Unit2Let'sCelebrate!Usinglanguage情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課件高中英語(yǔ)

1.ThatiswhyLetters

from

Father

Christmas

couldbetheperfectbook...2.Inanotherletter，F(xiàn)atherChristmascomplainedabouthowhecouldnot

stophishelpersplayingwithtoysinsteadof......3....wecanallsharethetruespiritofgivingatChristmastime.4.Interestingly，thelettersdidnotcontaintheusualwarningstochildren

thattheymightnotreceivepresentsiftheywerenotgood.5.Thechildrenmusthavebeenveryexcitedastheyopenedit.6.Theletterswerealsobeautifullyillustrated—eachmusthavetakenits

trueauthorlongtimetocomplete.possibilityabilityadvicepossibilitypossibilitypossibilityGrammar：Modals

UNIT2Let’sCelebrate

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Modals)用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的某種語(yǔ)氣，情感或態(tài)度，如：可能性，意愿，猜測(cè)，義務(wù)，建議，命令，請(qǐng)求等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身具有一定的詞義。常見的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞包括can(could),may(might),will(would),shall(should),oughtto,hadbetter,must,haveto，need,dare,usedto等。本單元主要講情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can，could，may，might，must.1.

基本特征：(1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ)，后面接動(dòng)詞原形；(2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有單數(shù)的變化（beableto，haveto除外）2.基本用法：can，couldmay，mightmust一：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)（possibility）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,can,could,may,might等都有表推測(cè)的用法，都可以對(duì)過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況是否發(fā)生做出語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)弱不同的推測(cè)。1.現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形2.過去：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone1.在肯定句中表推測(cè):(1)Youmusttelllies.

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形（對(duì)現(xiàn)在/將來(lái)的推測(cè)）(2)Hecouldbeathome.Hemaybeathome.Hemightbeathome.could,may,might語(yǔ)氣依次減弱，表示“可能，也許”。must語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，表示“一定”；(非?？隙?（很可能）（可能）（或許,不確定）2.在否定句中表推測(cè):(1)Itcan'tsnowinsummer.maynot，mightnot語(yǔ)氣較弱，表示“可能不”；mustn’t表示“禁止”，不用于否定推測(cè)。(2)Wemightnotgoanywhere.Youmustn'tparkyourcarhere.can’t,couldn’t語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，表示“不可能”；形式用法musthavedone過去一定做過can’t/couldn’thavedone過去不可能做過may/mighthavedone或許/可能做過某事情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone（對(duì)過去的推測(cè)）1.Fromwhatyousaid,shemusthavetoldyouallaboutit.

從你所說(shuō)的來(lái)看,她一定把一切都告訴你了。2.Hecan’thavefinishedthetaskinsuchashorttime.

他不可能在如此短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。3.Theymighthavegivenupthatplan，butIamnotsure.他們可能已經(jīng)放棄了那個(gè)計(jì)劃，但是我也不確定用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空。(1)He_____________haveforgottenit.Itoldhimjustnow.(2)It’stoolate;Ithinkhe__________havegonetobed.

(3)Marywenthome.She_____havefinishedherwork.can’t/couldn’tmay/mightmustcouldhavedone本來(lái)能夠做某事但實(shí)際上沒做should（oughtto）havedone本應(yīng)該做某事但沒做shouldn’t（oughtn’tto）havedone本不應(yīng)該做某事但做了mighthavedone本可以做某事但沒做needn’thavedone本沒有必要做某事但做了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone（用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣）1.Youshouldn’thavetoldherthetruth.

你本不該告訴她真相。2.Icouldhavegivenhimsomehelp,butIwasbusythen.

我本能夠給他一些幫助,但是當(dāng)時(shí)太忙了。3.Youneedn’thavecome,becauseitisSunday.

你本沒必要來(lái),今天是星期天。3.Rewrite重寫theunderlined劃線的sentences句子intheconversationusingcan/could,may/mightandmust.(Atafancydressparty化裝舞會(huì).)Chris:

Ispentagesputtingupalltheballoons氣球andflowerslastnight.Jean:Iexpect我想youarefeelingtired疲憊的now！Chris:Yes,Iam.Look,thatguy男子

isdressedas裝扮成Batman蝙蝠俠.lsthatMike?Jean:

It'spossibly可能him.Checkoutthatgirlovertheredressedasa

bride新娘.

I'msure我確定that'sLucy.Chris:No,Idon'tthink我不認(rèn)為that'sLucy.Lucyisn'tthattall.Jean:Lookatthosetwoguysdressedaschickens!Oh,they'rewaving

at朝...揮手

us!Maybe也許

they'refromourschool.Chris:Let'sgoandfindout弄清楚.(Atafancydressparty化裝舞會(huì))Chris:Ispentagesputtingupalltheballoons氣球andflowerslastnight.Jean:Iexpect我想，我認(rèn)為youarefeelingtirednow!Chris:Yes,Iam.LookthatguyisdressedasBatman.IsthatMike?Jean:It’spossiblyhim.Checkoutthatgirloverthere.

I’msurethat’sLucy.Youmustbetirednow!Itmay/might/couldbehim.ThatmustbeLucy!Chris:No,Idon’tthink我不認(rèn)為that’sLucy.Lucyisn’tthattall.Jean:Lookatthosetwoguysdressedaschickens!Oh,they’rewavingatus!Maybethey’refromourschool.Chris:Let’sgoandfindout.thatcan’tbeLucy!Theymay/might/couldbefromourschool.4.Lookatthepictureandmakeasmanysentencesaspossibleusingcan

/could,may/might

andmust.穿紅色衣服inred的女人一定很開心要買如此多的東西。can

/could,may/might

andmust.Thewomaninredmustbeveryexcitedtobuysomanythings.拿著錢包withawallet的男人

可能不愿意reluctant付錢。can

/could,may/might

andmust.Themanwithawalletinhishandmightbeabitreluctant不愿意的topay.戴著眼鏡的女人

可能很疲憊

因?yàn)槠鸬锰缍伊嗔薱arry很多袋子。can

/could,may/might

andmust.Thewomaninglassesmaybeverytiredtogetupsoearlyandcarrysomanybags.收銀員cashier一定很忙因?yàn)?/p>

有很多人排隊(duì)inline結(jié)賬checkout.can

/could,may/might

andmust.Thecashiermustbebusyastherearealotofpeopleinlinetocheckout.這個(gè)店不可能在一個(gè)小時(shí)后關(guān)門close.can

/could,may/might

andmust.Thestorecan’tbeclosedinanhour.（一）、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can與could的用法1.表示能力:

can用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在的能力,could表示過去的能力。e.g.MygrandmothercandosomeshoppingontheInternet,butshecouldn’tlastyear.我奶奶會(huì)網(wǎng)購(gòu)了,但是去年她還不會(huì)。二：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其他用法2.表示理論上或客觀上的可能性,意為“可能會(huì)，有時(shí)會(huì)”。e.g.Asahumanbeing,anyonecanmakeamistake.

作為人類，任何人都有可能犯錯(cuò)。

Accidentscanhappytoanydrunkendriver.

任何醉酒的司機(jī)都有可能發(fā)生事故。3.表示推測(cè),意為“可能”。多用于否定句或疑問句。e.g.—Canthenewsbetrue?——這個(gè)消息可能是真的嗎?—Itcan’tbetrue.——它不可能是真的。4.表示請(qǐng)求和許可:could語(yǔ)氣比can委婉,但回答時(shí)只能用can。e.g.CanIgonow?現(xiàn)在我可以走了嗎?e.g.—CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?——明天我可以來(lái)看你嗎?

—Yes,youcan.——是的,可以。5.習(xí)慣用法“cannot...too...”表示“無(wú)論……都不過分,越……越好”。有時(shí)cannot可用cannever替代。e.g.Wecannotthankyoutoomuchforwhatyou’vedoneforus.對(duì)于你們?yōu)槲覀兯龅囊磺?我們?cè)趺锤屑つ銈兌疾贿^分。eg：Youcanneverbetoocareful.你越小心越好選出下列句中can/could的含義。A.表示能力 B.表示推測(cè)C.表示請(qǐng)求和許可 D.表示理論或客觀上的可能性(1)Can/CouldIuseyourdictionary?

(2)HecouldnotspeakItalian.

(3)Marycouldn’thavereceivedmyletter,otherwise否則shewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

(4)Everybodycanmakemistakes.

(C)(A)(B) (D)（二）、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may與might的用法表示征求對(duì)方的同意或許可2.或允許對(duì)方做某事(不用might)。e.g.—May/MightIplaythecomputergamesaftersupper?—Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t/can’t.

——晚飯后我可以玩電腦游戲嗎?——是的,可以。/不,不行。e.g.Youmaychoosewhateveryoulike.

你喜歡什么就選擇什么。3.表示推測(cè)(把握不大),意為“可能”。(might比may可能性更小)e.g.Thetrafficisveryheavythesedays.Imayarriveabitlate,socouldyousavemeaplace?這些天交通很擁擠,我可能會(huì)來(lái)晚一點(diǎn),請(qǐng)你幫我留個(gè)位置好嗎?e.g.Shemightgooutbecausethephonewasringingallthetime.

她可能出去了,因?yàn)殡娫捯恢痹陧憽?.may+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ),表示祝愿。e.g.Mayyousucceed.

愿你成功。5.“may/mightaswell+動(dòng)詞原形”表示“不妨,還不如”。e.g.It’snotveryfar,sowemay/mightaswellgoonfoot.

那地方不太遠(yuǎn),所以我們還是走著去吧。選出下列句中may/might的含義。A.表示許可B.表示推測(cè)C.表示祝愿(1)Ithinkhemaycometomorrow.(2)Mayyougoodluck!

(3)MayIwatchTVnow?

(B)(C)(A)（三）、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的用法1.表示“必須”,語(yǔ)氣比should,oughtto（應(yīng)該）強(qiáng)烈。其否定形式為mustn’t(不準(zhǔn);禁止)。e.g.Youmustn’tdothat,becauseyoumustkeepyourword.

你不能那么做,因?yàn)槟愕米袷刂Z言。eg：Studentsmustn’tfallinloveduringschool.

上學(xué)期間學(xué)生禁止談戀愛【要點(diǎn)提示】

以must開頭的一般疑問句的肯定回答中要用must,否定回答中要用needn’t/don’thaveto。e.g.—MustIfinishthepapertoday?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.——今天我必須完成論文嗎?——是的,你必須。/不,你不必。2.表示有把握的肯定推測(cè),只能用在肯定句中,意為“一定”;否定推測(cè)用can’t（不可能）。e.g.Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired.你辛苦工作一整天了,一定累了。eg：Youcan’tbeserious.你不是認(rèn)真的吧。3.表示感情色彩,意為“非得;偏要”,常指令人不快的事情。e.g.ThecarmustbreakdownjustwhenIwasabouttostart.我正要出發(fā)時(shí)車偏偏拋錨了。eg：Whymustyoualwaysbeunnatural！你為什么非得這么不近人情呢？選出下列句中must/mustn’t的含義。A.表示“必須”B.表示“一定;準(zhǔn)是”C.表示“偏要;硬要;偏偏”D.表示“禁止,不許,不準(zhǔn)”(1)Youmustn’tleavetheroomwithoutmypermission允許.

(2)Whymustyoualwaysinterrupt打斷me?

(3)Youmustbehungryafterallthatwalking.

(4)YoumustpracticeyourspokenEnglishifyouwanttoimprove.

(D)(C)(B)(A)Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空1.Wheredidyougo?I______

__findyoujustnow.

2.You___

_takewhateveryoulike.3.You__________aswellstaywhereyouareanditiseasyformetofindyou.4.—____

_Ihandinmyhomeworktonight?—No,you_____

__.You__

__handitintomorrow.5.HespeaksEnglishfluently.He___

__havelearnedEnglishbefore.couldn’t表能力may/can表許可may/mightMust必須needn’t不必can/may表許可must6.You_____betoocarefultocrosstheroad.7.Generallyspeaking,itiswarminspringbutit__

__beverycoldinsomeareas.8.__

__ourfriendshiplastlong.

9.Why___

__yousmokeinthemeetingroom?can’tcan理論上可能會(huì)May表祝愿must非得Ⅱ.完成句子