2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)：精讀高考真題（十六）閱讀理解導(dǎo)學(xué)案

精讀高考真題(十六）高考英語(yǔ)真題是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的寶藏，精讀一篇遠(yuǎn)勝過刷題十篇。相較于教材、日常習(xí)題，高考真題的語(yǔ)料更加新穎、更有針對(duì)性。長(zhǎng)期精讀高考真題有利于增強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的信心，從而極大提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的效率。一、真題再現(xiàn)PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈養(yǎng)).PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:“Obviouslywe’reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She’shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It’sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.24.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?

A.Costly.

B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.

D.Successful.25.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?

A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.

B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.

C.Sheisingoodcondition.

D.Sheissensitivetoheat.26.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?

A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.

B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces.

C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.

D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung.27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPortLympneReserve?

A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.

B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.

C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.

D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.

（2021年全國(guó)甲卷B篇）二、語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：本文的語(yǔ)篇類型是新聞報(bào)道，主題語(yǔ)境為人與自然。文章主要介紹了在PortLympne保護(hù)區(qū)的部分黑犀?，F(xiàn)狀。三、重點(diǎn)單詞（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換詞、熟詞生意詞、超綱詞）和短語(yǔ)1.reserven.（動(dòng)植物）保護(hù)區(qū)，自然保護(hù)區(qū)2.runvt.管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)，實(shí)施（熟詞生義）runa...programme開展一個(gè)......項(xiàng)目bedelightedwith...對(duì)......感到高興bedelightedtodo...樂意做......areknownfor...因......而聞名headn.負(fù)責(zé)人，主管人（熟詞生義）beeager(for)todo...渴望（某人）做......first-timeadj.首次的，第一次的openn.戶外，野外，曠野（形容詞轉(zhuǎn)名詞）（熟詞生義）warmup（變）暖和adorableadj.可愛的，惹人喜愛的adorevt.崇拜，敬仰return...to...把......送回protectedadj.受保護(hù)的（分詞形容詞）protectedareas自然保護(hù)區(qū)protectv.保護(hù)tellvt.判斷，辨別（熟詞生義）greatgrandmother曾祖母accordingto...根據(jù)......，按照......dropaslowas...銳減至......criticallyadv.極其，嚴(yán)重地criticaladj.嚴(yán)重地，危急的endangeredadj.遭到危險(xiǎn)的，（動(dòng)植物）瀕危的（分詞形容詞）criticallyendangered極度瀕危的endangervt.使遭危險(xiǎn)，危及，使（動(dòng)植物）瀕于滅絕dangern.危險(xiǎn)costly

adj.花錢多的，代價(jià)大的new-bornadj.新出生的（合成詞）ingoodcondition處于良好狀態(tài)，健康besensitiveabout/to...對(duì)......感到敏感的beopento...對(duì)......開放thepublic公眾aimtodo...目的在于......continuedoing/todo...繼續(xù)做......四、關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)和長(zhǎng)難句1.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.1).thetinycreature指代上一句中的arareblackrhinocalf。thetinycreature是上義詞；arareblackrhinocalf是下義詞。arareblackrhinocalf是泛指；thetinycreature是特指。2).句中的tobebornatthereserve是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)，修飾the40thblackrhino。相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句：thatwasbornatthereserve。英語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)名詞前有序數(shù)詞、first、next、last或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，通常用動(dòng)詞不定式后置定語(yǔ)。E.g.Thelastonetoarrivepaysthemeal.最后一個(gè)到的人付飯錢。Thiscompanywasthefirsttoproduceportableradiosaswellascassettetaperecordersintheworld.這個(gè)公司是世界上第一個(gè)生產(chǎn)便攜式錄音機(jī)和盒式錄音機(jī)的公司。Thedeepestholeevertobeboredonlandwentdown25,340feet.陸地上曾經(jīng)鉆的最深的洞深約25340英尺。Thenextmantoapproachmewassellingexpensivepensandwatches.下一個(gè)接近我的下一個(gè)男人正在賣貴的鋼筆和手表?！緟⒖甲g文】當(dāng)這只小家伙與一月三十一日出生時(shí)，她便成為了在保護(hù)區(qū)出生的第40頭黑犀牛。AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity.1).especiallyas...是一個(gè)由as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。2).tobreedincaptivity是形容詞difficult后面的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，as從句的主語(yǔ)blackrhinos是breed的賓語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)里有一些形容詞，如easy，fit，difficult，hard，awkward，convenient，impossible，pleasant，tough，unpleasant等，要求一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞來做它們的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。但在語(yǔ)義上，句子的主語(yǔ)便是動(dòng)詞不定式的賓語(yǔ)。g.Shewasextremelydifficulttoplease.很難使她稱心如意。Jackiseasytofool.杰克容易受愚弄。Mostofourfearsareunreasonable,buttheyareimpossibletoerase.我們的恐懼大都是沒有根據(jù)的，但是要把他們消除卻是不可能的。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，需加上介詞：E.g.Heisdifficulttodealwith.他是很難對(duì)付的。Themanishardtoworkwith.這個(gè)人很難共事?！緟⒖甲g文】Lympne港的官員們對(duì)新到來的犀牛感到高興，特別是在黑犀牛以難以圈養(yǎng)繁育而聞名的情況下。It’sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.1).本句是一個(gè)由but連接的并列句。后一分句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句：assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；主句為Ihavenodoubt，后面that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句和doubt互為同位語(yǔ)。2).在“too+形容詞（或副詞）+to+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)中，“to+動(dòng)詞原形”雖然形式上是肯定的，但在意義上卻是否定的。E.g.Bacteriaaretoosmalltobeseenbythenakedeye.細(xì)菌太小，肉眼是看不見的。Thenewsistoogoodtobetrue.這消息太好了，簡(jiǎn)直叫人不能相信。Hewastooexcitedtosayaword.他激動(dòng)得一句話也說不出來。Butthesewereonlydaydreams,muchtooheavenlytobecontemplated.但是，這些愿望都只是白日夢(mèng)，因?yàn)樗鼈兲烂盍?，?jiǎn)直叫人不敢相信真的會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。與此相似，在“too...for...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞for后面的名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)往往也可以理解為具有否定的意義:E.g.Itistoohotforwork.天太熱，不能工作。You’redrivingtoofastforsafety.你開車太快，是不安全的。Butthesmokewastooblackforstrawfire.然而煙太黑，不可能是稻草著的火。但“onlytoo...to+動(dòng)詞原形”卻沒有否定意義。這是因?yàn)閛nlytoo是一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，意思是“非常”、“實(shí)在”。類似的還有alltoo，buttoo，quitetoo等。E.g.Ishallbeonlytoopleasedtohelpyou.我非常高興幫助你。I’monlytoogladtohushthematterup.我很高興把這件事隱瞞下來。Theyarealltoosatisfiedtotaketheopinionsofotherswithoutthepainofthoughtforthemselves.他們都滿足于不費(fèi)腦筋思考就采納別人的觀點(diǎn)。Theyarebuttoogladtodoso.他們很高興這樣做。3).句中forthemtogooutintotheopen是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)形式，them是goout的主語(yǔ)。for用于引出動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。E.g.Itisimpossibleforustogobyplane.我們坐飛機(jī)去是不可能的。Forustotakepartinthediscussionwouldbeaconflictinterest.我們參加討論，就會(huì)造成利害沖突。4).havenodoubtthat...意為“毫不懷疑......

”、“毫無疑問......”。doubt用作名詞，that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句E.g.Ihavenodoubtthathewillovercomeallhisdifficulties.我毫不懷疑他將克服所有的困難。Thereisnodoubtthattheworldisgettingwarmer.地球無疑在變暖?！緟⒖甲g文】天氣還是有點(diǎn)太冷，他們不能出門到戶外去，但天氣一轉(zhuǎn)暖，我毫不懷疑，小家伙就會(huì)出去，每天都在探索和玩耍。Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.1).本句是一個(gè)由but連接的并列句。后面一個(gè)分句中，it是一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)，正真的主語(yǔ)是后面的totellif...；其中tell后面接的是一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。2).bornthisyearatthereserve是一個(gè)過去分詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)，修飾rhino，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句：thatwasbornthisyearatthereserve。.在“Itis/was+adj.+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，it是形式主語(yǔ)，后面的動(dòng)詞不定式是正真的主語(yǔ)。E.g.It'snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.讓你在晚宴聚會(huì)上有趣并不難。Itisalltooeasytoblametherailwayauthoritieswhensomethingdoesgowrong.一旦鐵路上真出了問題,人們便不加思索地責(zé)備鐵路當(dāng)局。4).make用作連系動(dòng)詞，意為“成為”。E.g.Cooper’sgoingtomakeagooddoctoroneday.庫(kù)柏終有一天會(huì)成為一名好醫(yī)生。Fairytalesmakegoodlessonsforchildren.童話故事對(duì)孩子們很有教育意義。5).tobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild是動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式做定語(yǔ)，修飾candidates。相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句：whowillbereturnedto...。動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式（tobedone）做定語(yǔ)，表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，且與其所修飾的名詞之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。E.g.Theairporttobecompletednextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.明年即將完工的機(jī)場(chǎng)將促進(jìn)這個(gè)地區(qū)旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecisiontobemadeatthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.半個(gè)小時(shí)后我們將舉行個(gè)會(huì)議，會(huì)上作出的決定將會(huì)對(duì)我們公司的未來產(chǎn)生影響。用done做定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)與完成；用beingdone做定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)與進(jìn)行：E.g.Themeetingheldyesterdayisveryimportant.昨天舉行的會(huì)議很重要。Themeetingbeingheldnowisveryimportant.現(xiàn)在正在舉行的會(huì)議很重要?！緟⒖甲g文】這頭可愛的雌性小犀牛是今年在保護(hù)區(qū)出生的第二頭黑犀牛，但要判斷這些小犀牛是否會(huì)成為返回野生保護(hù)區(qū)的好候選者還為時(shí)過早。ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.weigh是連系動(dòng)詞，表示“重......”，“重量是......”。E.g.Theboyweighs50kilos.這個(gè)男孩重50公斤。=Theboyis50kilos(inweight).【參考譯文】1月5日，在林普恩港出生的第一頭犀牛來到了它的第一位母親基西馬身邊，體重約32公斤。AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)，表示結(jié)果，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500這件事。相當(dāng)于一個(gè)which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：whichgavetherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status。E.g.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.數(shù)百萬(wàn)英畝的濕地被抽干來解決不斷增長(zhǎng)的人口的吃與住，這極大地減少了水禽的棲息地。（=...,whichgreatlyreducedwaterfowlhabitat）Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視他們與一次性塑料產(chǎn)品的關(guān)系。（=...,whichforcedviewerstore-examine...）【參考譯文】根據(jù)世界野生自然基金(WWF)表示，全球的黑犀牛的數(shù)量已經(jīng)銳減至5500頭，這也使得犀牛處于“極度瀕危的”狀態(tài)。Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung.young是形容詞做主語(yǔ)they的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，用以說明主語(yǔ)they的情況。在“主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞（非連系動(dòng)詞）+形容詞（或名詞）”結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞（或名詞）用來說明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、特征等，通常被稱為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。E.g.Theymarriedyoung.他們結(jié)婚時(shí)很年輕。Hecameindrunk.他醉醺醺地走了進(jìn)來。Hediedhappy.他幸福地死去。Nomanisbornwise.誰(shuí)也不是生下來就聰明的。Thefireisburninglow.火勢(shì)開始變?nèi)?。Hecamehomesafe.他安全到家。Gerhandstoodtheremotionlessanotherminuteorso.格哈特在那里一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地又站了大約一分鐘。WhenIcamein,Ifoundshefellunconsciousonthefloor.我進(jìn)來的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)他倒在地上，沒有意識(shí)。這種主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)也可以用名詞來充當(dāng)：E.g.Hediedapoorman.他死時(shí)很貧窮。Lincolnwasbornapoorfarmer’sboyanddiedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.林肯出生時(shí)是一個(gè)貧苦農(nóng)民的兒子，死時(shí)則是美國(guó)總統(tǒng)?！緟⒖甲g文】他們?cè)谀暧椎臅r(shí)候被帶到保護(hù)區(qū)?！敬鸢浮緿CAD（祁兆國(guó)）【附：學(xué)案】精讀高考真題(十六）高考英語(yǔ)真題是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的寶藏，精讀一篇遠(yuǎn)勝過刷題十篇。相較于教材、日常習(xí)題，高考真題的語(yǔ)料更加新穎、更有針對(duì)性。長(zhǎng)期精讀高考真題有利于增強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的信心，從而極大提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的效率。一、真題再現(xiàn)PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈養(yǎng)).PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:“Obviouslywe’reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She’shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It’sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.24.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?

A.Costly.

B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.

D.Successful.25.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?

A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.

B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.

C.Sheisingoodcondition.

D.Sheissensitivetoheat.26.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?

A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.

B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces.

C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.

D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung.27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPortLympneReserve?

A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.

B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.

C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.

D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.

（2021年全國(guó)甲卷B篇）二、語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：本文的語(yǔ)篇類型是_________，主題語(yǔ)境為__________。文章主要介紹了________________________________________。三、重點(diǎn)單詞（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換詞、熟詞生意詞、超綱詞）和短語(yǔ)1.reserven.2.runvt.runa...programmebedelightedwith...bedelightedtodo...areknownfor...headn.beeager(for)todo...first-timeadj.openn.warmupadorableadj.adorevt.return...to...protectedadj.protectedareasprotectv.tellvt.greatgrandmotheraccordingto...dropaslowas...criticallyadv.criticaladj.endangeredadj.criticallyendangeredendangervt.dangern.costly

adj.new-bornadj.ingoodconditionbesensitiveabout/to...beopento...thepublicaimtodo...continuedoing/todo...四、關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)和長(zhǎng)難句1.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.1).thetinycreature指代上一句中的arareblackrhinocalf。________________是上義詞；___________________________是下義詞。arareblackrhinocalf是______指；thetinycreature是_____指。2).句中的tobebornatthereserve是一個(gè)___________做___________，修飾______________。相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句：________________atthereserve。英語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)名詞前有序數(shù)詞、first、next、last或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，通常用動(dòng)詞不定式后置定語(yǔ)。E.g._____________one________________paysthemeal.最后一個(gè)到的人付飯錢。Thiscompanywas____________________________portableradiosaswellascassettetaperecordersintheworld.這個(gè)公司是世界上第一個(gè)生產(chǎn)便攜式錄音機(jī)和盒式錄音機(jī)的公司。___________________holeever______________________onlandwentdown25,340feet.陸地上曾經(jīng)鉆的最深的洞深約25340英尺。___________man_____________mewassellingexpensivepensandwatches.下一個(gè)接近我的下一個(gè)男人正在賣貴的鋼筆和手表?！咀g文】_______________________________________________________。AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity.1).especiallyas...是一個(gè)由as引導(dǎo)的________________。2).tobreedincaptivity是形容詞difficult后面的_______________，as從句的主語(yǔ)_____________________是動(dòng)詞breed的____________語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)里有一些形容詞，如easy，fit，difficult，hard，awkward，convenient，impossible，pleasant，tough，unpleasant等，要求一個(gè)_____物動(dòng)詞來做它們的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。但在語(yǔ)義上，句子的主語(yǔ)便是動(dòng)詞不定式的______語(yǔ)。g.Shewasextremelydifficult_____________.很難使她稱心如意。Jackiseasy_______________.杰克容易受愚弄。Mostofourfearsareunreasonable,buttheyareimpossible_____________.我們的恐懼大都是沒有根據(jù)的，但是要把他們消除卻是不可能的。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，需加上______：E.g.Heisdifficult_______________.他是很難對(duì)付的。Themanishard__________________.這個(gè)人很難共事?！咀g文】______________________________________________________。It’sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.1).本句是一個(gè)由but連接的__________句。后一分句是一個(gè)________句：assoonas引導(dǎo)的__________________；主句為__________________，后面that引導(dǎo)的__________從句和doubt互為_________語(yǔ)。2).在“too+形容詞（或副詞）+to+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)中，“to+動(dòng)詞原形”雖然形式上是______的，但在意義上卻是________的。E.g.Bacteriaaretoosmall______________bythenakedeye.細(xì)菌太小，肉眼是看不見的。Thenewsistoogood______________.這消息太好了，簡(jiǎn)直叫人不能相信。Hewastooexcited__________________.他激動(dòng)得一句話也說不出來。Butthesewereonlydaydreams,muchtooheavenly__________________.但是，這些愿望都只是白日夢(mèng)，因?yàn)樗鼈兲烂盍?，?jiǎn)直叫人不敢相信真的會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。與此相似，在“too...for...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞for后面的名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)往往也可以理解為具有_________的意義:E.g.Itistoohot___________.天太熱，不能工作。You’redrivingtoofast________________.你開車太快，是不安全的。Butthesmokewastooblack_____________.然而煙太黑，不可能是稻草著的火。但“onlytoo...to+動(dòng)詞原形”卻沒有否定意義。這是因?yàn)閛nlytoo是一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，意思是__________________。類似的還有alltoo，buttoo，quitetoo等。E.g.Ishallbe________________pleasedtohelpyou.我非常高興幫助你。I’m______________gladtohushthematterup.我很高興把這件事隱瞞下來。Theyare__________________satisfiedtotaketheopinionsofotherswithoutthepainofthoughtforthemselves.他們都滿足于不費(fèi)腦筋思考就采納別人的觀點(diǎn)。Theyare_____________gladtodoso.他們很高興這樣做。3).句中forthemtogooutintotheopen是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式的_________結(jié)構(gòu)形式，them是goout的______語(yǔ)。for用于引出動(dòng)詞不定式的____________。E.g.Itisimpossible_______________________.我們坐飛機(jī)去是不可能的。___________________thediscussionwouldbeaconflictinterest.我們參加討論，就會(huì)造成利害沖突。4).havenodoubtthat...意為____________、___________。doubt用作_____詞，that引導(dǎo)__________從句E.g.Ihave_______________hewillovercomeallhisdifficulties.我毫不懷疑他將克服所有的困難。Thereis__________________theworldisgettingwarmer.地球無疑在變暖。【譯文】_____________________________________________________。Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.1).本句是一個(gè)由but連接的______句。后面一個(gè)分句中，it是一個(gè)________，___________是后面的totellif...；其中tell后面接的是一個(gè)___引導(dǎo)的_______。2).bornthisyearatthereserve是一個(gè)_________形式__________，修飾_______，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句：_________________thisyearatthereserve。.在“Itis/was+adj.+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，______是形式主語(yǔ)，后面的動(dòng)詞不定式是__________。E.g.______notdifficult__________yourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.讓你在晚宴聚會(huì)上有趣并不難。_______isalltooeasy_________therailwayauthoritieswhensomethingdoesgowrong.一旦鐵路上真出了問題,人們便不加思索地責(zé)備鐵路當(dāng)局。4).make用作連系動(dòng)詞，意為__________。E.g.Cooper’sgoingto________agooddoctoroneday.庫(kù)柏終有一天會(huì)成為一名好醫(yī)生。Fairytales_________goodlessonsforchildren.童話故事對(duì)孩子們很有教育意義。5).tobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild是_________的_________形式做______語(yǔ)，修飾__________。相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句：_________to...。動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式（tobedone）做定語(yǔ)，表示______________，且與其所修飾的名詞之間是邏輯上的_________關(guān)系。E.g.Theairport______________nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.明年即將完工的機(jī)場(chǎng)將促進(jìn)這個(gè)地區(qū)旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展。We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision________________atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.半個(gè)小時(shí)后我們將舉行個(gè)會(huì)議，會(huì)上作出的決定將會(huì)對(duì)我們公司的未來產(chǎn)生影響。用done做定語(yǔ)，表示_____________；用beingdone做定語(yǔ)，表示_____________：E.g.Themeeting___________yesterdayisveryimportant.昨天舉行的會(huì)議很重要。Themeeting______________nowisve