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完形填空
一、高考原題
(-)【2023年新高考全國(guó)I卷】
OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.Melanie
Baileyshouldhave]thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her2camebecauseshewas
carryinga3acrossthefinishline.
Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythrough
her4whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She5tohelpherfellow
runner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookheramtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith6.She
couldn't.Baileythen7toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewayto
thefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget8attention.
Oncethere,Lenouewas9andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshe
hadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme10to
makeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.
AsforBailey,sheismore11aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig12."Shewas
justcrying.Icouldn't13her,"Baileytoldthereporter.nIfeellikeIwasjustdoingthe
rightthing."
Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe14they'vesincebecome
friends.Neitherwontherace,butthe15ofhumankindnesswontheday.
l.A.designedB.followedC.changedD.finished
2.A.delayB.chanceC.troubleD.excuse
3.A.judgeB.volunteerC.classmateD.competitor
4.A.raceB.schoolC.townD.training
5.A.agreedB.returnedC.stoppedD.promised
6.A.courageB.aidC.patienceD.advice
7.A.wentawayB.stoodupC.steppedasideD.bentdown
8.A.medicalB.publicC.constantD.equal
9.A.interruptedB.assessedC.identifiedD.appreciated
10.A.hungerB.painC.coldD.tiredness
11.A.worriedB.ashamedC.confusedD.discouraged
12.A.gameB.problemC.lessonD.deal
13.A.leaveB.cureC.botherD.understand
14.A.rideB.testC.meetD.show
15.A.secretB.displayC.benefitD.exchange
(二)【2023年新高考全國(guó)n卷】
InAprillastyear,IsawapostonthePNP(PilotsNPaws)websitefromafamilyinTopeka.
TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabuttheywereonaverytight1.Theycouldnotaffordtopay
for2fortheirdog,Tiffy,and3wantedtotakeherwiththem.
Itjust4thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,who_5
totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.WhatIwastodowasflytoTopekato6Tiffy.
WhenImetTiffy'sowners,theyseemedvery7.George,thehusband,wastryingto
becalm,butIcouldtellthiswas8forhim,havingtoleavehisdogtoa9andtrustthat
everythingwould10.
Aftersomegoodbyes,IaskedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme11Tiffyintotheplane.
IpromisedtotakecareofTiffyand12themassoonaswegottoKansasCity.
Theflightwas13andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she14with
KarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.Hewasso15andsentme
anicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogether
again.
l.A.turnB.budgetC.scheduleD.connection
2.A.foodB.shelterC.medicineD.transportation
3.A.desperatelyB.temporarilyC.secretlyD.originally
4.A.appearedB.provedC.happenedD.showed
5.A.waitedB.offeredC.hurriedD.failed
6.A.seeoffB.lookforC.handoverD.pickup
7.A.confusedB.nervousC.annoyedD.curious
8.A.hardB.fineC.commonD.lucky
9.A.coworkerB.passengerC.strangerD.neighbor
10.A.speedupB.workoutC.comebackD.takeoff
ll.A.feedB.followC.changeD.load
12.A.callB.joinC.leaveD.serve
13.A.unnecessaryB.unexpectedC.unavoidableD.uneventful
14.A.returnedB.foughtC.flewD.agreed
15.A.thankfulB.generousC.proudD.sympathetic
(三)【2022年新高考全國(guó)n卷】
Likemanyyoungpeople,Jessicawantstotraveltheglobe.Unlikemostofthem,this25-
year-oldisdoingit1.Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld,
stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingapore.Itmightsoundlikeonelong,expensive2,
butthecouplehasanunusualwaytomaketheirtravel3.
They'repartofanewformofthe4economy:anonlinegroupofhousesitters.
Throughouttheirno-coststaysin5homes,theyfeedpetsandwaterplantsinthe
homeowner's6.
It'snotallsightseeing.Thetwotravelerscarefully7theirtrips,schedulingtheirdays
aroundthepetsthataresometimesdifficultto8Buthousesittingalsooffersalevel
of9theycan'tfindinahotel."It^like10atafriend'shouse,"Jessicasays.
Thecouplehasahigh11rateingettingacceptedashousesittersandtheyalwaysgo
beyondthehomeowner's12.ForJessica,thatmeans13plentyofpicturesofhappy
pets,keepingthehouse14andleavinganicesmallgiftbeforeheadingtothenexthouse.
"Youwanttomakethehomeownerfeelthattheymadetheright15shesays.
l.A.indoorsB.onlineC.single-handedD.full-time
2.A.gameB.serviceC.vacationD.procedure
3.A.safeB.busyC.helpfulD.affordable
4.A.localB.privateC.sharingD.agricultural
5.A.strangers*B.parents1C.co-workers1D.neighbors*
6.A.favorB.defenseC.honorD.absence
7.A.planB.explainC.compareD.complete
8.A.buyB.transportC.chooseD.please
9.A.supportB.comfortC.control□.attention
lO.A.cookingB.stayingC.waitingD.studying
ll.A.successB.survivalC.growthD.unemployment
12.A.budgetB.abilitiesC.expectationsD.understanding
13.A.admiringB.donatingC.sendingD.borrowing
14.A.cleanB.openC.simpleD.empty
15.A.guessB.decisionC.responseD.impression
(四)【2022年新高考全國(guó)I卷】
Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepast
tenyears.
Someofour1arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.
Once,we2alongChalkCreek.Iwas3thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothe
creek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedaboutten
minutes.Hewas4,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So5tyinghim
up,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It6一hedidn*tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,
however,did.
Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe7,but
stormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly8ourpeacefulmorningtrip.
The9pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto10themotor.
Nothing.Hetriedagain.No11.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.
Asweallsatthere12,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.We
were13.
Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwith
asenseof14wonderingwhatcampingfunand15wewillexperiencenext.
l.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries
2.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled
3.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried
4.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid
5.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor
6.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed
7.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headedoff
8.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded
9.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed
lO.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix
1l.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal
12.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly
13.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right
14.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement
15.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict
二、考情分析
一、記敘文
記敘文是一種以寫(xiě)人記事為主要內(nèi)容、以敘述為主要表達(dá)方式的文體。它主要包括歷
史故事、人物傳記、逸聞趣事等。文章多交代when、where、who、what、how五個(gè)要
素。
應(yīng)對(duì)技巧:
1讀懂文章首句
首句往往是整篇文章的引領(lǐng)句,概括了整篇文章的中心和寫(xiě)作意圖,是文章發(fā)展過(guò)程
的重要線索。細(xì)讀首句可以判斷文章體裁,預(yù)測(cè)語(yǔ)篇解讀和主旨。讀懂首句可以幫助
考生建立正確的思維導(dǎo)向,對(duì)理解全文起著至關(guān)重要的作用。所以在仔細(xì)閱讀了首句
后,應(yīng)快速閱讀全文,確定文章的文體、主旨和結(jié)構(gòu)。一般地,記敘文類(lèi)的文章的首
句會(huì)交代4個(gè)W(When,Where,Who,What),這為我們理解文章提供了一個(gè)“窗口”。
2理清事件發(fā)展順序
記敘文類(lèi)文章以敘述為主,一般按事件發(fā)展的順序來(lái)敘述,正確把握文章的發(fā)展順序
對(duì)把握文章的主脈有著重要意義。因此,在選擇答案時(shí),要按照事情發(fā)展的順序,從
整體上把握文章內(nèi)容,弄清文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系,同時(shí)認(rèn)真比較所給選
項(xiàng),從中選出最符合語(yǔ)境的答案。
3注意上下文呼應(yīng)
近幾年高考完形填空單純考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的題很少,多數(shù)題目必須借助對(duì)上下文的理解
才能得出正確答案。短文中每個(gè)空白處的詞和上下文在意義和結(jié)構(gòu)上都有著必然的聯(lián)
系。因此,考生必須注意上下文的連貫性及邏輯性。在了解語(yǔ)篇大意的基礎(chǔ)上,要按
文章的先后順序,對(duì)每道題所給的詞語(yǔ)的確切含義進(jìn)行分析比較,并考慮到全文的語(yǔ)
境,做到瞻前顧后,上下文呼應(yīng),運(yùn)用邏輯思維進(jìn)行答題。
二、議論文
議論文是高考完形填空中較難的一種文體,一般由三個(gè)要素組成:論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。
要做好議論文類(lèi)的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的論點(diǎn)。不同的議論文,論點(diǎn)的提出
方式往往不同,大體有以下種情況:①開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山地提出論點(diǎn)。有些議論文在文章的一
開(kāi)始就提出論點(diǎn)。然后再通過(guò)具體的論據(jù)去證明論點(diǎn),論據(jù)有時(shí)候既有正面的,也有
反面的。最后總結(jié)全文。②導(dǎo)入式提出論點(diǎn)。有些議論文會(huì)先敘述生活中的一件具體
的事情或描述生活中的現(xiàn)象,然后根據(jù)事情或現(xiàn)象所反映的問(wèn)題提出自己的論點(diǎn),再
用具體的論據(jù)去證明自己的論點(diǎn)。③最后提出論點(diǎn)。有些議論文,作者一開(kāi)始僅僅是
列舉生活中的現(xiàn)象,不表明自己的觀點(diǎn),然后通過(guò)對(duì)具體現(xiàn)象的分析,自然地得出一
種結(jié)論,這種結(jié)論往往就是作者的論點(diǎn)。答題時(shí)要注意理清論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。一般
來(lái)說(shuō),能說(shuō)明論據(jù)主要內(nèi)容的答案可以在點(diǎn)里得到印證,而能說(shuō)明論點(diǎn)主要內(nèi)容的答
案也可以與論據(jù)有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來(lái)。抓住了這個(gè)特點(diǎn),部分選項(xiàng)的答案便一目了然。
應(yīng)對(duì)技巧:
1從首句入手,找出中心
2利用原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),尋找近義詞語(yǔ)
完形填空試題中,有些詞語(yǔ)常常重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇之中,有時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些與選項(xiàng)意義
緊密相連的同義詞或者近義詞??忌浞掷眠@些詞提供的有效信息進(jìn)行合理的推
測(cè)判斷,選出正確答案。
3依據(jù)行文邏輯關(guān)系,準(zhǔn)確辨析詞義
三、說(shuō)明文
說(shuō)明文類(lèi)完形填空題常常就某一個(gè)問(wèn)題從不同的角度來(lái)加以說(shuō)明,文章用來(lái)說(shuō)明某一
種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象、一個(gè)產(chǎn)品的制作過(guò)程、一種產(chǎn)品的使用方法、某個(gè)科學(xué)成就或人類(lèi)生活
中所面臨的某個(gè)具體的難題等。說(shuō)明文所呈現(xiàn)的方式較為單一,作者往往一開(kāi)始就交
代說(shuō)明的對(duì)象,然后再?gòu)牟煌慕嵌冗M(jìn)行說(shuō)明。因此,這類(lèi)文章的每一個(gè)段落通常就
是其中的一個(gè)角度或側(cè)面,所以要注意概括每一個(gè)段落的主旨大意,尤其是文章每一
段的開(kāi)頭或結(jié)尾,作者往往會(huì)對(duì)說(shuō)明的話題進(jìn)行概括和說(shuō)明。說(shuō)明文一般有四種結(jié)構(gòu)
模式:①總分式。包括“總分”“分總”“總分總”等具體形式;②遞進(jìn)式。事理說(shuō)明文多
用遞進(jìn)式結(jié)構(gòu),一層一層地剖析事理。③并列式。文章各部分的內(nèi)容沒(méi)有主次輕重之
分,各層之間的關(guān)系是并列的、平等的。④連貫式。各層之間按照事物發(fā)展過(guò)程安排
層次,前后互相承接。
應(yīng)對(duì)技巧:
1利用總分原則,理清段落關(guān)系
符合“總分式”結(jié)構(gòu)的說(shuō)明文通常有兩種情況:一是先說(shuō)一句總結(jié)性的話,后面分幾個(gè)
方面闡述或舉例說(shuō)明;二是從幾個(gè)方面敘述細(xì)節(jié)情況,然后用一句總結(jié)性的話進(jìn)行歸
納。
2運(yùn)用順勢(shì)承接或者逆向?qū)Ρ龋擅钸x擇答案
根據(jù)空格前后的內(nèi)容推測(cè)出它們之間的關(guān)系,根據(jù)它們之間的關(guān)系選出答案,這屬于
順勢(shì)承接當(dāng)文章的上下語(yǔ)句間含有一些與空格處意義相反或相對(duì)的詞匯時(shí),就要運(yùn)用
逆向?qū)Ρ确ā?/p>
四、夾敘夾議文
夾敘夾議類(lèi)的文章是高考完形填空中較有難度的體裁,也是容易造成考生失誤的一類(lèi)
體裁。所選文章語(yǔ)言地道,寓意深刻,可讀性強(qiáng)。因此對(duì)這種類(lèi)型的完形填空,大家
應(yīng)該引起足夠的重視。高考夾敘夾議類(lèi)的完形填空一般有以下三種結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn):
(1)先敘述作者自己親歷的一件事情或所見(jiàn)所聞,然后針對(duì)這件事情發(fā)表自己的看法,
或揭示生活的真理。
(2)先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法,然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用具體的事例來(lái)論證,一般是
一個(gè)事例,有時(shí)也會(huì)用幾個(gè)事例從不同的側(cè)面加以論證。
(3)提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法,然后用事例論證,最后再進(jìn)一步闡述或總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)。
解答夾敘夾議類(lèi)完形填空必須做到整體合一,“大環(huán)境”與“小環(huán)境”有機(jī)結(jié)合,其中敘
是議的基礎(chǔ),議是敘的滲透和延伸。因此,在逐個(gè)解題的過(guò)程中要注意敘述與議論之
間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換,及時(shí)調(diào)整自己的思維方式,切不可偏離所敘及所議之事,按自己的思
路分析題目。
應(yīng)對(duì)技巧:
1首尾遙相呼應(yīng),主題鮮明統(tǒng)一
大多數(shù)夾敘夾議類(lèi)完形填空的尾段是文章的結(jié)論段落,是對(duì)前面所述故事的分析評(píng)論,
這樣與首段往往形成呼應(yīng)的效果,所以考生做此類(lèi)文章時(shí),要仔細(xì)分析首段與尾段的
這種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。
2行文邏輯推理,增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇意識(shí)
夾敘夾議文,文章以敘述為主,絕大多數(shù)篇幅是作者在描述事件,而作者的態(tài)度及觀
點(diǎn)往往隱含在敘述中。這就要求考生增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇意識(shí),在理解上下文的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)語(yǔ)
境辨析詞語(yǔ),做出選擇。
3圍繞主題,了解作者的寫(xiě)作意圖
夾敘夾議文雖然在講故事、描述人,但都是作者為了表達(dá)某個(gè)主題而精心編排的,所
以字里行間都滲透著作者的意圖,即作者意在通過(guò)文章告訴讀者道理。如果考生對(duì)作
者的寫(xiě)作意圖不了解,會(huì)引起系列的錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí),導(dǎo)致幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)連續(xù)錯(cuò)誤。一般來(lái)說(shuō),
作者講故事是為了給人經(jīng)驗(yàn)、教訓(xùn),那么行文中的詞匯應(yīng)該是與其有關(guān)的;如果作者
是為了講述生活中的哲理,那么詞匯應(yīng)該是積極向上的。
三、變式訓(xùn)練
(五)
Mydadisaconstructionworker.Hedoesn'tseemlikethekindofguywhowould_1
greatbread,butheisandhedoes.
rvebeenfeeling2sinceIknewIdidn'tqualifyfbrtheswimteam.NowDIhaveto
waitawholeyearto3again;thatmightaswellbeamillionyears.
DadknewIwasfeelingdown.LastSundayhesaiditwastimeformetohelpinthe
4_.Icouldn'timaginewhathelpIcouldoffer.5,1followedrightbehindhim.Dadgot
outtheflourandmilkandtaughtmehowtomakethedough(面團(tuán)),whichtooktenminutes
and6agreatamountofenergy.
Nextcamethemostdifficultbut7part—doingnothing.Wewaitedforanhourfor
thedoughto8swell(膨脹)anddoubleinsize.Thenwebeattherisendoughdowntolet
theairout,divideditintotwoandwaitedforanother9."Takeyourtime.Don'trushto
putthedoughdirectlyintotheoven(烤箱),butifyoudo,thebreadwillbehard.Solearnto
be10JDadexplained.Astheflourdustinthekitchenquietlysettled,11didn't
seemtomatter.Thedoughwasgoingto12atitsownpace.
AsI13whatDadsaid,Istoppedwalkingaroundandwatchingthe14.Witha
peacefulmind,Istarted15thequiettimewithDad.Myfathertaughtmehowtobake
bread,butIthinkIlearnedsomethingmore.
l.A.purchaseB.deliverC.bakeD.earn
2.A.heart-brokenB.tongue-tiedC.cold-bloodedD.narrow-minded
3.A.settledownB.cheerupC.showoffD.tryout
4.A.kitchenB.schoolC.marketD.factory
5.A.EvenB.StillC.BesidesD.Often
6.A.demandedB.wastedC.preservedD.weakened
7.A.amusingB.annoyingC.movingD.sui-prising
8.A.urgentlyB.casuallyC.slowlyD.temporarily
9.A.minuteB.hourC.dayD.week
10.A.ambitiousB.passionateC.patientD.conventional
1l.A.fortuneB.familyC.lifeD.time
12.A.riseB.bendC.explodeD.roll
13.A.predictedB.acceptedC.doubtedD.investigated
14.A.flourB.milkC.clockD.bread
15.A.memorizingB.enjoyingC.markingD.evaluating
(六)
Twenty-fiveyearsagoonJuly1,1997,1wokeupverylateinmyapartmentinSingapore.
Ijumpedoutofbedin1Iwokeupmy8-year-olddaughterAvy?"We'relatefbrschool,
“Ihalf-yelledather.Wefinally2ittothenearbybusstopintime.3,theschool
wasonlytwostopsaway.Wegotin,4oureyesasthesunlightstreamedintothebus.
HermomhadflowntoHongKongseveraldaysearlieronassignmentforanewspaperto
5_thehandover(交接)ofthecity'sreturntoChina.
Ihad6fromworkforaweektohelplookafterourdaughter.Iwould7my
daughterfromschoolaroundmidday.Attheendoftheday,IwouldwatchthenewsonTV,
whichhadledtheentireweekwiththe8eventshappeninginHongKong.Iwould
wonder9mywifewasinthecrowdthatwasgatheredto10thehandover.
Theyear,1997,was11becausetheAsianfinancialcrisisbegan.Forthatweek
though,thatwastheleastofmy12.1justmadesurewedidnothavea13ofJuly1,
whenwewerenearlylateforschool.Mywifewasverybusyduringthehandover,chasing
downstoriesinHongKongastheBritishflagwas14forthelasttime.
IlaterspentafewyearsworkinginHongKong,butmyenduringmemoryofthedays
surroundingitsreturntoChinawasthetimeIspentasa15,althoughitiskindofhardto
callan8-year-oldababy.
l.A.panicB.confusionC.sorrowD.excitement
2.A.searchedB.workedC.madeD.won
3.A.HopefullyB.ThankfullyC.DefinitelyD.Eventually
4.A.pattingB.hittingC.washingD.rubbing
5.A.chargeB.interruptC.coverD.change
6.A.lookedupB.setoutC.brokenawayD.takenoff
7.A.dressupB.bringupC.pickupD.cheerup
8.A.historicB.economicC.academicD.comic
9.A.howB.whenC.whyD.where
10.A.declineB.witnessC.criticizeD.approve
1l.A.tenseB.comfortableC.shamefulD.unavoidable
12.A.embarrassments.delightC.surpriseD.worries
13.A.discoveryB.repeatC.fortuneD.experiment
14.A.ruinedB.protectedC.loweredD.held
15.A.babysitterB.workerC.adultD.mother
(七)
EveryyearI'dreadover2,000collegeapplicationsfromstudentsallovertheworld.Itis
quite]tochoosewhomtoadmit.2,inthechaosofSATscoresand
recommendations,one3isalwaysirresistibleinacandidate:kindness.
Themostsurprising4ofkindnessI'veever5camefromastudentwhohad
excellentscoresandasupportiverecommendationfromhiscollegecounselor(顧問(wèn)).Even
withthesequalifications,hemightnothave6,Butoneletterofrecommendationcaught
myeye.Itwasfromaschoolsecurity7.Lettersofrecommendationaretypicallywritten
bypeoplelikeformerpresidents,celebrities,andOlympicathletes.
Thesecurityguardwrotethathesupportedthisstudent9sadmissionbecauseofhis
8_?Thisyoungmanwastheonlypersonintheschoolwhoknewthenamesofevery
memberoftheguardstaff.Heturnedofflightsinemptyrooms,consistently9the
hallwaymonitoreachmorningandtidieduptheclassroomafterhispeersleftschool10
nobodywaswatching.Thisstudent,thesecurityguardwrote,hada(n)11respectfor
everypersonattheschool,regardlessofposition,popularityorpower.
Itgaveusa12ontoastudent'slifeinthemomentswhennothing“counted”.That
studentwasadmittedbyunanimous(一致的)voteoftheadmissionscommittee.
Nextyeartheremightbeafloodofsecurityguardrecommendations13thisessay.
Butifitmeansstudentswillstartpayingasmuch14tothepeoplewhocleantheir
classroomsastheydototheirprincipalsandteachers,Fmhappytohelpstartthat15.
l.A.decentB.difficultC.delicateD.desperate
2.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.BesidesD.Therefore
3.A.abilityB.qualityC.limitationD.assumption
4.A.signalB.imageC.appearanceD.indication
5.A.comeoutB.pickupC.comeacrossD.bringup
6.A.stoodupB.stoodoutC.givenupD.givenout
7.A.guardB.teacherC.principalD.counselor
8.A.wisdomB.braveryC.encouragementD.consideration
9.A.botheredB.answeredC.visitedD.thanked
10.A.asifB.nowthatC.evenifD.inorderthat
1l.A.demandingB.amusingC.refreshingD.puzzling
12.A.passionB.troubleC.methodD.window
13.A.duetoB.inneedofC.exceptforD.alongwith
14.A.moneyB.noticeC.attentionD.curiosity
15.A.policyB.trendC.arrangementD.career
(A)
Earlierthisyear,ImovedintoasuburbofAtlanta.Idecidedto]theareaonfoot.On
mywalks,asIadmiredtherangeofresidential2,1alsoadmiredanothertypeofhouse:
LittleFreeLibraries.TdseenthemalloverAtlantaand3it'dbefuntobuildmyown,but
whenIlookedatthewebsite'sofficialmap,itturnedouttherewerealreadyahandfulnearby.
4_,Idecidedtoseekeachofthemout.
I'vesincefoundsixsitesofthesefreebook5Withoutthem,Iwouldneverhave
beenableto"meet”peopleinmycommunity.Iquickly6myneighbors'readingtastes,
sortingthroughtheirsmallboxesofbooks.Eachlibraryisuniqueandshowsthe7ofthe
personwhobuiltit,with8colorsanddesigns.TheseLittleFreeLibrariesarealsothe
perfectwayto9conversationswithstrangers.
Sincethepandemicbegan,LittleFreeLibrarieshavebecomealifelineformany.They
don't10socialdistancingandeverythingisonanhonorsystem.People11abookin
exchangeandsomelibrarieshaveevenbecome12foodpantries(食品儲(chǔ)藏柜)forpeople
inneed.Inallthe13they'vetakenon,theselibrarieshavebroughtpeopletogetherina
sense,especiallywhenitfeelslikeeverythingistryingto14us.Beyondconversation
startersandpersonality15,LittleFreeLibrariesfindcommonground—apreciousthing,
pandemicornot.
l.A.exploreB.searchC.measureD.clean
2.A.districtB.settingC.developmentD.architecture
3.A.promisedB.explainedC.thoughtD.proved
4.A.SecretlyB.FortunatelyC.NaturallyD.Cautiously
5.A.exchangesB.giveawaysC.reservationsD.publications
6.A.correctedB.learnedC.improvedD.satisfied
7.A.appearanceB.expressionC.healthD.personality
8.A.standardB.ordinaryC.varyingD.new
9.A.goonwithB.strikeupC.breakinonD.actout
10.A.requireB.permitC.deserveD.guarantee
ll.A.leaveB.orderC.editD.write
12.A.fancyB.traditionalC.privateD.temporary
13.A.subjectsB.burdensC.formsD.risks
14.A.informB.persuadeC.surpriseD.divide
15.A.balancersB.indicatorsC.testersD.separators
答案以及解析
(-)
1.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)上文提到的成百上千的選手在越野賽中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)可知,Bailey參加了比賽;根
據(jù)下文的“earlierthanshedid""acrossthefinishline”可知,此處指Bailey本應(yīng)該要早一
點(diǎn)完成(finished)比賽的。shouldhavefinished…意思是“本應(yīng)該完成design”設(shè)計(jì)
',;follow"跟隨“;change”改變故選D。
2.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)"becauseshewascarryingaacrossthefinishline”以及下文描述可知,
Bailey因?yàn)閹椭?jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手而耽擱(delay)了。chance”機(jī)會(huì)";trouble”困難";excuse”借
□%故選A。
3.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)第二段的"whenarunner...DanielleLenoue""BaileythentoletLenoue
climbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline”可知,Bailey背著她的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
對(duì)手(competitor)通過(guò)了終點(diǎn)線。judge”裁判員,法官";volunteer”志愿者”;classmate"
同學(xué)工故選D。
4.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)上文的“morethantwo-thirdsoftheway"以及下文的"arunnerinfrontofher"nJ
知,此處指她的比賽(race)。故選A。
5.答案:C
解析:根據(jù)下文的“tohelpherfellowrunner”可知,此處指Bailey停下來(lái)(stopped)去幫
助她的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。agree”同意";return"返回";promise”答應(yīng)"。故選C。
6.答案:B
解析:根據(jù)上文的"Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforward”可知,此處指
Bailey抓著Lenoue的胳膊想看看在她的幫助(aid)下Lenoue是不是可以向前走。
courage"勇氣";patience”耐心”;advice”建議"。故選B。
7.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)下文的"letLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinish
line”可知,此處是指Bailey彎腰(bentdown)讓Lenoue爬到她的背上。goaway”離開(kāi)
";standup"起立";stepaside"站到一邊,下臺(tái),讓位"。故選D。
8.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)下文的"Oncethere,Lenouewasandlatertakentoahospital"以及"thataid
checkpoint"可知,Bailey把Lenoue背到一個(gè)她可以得到醫(yī)療處理(medicalattention)的地
方。public"公眾的";constant"不斷的";equal"平等的"。故選A。
9.答案:B
解析:根據(jù)下文的“thataidcheckpoint"可知,這個(gè)地方是進(jìn)行醫(yī)療處理的地方,同時(shí)根
據(jù)"latertakentoahospital"可知,Lenoue在這里先接受評(píng)估(assessed),然后被送往醫(yī)
院。interrupt"打斷";identify"識(shí)別";appreciate"感激"。故選B。
10.答案:B
解析:根據(jù)上文的"cryinginpain""shehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees"可知,如果
沒(méi)有Bailey的幫助,Lenoue會(huì)在極度疼痛(pain)中掙扎著到達(dá)那個(gè)醫(yī)療檢查點(diǎn)。
tiredness"疲勞"。故選B。
11.答案:C
解析:根據(jù)下文的"whyheractisconsideredabig"和"Ifeel...therightthing"可
知,Bailey是很疑惑的(confused)。worried"擔(dān)心的";ashamed"羞愧的";discouraged"M
氣的"。故選C。
12.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)下文Bailey對(duì)記者說(shuō)的話可以看出,Bailey對(duì)其他人認(rèn)為她的行為是一件
重要的大事(abigdeal)很不理解。故選D。
13.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)上文的"tohelpherfellowrunner"以及"Shewasjustcrying"可知,這里是指
Bailey不能丟下(leave)她。cure"治愈";bother"打擾"。故選A。
14.答案:C
解析:根據(jù)上文可知,她們兩個(gè)在這個(gè)比賽(meet)之前是不認(rèn)識(shí)的。ride"騎行";test"
測(cè)試";show”演出"。故選C。
15.答案:B
解析:根據(jù)全文的描述可知,這里指的是人性善良的展示(display)贏得了最終勝利。
benefit"益處";exchange"交換"。故選B。
(二)
1.答案:B
解析:根據(jù)下文中的"Theycouldnotaffordtopayforfortheirdog"可知,他們預(yù)算
(budget)很緊張。turn"轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),機(jī)會(huì)";schedule"工作計(jì)劃,日程安排";connection"聯(lián)
系,關(guān)聯(lián),聯(lián)結(jié)"。故選B。
2.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)上文中的"TheyhadtomovetoVirginia"和下文中的"takeTiffy...Virginia"可知,
他們支付不起狗的運(yùn)輸(transportation)費(fèi)用。shelter"庇護(hù),居所"。故選D。
3.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)上文中的"IsawapostonthePNP(PilotsNPaws)websitefromafamilyin
Topeka"可知,他們預(yù)算緊張,不能支付他們家狗的運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用,但是他們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上發(fā)帖子
求助,可見(jiàn)他們極度地(desperately)想帶上狗。temporarily"暫時(shí)";secretly"秘密地";
originally"原來(lái),起初”。故選A。
4.答案:C
解析:根據(jù)下文中的"IwasplanninganotherPNPflight"可知,作者碰巧也要去。Itjust
happenedthat..."碰巧...appear"似乎";prove"證明";show"顯示"。故選C。
5.答案:B
解析:根據(jù)下文中的"takeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia"以及下文的敘述可知,
Karen主動(dòng)提出(offered)把Tiffy從堪薩斯城帶到弗吉尼亞。故選B。
6.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)上文中的"WhatIwastodowasflytoTopeka"可知,作者飛往Topeka就是為
了接(pickup)Tiffy。seeoff"為...送行";lookfor"尋找";handover"移交故選D。
7.答案:B
解析:根據(jù)下文中的"George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm"可知,當(dāng)作者見(jiàn)到Tiffy
的主人時(shí),他們看起來(lái)特別緊張(nervous)。confused"迷惑的";annoyed"煩惱";
curious"好奇的"。故選B。
8.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)下文中的"havingtoleavehisdogtoaandtrustthateverythingwould
—”可知,此處表示作者能看出這件事對(duì)George來(lái)說(shuō)很難(hard)。故選A。
9.答案:C
解析:根據(jù)上文可知,作者和這家人不認(rèn)識(shí),所以這家人是在把他們的狗交給一個(gè)陌
生人Gtranger)。coworker"同事";passenger"乘客";neighbor"鄰居故選C。
10.答案:B
解析:根據(jù)上文中的"leavehisdogtoa"可知,他不得不相信一切都會(huì)進(jìn)展順利
(workout)ospeedup"加速";comeback"再度流行";takeoff"突然成功"。故選B。
11.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)下文中的“intotheplane"可知,作者讓George和他妻子幫忙把Tiffy裝上
(load)飛機(jī)。feed"喂養(yǎng)";follow"跟隨";change"改變"。故選D。
12.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)下文中的“assoonaswegottoKansasCity"以及生活常識(shí)可知,作者承諾會(huì)
照顧狗,且一到達(dá)堪薩斯城就打電話(call)給他們。join"參加,加入";leave“離開(kāi)
";serve"接待"。故選A。
13.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)下文中的“Tiffywasagreatpassenger"可知,這次飛行是很順利的。
unnecessary"不必要的";unexpected"出乎意料的";unavoidable"無(wú)法避免的";
uneventful”無(wú)驚人或重大事件的”。故選D。
14.答案:C
解析:上文提到Karen是一個(gè)飛行員,愿意把Tiffy從堪薩斯城帶到弗吉尼亞,所以
Tiffy是和Karen一起飛⑴ew)去弗吉尼亞的。故選C。
15.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)下文中的"sentmeanicee-mailwithpictures"可知,George非常感激(thankful)
作者。generous"慷慨的,大方的";proud"自豪的,驕傲的";sympathetic"同情的,有
同情心的,故選A。
(三)
1.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)下文的"Sheandherhusband....onelong,expensive"可知,這個(gè)25歲的
年輕人全職從事這項(xiàng)工作。故選Doindoors""在室內(nèi)";online"在線地";single-
handed"單獨(dú)地";full-time"全職地"o
2.答案:C
解析:根據(jù)上文的"Jessicawantstotraveltheglobe...toSingapore"可知,Jessica在環(huán)球旅
行。故選Coservice"(對(duì)顧客的)接待,服務(wù)";vacation"假期";procedure"(正常)
程序,手續(xù)"。
3答案:D
解析:根據(jù)上文的but可知,空處與上文的expensive構(gòu)成對(duì)比關(guān)系;再根據(jù)下文的
"Throughouttheirno-coststaysinhomes"可知,Jessica他們住宿免費(fèi),故可推知此
處是說(shuō),這對(duì)夫婦有不同尋常的方式使旅行變便宜,故選Dohelpful“有用的,有益
的";affordable”多數(shù)人支付得起的"。
4.答案:C
解析:根據(jù)空處所在句"They'repart...economy:anonlinegroupofhousesitters"以及下文
內(nèi)容可知,此處指的是共享經(jīng)濟(jì)。故選Colocal”本地的,當(dāng)?shù)氐摹?;private"私人的,
秘密的";sharing"樂(lè)于分享的,慷慨的,無(wú)私的“;agricultural"農(nóng)業(yè)的"。
5.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,他們?cè)诃h(huán)球旅行,再結(jié)合下文的"Buthouse-sittingalsooffers
aleveloftheycan'tfindinahotel""It'slikeatafriend'shouse”可知,此處是指
住在陌生人的家里,故選A。
6.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,當(dāng)免費(fèi)住在陌生人家里時(shí),他們會(huì)在房主不在的時(shí)候喂寵物、
給植物澆水。inone'sfavor"對(duì)某人有利,有利于某人";inone'sdefense"為某人辯護(hù)";
inone'shonor"為紀(jì)念,向表示敬意";inone'sabsence”某人不在時(shí)"。故選D。
7.答案:A
解析:根據(jù)下文的"theirtrips,schedulingtheirdays"可知,他們認(rèn)真地計(jì)劃他們的旅程,
故選A。plan”精心安排,計(jì)劃";explain"解釋";compare"比較";complete"完成"。
8.答案:D
解析:根據(jù)下文的"ForJessica,tha
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