第十二節(jié)名詞性從句講義-高三英語一輪復習

第十二節(jié)名詞性從句〔真題演練〕1.[2022浙江1月]Cobb,forherpart,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeakwhether/ifshecoulddosoremotely;aboutthreequartersofthetime,theyagreed.2.[2021全國新高考Ⅰ]issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheoutofthisworldscenes.3.[2020浙江7月]Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlessonwhatcouldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild，andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.4.[2020江蘇]Itisnotaproblemwhether/ifwecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.5.（經典高考）Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidencethattheyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.〔必備知識〕考點一主語從句連接詞從屬連詞that,whether,if只起連接作用，不在從句中作成分，但一般不可省略。if不可以引導位于句首的主語從句。Whetherhewillattendthemeetingisunknown.他是否會參加會議還不知道。連接代詞what,who,whose,which,whatever,whichever,whoever等who（ever）和what（ever）在從句中作主語、賓語或表語；which（ever）一般在從句中作主語、賓語；what,which,whose可在從句中作定語。Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.你的支持對我們的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都會有所幫助。連接副詞how,when,where,why,whenever，wherever等在從句中作狀語。Whenshe’llbebackdependsmuchontheweather.她何時回來主要取決于天氣。it作形式主語①It＋系動詞＋形容詞（necessary/likely/important/certain等）＋that從句②It＋系動詞＋名詞（短語）（apity/ashame/nowonder等）＋that從句③It＋be＋過去分詞（said/told/reported等）＋that從句④It＋特殊動詞（短語）（occurto/happentosb....）＋that從句Itoccurredtohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.他突然想到，第二天上午他有一個重要的會議要參加。考點二賓語從句連接詞從屬連詞that,whether,ifThegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowhoeverwinsfirstplaceinthebicyclerace.這塊金牌將頒發(fā)給這場自行車比賽中獲得第一名的人。連接代詞what,who,whose,which,whatever,whichever,whoever等連接副詞how,when,where,why,wherever,whenever等it作形式賓語①動詞（find/feel/think/consider/make等）＋it＋賓補（形容詞或名詞）＋that從句IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.寫日記成了我的習慣。②動詞（hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy等）＋it＋從句Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.我討厭人們嘴里滿是食物時說話。③動詞短語（seeto/dependon/relyon等）＋it＋that從句Wemustseetoitthatallpeopleareequalbeforethelaw.我們必須確保法律面前人人平等。④固定搭配（takeitforgranted/oweittosb.等）+that從句Itakeitforgrantedthathewillsucceed.我認為他會成功是理所當然的?？键c三表語從句連接詞從屬連詞that,whetherThisiswhatmyfatherhastaughtme—alwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.這是我父親教我的——總是要面對困難并寄予最大的希望。連接代詞what,who,whose,which,whatever,whichever,whoever等連接副詞how,when,where,why,wherever,whenever等asif/asthoughasif/asthough意為“好像,仿佛”,引導的表語從句常跟在系動詞（be,seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel,smell等）之后。若表語從句所述的是與客觀事實相反的情況,從句常用虛擬語氣;若所述的是事實或是極可能發(fā)生的情況,從句常用陳述語氣。Atthattime,itseemedasthoughIcouldn’tthinkoftherightword.當時，我似乎怎么也想不出一個恰當的字眼來。becauseThis/That/Itis+because引導的表語從句意為“這/那是因為……”，表示原因。Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecauseaboutseventyonepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.從太空中看,地球看起來是藍色的。這是因為約百分之七十一的地球表面都被水覆蓋著?？键c四同位語從句連接詞同位語從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語,一般位于該名詞之后,說明該名詞的具體內容。其連接詞主要有that,whether,why,who,where,how,when等。在同位語從句中,that和whether不作句子成分,that無實際意義,whether表示“是否”；其他連接詞具有實義，同時在同位語從句中作一定成分。引導同位語從句的連接詞一般都不省略。Themanagerputsforwardasuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.經理提出了一個建議——我們應該有個助手。有太多的工作要做。常跟同位語從句的名詞advice,fact,doubt,suggestion,hope,demand,conclusion,idea,news,order,request,thought,word,wish,promise,truth,information,message,belief,report,desire,problem,possibility等。易錯提示1.that和what引導的名詞性從句的區(qū)別that引導名詞性從句時，在從句中不充當任何成分，也沒有任何含義；而what引導名詞性從句時，在從句中充當一定的句子成分，有實際含義。It’sashamethathehasmadesuchamistake.真遺憾，他犯了這樣一個錯誤。IwilldowhatIcan（do）tohelphim.我將盡我所能來幫助他。2.whether和if引導的名詞性從句的區(qū)別（1）whether引導的主語從句既可放在句首，也可放在句末，但if引導的主語從句只能放在句末，且前面需用it作形式主語。Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.這是否真實依然是個問題。Itisunknownifhewillattendthemeeting.他是否會參加會議還不清楚。（2）whether和if引導賓語從句時，大多數情況下可以互換，但是如果直接與ornot連用或用于介詞后時，只能用whether。Wedon’tknowwhetherornotshewasready.我們不知道她是否準備好了。I’minterestedinwhetheryou’vefinishedthework.我對你是否完成了這項工作感興趣。（3）whether可引導表語從句和同位語從句，而if不可以。Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.問題是它是否值得去做。Heoftenaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.他經常問我這項工作是否值得去做的問題?！布记牲c撥〕典例1ThestudentpletedthisexperimenttomakewhatProfessorJosephhadsaidetrue.典例2However,thereareproblems.Thebiggestoneisthattherearenotenoughlowpriceditems.〔分層特訓〕Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.[2022廣東廣州綜合測試三]Itwasn’tuntilIwasinmythirties,whileteachingmyyoungsonthebasicsofcooking,thatIrealizedwhathadhappened.2.[2022江蘇泰州高三四調]WhatfollowedwastirelessworkbyShiandhisteam,plantingseveralspeciesofdroughtenduringtreesoversand.3.[2022河北衡水中學二調]Itishopedthatthenewdigitalizedtechnologieswillfacilitatethe“rebirth”oftheculturalrelics,andbringthemtomoreplacesworldwide.4.[2022江蘇鎮(zhèn)江高三期末]Heoncesaid,“Yesterdayishistory.Tomorrowisamystery.Todayisagift.Thatiswhyit’scalledthepresent.”5.[2022安徽黃山高三質檢]Whoeverfinisheswithintheshortesttimewins.6.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryoupayincashorbycreditcardinthisstore.7.Asadiplomat，heoftenthinksofhowhecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.8.Thatfashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.9.Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidencethatplasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.10.Somepeoplewhoseintentionistomakebigmoneyappreciatebeinggivenanychancetomultiplytheirine,believingthisiswheretheirhappinesslies.Ⅱ.語法填空[2022江蘇鹽城市高級實驗中學高三全真模擬二]ACanadiansareextremelyenthusiasticaboutrenewableenergy,andpublicopinionis1clearly（clear）movingtowardsacleanenergyvisionforthefuture.Butwhenyoulookatthelatestpolls,therearestillsomemajorobstaclestoaggressiveclimateaction.You’veprobablyheardthatmostCanadianswantgovernmentstodomoreonclimate.That’swhattwothirdsofthepublictellpollsterswhen2asked（ask）.Butthesametwothirdswilltellyouthey’reprettysatisfiedandthinkthatCanadaisdoingadecentjobdealing3withclimatechange.It’snotbecauseCanadiansaren’tworried.Threequartersofthepublicareconcernedandthelevelofworryisrising—halfofusnowdescribeclimatechangeasa“veryseriousthreat”.Butmostpeoplethinkwe’realreadypulling4our（we）weight.Just25percentofCanadiansthinkwe’redoinglessthanour“fairshare”.Oneofthereally5worrying（worry）trendsinpublicopinionisthenumberofpeoplewhothinktacklingclimatechangeisalreadyalostcause.Abouthalfthepublicthinkwewon’tbeabletolimitclimateimpacts“beforeit’stoolate.”Just35percenthave6confidence（confident）ingovernments’creatingpoliciestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Andanotherbigobstacleis7thatthemajoritydoesn’tyethaveamentalpictureofthepossiblepathwaysforward.8Butthereisgoodnewsinthelatestpublicresearch.Canadians’visionofthefutureisshiftingrapidly.Thereis9massive（mass）supportforrenewableenergy,acrossalldemographicsandacrosspartylines.Meanwhile,supportforfossilfuelexpansion10isdecreasing（decrease）atpresent.B（原創(chuàng)題）TheMinistryofEducationhaslaunchednewguidelinestorelievestudents’burden.Theministryin2021gavedetailed11suggestions（suggestion）onwhenstudentsshouldgotobedtoensuresufficientsleep.Teachersshouldcontroltheamountofhomework12assigned（assign）tostudentstomakesuretheycanfinishhomeworkatschool.Studentsdon’tneedtoetoschoolearlyandtheyhaveacertainamountofnaptimeatschool.Anothernewpolicyre