福建省龍巖市一級校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題（原卷版）

龍巖市2023~2024年第一學期期末高二教學質量檢查英語試題(考試時間：120分鐘滿分：150分)注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、座號、考生號、縣區(qū)和科類填寫在答題卡和試卷規(guī)定的位置上。2.第I卷每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。3.第II卷必須用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內相應的位置，不能寫在試卷上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、膠帶紙、修正帶。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。第I卷選擇題(共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。1.Whatistheoriginalpriceofthebag?A.$145.B.$170.C.$200.2.Wherewillthemanprobablygofirst?A.Toahospital.B.Toapostoffice.C.Toasupermarket.3.Whattransportationdoesthemansuggestthewomantake?A.Thebus.B.Thetaxi.C.Thesubway.4.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthenewpolicies?A.Disapproving.B.Anxious.C.Supportive.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anaturaldisaster.B.Newstandards.C.Abuilding.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.WhatisLyon’skeydemandforanapartment?A.Therent.B.Thelocation.C.Theequipment.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Lookforanewjob.B.Ridetoworkeveryday.C.FindinformationontheInternet.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.WhatwillthemandonextFriday?A.Goonabusinesstrip.B.Attendawedding.C.Createaschedule.9.WhatisDylanremindedtodointheend?A.Prepareforthefamilyevent.B.Upgradetheputersystem.C.Submitaformalrequest.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個小題。10.Whatisthewoman?A.Acook.B.Aninterviewer.C.Amusiclover.11.Howdoesthemanremendhisheadphones?A.Bygivinganexample.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bymakingaparison.12.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Takethetrain.C.Buyacooker.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.Whydoesthewomanplantoquit?A.Thepayisdissatisfactory.B.Themanagerishardtogetalongwith.C.Theworkloadistooheavy.14.Inwhichdepartmentdoesthewomanprobablyworknow?A.Accountingdepartment.B.Secretarydepartment.C.Legaldepartment.15.Whatwillthewomandofirstaftershequits?A.Studyabroad.B.Goonatrip.C.Restathomeforamonth.16.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthewoman’sdecision?AUnderstanding.B.Disappointed.C.Unconcerned.聽下面一段對話，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.HowistheweatheronMonday?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.18.WhatarethelistenersadvisedtodoonThursday?ACarryraincoatswiththem.B.Enjoyabeautifulsky.C.Takeanumbrellaatnight.19.Whichdayissuitableforoutdooractivities?A.Tuesday.B.Friday.C.Saturday.20.WhatisprobablyLisa?A.Ahostess.B.Aweatherwoman.C.Anadventurer.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AThispageprovidesinformationandguidanceabouthandsonlyCPRandCPRwithrescuebreathsforchildrenoveroneyearold.HandsonlyCPRTocarryoutachestpression(壓縮):Placetheheelofyourhandonthebreastboneatthecentreoftheperson’schest.Placeyourotherhandontopofyourfirsthandandinterlockyourfingers.Positionyourselfwithyourshouldersaboveyourhands.Usingyourbodyweight(notjustyourarms),pressstraightdownby56cm(22.5inches)ontheirchest.Keepingyourhandsontheirchest,releasethepressionandallowthechesttoreturntoitsoriginalposition.Repeatthesepressionsatarateof100to120timesperminuteuntilanambulancearrivesoryoubeeexhausted.CPRwithrescuebreathsForchildrenoveroneyearold:Openthechild’sairwaybyplacingonehandonthechild’sforeheadandgentlytiltingtheirheadbackandliftingthechin.Removeanyvisibleobstructionsfromthemouthandnose.Pinchtheirnose.Sealyourmouthovertheirmouthandblowsteadilyandfirmlyintotheirmouth,checkingthattheirchestrises.Givefiveinitialrescuebreaths.Placetheheelofonehandonthecenteroftheirchestandpushdownby5cm(abouttwoinches),whichisapproximatelyonethirdofthechestdiameter.Thequality(depth)ofchestpressionsisveryimportant.Usetwohandsifyoucan’tachieveadepthof5cmusingonehand.Afterevery30chestpressionsatarateof100to120perminute,givetwobreaths.Continuewithcyclesof30chestpressionsandtworescuebreathsuntiltheybegintorecoveroremergencyhelparrives.1.What’sthefirststepofCPRwithrescuebreathsforchildren?A.Toblowintotheirmouth. B.Todo30chestpressions.C.Toclearsomethingblockingtheairway. D.Topushhandsdownonthechestby5cm.2.WhatcriticalstepdothetwoCPRshaveinmon?A.Toapplychestpressionsproperly.B.Tocallanambulancefortreatment.C.Toputoneselfinaparticularposition.D.Toblowsteadilyandfirmlyintothemouth.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abusinessreport. B.Afashionmagazine.C.Anemergencybrochure. D.Atraveljournal.BI’m62nowandalwaysplannedtovolunteerwitholderpeoplewhenIretired.TherewassuchabiggapinthecareandsupportthisgenerationreceivesandIfoundthethoughtheartbreaking—nooneshouldhavetofeellonelyandstuckathome.Istartedvolunteeringthreeyearsago.Myteamofvolunteershavesetupsevengroupsinourtown.Wehostteapartiesforthoseaged75andolderwholiveontheirownandregularlyprovidesupport,friendshipandpanionshipforthemostisolated(孤獨的)olderpeopleinthemunity.Workingwithmyolderneighborsisrewarding.Toheartheirstoriesandthehardshipstheyhaveovereisinspiring.IfeellikeI’mmakingapositivedifferencetothelivesofolderpeoplebysharingmytimewiththem,helpingthemstayactiveandsocialandmakingcleartothemthattheyarevaluedbyourmunity.Asanareacoordinator(協(xié)調人),Ialsohelprecruit(招募)andmanagevolunteers,withoutwhomtheworkwouldbeimpossible.Somanygoaboveandbeyondwhat’sasked,offeringtime,energyandkindness,justbecausetheycare.I’vefoundenthusiasmfrompeoplemakingthelivesofourolderneighborsbetter,andtheyareaconstantsourceofinspirationforme.I’vemetamazingpeoplefromallwalksoflife.It’sthebestthingI’veeverdonethatenrichedmylife.Iwillkeepfocusingonreducinglonelinessandisolationamongtheelderlyandhelpingthemenjoytheoldagetheydeserve.4.Whatinspiredtheauthortobeginvolunteering?A.Lonelinessandisolation. B.Loveforvolunteeringwork.C.Lackofsocialsupportfortheold. D.Olderneighbors’panionship.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhervolunteeringwork?A.Itismeaningful. B.Itgivesherconfidence.C.Itischallenging. D.Itreducesherloneliness.6.Howcanwedescribetheauthor?A.Considerateandspecialized. B.Inspiringandthoughtful.C.Supportiveandinnovative. D.Caringandacmodating.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph4referto?A.Managers. B.Volunteers.C.Coordinators. D.Seniorneighbors.CWhenShakespearecalledagoodnight’srestthe“cureofhurtminds,”hewasreallyontosomething.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,“Mostdaysoreveryday”in2020,nearly15percentofAmericanadultshadtroublefallingasleepinthepreviousmonth.Soyou’realittlesleepy—nobigdeal,right?Wrong.A1999articleinthemedicaljournalTheLancetshowedanddecadesofresearchsuggestthat“sleepdebt”canhavesignificantharmfuleffectsonyourhealth.Happinessisthefirsttosuffer.Everyoneknowswhatitfeelsliketorunoninsufficient(不足的)sleep—youcanbefoggy,inattentive,andbadtempered.ApaperpublishedinthejournalHealthPsychologyin2020foundthattheparticipantswithoutenoughsleepexperiencedalesspositivemoodwhentheycameacrossquiteordinarystress,andsmallerincreasesinpositivemoodfrompleasantevents.Whenlackingsleep,peoplefeltannoyedmoreandeasier,andthingsfeellessfun.Moreseriously,sleeplosscancauseclinicaldepressionandanxiety.In2014,Australianscholarsstudyingyoungwomenfoundthatayearoffrequentsleepdifficultiespredictedtheonsetofdepressionandanxietyinlateryears.Someresearchershaveidentifiedlongtimesleepdebtasadisease—insufficientsleepsyndrome(ISS).Giventhereportedevidenceforhowwidespreadthesyndromeis,itmightevenbeclassedasanepidemic.Althoughnostudyhasyetestablishedaconnection,itseemsreasonabletothinkaboutwhetherthelongtermdeclinesinAmericanhappinessandincreasesinsocialconflictsmaybeconnectedtolossofsleep.Whetheryouareasleepdeprivedstudent,orworkaholic,orjustanoldfashionedinsomniac(失眠癥患者),attendingtosleepisacriticalstrategyforhealthandhappiness.Andadjustingthisaspectofyourlifecouldbeoneofthebestthingsyoudoallyear.8.WhydoestheauthormentionShakespeare?A.ToshowShakespeare’swisdom.B.Tointroducethetopicofsleeploss.C.Tohighlightaserioushealthproblem.D.Togivereportedevidenceofsleepdebt.9.WhatdoesthepaperinHealthPsychologytellusaboutinsufficientsleep?A.Itmadepeoplefeelnegative. B.Itledtopooreyesight.C.Itcauseddepressionandanxiety. D.Itwasnotworthmuchconcern.10.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Reductionofhappinessislinkedtosleeploss.B.Longtermlackofsleepisnotadisease.C.Sleepdebtmightaffectbothindividualsandthesociety.D.Insufficientsleepsyndromeisarecognizedepidemic.11.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toconfirmsleeplossisadisease.B.Toadvocategettingsufficientsleep.C.Totacklewidespreadsleepproblem.D.Toprovehappinesssuffersfromsleepdebt.DWhatgoesoninourbrainswhenwedecidetohitthesharebutton,andwhatmakessomethinggoviral?SincethedawnoftheInternet,businesses,mediaoutletsandinfluencersalikehavebeentryingtoanswerthesequestions.Now,researchershaveeonestepclosertocrackingthismysteriousmodelbyshiningalightontheneuroscience(神經科學)ofviralcontent.“Ourstudyfindsawaytoobtainbrainsignalsthatwouldpredicthowmuchinformationgetsshared.”saidEmilyFalk,professorofmunication,psychologyandmarketingandHangYeeChan,alecturerofmunication.Theirnewstudy,publishedinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesonOctober23,investigatedboththeU.S.andtheNetherlandsusingabroaderrangeofnewscategories—includinghealthandclimatechange.“Whenweseegreateractivationofregionsthattrackselfrelevance(Isitimportanttome)andsocialrelevance(IsitimportanttopeopleIknow),thenewsarticlesaremorelikelytobesharedwidely,”FalkandChansaid.Bystudyingthesebrainresponses,theteammanagedtobuildavaluebasedmodeltoaccuratelypredicthowwidelythearticleswouldbesharedonline.ThislinkbetweenbrainactivityandsharingwasseeninboththeAmericanandDutchparticipants,suggestingthatthismodelisaccurateacrosscultures.“Seeinghowpeople’sbrainsreactinsidethescannergivesusinsightintowhypeopleultimatelyshareinformationnowadays,”Chansaid.“Ifweunderstandthesesignals,wemightbeabletousethatknowledgetohelpimportantnewsgetsharedandstopmisinformationfromgoingviral.”Itisalsohelpfulforcontentcreatorstomaximizetheirreach.“Ourcurrentstudydemonstrateshowtappingintothebrainwouldhelpcontentcreatorsoptimizetheirmessages’influence,”FalkandChansaid.“Weareinterestedinbuildingontheseresultstodevelopwaystocounterharmfulinformationandfalsenews,inadditiontospreadinghighqualitycontent.”“Alotofourmostpressingproblemsinsocietyareinfluencedbythedecisionspeoplemake,andthedecisionswemakeareinfluencedbythenews.Whatyousharematters,andsounderstandingwhyyoushareitmatters,too.”12.Whatdoresearchersintendtodointheirstudy?A.Tofindawaytogetbrainsignals.B.Toworkoutamysteriousmodel.C.Touseabroadrangeofnewscategories.D.Topredicthowmuchinformationgetshared.13.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thebasisandprocessofthestudy.B.Thewaytopredictbrainactivation.C.Thepatternofavaluebasedmodel.D.Thereasonwhycertainnewsisshared.14.What’sthepotentialapplicationofthefindingofthestudy?A.Tosolvemosturgentproblems.B.Tounderstandwhyviralnewsmatter.C.Toinfluencethedecisionspeoplewillmake.D.Tobettertheefficiencyofpositivepublicity.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowtoShareaViralNewsB.HowtoObtainBrainSignalsC.HowCertainStudiesGetSharedD.HowBrainIdentifiesViralContent第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Scientiststesttheirhypothesis(假設)eitherthroughexperimentorfieldworkandtheprocessisfilledwithchanges.Carryoutexperiments____16____.Youmakeasimplerscaleorsmallerscaleversionofthepartoftherealworldyouwanttostudy.Inanexperimentascientisttriestolookathowjustonethingaffectsthesubjecttheyareworkingon.Thedifficultpartiscreatinganenvironmentinwhichonlythatonethingchanges.Thatiswhyscientistsusetesttubes,andothersmall,enclosedsettingsfortheirexperiment.____17____.ConductfieldworkInfieldwork,ascientistgoesintoanuncontrolledenvironment,aspecificplaceintheworld,andrecordsexactlywhatisobservedthereatthetime.____18____.Sofieldworkisalmostalwaysnewandoriginal.Thedifficultpartwithfieldworkisthatwhileyouarerecordingyourobservations,youmustmakesurethatyouyourselfarenotinterfering(干涉)withyoursubjectsimplybybeingthere.Forinstance,youcannotcountbirdsinatreeifyouscareanyaway.____19____Scientistsarelikedetectives—theytrytosolvemysteries.Experimentsarepartofscientist’sdetectivekit.Whenyouwanttoproveatheorytrueorfalsecreateanexperimentthatwilltestonethingyoucanobserve.Youhaveanideathatifyousetupacontrolledsituationandpurposelychangeonlyonething,thischangewillcausesomethingelsetohappen.____20____.Ifyourchangecausessomethingelsetohappen,this“somethingelse”iscalledtherespondingvariable,becauseitisrespondingtothechange.A.CreatevariablesB.WatchtheprocessC.YouarestudyingauniquesituationeverytimeD.ItismucheasiertocontrolthingsinsuchenvironmentsE.AndthethingyoupurposelychangeiscalledthechangingvariableF.Youfocusyourattentiononjustafewthings,insteadofoneverythingG.Experimentalobservationsaremadeinacontrolledenvironmentthatyoucreate第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。I’vealwaysbeencreativesinceIwasalittlegirl.Everydaywasanexcitingadventureof____21____inmychildhoodfilledwitharts,craftsandmusic.____22____,somewherealongthewayIlosttouchwithmycreativeself.At21,upongraduation,I____23____ajobatapany.Iwouldgototheoffice,sitatmydeskandrepeatthesamework.Thedayswerelongand____24____.Workingthiswayforoneyearwaspainfulenough.BeforelongIdecidedtomakea____25____.OnethingIhaddevelopedaninterestinwassewing,soI____26____asewingcourseatamunitycollege.Itwasonlyafiveweekcoursebutit____27____myinterestandgotmyconfidenceup.AsIdreamtbigger,laterI____28____aparttimedesigncourse.Itookclassestwonightsaweek.Althoughexhausting,itgavemeenergy,____29____andhappiness.Asitbecameclearerthat_____30_____waswheremylovelay,workingatthepanybecameharder.Ifeltbored.Noenergy,no_____31_____andzerofulfillment.Apparently,Ineededabiggerchange._____32_____,Imadeadifficultdecision,—quittingmy_____33_____andstudyingmydesigncoursefulltime.ThelastfewyearswitnessedmysuccessinwhatIlove.TodayIamlivingacreativelifeasthe_____34_____ofmyownfashionbrand.Ifeel_____35_____thatsettingthewheelsofchangehasledmetowhereIamtoday.21A.learning B.creation C.imagination D.amusement22.A.Besides B.Therefore C.However D.Otherwise23.A.landed B.desired C.shifted D.handled24.A.boring B.interesting C.rewarding D.challenging25.A.survey B.change C.mitment D.preparation26.A.taught B.passed C.attended D.designed27.A.maintained B.increased C.awakened D.protected28.A.benefitedfrom B.triedoutfor C.cameupwith D.signedupfor29.A.passion B.recognition C.curiosity D.innovation30.A.arts B.crafts C.fashion D.adventure31.A.promotion B.vacation C.business D.motivation32.A.Initially B.Instantly C.Gradually D.Eventually33.A.job B.dream C.interest D.decision34.A.teacher B.designer C.inventor D.musician35.A.inspired B.blessed C.relieved D.impressed第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Whenpeoplemovetoanewcountry,theyoftenfeelworriedandstressedbecausetheydon’tknowthecustomsandtraditionsofthenewplace.Thisfeelingiswhat____36____(call)“cultureshock”generally.KalervoObergwasthefirstperson____37____(use)thisphrase.AccordingtoOberg,thereareseveral____38____(stage)ofcultureshock.____39____esfirstisthehoneymoonperiod.Duringtheperiod,whateverpeopleexperienceisfreshandexcitingtothem.Inthenextstage,peopleoftenfeel____40____(frustrate).Theynoticemoredifferencesbetweentheirowncultureandthenewone.Peopleusuallyeitherchangetheirbehavior____41____returntotheirhomecountry.Iftheystay,peopleetothethirdstagewhich____42____(occur)whentheybegintoadjust____43____thenewculture.Theybegintobeefamiliarwiththecustoms,thethinking,andthehabitsofthenewplace.____44____(accept)isthefourthstage.People____45____(final)begintofitintothenewculture.Differencesnolongertroublethemasmuch,andtheymighthaveasenseofbelonginginthenewplace.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.有人說，“讀萬卷書，不如行萬里路”，也有人認為，“秀才不出門，而知天下事”。寒假將至，你是選擇在家讀書，還是外出旅行?請根據你的選擇用英語寫一篇短文闡述你的觀點，內容包括：1.你的選擇；2.說明理由。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Onayearlybasis,fundedbyMr.Alden,aFieldDaywasheldinthetownofSilverCity.Everyyeartheboyswereintrainingfortheraces.AndnotonlyadultsbutboysandgirlstrainedhardforFieldDay.Therewereprizesforallkindsofraces—runningandswimmingandjumping.Butthebestonewasafootrace,calledafreeforall,becauseanyonecouldruninit.Mr.Aldengaveaprizeoftwentyfivedollarsandmedalstothewinners.Sometimesaboywonthechampionship.Sometimesagirl.Onceafatmanhadwonit.OnFieldDay,MikewascuttingthegrassforMr.Mooreintheneighborhoodtoearnhislivingexpenses.SuddenlyMr.Moorestopped