2024年高考第三次模擬考試英語（新高考九省專用02）

2024年高考英語第三次模擬考試高三英語（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetheman?A．Dosomelistening. B．Rememberbasicwords. C．Readalot.【答案】B【原文】M:IfailedtheEnglishexam!Jessie,anyadviceforme?W:Well,Ithinklisteningandreadingalotworksforme.Butyourproblemisthatyoudon’tknowbasicwords.Youshouldbeginwiththat.2．Whowillbeabsentfromtheparty?A．Gary. B．Tony. C．Pete.【答案】C【原文】W:I’mlookingforwardtotheparty.Willeveryonebethere—Tony,PeteandGary?M:Peteisonholidayatthemoment,buttheothertwoaregoingtobethere,forsure.3．Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A．Tobuyaproduct.B．Toaskforatelephonenumber.C．Tohavehisrefrigeratorchecked.【答案】C【原文】M:Hello.TherefrigeratorIjustboughtfromyouisn’tworking.Canyousendsomeonetocheckit?W:Sure,sir.Couldyouleaveusyournameandtelephonenumber?4．WhattimedoesthenextplanetoLondonleave?A．At10:00. B．At11:00. C．At12:00.【答案】B【原文】M:Excuseme.WhattimedoesthenextplanetoLondontakeoff?W:ThenextoneisFlight12ateleven,gate10.5．Whatistoblameaccordingtotheman?A．Unfortableseats. B．Thetrafficnoise. C．MissLee’sweakvoice.【答案】B【原文】W:MissLee’svoiceissosoftthatIcanhardlyhearclearlywhatsheissaying.M:Don’tblameher.It’sthetrafficoutside.Nexttimeit’sbettertositatthefront.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍?！韭牭?段材料，回答第6、7題?！?．Whatcausesthepartytobeputoff?A．Anunexpectedmeeting. B．Theterribleweather. C．Achangedplan.7．Whenwasthepartysupposedtobeheldatfirst?A．ThisSaturday. B．ThisSunday. C．Nextweekend.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:Weneedtoputoffourbeachpartythisweekend.W:Why?Nothingcanstopusexceptthestorm.M:Ijustwatchedthenews.Atyphoonisheadingourwayandisgainingstrength.Weatherforecastersthinkthetyphoonmayleadtoflood.Sowe’dbetterstayathome.W:Whenwillitland,tomorrow?M:No.MostlikelyonSaturdaymorning.W:That’sthesamedayasourparty.Let’sstartmessagingourfriendsandtellthemweneedtoputoffthepartyuntilnextweekend.M:Yes!Let’sgettoit!【聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題?！?．WhydidAmygotothecontest?A．Tohavesomefun. B．Towinsomemoney. C．Toprovehercookingskills.9．HowdoesAmymostprobablyfeelnow?A．Regretful. B．Upset. C．Happy.【答案】8．B9．C【原文】M:Amy,Iheardyouwenttoacookingcontestthismorning.Whydidyougotosuchacontest?Justtohavesomefun?W:No.Thewinnercouldreceive300dollars.IreallywantedtowinsoIcouldbuyanewcellphone.M:Sodidyouwin?W:No.Whattheothersmadedidn’tjustlookgreat;theytastedgreat,too.M:Youmustbeveryupsetnow.W:Notreally.Iwenttothecontesttogetherwithmymother.Shemadesomethingveryspecialandallthejudgeslovedwhatshemade.Shewonandshesaidshe’dbuymeanewphonewiththemoneyshereceivedtomorrow.【聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題?！?0．Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’svisit?A．Topurchaseelectronicequipment.B．Tohireanadvertisingagency.C．Torentarecordingstudio.11．WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Crank?A．Hehasbeenrelocatedtoanotherbranch.B．Hehasstartedanewpany.C．Hehaschangedprofessions.12．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandointheend?A．Listentosomemusic.B．TalkwithPenelopeCage.C．Leavehercontactinformation.【答案】10．C11．B12．A【原文】W:Goodmorning.I’minterestedinrentingoneofyourstudiostorecordsomemusicforamercialI’mmakingnextmonth.ThelasttimeIcamehere,HarveyCrankassistedwiththecontrols.M:Actually,Mr.Crankleftthepanyandfoundedhisownstudio.However,ournewaudiotechnician,PenelopeCage,hasyearsofexperienceandcouldassistyou.W:Well,I’dreallyprefertoworkwithMr.Crankagain.Isthereanywaythatyoucouldhelpusgetintouchwithhim?M:It’sagainstourpany’spolicytogiveoutthatkindofinformation.However,youshouldtakeafewminutestogiveMs.Cage’sworkalisten.Sheproducedthebackgroundmusicforsomeofthecatchiestmercialsontheairtoday.【聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題?！?3．Whatistheman?A．Adoctor. B．Ahost. C．Ateacher.14．Whousedtobeadoctor?A．Cassie’sfriend.B．Cassie’smother.C．Cassie’sfriend’smother.15．HowlongdidittakeCassietobeeaqualifieddoctor?A．Oneyear. B．Fouryears. C．Fiveyears.16．WhatdoesCassiesayaboutherjob?A．Shegetsboredwithit.B．Sheenjoysitingeneral.C．Shealwaysworksovertime.【答案】13．B14．C15．C16．B【原文】M:Helloandweletotoday’sCareerTomorrow.Todaywearegoingtolookatanotherkindofjob—doctors.WehavewithusDr.CassieBrown,whoisadoctorattheRoyalLondonHospital.Hello,Cassie,howdidyoufirstbeeinterestedinmedicine?W:Well,Ihadafriendwhosemotherwasadoctor,andIthoughtherjobmightbeinteresting.M:Sohowdidyoufindoutmoreaboutthejob?W:Well,Ibecameavolunteerinahospitalandworkedforadoctor.Isoonrealizedthatthiscareerwastherightoneforme.M:Sowhatdidyouneedtostudyatuniversity?W:IstudiedHealingScience,andthenIreceivedamaster’sdegree.M:Howlongdidittakeyoutobeeaqualifieddoctor?W:OnceIhadfinishedmydegree,IhadtoworkforoneyearbeforeIbecamequalified,soittookmefiveyears.M:Howmanyhoursdoyouworkeveryday?W:Well,Iworkatnormalhours—ninetofive.M:Whatdoyoulikemostaboutyourjob?W:It’sneverboring.Infact,IfeelsorrywhenIhavetohaveadayoff!M:Itsoundsliketheperfectjob!Thanksforspeakingwithus,Cassie.【聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。】17．Whatcanlistenersinthecenterdoafterthespeech?A．Workasaguide. B．Visitthecenter. C．Choosetheinstructors.18．Whowillteachjazz?A．Diana. B．Jim. C．Steve.19．Whencanstudentshavebaseballclasses?A．OnFridayafternoons. B．OnSaturdayafternoons. C．OnSundayafternoons.20．Whichcourseisforbeginners?A．Badminton. B．Tabletennis. C．Baseball.【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．A【原文】W:Goodmorning,everyone,andthankyouforingtothenewTeenProgramhereattheParkHillLeisureCenter.I’dliketotakeyouthroughtheprogram,theclassesavailable,describethebuildingitself,andthengiveyousomeinformationabouthowtosignupforthesportsandactivitiesweoffer.Afterwards,you’llhaveanopportunitytotakeatourofthecenter,andalsohavesometimewithourinstructors.Let’sgothroughtheclassesfirst.AsyoucanseefromtheTeenProgramhandoutinyourpack,wehavelotsofclassesonoffer.Ourinstructorsarehighlyqualifiedandhavelotsofexperienceoftrainingyoungpeople.Dianaisourdanceinstructor,andshegivesclassesinjazzonWednesdayandThursdayevenings.Jimusuallytakesthefootballpractice,butthisyearhewillberunningthebaseballpractice.ThisclasshasbeenchangedfromSaturdaytoSundayafternoons.StevewilltakethetabletennisclassonMondayevening.Thebadmintoncourseisforbeginners,andthiswillbetakenbyStella,whowaslastyear’sunder21badmintonwinner,soyou’llbeingoodhandswithherexpertadvice.Thedayofthiscourseisstilltobearrangedbutit’slikelytobeTuesday.We’llconfirmthedaybytheendofthisweek.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThisyearArtCollectingwillcontinuetoprovidemunityartguidesaswehavebeendoingitforthepast24years.HalvorsenFineArtGalleryEstablishedinHoustonHistoricArtDistrict,atSawyerYards,HalvorsenFineArtGallerywith2,000squarefeetfeaturesamazingpaintingsoflandscapesandseascapesbyimpressionisticartists.Inadditiontohostingartistexhibitions,itprovidesartconsultationservicesforcollectors,designersandartenthusiasts.ArtoftheWorldGalleryThegalleryprovidesacontemporary,plexandrichculturalexperienceforartenthusiastsandcollectorsfromallaroundtheworld.DirectlyrepresentingsomeofthemostimportantlivingartistsfromAsia,Europe,andLatinAmerica,ArtoftheWorldGalleryisoneofthemostfamousgalleriesinthestate,locatedinHouston’sfinesthotspotforlocalsandtourists.ZatistaContemporaryandFineArtWithover4,000worksfromthemosttalentedemergingandestablishedartists,Zatistaprovidesaccesstothetypesofworkspreviouslyonlyavailabletoseasonedcollectors.BuyingonlinewithZatistaiseasywiththeirfreeartconsultation,certificatesofauthenticity(真實性),andabuyerguaranteethatallowsyoutotryartinyourhomewithfreereturns.JohnPalmerFineArtIt’slocatedintheavenueintheHistoricHeights.Thebinationofasaved1930’sbungalow(平房)withmuseumqualitynewconstructionistheperfectatmospheretoshowcasethegreatworksofartistJohnRossPalmer.JohnPalmerFineArtisopenbyappointmentonly.Youcansetanappointmentbycalling7138616726.WelookforwardtoshowingyouthebeautifulworldofJohnPalmerFineArt!21．WhatisthepurposeofArtCollecting?A．Collectingartworks. B．Offeringartinformation.C．Helpingseasonedartists. D．Foundingartorganizations.22．WhatcanvisitorsdoinHalvorsenFineArtGallery?A．Holdpersonalexhibitions. B．Obtainauthenticcertificates.C．Getatasteofdifferentcultures. D．Appreciateimpressionistpaintings.23．WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnPalmerFineArt?A．ItisinHouston’sbestspot. B．Itoffersartconsultationservices.C．Itexhibitstheworksofonlyoneartist. D．Itcanbevisitedwithoutanappointment.【答案】21．B22．D23．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在美國休斯敦可以欣賞藝術(shù)作品的四個地方。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThisyearArtCollectingwillcontinuetoprovidemunityartguidesaswehavebeendoingitforthepast24years.(今年ArtCollecting將繼續(xù)提供社區(qū)藝術(shù)指南，就像我們過去24年做的那樣)”可知，這個網(wǎng)站的目的是提供社區(qū)藝術(shù)方面的信息。故選B項。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HalvorsenFineArtGallery中“EstablishedinHoustonHistoricArtDistrict,atSawyerYards,HalvorsenFineArtGallerywith2,000squarefeetfeaturesamazingpaintingsoflandscapesandseascapesbyimpressionisticartists.(哈爾沃森美術(shù)館位于休斯敦歷史藝術(shù)區(qū)的Sawyer園區(qū)，占地2000平方英尺，以印象派藝術(shù)家的風(fēng)景畫和海景畫為特色)”可知，哈爾沃森美術(shù)館的參觀者可以欣賞印象派的畫作。故選D項。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JohnPalmerFineArt中“Thebinationofasaved1930’sbungalowwithmuseumqualitynewconstructionistheperfectatmospheretoshowcasethegreatworksofartistJohnRossPalmer.(將保存下來的二十世紀三十年代的平房與博物館品質(zhì)的新建筑相結(jié)合，這是展示藝術(shù)家JohnRossPalmer偉大作品的完美氛圍)”可知，該美術(shù)館只展出一位藝術(shù)家的作品。故選C項。BAtage10,McCulloughgotaglimpseofherdreamjob.ItsparkledintheeyesofthePackardChildren’snurseswhocaredforherbrotherMatthew,whohadbraincancer.Asachild,McCulloughspenthoursatherbrother’sbedside.“Ilookeduptothenurses.Ifoundtheirunconditionalmitmenttomybrother’scareremarkable,”McCulloughsays.Asayounggirl,McCulloughpracticednursingbycaringforherbrother,adesirebornoutofherintenseloveforhim.Shewouldrubhisback,bringhimdrinks,andevenhelpadjusthislines.Shewasanatural.Herparentssaidthatshewasverycaringandalwaysputpeoplefirstfromayoungage.WhenMatthewpassedaway,McCulloughbecameevenmoremittedtobeinganurse.Shetookstepsthroughtheyearstomakeherdreametrue.Inhighschool,shevolunteeredatcancercentersandhospitals.“Mybeinganurseis100%inhonorofMatt.Ifelttheneedtochannelmygriefandturnthattragicmomentintosomethingpositive,”McCulloughsays.Overtime,McCulloughrealizedthatshedidn’tjustwanttobeanurse.Shewantedtobeapediatriconcology(兒科腫瘤)nurseatPackardChildren’s.McCulloughwantedtogivebacktothehospitalthathaddonesomuchforherbrother.Despitefeelinglikeschoolnevercameeasy,McCulloughpersisted(堅持)andgotintoarespectednursingschool.Shefeelslikesheworked10timesharderthanothernursingstudentsattheuniversity.Shetradedgoingoutandspendingtimewithfriendsforthelibrary.Incollege,eachstepbroughtMcCulloughclosertoherdream.SheworkedasanursingassistantatStanfordHealthCareforadultswithcancer.Then,shetransferredtoPackardChildren’sandworkedasanursingassistantinthePediatricTransplantCenter.Today,She’sanurseonthesameunitthatcaredforherbrotheryearsago.Sheisoneofthosenursessheadmiredsomuchasachild.Shefindsthetime,evenonverybusydays,totrulybethereforpatientsandfamiliestomakethemfeellovedandweled.24．WhatmakesMcCulloughwanttobeanurse?A．Herloveforherbrother.B．Thepainofcancerpatients.C．Hernaturalabilityofnursing.D．Thedesiretogivebacktosociety.25．WhatisknownaboutMcCullough’scollegelife?A．Shebegantoworkforherdream.B．Shevolunteeredatcancercenters.C．Shebecameanursingassistantforchildren.D．Shespentmuchtimewithfriendsinthelibrary.26．WhatwordscanbeusedtodescribeMcCullough?A．Changeableandrespectable.B．Hardworkinganddemanding.C．Professionalandadventurous.D．Considerateandpersistent.27．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.B．Wherethereisawillthereisaway.C．Behindbadluckesgoodluck.D．Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.【答案】24．A25．C26．D27．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了McCullough經(jīng)過不懈努力，實現(xiàn)兒時想當護士的夢想的故事。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asayounggirl,McCulloughpracticednursingbycaringforherbrother,adesirebornoutofherintenseloveforhim.(作為一個年輕的女孩，McCullough通過照顧她的哥哥來練習(xí)護理，這是她對他強烈的愛所產(chǎn)生的愿望)”和第三段““Mybeinganurseis100%inhonorofMatt.Ifelttheneedtochannelmygriefandturnthattragicmomentintosomethingpositive,”McCulloughsays.(“我成為一名護士完全是為了紀念Matt。我覺得有必要疏導(dǎo)我的悲傷，把那個悲慘的時刻變成積極的東西，”McCullough說)”可知，McCullough當護士的愿望源于對她哥哥強烈的愛。故選A。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Then,shetransferredtoPackardChildren’sandworkedasanursingassistantinthePediatricTransplantCenter.(然后，她轉(zhuǎn)到帕卡德兒童醫(yī)院，在兒科移植中心擔(dān)任護理助理)”可知，McCullough在兒科移植中心做護理助理。故選C。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章敘述的內(nèi)容可知，McCullough為了實現(xiàn)兒時成為一名護士的夢想而堅持不懈（persistent）的故事。根據(jù)第二段“Shewouldrubhisback,bringhimdrinks,andevenhelpadjusthislines.(她會幫他揉背，給他拿飲料，甚至幫他調(diào)整各種線)”和最后一段“Shefindsthetime,evenonverybusydays,totrulybethereforpatientsandfamiliestomakethemfeellovedandweled.(即使在非常繁忙的日子里，她也會抽出時間，真正地陪伴在病人和家屬身邊，讓他們感到被愛和被歡迎)”可知，她對哥哥和病人及家屬關(guān)愛細致，體貼入微（considerate）。故選D。27．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Atage10,McCulloughgotaglimpseofherdreamjob.(10歲時，McCullough瞥見了她夢寐以求的工作)”和最后一段中“Sheisoneofthosenursessheadmiredsomuchasachild.(她成了她小時候非常崇拜的護士之一)”可知，文章講述了McCullough經(jīng)過不懈努力，實現(xiàn)兒時想當護士的夢想的故事。所以文章告訴我們：有志者事竟成。A.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves自助者天助；C.Behindbadluckesgoodluck塞翁失馬，焉知非福；D.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好。故選B。CTherearewelldocumentedmentalhealthbenefitstopetownership,asmuchresearchhasshown.Indeed,weknowtherearesomephysicalbenefitsaswell,asdogownerstendtohavemoreactivelifestyles.Yetwhenitestoconditionslikeallergies(過敏),wetendtothinkofpetownershipasexacerbating,notalleviatingthem.Hence,arecentstudypublishedinthejournalPLOSOnemighteasasurprise.Thestudy,publishedWednesday,foundthatchildrenraisedwithcatsanddogsearlyinlifehada13to16%lowerriskofdevelopingallfoodallergiesthanthosewhodidnotownpets.Theresearchersengagedinadetailedsurvey,studying65,000children.Theyfoundthatchildrenwhowereexposedtodogseitherduringfetal(胎兒)development,oruptotheageof3yearsoldwerelesslikelytohavenut,milkandeggallergies.Thiswasn’ttrueforotherpetsthatweren’tcatsanddogs.Indeed,thesameresearchfoundthatchildrenexposedtohamstersduringthissameperiodhadanincreasedriskofnutallergies.Yetchildrenwhowereexposedtocatsduringtheirearlyyearswerelikewiselesslikelytodevelopspecificallergies—namely,allergiestowheat,soybeanandegg.Whilethestudyisnotthefinalwordontheissue—theresearchersnote“furtherstudiesusingoralfoodchallengesarerequiredtomoreaccuratelyassesstheincidentoffoodallergies”—itreinforcespreexistingresearchontheseeminglyfunnywaysthatcatsinfluencehumandevelopment.Inadditiontoaddingtothegrowingbodyofscientificliteratureaboutpetsandhumanhealth,thePLOSOnealsoreinforcesearlierresearchabouttheroleoftheenvironmentindevelopingallergies.Theresearchrepeatedlyfoundthatexposuretofarmyarddirt,dustandthevariousfinehairsthatflyoffanimalshelpschildrenintheirbreathingsystemdevelopment.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exaccrbating”inparagraph1bestmean?A．Worsening. B．Damaging.C．Improving. D．Benefiting.29．Whatagreeswiththeresultoftherecentresearch?A．Kidsover3willhavemorefoodallergies.B．Hamsterscausethemostallergiestochildren.C．Allpetownershipwillnotreducefoodallergies.D．Catownersarelesslikelytobeallergicthandogowners.30．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothePLOSOnestudy?A．Satisfied. B．Objective.C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.31．Whatisabesttitleforthetext?A．BenefitsbroughtbyraisinganimalsB．PetownershipmakingkidshealthierC．ResearchesondifferentfoodallergiesD．Dogsandcatsreducingkids’allergies【答案】28．A29．C30．B31．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低，但是同一時期接觸倉鼠的兒童患堅果過敏的風(fēng)險增加。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，接觸農(nóng)場的泥土、灰塵和從動物身上飛出來的各種細毛有助于兒童呼吸系統(tǒng)的發(fā)育。28．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段的劃線句“Yetwhenitestoconditionslikeallergies(過敏),wetendtothinkofpetownershipasexacerbating,notalleviatingthem.（然而，當涉及到過敏等情況時，我們往往認為養(yǎng)寵物會……，而不是緩解過敏。）”，句中劃線詞后“notalleviatingthem”可知，劃線詞與后文為反義，故劃線詞意為“加劇”符合題意，與A選項同義。故選A。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thestudy,publishedWednesday,foundthatchildrenraisedwithcatsanddogsearlyinlifehada13to16%lowerriskofdevelopingallfoodallergiesthanthosewhodidnotownpets.（周三發(fā)表的這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，本文主要介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低；再根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“Indeed,thesameresearchfoundthatchildrenexposedtohamstersduringthissameperiodhadanincreasedriskofnutallergies.（事實上，同樣的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在同一時期接觸倉鼠的兒童患堅果過敏的風(fēng)險增加。）”可推斷，并不是所有寵物的飼養(yǎng)都會降低食物過敏。故選C。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thestudy,publishedWednesday,foundthatchildrenraisedwithcatsanddogsearlyinlifehada13to16%lowerriskofdevelopingallfoodallergiesthanthosewhodidnotownpets.（周三發(fā)表的這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低13%到16%。）”及文章最后一段第一句“Inadditiontoaddingtothegrowingbodyofscientificliteratureaboutpetsandhumanhealth,thePLOSOnealsoreinforcesearlierresearchabouttheroleoftheenvironmentindevelopingallergies.（除了為越來越多的關(guān)于寵物和人類健康的科學(xué)文獻增添新的內(nèi)容外，《公共科學(xué)圖書館·綜合》還加強了早期關(guān)于環(huán)境在過敏中所起作用的研究。）”可知，全文只是陳述《公共科學(xué)圖書館?綜合》研究的內(nèi)容，可推斷，作者的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選B。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段第二句“Thestudy,publishedWednesday,foundthatchildrenraisedwithcatsanddogsearlyinlifehada13to16%lowerriskofdevelopingallfoodallergiesthanthosewhodidnotownpets.（周三發(fā)表的這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，小時候和貓狗一起長大的孩子患各種食物過敏的風(fēng)險比沒有養(yǎng)寵物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，狗和貓減少孩子的過敏。故選D。DZoologistsstudiedthenervoussystemsofinsectstoinvestigateprinciplesofbiologicalbrainputationandpossibleeffectsonmachinelearningandartificialintelligence.Specifically,theyanalysedhowinsectslearntoassociatesensoryinformationintheirenvironmentwithafoodreward,andhowtheycanrecallthisinformationlaterinordertosolveplextaskssuchasthesearchforfood.Livingorganismsshowremarkableabilitiesincopingwithproblemsposedbyplexanddynamicenvironments.Theyareabletogeneralizetheirexperiencesinordertorapidlyadapttheirbehaviourwhentheenvironmentchanges.Thezoologistsinvestigatedhowthenervoussystemofthefruitflycontrolsitsbehaviourwhensearchingforfood.Usingaputermodel,theysimulated(模擬)andanalysedtheputationsinthefruitfly’snervoussysteminresponsetoscentsingfromthefoodsource.Theyinitiallytrainedtheirmodeloftheflybraininexactlythesamewayasinsectsaretrainedinexperiments.Theypresentedaspecificscentinthesimulationtogetherwitharewardandasecondscentwithoutareward.“Themodelrapidlylearnsastrongrepresentationoftherewardedscentafterjustafewscentpresentationsandisthenabletofindthesourceofthisscentinaplexenvironment,”saidputerscientistDrHannesRapp,whocreatedthemodel.Themodelcreatedisthuscapableofgeneralizingfromitsmemoryandtoapplywhatithaslearnedpreviouslyinapletelynewandplexenvironment,whilelearningrequiredonlyaverysmalldatabaseoftrainingsamples.Theresultssuggestthatthetransformationofsensoryinformationintomemoriesinthebraincaninspirefuturemachinelearningandartificialintelligenceapplicationstosolvingplextasks.32．Whatistheaimoftheresearch?A．Toanalysetheapplicationofbiologicalbrainputationprinciples.B．Toseekpromotionofmachinelearningandartificialintelligence.C．Toshedlightonhowthenervoussystemsofinsectswork.D．Touncoverhowinsectsapplysensoryinformationinsearchoffood.33．WhichstatementabouttheresearchmethodisNOTTRUE?A．Theresearcherscollectedthedatabyusingaputermodel.B．Theresearchersfocusedonhowthefruitfly’snervoussystemreactstoscents.C．Theresearcherstrainedthemodelinthesamewayastrainingfruitflies.D．Theresearcherspresentedtwodifferentscentstocarryoutacontrolexperiment.34．Whatdotheresultsoftheresearchimply?A．Insects’nervoussystemsaremoresensitivetoparticularscents.B．Artificialintelligenceissignificanttobiologicalbrainresearch.C．Sensoryinformationiswidelyappliedinmachinelearning.D．ResearchoninsectbraincancontributetoAIdevelopment.35．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Topresentpredictionsaboutthefutureofmachinelearning.B．Toillustratethemethodandfindingsofascientificstudy.C．Tocallonmoreresearchoninsectbrainandbehavior.D．Tointroduceapracticalmethodofinsectresearch.【答案】32．B33．D34．D35．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。昆蟲的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)能獲取并將感官性信息轉(zhuǎn)換為記憶，控制其行為來完成如覓食這樣的復(fù)雜任務(wù)，動物學(xué)家通過研究這一過程，尋求其對未來機器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能的啟發(fā)。32．細節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Zoologistsstudiedthenervoussystemsofinsectstoinvestigateprinciplesofbiologicalbrainputationandpossibleeffectsonmachinelearningandartificialintelligence(動物學(xué)家研究了昆蟲的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，以研究生物大腦計算的原理以及對機器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能的可能影響)”最后一段“Theresultssuggestthatthetransformationofsensoryinformationintomemoriesinthebraincaninspirefuturemachinelearningandartificialintelligenceapplicationstosolvingplextasks.(研究結(jié)果表明，將感覺信息轉(zhuǎn)化為大腦中的記憶可以激勵未來的機器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能應(yīng)用于解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)。)可知，動物學(xué)家研究昆蟲神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的目的是研究生物大腦計算的原理和對機器學(xué)習(xí)及人工智能的可能影響。故選B。33．細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段講到“Theypresentedaspecificscentinthesimulationtogetherwitharewardandasecondscentwithoutareward.(他們在模擬中呈現(xiàn)了一種特定的氣味以及獎勵，而第二種氣味則沒有獎勵。)”可知，研究過程中確實使用了兩種氣味，但研究方法并非對照實驗，而只是測試該模型對于有獎勵的氣味的反應(yīng)。因此，關(guān)于研究方法的說法是不正確的是D項“研究人員提出了兩種不同的氣味來進行對照實驗”。故選D。34．推理判斷題。文章最后一段講到“Theresultssuggestthatthetransformationofsensoryinformationintomemoriesinthebraincaninspirefuturemachinelearningandartificialintelligenceapplicationstosolvingplextasks.(研究結(jié)果表明，將感覺信息轉(zhuǎn)化為大腦中的記憶可以激勵未來的機器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能應(yīng)用于解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)。)”可知，研究的結(jié)果表明，大腦中感官性信息轉(zhuǎn)換為記憶能夠啟示未來機器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能在解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)中的運用，因此，對昆蟲大腦的研究能促進人工智能的發(fā)展，故選D。35．推理判斷題。本文全文皆在介紹一項研究，從研究目的到研究方法，再到研究結(jié)果，文章第三段講到“Usingaputermodel,theysimulated(模擬)andanalysedtheputationsinthefruitfly’snervoussysteminresponsetoscentsingfromthefoodsource.(他們使用計算機模型模擬和分析了果蠅神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)對食物來源氣味的反應(yīng)。)”以及最后一段“Theresultssuggestthatthetransformationofsensoryinformationintomemoriesinthebraincaninspirefuturemachinelearningandartificialintelligenceapplicationstosolvingplextasks.(研究結(jié)果表明，將感覺信息轉(zhuǎn)化為大腦中的記憶可以激勵未來的機器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能應(yīng)用于解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)。)”可知，這篇文章的主要目的是說明科學(xué)研究的方法和發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HelpingYourKidstoBeInterestedinSportsBeingactiveandmovingissomethingthatissoimportantforusall,especiallyforchildren.36However,someparentscanfeelshockedwhentheyseethattheirchildisn’tinterestedinsports.Sohowcanyouencouragethemtohaveago?Itissuchagoodideatoleadbyexamplewhenyouareaparent.Thisistrueforavarietyofaspects,butespeciallyforgettingchildreninvolvedinsport.37Soyouneedtobesomeonewhoisinterestedandactive,ifyouwantanyhopeofthemdoingsotoo.Ifyoulayonthecouchalldaythentheywilljustlearntodothattoo.38Althoughtheycanchoosewhotheywanttosupport,seeingyourenthusiasmforaparticularplayerorteamcanbejustwhatisneededtostarttheirjourney.Youcouldlookforateamuniformstoretogetthemasportsshirtwiththeirnameonforexample,aswellasseetheteamplayatoneoftheirgames.39Ifsomethingisdull,itwillbehardforchildrentobeenthusiasticaboutit.Thiswillmakethemresent(討厭)it,whichisnotagoodthingforlaterinlife.Iftheyshowparticularskillandlearntoplaysport,thenmorepracticeandtrainingcanein.40Whentheycanenjoywhattheydo,theywillonlyseeitassomethingfuntodo,ratherthanwhatweasadultsmightseeitas,suchasachoretoburncalories.Whateversportyourchildchoosestoplay,encouragethemandmakeitfun,andthenitwillbesomethingthattheywillwanttocarryondoingastheygoabouttherestoftheirlives.A．Theywon’tbeinterestedinsportsifyou’renot.B．herearesomeothertipsthatyouwouldsharewiththem.C．Shareyourenthusiasmanditwillhelptolightenapassion.D．Sothinkaboutwaysthatcangetthemtobeactiveinthesports.E．Howactiveachildiswillimpacttheiroverallhealthandlearning.F．Apartfromleadingbyexample,youcouldalsoshareyourfavoriteteam.G．However,themainmessageforgettingchildrenintosportistokeepitfun.【答案】36．E37．A38．F39．C40．G【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹一些幫助孩子對運動感興趣的方法。36．根據(jù)上文“Beingactiveandmovingissomethingthatissoimportantforusall,especiallyforchildren.(活躍和運動對我們所有人都非常重要，對兒童來說尤為重要。)”可知，這里強調(diào)活躍和運動對兒童來說尤為重要。選項E“孩子的活躍程度將影響他們的整體健康和學(xué)習(xí)?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選E。37．根據(jù)上文“Itissuchagoodideatoleadbyexamplewhenyouareaparent.

Thisistrueforavarietyofaspects,butespeciallyforgettingchildreninvolvedinsport.(當你為人父母時，以身作則是個好主意。這在很多方面都是正確的，但尤其是在忘記孩子們參與體育運動這方面。)”可知，作為家長要為孩子樹立榜樣，結(jié)合上文提到體育運動，可知選項A“如果你不感興趣，他們就不會對體育感興趣?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選A。38．根據(jù)下文“Althoughtheycanchoosewhotheywanttosupport,seeingyourenthusiasmforaparticularplayerorteamcanbejustwhatisneededtostarttheirjourney.(盡管他們可以選擇他們想要支持的人，但看到你對某個特定球員或球隊的熱情可能正是他們開始旅程所需要的。)”可知，這里建議家長跟孩子分享喜歡的球員或球隊。選項F“除了以身作則，你還可以與他們分享你喜歡的球隊?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選F。39．根據(jù)上文“Youcouldl