浙江省紹興市2023年高三《英語(yǔ)》上學(xué)期月考試題與參考答案

浙江省紹興市2023年高三《英語(yǔ)》上學(xué)期月考試題與參考答案第一部分：聽(tīng)力做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Wanderingthestreet.B.EatinginarestaurantC.Buyingadress.2.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Customerandwaitress.3.Whenarethespeakersmeeting?A.OnJuly14th.B.OnJuly15th.C.OnJuly16th.4.Wherecanthespeakersbe?A.Inashoestore.B.Atafashionshow.C.Ontheplayground.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ajob.B.Apresentation.C.Aprogram.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.WhatdoestheagentwishLilytodo?A.Actinanadvertisement.B.Seekforachildactress.C.Performinafurniturestore.7.Whydidthewomanrefusetheinvitationoftheagent?A.Shehadnotrustintheagent.B.ShehatedLily’slifebeingdisturbed.C.Shecouldaffordthecollegeexpenses.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Tomakeacomplaint.B.Tobookaroom.C.Toaskforhelp.9.Whatcanbefoundonthetopshelfofthecupboard?A.Thewaterheater.B.Extrapillows.C.Washingpowder.10.Whenisprobablythebesttimetovisittheflowerexhibition?A.OnFriday.B.OnThursday.C.OnSunday.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howdoesthemotherfeelabouttheboy’sredspotsovertheneck?A.Surprised.B.Relieved.C.Anxious.12.Howdoestheboywanthismomtohelphim?A.Bylyingtothenurse.B.Byaskingtheschoolforasickleave.C.Bycoveringtheredspotswithmakeup.13.Whatadvicedidthemothergive?A.Gotoseethedoctorfirst.B.Getanotefromtheschoolnurse.C.Makeanappointmentwiththecoach.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhydoesGeorgeseemtobeintrouble?A.Hehasmissedagoodopportunity.B.Heisinadilemmaofajobdecision.C.Heisunwillingtoworkasanengineer.15.WhatisGeorgenow?A.Acompanymanager.B.Acollegeteacher.C.Acomputerengineer.16.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Georgeshouldacceptthejoboffer.B.Georgeshouldspendtimewiththefamily.C.Georgeshouldcontinuehisworkincollege.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wherewilltheexhibitionbeheld?A.Inthelibrary.B.IntheQueen’spark.C.IntheRoyalGallery.18.Howlongwilltheexhibitionrun?A.About2months.B.About4months.C.About5months.19.WhatwillCynthiaCoursetalkaboutintheexhibition?A.Hercoloredstones.B.Hersilverjewelry.C.Herpapersculpture.20.Whatcanvisitorsdoattheexhibition?ALearntomakevarioussculptures.B.TryonamazingSusanCup’sshoes.C.Purchasetheartworkstheyadmire.第二部分：閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AVISITTHERIJKSMUSEUMSOMUCHFINEARTINONEPLACE.SPENTALLDAYTHEREANDSTILLDIDN’TSEEITALL!REALLYIMPRESSIVEANDDEFINITELYAMUSTVISITINAMSTERDAM.?DOWNTOWNAMSTERDAMTheRijksmuseumranksamongtheworld’smostfamousmuseumsforthefameofthemasterpiecesinitscollection.LikeTheMilkmaidbyVermeer,Self-portraitbyVanGogh,TheMerryFamilybyJanSteenandRembrandt’sNightWatch.Butsomanyotherpiecesinthecollectioncouldtakeyoubysurpriseandcaptureyourimagination.Nomatterhowoldyouare,orwhereyou’refrom,you’lldiscoversomethingnewattheRijksmuseum.ABSOLUTELYBEAUTIFUL.THEART,THEGROUNDSANDTHEAUDIOTOURAREWONDERFUL.IFYOU’REINAMSTERDAM,DON’TMISSTHIS.?SEEANDDOThere’ssomethingforeveryoneattheRijksmuseum.Fromguidedtourstofamilygames,workshopsandtheatreprogrammes.Ifyou’revisitingforthefirsttime,howabouttakingThebestoftheRijksmuseumtour?Duringschoolholidays,wearrangespecialactivitiesforyoungpeople,likeanEscapeGame.Daily9to17hFunforkidsfromage4PRICESAdults:Freeforages18andunderFreeforFriendsSTARTTIMEAvisitstartswithastarttime.Youcanbookonehere.Youcanbookonehere.OnlyFriendsofthemuseumcancomewhentheywantwithoutmakingabooking.CASHLESSInthewholemuseumyoucanonlypaywithyourfavouritedigitalpaymentmethodorcreditcard.Thisappliestoallshopsandcateringoutlets.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelwebsite. B.Asciencemagazine.C.Abusinessnewspaper. D.Ageographicalencyclopedia.2.WhatmakestheRijksmuseumstandoutamongthemuseumsintheworld?A.Theserviceofthemuseum.B.Thevarietyofculturalactivities.C.Theapplianceofdigitalpayment.D.Thecollectionofsuperbartworks.3.What’sthesuggestionfornewvisitorstothemuseum?A.Enjoytherichtheatreprogrammes.B.ParticipateinathrillingEscapeGame.C.Takeaguidedtourinsearchofthebest.DVisitdifferentworkshopsinthemuseum.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹阿姆斯特丹的Rijksmuseum博物館?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“VISITTHERIJKSMUSEUM”(參觀帝國(guó)博物館)可知，這是一篇有關(guān)Rijksmuseum博物館旅游的相關(guān)信息，所以這篇文章應(yīng)該是來(lái)源于旅游網(wǎng)頁(yè)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheRijksmuseumranksamongtheworld’smostfamousmuseumsforthefameofthemasterpiecesinitscollection.”(Rijksmuseum博物館因其收藏的杰作而躋身于世界上最著名的博物館之列。)可知，Rijksmuseum博物館因其收藏的杰作而有名。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyou’revisitingforthefirsttime,howabouttakingThebestoftheRijksmuseumtour?”(如果你是第一次來(lái)參觀，那么使用參觀最佳Rijksmuseum博物館旅行怎么樣？)可知，如果你是第一次來(lái)參觀，可以帶導(dǎo)游去尋找博物館最好地方。故選C。BImajorinMechanicalEngineeringandPoliticalScience.WhensomeonehearswhatIstudy,I’musuallymeantwithtworeactions.Firstupisasmallsmilewiththeword“overachiever”onthetipoftheirtongue.Thesecondisalookofconfusion,followedbyanexaggerated(夸張的)“why?”.Theshortanswer:Iwanttobeaproblemsolver,andengineeringteachesmehowtobecomethattypeofperson.Inaddition,Ialsowanttobeabletolookatthebiggerpicture.It’sthebeginningofanewyear,andalotoffirst-yearshaveplansfordoubleortriplemajors.However,asmostofusquicklyrealizeafterthatfirstfallsemester,collegeisalot!Weareunavoidablyforcedtomakechoices-dowekeeptryingtomakeourdoubleortriplemajorsworkordowecompletelyswitchgears?ThethingIwishedsomeonetoldmeondayoneisifyou’repassionateaboutsomething,it’snotgoingtofeellikework.PoliticalSciencecanbechallenging,buttome,it’sfuntoreadtheConstitution(憲法)andseetheimpacteachwordhasonourinterpretation.Thismaysoundhardtoaccept,butifyouaredoubleortriplemajoringbecauseyouthinkyou’reinaracewithyourpeers,you’reonlyrunningyourselfintotheground.Don’tdoubleortriplemajorifyouaredoingitforamarkonyourresume(簡(jiǎn)歷),becausethenyourlifewillbealivinghellforthenextfouryears.Whatisgoingtomakeyouimpressiveisthepassionthatyouhave-whetheritbeinyourstudy,career,orsomethingelseyourcareerandstudywillenableyoutodo.Alwaysthinkaboutyour“why”whenitcomestothescheduleadoubleortriplemajorentails.Becauseattheendoftheday,it’sgoingtobeyoudoingthehomework-sotrytoenjoywhatyou’redoingalongtherideforwhatit’sworth.4.Howdopeopletendtofeelaboutthewriter’smajors?A.Impressedorpuzzled. B.Ashamedorchallenged.C.Satisfiedorconfused. D.Amazedorconcerned.5.WhatenablesthewritertoenjoylearningPoliticalScience?A.ThevalueofstudyingtheConstitution.BTheinfluenceoflearningengineering.C.Hiscareerplanningforthefuture.D.Hisenthusiasmforthemajor.6.Accordingtotheauthor,whatcausesmultiplemajors’hardsituationincollege?A.Adjustingthescheduleformajorsconstantly.B.Pursuingmultiplemajorsoutofcompetitivemotivation.C.Makingrandomchoiceswithoutsufficientconsideration.D.Estimatingthedifficultyofmultiplemajoringinaccurately.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Topromotetheconceptofmultiplemajoring.B.Toexplainthereasonsforchoosingadoublemajor.C.Tocomparethegainsandlossesofmultiplemajoring.D.Tostressthesignificanceofpassioninmultiplemajoring.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是議論文。文章主要講述大學(xué)生不要盲目為了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而選擇多個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)，一定要是因?yàn)闊崆楹图で椴湃ミx擇多個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhensomeonehearswhatIstudy,I’musuallymeantwithtworeactions.Firstupisasmallsmilewiththeword“overachiever”onthetipoftheirtongue.Thesecondisalookofconfusion,followedbyanexaggerated(夸張的)“why?”.”(當(dāng)有人聽(tīng)到我學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容時(shí)，我通常會(huì)有兩種反應(yīng)。首先是一個(gè)小小的微笑并且說(shuō)“太有成就了”。第二種是困惑的表情，接著是夸張的“為什么？”。)可知，當(dāng)人們聽(tīng)到作者的專(zhuān)業(yè)時(shí)，有的會(huì)很佩服，有的是很困惑。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“PoliticalSciencecanbechallenging,buttome,it’sfuntoreadtheConstitution(憲法)andseetheimpacteachwordhasonourinterpretation.”(政治學(xué)可能具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，閱讀《憲法》，看看每一個(gè)字對(duì)我們的解釋有什么影響是很有趣的。)和第三段“Whatisgoingtomakeyouimpressiveisthepassionthatyouhave-whetheritbeinyourstudy,career,orsomethingelseyourcareerandstudywillenableyoutodo.”(讓你印象深刻的是你所擁有的激情——無(wú)論是在你的學(xué)習(xí)、職業(yè)生涯中，還是在你的職業(yè)和學(xué)習(xí)將使你能夠做的其他事情中。)可知，是熱情和激情使得作者喜歡學(xué)習(xí)政治學(xué)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thismaysoundhardtoaccept,butifyouaredoubleortriplemajoringbecauseyouthinkyou’reinaracewithyourpeers,you’reonlyrunningyourselfintotheground.Don’tdoubleortriplemajorifyouaredoingitforamarkonyourresume(簡(jiǎn)歷),becausethenyourlifewillbealivinghellforthenextfouryears.”(這聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能很難接受，但如果你是雙主修或三主修，因?yàn)槟阏J(rèn)為你在與同齡人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，你只是把自己撞到地上。如果你是為了簡(jiǎn)歷上的一個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)而選擇雙主修或三主修，那么你的生活在接下來(lái)的四年里將是一個(gè)地獄。)可知，在作者看來(lái)，選擇多個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)讓大學(xué)生們處在糟糕的狀況的原因是，他們只是為了在跟同齡人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)才選擇多個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whatisgoingtomakeyouimpressiveisthepassionthatyouhave-whetheritbeinyourstudy,career,orsomethingelseyourcareerandstudywillenableyoutodo.”(讓你印象深刻的是你所擁有的激情——無(wú)論是在你的學(xué)習(xí)、職業(yè)生涯中，還是在你的職業(yè)和學(xué)習(xí)將使你能夠做的其他事情中。)和最后一段“Alwaysthinkaboutyour“why”whenitcomestothescheduleadoubleortriplemajorentails.Becauseattheendoftheday,it’sgoingtobeyoudoingthehomework-sotrytoenjoywhatyou’redoingalongtherideforwhatit’sworth.”(當(dāng)涉及到一個(gè)雙主修或三主修課程的時(shí)間表時(shí)，一定要考慮你的“為什么”。因?yàn)樵谝惶旖Y(jié)束的時(shí)候，是你自己在做家庭作業(yè)，所以試著享受你在旅途中所做的一切，因?yàn)樗侵档玫摹?可知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是在建議人們要帶著激情去選擇專(zhuān)業(yè)，強(qiáng)調(diào)激情在多專(zhuān)業(yè)中的重要性。故選D。CBrazilianartistNéleAzevedoisbestknownforbigpublicartpieces.Theartistcarveshundredsof20-centimeter-tallicefiguresseatedwiththeiranklescrossedandplacesthematopoutdoorstepsandputsthemincitysquaresallovertheworld,wheretheyquicklymelt.Thefacelesssculpturesdripandpoolintosmallpuddlesastimepasses.Herworkshavebeenadoptedbyenvironmentalistsasakindofactivistartagainstclimatechange.Butisit?Yesand(mostly)no.Themassofmeltingbodiesmakesanaturalconnectiontothethreathumankindfacesduetorisingglobaltemperatures.“Itscloselinkwiththatsubjectisevident,”saidtheartist.Inadditiontothethreatofglobalwarmingitself,thesheernumberofsculpturessittingtogetheralsocallsattentiontothefactthatwehumansareallinittogether.“Suchkindofthreatsalsofinallyputmaninhisplace,hisfateisalongwiththedestinyoftheplanet,andheisnotthe‘king’ofnature,butanessentialelementofit,”continuesAzevedoonherwebsite.“Itookeverycharacteristicoftraditionalmonumentsandmadetheopposite,”shesays.“Imadesmallfiguresthatsitonthefloor.Itdoesn’thonoranybody.Itdoeshonortheunknown.”Azevedoexplains,“Inafew-minuteaction,therulesofthemonumentareinverted:intheplaceofthehero,theunknown;intheplaceofthesolidityofthestone,themomentaryprocessoftheice;intheplaceofthemonumentsize,theminimumsizeoftheperishable(易毀壞的)bodies.”O(jiān)riginallyAzevedowantedherarttogetpeoplethinkingaboutimpermanence,andthesightoficetransformingintoapuddleofwatercertainlydoesthatbrilliantly.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutNéleAzevedo’sartworks?A.Theyareputinpublicplacesforartiststoappreciate.B.Theyareadoptedasawayofshowingartistictalents.C.Theyarelinkedwiththethreatofclimatechange.D.Theyareconsideredasasymbolofunity.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheword“inverted”inparagraph5?A.kepttrackof B.turnedupsidedownC.laidemphasison D.takenintoaccount10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesquareshowfromthelastparagraph?A.Itispermanentbynature.B.Itlackspracticalinfluence.C.Ittakeslongtoseetheresults.D.Itconveystheartist’sexactintention.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PublicInterestinContemporaryArtB.IceFiguresTransformingintoWaterC.ResponsibilityDemandedofActivistArtistsD.MiniSculpturesEchoingtheClimateCrisis【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了巴西藝術(shù)家NéleAzevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被視作一種對(duì)抗氣候變化的藝術(shù)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Herworkshavebeenadoptedbyenvironmentalistsasakindofactivistartagainstclimatechange.(她的作品被環(huán)保主義者奉為一種對(duì)抗氣候變化的激進(jìn)藝術(shù)。)”可知，她的作品與氣候變化的威脅有關(guān)。故選C。【9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段的“Itookeverycharacteristicoftraditionalmonumentsandmadetheopposite(我利用了傳統(tǒng)紀(jì)念碑的每一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，并做了相反的東西)”和第五段的“intheplaceofthehero,theunknown;intheplaceofthesolidityofthestone,themomentaryprocessoftheice;intheplaceofthemonumentsize,theminimumsizeoftheperishable(易毀壞的)bodies(代替英雄的，是無(wú)名之人；在石頭堅(jiān)固的地方，冰的瞬間變化；在放置紀(jì)念碑的地方，是最小尺寸的易腐尸體)”可知，紀(jì)念碑規(guī)則被顛倒了，劃線詞inverted的意思是“顛倒的”，和turnedupsidedown意思相近，故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“OriginallyAzevedowantedherarttogetpeoplethinkingaboutimpermanence,andthesightoficetransformingintoapuddleofwatercertainlydoesthatbrilliantly.(最初，Azevedo希望她的藝術(shù)作品能讓人們思考無(wú)常，而冰變成水坑的景象無(wú)疑出色地做到了這一點(diǎn)。)”可知，她在廣場(chǎng)上展示的作品傳達(dá)了這位藝術(shù)家的確切意圖，也就是讓人們思考。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Theartistcarveshundredsof20-centimeter-tallicefiguresseatedwiththeiranklescrossedandplacesthematopoutdoorstepsandputsthemincitysquaresallovertheworld,wheretheyquicklymelt.Thefacelesssculpturesdripandpoolintosmallpuddlesastimepasses.Herworkshavebeenadoptedbyenvironmentalistsasakindofactivistartagainstclimatechange.(這位藝術(shù)家雕刻了數(shù)百個(gè)20厘米高、腳踝交叉坐在一起的冰人，把它們放在戶(hù)外臺(tái)階上，放在世界各地的城市廣場(chǎng)上，它們很快就會(huì)融化。隨著時(shí)間的推移，這些沒(méi)有面孔的雕塑滴入小水坑。她的作品被環(huán)保主義者奉為一種對(duì)抗氣候變化的激進(jìn)藝術(shù)。)”可知，本文主要講的是巴西藝術(shù)家NéleAzevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被視作一種對(duì)抗氣候變化的藝術(shù)，因此最好的題目是B選項(xiàng)“IceFiguresTransformingintoWater(冰人變成水)”。故選B。DLivinginacityisawell-knownriskfactorfordevelopingamentaldisorder,whilelivingclosetonatureislargelybeneficialformentalhealthandthebrain.Acentralbrainregion,theamygdala(大腦杏仁核)involvedinstressprocessing,hasbeenshowntobelessactivatedduringstressinpeoplelivinginruralareas,comparedtothosewholiveincities,hintingatthepotentialbenefitsofnature.“Butsofarthehen-and-eggproblemcouldnotberesolved,namelywhethernatureactuallycausedtheeffectsinthebrainorwhethertheparticularindividualschosetoliveinruralorurbanregions,”saysSonjaSudimac.Toachievecausalevidence,theresearchersfromthegroupexaminedbrainactivityinregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingin63healthyvolunteersbeforeandafteraone-hourwalkinGrunewaldforestorashoppingstreetwithtrafficinBerlin.Theresultsrevealedthatactivityintheamygdaladecreasedafterthewalkinnature,suggestingthatnatureelicitsbeneficialeffectsonbrainregionsrelatedtostress.“Theresultssupportthepreviouslyassumedpositiverelationshipbetweennatureandbrainhealth,butthisisthefirststudytoprovethecausallink.Interestingly,thebrainactivityaftertheurbanwalkintheseregionsremainedstableandshowednoincreases,whicharguesagainstacommonlyheldviewthaturbanexposurecausesadditionalstress,”explainsSimoneKühn,headofthegroup.Theauthorsshowthatnaturehasapositiveimpactonbrainregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingandthatitcanalreadybeobservedafteraone-hourwalk.Thiscontributestotheunderstandingofhowourphysicallivingenvironmentaffectsbrainandmentalhealth.Evenashortexposuretonaturedecreasesamygdalaactivity,suggestingthatawalkinnaturecouldserveasapreventivemeasureagainstdevelopingmentalhealthproblemsandreducingthepotentiallydisadvantageousimpactofthecityonthebrain.Inordertoinvestigatebeneficialeffectsofnatureindifferentpopulationsandagegroups,theresearchersarecurrentlyworkingonastudyexamininghowaone-hourwalkinnaturalversusurbanenvironmentsimpactsstressinmothersandtheirbabies.12.Whatdoesthehen-and-eggproblemmeanbySonjaSudimac?A.Livinginruralareasactuallyaffectsbrainactivity.B.Peopleincitiestendtohaveahigherriskofmentalproblems.C.It’sunnecessarytoworkoutthecomplexissueofstressandhealth.D.It’shardtoclarifytheimpactoflivingenvironmentonmentalhealth.13.Howdidresearcherscollectevidenceforthestudy?A.Byquotingauthoritativeexperts.B.Byinterviewinghealthyvolunteers.C.Byresearchingonaprevioustheory.D.Bycomparingvolunteers’amygdalaactivities.14.WhatcontributiondidSimoneKühnandhisteammainlymake?A.Confirmingtheassumptionofnature’sbenefitstobrainhealth.B.Supportingacommonlyheldviewofurbanexposure.C.Revealingthelinkbetweenageandmentalhealth.D.Identifyingthecausesofmentalhealthproblems.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Benefitsofaregularwalkinnature.B.Thefocusofthefollow-upresearch.C.Anappealforlivinginurbanregions.D.Nature’spositiveeffectsonwomenandchildren.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了自然對(duì)人大腦產(chǎn)生的影響?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Butsofarthehen-and-eggproblemcouldnotberesolved,namelywhethernatureactuallycausedtheeffectsinthebrainorwhethertheparticularindividualschosetoliveinruralorurbanregions(但是到目前為止，母雞和蛋的問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有得到解決，也就是說(shuō)，到底是大自然對(duì)大腦產(chǎn)生了影響，還是特定的個(gè)體選擇生活在農(nóng)村還是城市地區(qū))”可知，SonjaSudimac的“母雞和雞蛋的問(wèn)題”意味著生活環(huán)境對(duì)精神健康的影響很難說(shuō)清楚。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Toachievecausalevidence,theresearchersfromthegroupexaminedbrainactivityinregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingin63healthyvolunteersbeforeandafteraone-hourwalkinGrunewaldforestorashoppingstreetwithtrafficinBerlin.(為了獲得因果證據(jù)，該小組的研究人員對(duì)63名健康志愿者在格魯內(nèi)瓦爾德森林或柏林交通繁忙的購(gòu)物街散步一小時(shí)前后的大腦活動(dòng)進(jìn)行了檢查)”可知，研究人員通過(guò)比較志愿者的杏仁核活動(dòng)來(lái)為這項(xiàng)研究收集證據(jù)。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresultssupportthepreviouslyassumedpositiverelationshipbetweennatureandbrainhealth,butthisisthefirststudytoprovethecausallink.(研究結(jié)果支持了之前假設(shè)的自然和大腦健康之間的正相關(guān)關(guān)系，但這是首次證明因果關(guān)系的研究)”可知，SimoneKühn和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)的主要貢獻(xiàn)是證實(shí)了自然對(duì)大腦健康有益的假設(shè)。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inordertoinvestigatebeneficialeffectsofnatureindifferentpopulationsandagegroups,theresearchersarecurrentlyworkingonastudyexamininghowaone-hourwalkinnaturalversusurbanenvironmentsimpactsstressinmothersandtheirbabies.(為了調(diào)查自然對(duì)不同人群和年齡組的有益影響，研究人員目前正在進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)研究，研究在自然環(huán)境和城市環(huán)境中散步一小時(shí)對(duì)母親和嬰兒的壓力有何影響)”可知，最后一段主要講的是后續(xù)研究的重點(diǎn)。故選B。第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Medicineisadegreethatconsistsofanendlessnumberofexams,andrecentlyIreceivedmyfirstyearresults.Waitingforthoseresultswasoneofthemostanxiety-generatingexperiences.____16____Failingbringsjudgementfromothers,atopicofdiscussionforpeople,andtherightforotherstosayyouarenotcapable.Thestressassociatedwithfailingiscreatedbyothersaroundyou,ratherthanbytheeventitself.IhaverecentlybeenreadingThePsychologyofMoneybyMorganHousel,whichclarifiesthatfailurehasastrongpresenceamongthosewhohaveachievedsuccess.PeoplewillalwaysfocusonWarrenBuffett’ssuccessasaninvestor.____17____Theprocessofachievingsuccesshasofteninvolvedsetbacksand“failures”alongtheway.Ireceiveda“pass”gradeonanimportantresearchpaperduringmymaster’s,whichputmyfinalgradeinadangeroussituation.IwasrejectedfrommedicalschoolswhichI’dspenttimeandeffortapplyingtoandpreparingfor.____18____IalsobeganstudyingMedicinelastyear.____19____Butyoushouldknowthatwitheachfailureyouareclosertosuccess,buildingfurtherlayerstothefoundationsyoustarted.Behindeverysuccessfulpersonaremoreobstaclesandsetbacks,butthesearenotasinterestingtofocusonorasenviable.Thenoisearoundyou,whetheritbefromco-workers,friendsorparents,shouldnotshakeyourbeliefinyourabilities.____20____Learnwhatyouneedandcorrectyourapproachuntilyoureachyoursuccess.A.Failureisyourplatformtosuccess.B.Youareguaranteedalifetimeofsuccess.C.Iwasturneddownbycountlessgraduateschemes.D.Youmaynotbesuccessfulthefirst,secondorhowevermanytimes.E.UponreflectionIbelievethatthisispartlyasaresultofthefailureitself.F.Despiteallofthis,Iendedupgettingadistinctioninmymaster’sdegree.G.However,rarelywilltheyseehowmanytimeshisinvestmentshavefailed.【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.D20.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是議論文。文章主要講述失敗不可怕，反而是通往成功的平臺(tái)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Waitingforthoseresultswasoneofthemostanxiety-generatingexperiences.”（等待這些結(jié)果是最容易產(chǎn)生焦慮的經(jīng)歷之一）和下文“Failingbringsjudgementfromothers,atopicofdiscussionforpeople,andtherightforotherstosayyouarenotcapable.”（失敗會(huì)帶來(lái)別人的評(píng)判，成為人們討論的話題，也會(huì)讓別人有權(quán)說(shuō)你沒(méi)有能力）可知，上文提到等待結(jié)果的過(guò)程是很讓人焦慮的，原因應(yīng)該是害怕會(huì)有失敗的結(jié)果，下文分析了失敗會(huì)帶來(lái)什么樣的結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)E“經(jīng)過(guò)反思，我認(rèn)為這部分是失敗本身的結(jié)果”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“PeoplewillalwaysfocusonWarrenBuffett’ssuccessasaninvestor.”（人們將永遠(yuǎn)關(guān)注沃倫·巴菲特作為投資者的成功）推知，接下來(lái)要提出巴菲特也有投資失敗的時(shí)候。選項(xiàng)G“然而，他們很少會(huì)看到他的投資失敗了多少次”符合題意，選項(xiàng)中的They指代上文的People。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“IwasrejectedfrommedicalschoolswhichI’dspenttimeandeffortapplyingtoandpreparingfor.”（我被醫(yī)學(xué)院拒絕了，我花了很多的時(shí)間和精力去申請(qǐng)和準(zhǔn)備這些醫(yī)學(xué)院）和下文“IalsobeganstudyingMedicinelastyear.”（我去年還開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)了）可知，上文提到作者曾經(jīng)的失敗經(jīng)歷，下文提到他成功開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)，所以中間應(yīng)該提到過(guò)渡：雖然以前失敗，但是后來(lái)還是成功了。選項(xiàng)F“盡管如此，我還是獲得了碩士學(xué)位”符合題意。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Butyoushouldknowthatwitheachfailureyouareclosertosuccess,buildingfurtherlayerstothefoundationsyoustarted.”（但你應(yīng)該知道，隨著每次失敗，你離成功更近了，在你開(kāi)始的基礎(chǔ)上再進(jìn)一步）中的but可知空格處要和這句話構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折。選項(xiàng)D“你可能第一次、第二次或無(wú)論多少次都不成功”符合題意，雖然失敗了很多次，但離成功更近。故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Learnwhatyouneedandcorrectyourapproachuntilyoureachyoursuccess.”（了解你需要什么，糾正你的方法，直到你取得成功）可知，這是在說(shuō)明學(xué)會(huì)從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)就會(huì)成功。選項(xiàng)A“失敗是你成功的平臺(tái)”符合題意。故選A。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)：完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ShaineKilyunwasscrollingthroughvideosonherphoneonenightinDecember2020.Suddenlyshe____21____avideoofdogsinwheelchairs.“That’sit!”shethought.Shainehadalwayslovedanimalsandvisitedlocalveterinary(獸醫(yī)的)clinicsoften.Shewasa____22____volunteerthere.ButShainecriedwhenshelearnedolderanddisabledanimalsareoftenkilledpainlesslybecausetheycan’twalkandrequireextra____23____.Now,asShainewatchedthedisableddogsinthevideomovingaroundintinywheelchairs____24____andfreely,herheartwasfilledwith____25____.“Icanmakewheelchairsforsenioranddisabledanimals!”shedecided.AsShaine____26____oncountlessvideosshowingwaystomaketinymobility“wheelies”foranimals,her____27____grew.Thenextday,Shaineheadedtothehardwarestoreand____28____somePVCpipes,foamandwheelsandbegan____29____withdesigns.Shetestedoutthecartsonherowndogandcats.____30____shefoundamodelthatworked,shereachedouttoveterinarianssheknew.SeeingCypress,adisabled7-month-oldpuppy,takeoffinherwheelie,Shainebecameevenmore____31____toherproject.ShepostedpicturesofhercartsonInstagram,andsoonordersstartedcomingin.Shaineasksforafew____32____oftheanimalsandthencustom-makeseachwheelchairforthefurryfriends.Sheacceptsjustenoughmoneyto____33____costs.“I’mso____34____thatIamabletofillaneed,”saystheindustriousgirl,“Helpingdisabledpetsmeansthe____35____tome!”21.A.subscribedto B.cameacross C.checkedout D.reflectedon22.A.potential B.professional C.regular D.talented23.A.care B.duty C.recognition D.courage24.A.cautiously B.worriedly C.eagerly D.happily25.A.sympathy B.curiosity C.hope D.doubt26.A.carried B.clicked C.counted D.rested27.A.excitement B.pride C.relief D.shock28.A.produced B.bought C.arranged D.gathered29.A.comparing B.dealing C.consulting D.experimenting30.A.Before B.Once C.Unless D.Though31.A.accustomed B.attached C.committed D.submitted32.A.measurements B.comments C.expectations D.behaviors33.A.estimate B.reduce C.cover D.spread34.A.annoyed B.astonished C.touched D.pleased35.A.fortune B.world C.opportunity D.challenge【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.B31.C32.A33.C34.D35.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講了動(dòng)物愛(ài)心人士Shaine通過(guò)為殘疾動(dòng)物量身定做行走工具，而找到了成就感?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：突然，她看到了一段狗坐在輪椅上的視頻。A.subscribedto訂閱；B.cameacross無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.checkedout結(jié)賬離開(kāi)；D.reflectedon反省。根據(jù)下文“avideoofdogsinwheelchairs.“That’sit!”shethought”可知，她突然看到了一段狗坐在輪椅上的視頻，空格處是“無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她是那里的固定志愿者。A.potential潛在的；B.professional專(zhuān)業(yè)的；C.regular固定的；D.talented有天賦的。根據(jù)上文“visitedlocalveterinary(獸醫(yī)的)clinicsoften”可知，她是那里的固定志愿者。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她了解到年老和殘疾的動(dòng)物因?yàn)樗鼈儫o(wú)法行走，需要額外的照顧而通常會(huì)被無(wú)痛地殺死時(shí)，她哭了，A.care照顧；B.duty職責(zé)；C.recognition認(rèn)可；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)上文“theycan’twalk”可知，那些動(dòng)物因?yàn)椴荒茏呗匪孕枰~外的照顧。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)Shaine看著視頻中殘疾的狗在小輪椅上高興而自由地移動(dòng)時(shí)，她的心里充滿(mǎn)了希望。A.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；B.worriedly擔(dān)心地；C.eagerly急切地；D.happily高興地。根據(jù)上文“thedisableddogsinthevideomovingaroundintinywheelchairs”可知，殘疾的狗可以坐著輪椅移動(dòng)，所以應(yīng)該是感到很高興。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)Shaine看著視頻中殘疾的狗在小輪椅上快樂(lè)而自由地移動(dòng)時(shí)，她的心里充滿(mǎn)了希望。A.sympathy同情；B.curiosity好奇心；C.hope希望；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)下文“Icanmakewheelchairsforsenioranddisabledanimals”可知，Shaine覺(jué)得自己可以幫那些狗做輪椅，所以是心里充滿(mǎn)了希望。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Shaine點(diǎn)擊了無(wú)數(shù)視頻，展示如何為動(dòng)物制作微型移動(dòng)“輪車(chē)”時(shí)，她的興奮之情與日俱增。A.carried搬運(yùn)；B.clicked點(diǎn)擊；C.counted數(shù)數(shù)；D.rested休息。根據(jù)下文“oncountlessvideos”可知，她點(diǎn)擊視頻。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Shaine點(diǎn)擊了無(wú)數(shù)視頻，展示如何為動(dòng)物制作微型移動(dòng)“輪車(chē)”時(shí)，她的興奮之情與日俱增。A.excitement興奮；B.pride驕傲；C.relief寬慰，輕松；D.shock震驚。根據(jù)下文“Thenextday,Shaineheadedtothehardwarestoreand____8____somePVCpipes,foamandwheelsandbegan____9____withdesigns”可知，當(dāng)Shaine點(diǎn)擊了無(wú)數(shù)視頻，展示如何為動(dòng)物制作微型移動(dòng)“輪車(chē)”時(shí)，她的興奮之情與日俱增。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，Shaine去了五金店，買(mǎi)了一些PVC管、泡沫和輪子，開(kāi)始試驗(yàn)各種設(shè)計(jì)。A.produced生產(chǎn)；B.bought買(mǎi)；C.arranged安排；D.gathered聚集。根據(jù)上文“Shaineheadedtothehardwarestore”可知，Shaine在店里買(mǎi)了些東西。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，Shaine去了五金店，買(mǎi)了一些PVC管、泡沫和輪子，開(kāi)始試驗(yàn)各種設(shè)計(jì)。A.comparing比較；B.dealing處理；C.consulting咨詢(xún)；D.experimenting做實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)下文“Shetestedoutthecarts”可知，她試驗(yàn)各種設(shè)計(jì)。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦她找到一個(gè)有效的模型，她就聯(lián)系她認(rèn)識(shí)的獸醫(yī)。A.Before在……之前；B.Once一旦；C.Unless除非；D.Though雖然。根據(jù)下文“shefoundamodelthatworked,shereachedouttoveterinarians”可知，一旦她找到一個(gè)有效的模型，她就聯(lián)系她認(rèn)識(shí)的獸醫(yī)。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看到一只7個(gè)月大的殘疾小狗Cypress坐著輪椅起飛