初高中英語(yǔ)銜接被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)passivevoiceWARMINGUP

Q：英語(yǔ)中如何表達(dá)被的含義？？？沙僧：“大師兄，師傅被妖怪抓走了，大師兄，二師兄被妖怪抓走了，大師兄，師傅和二師兄被妖怪抓走了，大師兄，我被妖怪抓走了?！蹦夸汸art1概念&轉(zhuǎn)換方法Part2被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成及分類(lèi)Part3被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用Part4被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法集錦Part1概念&轉(zhuǎn)換方法0102主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.語(yǔ)態(tài)：表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，英語(yǔ)中只有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)概念1.變賓為主2.把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換方法3.變主語(yǔ)為介詞by的賓語(yǔ)主動(dòng)句：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)

+賓語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句：主語(yǔ)+be+及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞

+by+賓語(yǔ)有題有真相：1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.轉(zhuǎn)換方法有題有真相：2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.轉(zhuǎn)換方法Part02被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成及分類(lèi)

Tip:be隨時(shí)態(tài)變化，稍后呈現(xiàn)～被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+be+過(guò)去分詞+by賓語(yǔ)+其他動(dòng)作承受者構(gòu)成：“助動(dòng)詞be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”

be+done

動(dòng)作動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)間地點(diǎn)等構(gòu)成：S+V+O

（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)）Eg：Tomkilled

him.→He

waskilledbyTom.Shedoesherhomeworkatschool.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）動(dòng)動(dòng)腦及物動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)Answer→Herhomeworkisdonebyheratschool.及物動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

構(gòu)成：S+V+Oi+Od

（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)）.注：帶雙賓語(yǔ)句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，一般把間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，另一個(gè)不動(dòng)。如把直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的則需在間賓前加for或to.→AbookwasgiventomebyTom.雙賓語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)用例句說(shuō)話(huà)：Ibroughthimabook.間接賓語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)：→Hewasbroughtabookbyme.直接賓語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)：→Abookwasbroughtforhimbyme.Hegavetheboyanapple．（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）動(dòng)動(dòng)腦雙賓語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)→Theboywasgivenanapple．→Anapplewasgiventotheboy．Answer雙賓語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

構(gòu)成：S+V+O+C

（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)）Childrensawtheballoonsrising.→Theballoonswereseenrisingbythechildren.

TheywillmakeBeijingmorebeautiful.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))動(dòng)動(dòng)腦帶賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)→Beijingwillbemademorebeautifulbythem．Answer帶賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)賓語(yǔ)從句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.His

mother

gave

him

a

present

for

his

birthday.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.YoumustanswerthequestioninEnglish.牛刀小試AnswerTheboy

wascaughtsmokingacigarette.He

was

given

a

present

by

his

mother

for

his

birthday.She

isoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.We

areoftentoldinterestingstoriesbyhim.

Interestingstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim.5.Thequestionmustbeanswered

inEnglishbyyou.牛刀小試

be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化Part03被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用SunShangxiangwaskilledbyDiaoChan.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用Thelostboyatthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用Thelostboyatthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用was/were+done把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreestwoyearsago.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemtwoyearsago.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用Thesportsmeetingwillbeheldintheplaygroundtomorrow.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用Moreman-madesatellites(人造衛(wèi)星）inthefuture.A.willsendupB.willbesentupC.aresentup一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用Moreman-madesatellites(人造衛(wèi)星）inthefuture.A.willsendupB.willbesentupC.aresentup一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：willbedonebegoingtobedone被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用Thebookisbeingreadbythehard-workingboynow.Thebookwasbeingreadbythehard-workingboyat8:00pmyesterday.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):am/is/are+doing

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):be

+done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/are+beingdone被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):was/were+doing

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):be+done過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/were+beingdone被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用TheDespicableMehasbeenseentwicebythegirl.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Threebridgessincelastyear.A.havebuilt

B.werebuilt

C.havebeenbuilt被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：have/hasbeendoneThreebridgessincelastyear.A.havebuilt

B.werebuilt

C.havebeenbuilt被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用BythetimeIcameback,thefloorhadbeencleanedbymymother.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用BythetimeIcameback,thefloorhadbeencleanedbymymother.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):

hadbeendone被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用

構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過(guò)去分詞

The

baby-sittershould

take

good

care

ofthe

baby.→The

baby

should

be

taken

good

care

of

by

the

baby-sitter.WecaneasilydownloadmusicfromtheInternet.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

動(dòng)動(dòng)腦情態(tài)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)→MusiccanbeeasilydownloadfromtheInternet．Answer情態(tài)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)小試個(gè)牛刀1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.機(jī)智如我被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)歸納總結(jié)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般將來(lái)時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+will+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+being

動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+was/were+being+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+have/has+been+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+had+been+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過(guò)去分詞Part04被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法集錦被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)用法1、不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。eg.ThiskindofcarismadeinShanghai.2、因?yàn)槟撤N原因，不必說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。eg.Iwasinvitedtothepartylastweek.3、需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。eg.Theoldaretakengoodcareofinourcountry.4、句子結(jié)構(gòu)需要--動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者需要有較長(zhǎng)的修飾語(yǔ)，如果用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可能會(huì)引起歧義或影響句子平衡。eg.Thehospitalwasbuiltbyafamousdoctorwhocamehere30yearsago.5、固定句型，表示“據(jù)說(shuō)”、“據(jù)報(bào)道”、“相信，認(rèn)為”等。Itissaidthat.../Itisreportedthat...Itisbelievedthat.../Itiswellknownthat...被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊用法1、還原to不定式的用法在有些主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)“to”常省略掉，但是在改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式“to”必須還原回來(lái)。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有：4“看”see（看見(jiàn)）watch（注視）notice（注意）lookat（看）3“使役”let（讓?zhuān)﹎ake（使）have（使）2“聽(tīng)”hear（聽(tīng)見(jiàn)）listen（聽(tīng)）1“感覺(jué)”feel半“幫助”help被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊用法2、沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（1）不及物動(dòng)詞和相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)happen（發(fā)生）appear（呈現(xiàn)）last（持續(xù)）end（結(jié)束）fail（失敗）sit（坐下）lie（躺）remain（保持）die（死）rise（上升）fall（落下）spread（伸展）disappear（消失）comeout（出現(xiàn)）loseheart（失去信心）keepsilence（保持安靜）takeplace（發(fā)生）breakout（爆發(fā)）fallasleep（入睡）cometrue（實(shí)現(xiàn)）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊用法2、沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組（2）有些及物動(dòng)詞和相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)也不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)have（有、吃、喝）own（擁有）cost（花費(fèi)）fit（適合）watch（注視）notice（注意）marry（結(jié)婚）wish（希望）reach（到達(dá)）know（認(rèn)識(shí)）agreewith（同意）get（得到）join（參加）succeedin（成功）takepartin（參加）arrivein、at（到達(dá)）3、動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義（1）need（需要）、want（想要）、require（需要）作為動(dòng)詞，后面加動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。Eg：Mywatchneedsrepairing.=Mywatchneedstoberepaired.（2）固定搭配beworth+doing（值得...），主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。Eg：Thebookisworthreading.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊用法3、動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義（3）有些動(dòng)詞形式上是主動(dòng)，意思為被動(dòng)，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)往往是物而不是人。read（讀）sell（賣(mài)）draw（畫(huà)畫(huà)）write（寫(xiě)）open（開(kāi)）shut（關(guān)）wear（穿）cut（切割）cook（做飯）drive（駕駛）eg.Thiskindofbreadsellswell.Theknifecutseasily.Thecardriveswell.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊用法Tips：注：be

＋過(guò)去分詞這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，并非都是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),有時(shí)是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。兩者的區(qū)別是：系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語(yǔ)的所處的狀態(tài)或者主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)；被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表示動(dòng)作。The

bowl

is

broken.

這個(gè)碗碎了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）

The

bowl

was

broken

by

my

little

brother.這個(gè)碗是我小弟弟打破的。（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練The

classroom

is

crowded

with

students.

系表結(jié)構(gòu)The

students

were

crowded

into

the

classroom.

被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)The

teaching

building

is

completed.

系表結(jié)構(gòu)The

teaching

building

was

completed

last

month.被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)Answer例題大雜燴1.

No

permission

has

___

for

anybody

to

enter

the

building.

A.

been

given

B.

given

C.

to

give

D.

be

giving

2.

I

___

ten

minutes

to

decide

whether

I

should

reject

theoffer.A.

gave

B.

was

given

C.

was

giving

D.

had

given

3.

---Have

you

moved

into

the

new

house?

---

Not

yet,

the

rooms

___.A.

are

being

paintedB.

are

paintingC.

are

paintedD.

are

being

paintedMultiplechoice:4.

The

police

found

that

the

house

___

and

a

lot

of

things

___.A.

has

broken

into;

has

been

stolen

B.

had

broken

into;