考鏈接：1.Ican't(付得起)tobuysuchanexpensivewatch.2.CouldNellyafford_________ahousewithabiggarden?A.tobuyB.buyingC.buyD.tobuying9.Localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations.當(dāng)?shù)氐尼t(yī)生和護士被邀請到飛機上來了解有關(guān)眼科手術(shù)。①onboard=ontheplane在飛機上②learnabouteyeoperations了解有關(guān)眼科手術(shù)10.teachusnewskills教我們新技術(shù)11.Bytrainingthem,wehopetohelpmorepeople.通過培訓(xùn)他們，我們希望幫助更多的人。12.duringmylastvisit(tosp.)在我上一次（去某地）訪問過程中13.★150patientswereoperatedon.給150名病人做手術(shù)?！鷒perateon150patients給150名病人做手術(shù)中考鏈接：1.Theoldwomanhassomethingwrongwithhereyesandhastohavethem__________A.operatedonB.operatedC.operateD.operateon14.I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagainandimprovetheirlives.①★be(feel)proudtodosth.做某事很自豪/驕傲【proud（形容詞）→pride（名詞）】=be(feel)proudofdoingsth.★beproud+that從句★beproudofsb./sth.=takeprideinsb./sth.為某人/某事感到自豪/驕傲Eg:WeareproudofMoYan.=KatetakesprideinMoYan.我們?yōu)槟愿械津湴?。②helpblindpeopleseeagain幫助盲人重見光明③improvetheirlives提高他們的生活水平15.Modernmedicineisdevelopingquickly.現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)正發(fā)迅速發(fā)展。①develop動詞→過去式/過去分詞：developed→現(xiàn)在分詞：developing②developed作形容詞：發(fā)達的；developing作形容詞：發(fā)展中的Eg:Germanyisadevelopedcountry,whileChinaisadevelopingcountry.③development(n.)發(fā)展eg:WeareproudofthequickdevelopmentofChina.中考鏈接：1.ITis(發(fā)展)soquicklythatnoonecantellwhatasmartphonewillbelikeintenyears.16.Mosteyeproblemsanddiseasescanbetreatedandcured.大多數(shù)眼睛毛病和疾病能夠被治療和治愈。17.Moremoneyisneededtocarryonwithourwork.更多的錢被需要來繼續(xù)我們的工作?！铫賑arryonwithsth.=goonwithsth.=continuesth.繼續(xù)某事②carryondoingsth.=goondoingsth.=continuedoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事18.treatpeoplewitheyeproblems治療帶有眼疾的人19.【回顧】receivetreatment接受治療；beundertreatment在治療中三、Grammar:一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時中的被動語態(tài)。【語法】A.主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的概念：英語動詞的語態(tài)有兩種：⑴主動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者⑵被動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的承受者(常常沒在有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者情況下使用)注：☆及物動詞有被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞必須帶有介詞才可以有被動語態(tài)。例：⑴Welistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.→Theteacherislistenedtobyuscarefullyinclass.⑵Welaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyus.【語法】B.被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)與用法：㈠結(jié)構(gòu)：be+done(過去分詞)被動語態(tài)中的be為助動詞，無意義。be可能是am,is,are也可能是was,were或原形be。注：☆被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)是由be的時態(tài)決定的，be是什么時態(tài)，全句就是什么時態(tài)，be后面的過去分詞不變。㈡用法：例：①Historyismadebythepeople.(一般現(xiàn)在時)②ThecarsweremadeinTianjingin1995.(一般過去時)③Thetreewillbecutdownnextyear.(一般將來時)④Theroommustbekeptclean.（含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)）時態(tài)動詞的被動形式例句一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/aredoneHeisaskedtodothis.一般過去時was/weredoneThestorywastoldbyhermother.一般將來時willbedoneTheproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.現(xiàn)在完成時has/havebeendoneThehousehasbeenbuilt.【語法】C.被動語態(tài)的各種句型：1.Thesongislikedbyyoungpeople.(肯定句)2.Thesongisn’tlikedbyyoungpeople（否定句）3.Isthesonglikedbyyoungpeople?（一般疑問句）4.Whoisthesonglikedby?=Bywhomisthesongliked?（特殊疑問句）【歸納】：主動語態(tài)改被動語態(tài)的方法：方法分為三步：⑴把原句中的賓語改成主語⑵動詞改為變動形式bedone(同時注意時態(tài))⑶原來的主語如果需要的話放在介詞by后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果沒有必要則省去例：Themankilledatiger.→Atigerwaskilledbytheman.(改的過程中要注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面)練習(xí)：1、Wemusttakegoodcareofoureyes.（改為被動語態(tài)）Oureyesmust___________goodcareof.2、Mr.Smithshowedthestudentstwopicturesyesterday.（改為被動語態(tài)）Twopictures________________thestudentsbyMr.Smith.3、Tea______（grow）insoutheastofChinaandIndia.4、Theycouldn’tmakethecowgo.（改為被動語態(tài)）【語法】D.重點短語句型1.Leafletsarehandedouttopeopleinthestreeteveryyear.每年傳單由志愿者們在街上散發(fā)。①handoutleaflets散發(fā)傳單【handout=giveout分發(fā)；散發(fā)】②handout動副詞組→handit/themout2.ToysandCDsaresoldtoraisemoney.①raisesth.forsb.為某人募捐某物eg:raisemoneyforProjectHope為希望工程籌集資金②★比較：Thekindofwatchesissoldinthisshop.Thekindofwatchessellswellinthisshop.【sellwell搭配使用：暢銷（無被動）】3.theStudents’Union學(xué)生會4.OxfamwassetupintheUKin1942.Oxfam是1942年在英國成立的?！飐etup成立，創(chuàng)立→besetup被成立；被創(chuàng)立5.AlotofthingsaresoldinOxfamshops,includingbooks.【including介詞，放句子后，逗號后】6.millionsofpoorchildren好幾百萬的貧窮孩子四、Integratedskills1.UNICEFispartoftheUnitedNations.聯(lián)合國兒童基金會是聯(lián)合國不可分割的一部分?！净仡櫋縫artof不可分割的部分；apartof可以分割的部分2.Manychildren’sliveswerechangedbecauseofthewar.許多孩子的生活由于戰(zhàn)爭而被改變。3.preventthemfromgettingillness阻止他們得病【回顧】prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.=keepsb.fromdoingsth阻止某人做某事4.raisemoneybysellingChristmascardsandorganizingotheractivities通過賣圣誕卡片和組織別的活動籌集資金5.What’sthematterwithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了?6.havegotatoothache患牙痛7.nothingserious不嚴重8.takethismedicineaftermealsthreetimesaday飯后服這付藥一日三次9.You’llbeallright/OK/wellinafewdays.幾天后你就會好起來的?！居胔owsoon對劃線提問：HowsoonwillIbeallright?】五、Studyskills（一）Usingpunctuationmarks標點符號的使用。標點用法逗號為了隔開一系列單詞；分開短語和從句。句號用在問句和感嘆句以外的句子的末尾。問號用在直接問句的末尾。感嘆號用于表達驚訝、快樂、憤怒、震驚或其它強烈情感的句子末尾。引號用于直接引語中引用別人語。（二）重點短語句型。1.Willitbeasuccess?它會取得成功嗎？Eg:Whatabigsuccessthecharityshowwas!那次慈善表演取得了多么大的成功呀！2.Notimetobenervousanymore.沒有時間再緊張了。六、Task1.asecretaryofabigpany一家大公司的秘書2.drivetowork開車去上班3.traveltomanyplaces到許多地方旅行4.beafraidofflying害怕坐飛機出行5.makeupone’smindtotrainasanurse下定決心接受培訓(xùn)成為一個護士★①makeupone’smindtodosth.=decidetodosth.下定決心做某事=makeadecisiontodosth.②trainasanurse（接受）培訓(xùn)成為一個護士6.attendcoursesafterwork下班后參加課程(學(xué)習(xí))7.get/beusedtotravellingbyplane習(xí)慣做飛機旅行【be/getusedtodoingsth.】8.haveasmuchmoneyasbefore有和以前一樣多的錢9.begladtobeabletohelppeopleseeagain很高興能幫助人們重見光明10.usedtoworkonthefarmallday過去常常整天在農(nóng)場勞動【usedtodosth.】11.aUNICEFofficer一個聯(lián)合國兒童基金會的官員12.learnabouttheconditionsofthelocalpeople單項選擇1.Thecharityprovideshomelesspeople___foodandclothes.A.withB.forC.asD.of2.Theywalkedhomelastnightbecausetheycouldn't____totakeataxi.A.leaveB.buyC.affordD.allow3.——Mom，lwasthefirsttoreachthetopofthemountain.—Goodjob，Jack!I'm___ofyou.A.carefulB.proudC.tiredD.afraid4.—allthewindows？—Yes，Ididitjustnow.A.Do;closeB.Did;closeC.Were;closedD.Are;closing5.—WhatshouldwedoforthedisabledchildrenintheChildren'sHome?—You'resupposedtoastudygrouptohelpthem.A.takeupB.fixupC.setupD.stayup6.Thebasketballmatchwasreallyfantastic，__whenShuHowLinscoredinthelastsecond.A.probablyB.especiallyC.exactlyD.mostly7.—MrKing__bythereporteryesterday.—He'sgreat!Hehelpedsomanydisabledpeople.A.wasinterviewedB.isinterviewedC.isinterviewingD.wasinterviewing8.Kidshavetotakemanyafterschoolclasses.Theyhardtostudyforgoodgrades.A.pushB.arepushedC.arepushingD.havepushed9.—Whydon'tyoubuythebike，Mary?—It'stooexpensive.Ican't___it.A.sellB.lendC.keepD.afford10.——Isyourfatherateacher?—Well，he__.A.usedtoB.wasusedtoC.usedtobeD.isusedtobe11.Jimhurthisleg，sohecan'tcarryon__hismatch.A.ofB.withC.atD.off12.——Whatlanguagesinthatcountry?—GermanandEnglish.A.arespeakingB.arespokenC.speakD.isspoken13.—__doyouvolunteerinOldPeople'sHome?—Onceaweek.Wehopetohelptheoldmore.A.HowsoonB.HowmanyC.HowoftenD.Howlong14.Isthere__you'dliketosaytoyourteacher?A.somethingelseB.elsesomethingC.anythingelseD.elseanything15.—，Peter?—lhaveabadcold.A.WhatcolordoyoulikeB.What'sthematterwithyouC.WhereareyouD.What'stheweatherlike16.Hurryup!Onetheconcertstarts,nobody_________toentertheconcerthall.A.allowsB.allowedC.isallowedD.isallowing17.Thelittleboy__________bythebigdogthismorning.A.wasmadetocryB.wasmadecryC.madetocryD.madecry18.NineteenYanchengdishes__________intothebookHuaiyangCuisine.A.choseB.chooseC.arechosenD.havechos