高二英語(yǔ)模塊五;Unit3語(yǔ)言知識(shí)教學(xué)案

高二英語(yǔ)模塊五;Unit3語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)教學(xué)案m5u3語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)

1、arecentannouncementbyscientiststhattheyhavesuccessfullyclonedthefirsthumanembryohascausedmuchdebateandhasshockedmanypeoplearoundtheworld.

該句中that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，作名詞announcement的同位成份。

同位語(yǔ)從句通常放在fact,news,promise,idea,truth,suggestion,word,belief,decision,doubt等詞后面，對(duì)前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步修飾，限制或說(shuō)明。引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的詞除that外；還有連接副詞how,when,where,why等。

①haveyouanyidea?

(公司發(fā)生了什么事嗎？)

②wordcamefrommary.

(會(huì)議昨天已被推遲)

③hedidn’tgivemeanyadvice.

(我該如何解決這道數(shù)學(xué)題)

④hegavemeasuggestion/proposal.

(我該多專(zhuān)心于學(xué)習(xí))

2、ontheonehand,somescientistspointoutthatifyoucloneanembryo,youcanproducevaluabletissuesandorgansthatcouldbeusedtosavehumanlives.

這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，而在賓語(yǔ)從句中又包含一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；其次個(gè)that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾tissuesandorgans.

①myfatherpromised.

(假設(shè)我通過(guò)考試，他會(huì)給我買(mǎi)一新自行車(chē))

②myfathermadeapromise.

(假設(shè)我通過(guò)考試，他會(huì)給我買(mǎi)一新自行車(chē))

on(the)onehand…ontheotherhand…

一方面……另一方面……前一個(gè)the可以省略，后一個(gè)the不能省略。

iwanttogoonatrip.on(the)onehandilikeit;(另一方面我有錢(qián))

英語(yǔ)中常用的表示列舉的詞匯還有:

foronething,…foranother首先…其次…

first(ly),…second(ly)…第一…其次…

3、ontheotherhand,manypeople,includingsomescientists,disagreeandfearthatifmankindinterfereswithnatureinthisway,theymaybeontheirwaytoproducingareal-lifefranklin’smonster.

onone’s/thewaytodoing即將要做某事

onone’sway+n.在……路上

ontheway+adv.在……途中

thewaytodo/ofdoing做……方法

①heisontheway(即將成為一名優(yōu)秀的老師).

②howdoyoufindthewaytheythinkof(解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題)?

③don’tbeangry,theyare(在回家的路上).

相關(guān)短語(yǔ)互譯：

inaway擋路；礙事決不；決非

順便說(shuō)一句inthis/thatwaybytheway

bywayofmakeone’swayfeelone’sway

fightone’swaypushone’swayleadtheway

迷路

4、whilecloninghumanembryosisillegalinmanycountries,somescientistsare–alreadypushingaheadwithresearchsoastodeliveraclonedhumanbaby.

while引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“盡管”；soastodeliver=inordertodeliver…動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。

寫(xiě)出以下各句的while的意思。

①whileiacceptthatheisnotperfect,idoactuallyliketheperson.

②johncameinwhileiwastypingaletter.

③somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven’tenough.

④youdon’thavetoworrywhilewearehere.

pushaheadwith推動(dòng)；推行

itishard(這樣一個(gè)政策是很難推行下去的)

相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：

pushsth.forwardgoahead

aheadoftimeaheadof

譯：1、他在我前面五米遠(yuǎn)跑著。

2、你得提前兩天請(qǐng)假。

deliver在這里的意思是“接生，使分娩”，該詞還有“投遞；釋放；表達(dá)”等意思。

①themorningmail.(剛剛投遞出去)

②thespeech(deliver)bytheprofessorwassomoving.

③herbaby(被接生)byanexperienceddoctor.

相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：

deliversth.tosb.deliveramessage/aletter/deliveraspeech.

5、ifihadthechance,iwouldhaveaclonedbabytomorrow.本句為if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的狀況。

①ifi(come)hereyesterday,iwouldhaveseenhim.

②ifi(be)ateacher,i(be)strictwithmystudents.

③ifit(snow)tomorrow,they(not/go)out.

留意：上面三句假如去掉if，從句那么要局部倒裝。將助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于句首。例：

①iateacher,iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.

②(假如你那時(shí)聽(tīng)我的話(huà))，

youwouldn’thavemadethemistake.

留意：有時(shí)虛擬條件不用從句，而用介詞(without,butfor等)或上下文示意條件來(lái)表示。

①whatakindteacher!butforhishelp,imystudy.

a.wouldn’tfinishb.wouldn’thavefinished

c.shouldn’thavefinishedd.mustn’thavefinished

②withoutair,we(can/live).

6、wecouldproducemonster,orevenasuperhumanracethatcouldonedayendupreplacingus.

endup“以……而告終”后接此時(shí)此刻分詞，類(lèi)似短語(yǔ)有endupwith/in后一般加名詞。

①ifyoucontinuelikethis,youwillendup(lift)astoneonlytohaveitdropon

yourownfoot.

②wastefulpeopleusually(陷入債務(wù))

③ourparty(以一首英文歌完畢).

replacevt.代替，取代，放回，置于原處

①replaceadictionaryontheshelf.

②cananything?(取代母親的愛(ài)和關(guān)切嗎？)

表示“代替”的詞或詞組：instead/insteadof/inplaceofsb./insb’splace/taketheplaceofsb.

7、noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.此句是局部否認(rèn)。

英語(yǔ)中的all,both,each,everybody,everything,complete,always,entirely,altogether等具有總括意義的代詞、形容詞和副詞與否認(rèn)詞not連用，構(gòu)成局部否認(rèn)，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。

譯：①hedoesnotalwaysplayfootball.

②nobothbrothersarehere.

③everythingisn’tready.

④allofthemarenothere.

全部否認(rèn)的詞有：no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere,nomore,noway等。

①—anathletecannotplayhisbestincompetitions.

—yes,itdependsuponhismentalandphysicalstate.

a.everb.sometimesc.alwaysd.never

②iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butidon’tagreewith.

a.everythingb.anythingc.somethingd.nothing

8、thedevelopinganddevelopedcountriesoftheworldneedtoworktogethertoensurethatpeopleenjoyhealthyandproductivelives,withouttheenvironmentaroundthemsuffering.

不定式短語(yǔ)toensure作目的狀語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句作ensure的賓語(yǔ)，without引導(dǎo)的介詞復(fù)合構(gòu)造作狀語(yǔ)。

介詞with/without+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)構(gòu)造如下：

with+n./pron.+adj.

with+n./pron.+adv.

with+n./pron.+介詞短語(yǔ)

with+n./pron.+動(dòng)詞—ed形式

with+n./pron.+動(dòng)詞—ing形式

with+n./pron.+動(dòng)詞不定式

with+n./pron.+n.

①theoldmanhadtostayinthestation,/

(口袋里沒(méi)有一分錢(qián))

②(作業(yè)做好了),peterwentouttoplay.

③(有許多作業(yè)要做),petercan’tgoouttoplay.

④icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise.

a.goingonb.goesonc.wentond.togoon

⑤withastick(小棍是我唯一的武器),ifoughtagainstthethief.

⑥(有那小男孩帶路),wehadnodifficultyfindingherhome.

⑦ilikesleeping(窗戶(hù)開(kāi)著)and(燈關(guān)了).

9.theverygenesthatmakecropsresistanttopestsanddiseasecouldbeharmfultoanimals.

“very”在這里是形容詞，意思是“同一的，正是的”如：

①thesearethewordsheused.這就是他的原話(huà)。

②(這正是我昨天丟失的手機(jī)).

10.wouldanyonesaythateconomicdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?

短語(yǔ)infavourof意思是“有利于；贊同。”后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。

①weare(贊成改革).

②italkedtomyfriendaboutit,andhe’sall.

(贊同放棄這個(gè)準(zhǔn)備)

相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：

insb’sfavourasksb.afavour

dosb.afavour

答案

1、①whathashappenedinthecompany.

②thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.

③howishouldsolvethismathsproblem.

④thatishouldconcentratemoreonmystudies.

2、①thatifipassedtheexam,hewouldbuymeanewbike.

②thatifipassedtheexam,hewouldbuymeanewbike.

ontheotherhandihavesomemoney

3、①tobecomingagoodteacher

②tosolvetheproblem

③onthewayhome

在某種程度上/阻礙/決不/在任何方面/用這種/那種方法/順便問(wèn)一下/經(jīng)由/前進(jìn)/摸索著前進(jìn)/奮力前進(jìn)/擠著前進(jìn)/帶路/迷路

4、①盡管；②當(dāng)…時(shí)候；③然而；④只要

topushaheadwithsuchapolicy

提出某事/前進(jìn)(請(qǐng)吧/用吧)/提前/在…之前(空間/時(shí)間)/(比…好)

①hewasrunning5metresaheadofme.②