2023屆山東省菏澤市高三二模英語 含解析

全市高三第二次模擬測(cè)試

英語試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需

改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上在本

試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A,B,C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

CashCompositionContest

InsupportofFinancialLiteracyMonth（April）,MichiganStateUniversityExtensionand4-H,ayouth

organization,arecoordinating（協(xié)調(diào)）theCashCompositionContest.YouthsresidinginMichiganareencouraged

toanswerthisyear'sessayquestionwithanessayof300wordsorless.The5top-scoringessayswilleachwina

$100giftcardthankstothegeneroussponsorshipbyExtraCreditUnion.

Timeline

April30,2023:Essaysubmissiondueby11:59pm

May31,2023:Winnersnotified

CashCompositionTopic

Whatisthedifferencebetweenaneedandawant?Discusshowyoudetermineifsomethingisaneedora

want.Howcanyoumakesureyouhaveenoughmoneytogetyourneedsandstillenjoysomeofyourwants?Share

howneedsandwantsmightchangethroughoutone'slife.

GradingStandards

?QualityofWriting

?OrganizationandInformation

?Grammar

Guidelines

Participantsmust:

?Between9-12yearsofageasofJanuary1,2023livinginthestateofMichigan.

?Haveknowledgeofmoneymanagementsuchassaving,spending,borrowing,andplanningappropriatefor

ageandgradelevel.

Requirements

?Youthsmusthaveparentalorguardianpermissiontoapplyandparticipate.

?Theapplicationformmustbecompletedbyaparent/guardian.

?Youthsmustwriteanessay（300wordsorless）ontheassignedtopicabove.

?Essaysmustbesubmittedonthecontestregistrationpage.

?Theessaymustbetheworkofthestudentsubmittingit.Itishighlyrecommendedthatyouthswritetheir

essaypriortocompletingtheregistration/submissionform.

I.Whowillsponsorthecontestprizes?

A.MichiganStateUniversity.B.ExtraCreditUnion.

C.Alocalyouthorganization.D.ThestateofMichigan.

2.Whatwillbefocusedonintheentry?

A.Thechangesthroughoutone'slife.

B.Thewaystoimprovequalityofwriting.

C.Theneedforcharitymanagement.

D.Thediscussionsonneedsandwants.

3.Whichwillresultindisqualificationforanapplicant?

A.SubmittingtheessayonApril29.B.Writinganessayof300words.

C.Fillingtheapplicationforminperson.D.Finishingtheessaybeforeregistration.

【答案】l.B2.D3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了寫作比賽的相關(guān)事宜。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段末句"The5top-scoringessayswilleachwina$100giftcardthankstothegenerous

sponsorshipbyExtraCreditUnion.（由于ExtraCreditUnion的慷慨贊助，得分最高的5篇文章將每人贏得

100美元的禮品卡。）”可知,本次比賽的獎(jiǎng)品將由ExtraCreditUnion贊助。故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段末句"Sharehowneedsandwantsmightchangethroughoutone'slife.（分享在一個(gè)

人的一生中需求和欲望是如何變化的。）”可知，關(guān)于需求和欲望的討論將是參賽作品的重點(diǎn)。故選D。

3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段"Theapplicationformmustbecompletedbyaparent/guardian.（申請(qǐng)表格必須

由家長(zhǎng)/監(jiān)護(hù)人填寫。）”可知，申請(qǐng)人如親自填寫申請(qǐng)表格，將被取消資格。故選C。

B

Atahotel,surroundedbyteammates,hegottheemail.utDearSpencerHeslop.,,itread,“youhavebeeninvited

toparticipateintheSelectionCampfortheUSMen'sNationalTeamfor2022.^^

TherecentgraduatefromUniversityofMichiganSchoolofPublicHealth,dreamedoftheopportunitytoplay

fbrtheUnitedStatessincehewassevenyearsold.Afterhedevelopedadiseasethatoftenresultsindamagetothe

spinalcord（脊髓）andnerves,Heslop'sparentspushedhimtotrywheelchairbasketball.

Byhighschool,Heslopplayedwheelchairbasketballonacompetitivebasketballteam.Theexperienceopened

hiseyestotheworldofadaptivesports,whichbecamehisfavorite.Whilehewasneverthebiggestorstrongest

player,Heslophadafeelforthegameandadesiretotakeitfurther.Facedwithmanychallenges,heworked

tirelesslytodevelopchairskillsandconditioningthatmadehimmoreexplosive.

“AsIappliedtograduateschool,IknewIwouldplaywhereverIwasplanningtogo,“Heslopsaid."University

ofMichiganwasnearthetopofmylistacademically.Ialsoheardthattheyweretryingtogetanadaptivesports

programgoing,andthathelpedmemakemychoice.^^UniversityofMichiganAdaptiveSportsandFitnesswas

formedin2018toaddresstheinequitableaccesstophysicalactivityopportunities,competitiveandrecreational,for

studentswithdisabilitiesatUniversityofMichigan.

SinceHeslopjoinedtheprogramin2020,UniversityofMichigan'swheelchairbasketballteambecamepart

oftheNWBA'sDivisionII.Afterleadingtheteamtoan8th-placefinishattheNWBANationalsinApril2022,

HeslopparticipatedintheUSMen'sNationalTeamSelectionCampwherehefoughtagainst30ofthenationto

athletesandmadethefinaltwelve-manroster.Thisgavetherecentlygraduatedyoungmanabettershotathis

ultimategoal:playingforhiscountryintheParalympicGames.

4.WhathelpedHeslopdevelophispassionforadaptivesports?

A.Theunexpecteddiseaseatseven.

B.Theemailhereceivedatahotel.

C.TheUniversityofMichiganhedreamedof.

D.Theexperienceinawheelchairbasketballteam.

5.WhydidHeslopchooseUniversityofMichigan?

A.Heacceptedalargesumofscholarship.

B.Hecouldjoinhisfavoritesportsprogram.

C.Hewaspromisedachancetoplayforthecountry.

D.HewasinvitedtosetupAdaptiveSportsandFitness.

6.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthelastparagraph?

A.Heslop'sachievements.B.Heslop'sultimategoal.

C.Heslop'ssuperiorleadership.D.Heslop'sbrightfuture.

7.WhichcanbestdescribeHeslop?

A.Generous.B.Reliable.C.Creative.D.Determined.

【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述SpencerHeslop患上一種經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致脊髓和神經(jīng)損傷的疾病后打輪椅

籃球，在2022年4月帶領(lǐng)球隊(duì)在NWBA全國比賽中獲得第八名后，他參加了美國男子國家隊(duì)選拔營(yíng)，

在那里他與30名全國運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，并進(jìn)入了最后的12人名單。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的"Byhighschool,Heslopplayedwheelchairbasketballonacompetitivebasketball

team.Theexperienceopenedhiseyestotheworldofadaptivesports,whichbecamehisfavorite.（高中時(shí)，

Heslop在一個(gè)競(jìng)技籃球隊(duì)打輪椅籃球。這次經(jīng)歷讓他看到了適應(yīng)性運(yùn)動(dòng)的世界，這成為了他的最愛。）”

可知，讓Heslop對(duì)適應(yīng)性運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生了熱情的是在輪椅籃球隊(duì)的經(jīng)歷。故選D。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“UniversityofMichiganwasnearthetopofmylistacademically.Ialsoheardthat

theyweretryingtogetanadaptivesportsprogramgoing,andthathelpedmemakemychoice.（密歇根大學(xué)在我

的學(xué)術(shù)名單上名列前茅。我還聽說他們正在努力開展適應(yīng)性體育項(xiàng)目，這幫助我做出了選擇。）”可知，

Heslop選擇密歇根大學(xué)是因?yàn)樗梢詤⒓铀钕矚g的體育項(xiàng)目。故選B。

【6題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的"Afterleadingtheteamtoan8th-placefinishattheNWBANationalsinApril

2022,HeslopparticipatedintheUSMen'sNationalTeamSelectionCampwherehefoughtagainst30ofthe

nationtoathletesandmadethefinaltwelve-manroster.（在2022年4月帶領(lǐng)球隊(duì)在NWBA全國比賽中獲得第

八名后，Heslop參加了美國男子國家隊(duì)選拔營(yíng)，在那里他與30名全國運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，并進(jìn)入了最后

的12人名單。）”可知，最后一段主要討論了Heslop所取得的成就。故選A。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的"Facedwithmanychallenges,heworkedtirelesslytodevelopchairskillsand

conditioningthatmadehimmoreexplosive.（面對(duì)許多挑戰(zhàn)，他孜孜不倦地學(xué)習(xí)椅子技巧和調(diào)節(jié)，使他更具

爆發(fā)力。）”可知，Heslop是有決心的，故選D。

C

Whenyou'rebored,youmightstartplayingwithaballorotherobjects.Suchbehavioriscommoninpeople.

Otheranimalslikeittoo-that'swhyadogfetchesastick,oracatbatsattoys.Playisanenjoyablewaytopassthe

time.Anewstudyfindsthatit'snotjustmammalsthatliketoplay.Bumblebees（大黃蜂）doittoo,makingthem

thefirstinsectsknowntoplay.

Inthestudy,HiruniSamadiGalpayageDona,aninsectexpert,didanexperimentusing200untrained

bumblebeestoseeiftheymightplay.Ofthose,45wouldbemarkedwithanumberwhentheyemergedasadults.

Apathwaywassetupfromthebumblebees9nesttoafeedingarea.Onesidecontainedsmallwoodenballsthat

rolled.Theothersidehadthesamenumberofballs,buttheywerestuck,tothefloor.Halfballsoneachsidewere

coloredballs.Therestwereleftunpainted.

Forthreehoursadayover18days,GalpayageDonafoundbumblebeesweren'tsointerestedinthesidewhere

theballsdidn'tmove,buttheyexploredthesideareasandinteractedwiththeballs.Oncetheymanagedtorolla

ball,theystronglypreferredthatside.Theyreturned,climbingontheballsandrollingthemaround.Shealsofound

bumblebeespreferredcertaincolorsofballs.

“There'ssomethingaboutthemobilitythatismoreinterestingforthebumblebeesthanjustcoloredobjects,“

GalpayageDonasays.Inanotherexperiment,shesometimeslefttheballsoutovernight."WhenIcameinthenext

day,Iwouldalwaysfindsomebumblebeesrollingtheballs.^^Aswithmammals,thebumblebeeswhoplayedthe

mostweretheyoungerones.Theirplaytaoeredoffastheygotolder.

Thescientistssayit'snotclearwhythebumblebeesrolltheballsorwhethertheyenjoyit.Buttheexperiment

raisesimportantquestionsabouthowtheinsects'mindsworkandwhethertheyhavefeelings.

8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Bydescribingthefunofplay.B.Byanalyzingreasonsforboredom.

C.Byintroducingsimilarphenomena.D.Bypresentinganimals'cuteimages.

9.Whatdidtheresearcherdointheexperiment?

A.Shetrainedbumblebeestoplayballs.

B.Sheputsmallballsalongthepathway.

C.Shesetupapathwayinbumblebees?nest.

D.Sherewardedthebumblebeeswithrolledballs.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“taperedoff'probablymeaninparagraph5?

A.Mattered.B.Helped.C.Decreased.D.Emerged.

11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.BumblebeesPreferShapetoColor

B.BallsAreBumblebees,FavoriteToys

C.PlayingwithObjectsIsAnimals5SecondNature

D.BumblebeesAretheFirstInsectsKnowntoPlay

【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，喜歡玩耍的不僅僅是哺乳動(dòng)物。大黃蜂也這樣做，這使

它們成為已知的喜歡玩耍的第一種昆蟲。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段"Whenyou'rebored,youmightstartplayingwithaballorotherobjects.Such

behavioriscommoninpeople.Otheranimalslikeittoo-that'swhyadogfetchesastick,oracatbatsattoys.

Playisanenjoyablewaytopassthetime.Anewstudyfindsthatit,snotjustmammalsthatliketoplay.

Bumblebees（大黃蜂）doittoo,makingthemthefirstinsectsknowntoplay.（當(dāng)你感到無聊時(shí)，你可能會(huì)開始

玩球或其他物體。這種行為在人群中很常見。其他動(dòng)物也喜歡它——這就是為什么狗會(huì)撿到一根棍子，

或者貓會(huì)向玩具發(fā)起攻擊。玩耍是消磨時(shí)間的一種令人愉快的方式。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，喜歡玩耍的不

僅僅是哺乳動(dòng)物。大黃蜂也這樣做，使它們成為已知的第一種昆蟲）”可知，作者介紹了人類和一些動(dòng)物

是相似的，都會(huì)通過玩耍來消磨時(shí)間，以此來引起文章主題——大黃蜂也這樣做。由此推知，作者通過

介紹相似現(xiàn)象來引起文章主題。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Apathwaywassetupfromthebumblebees'nesttoafeedingarea.Oneside

containedsmallwoodenballsthatrolled』一條小路從大黃蜂的巢穴通往一個(gè)進(jìn)食區(qū)。一邊是滾動(dòng)的小木

球）”可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究者她把小球放在小路上。故選B。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文"Aswithmammals,thebumblebeeswhoplayedthemostweretheyounger

ones.（和哺乳動(dòng)物一樣，大黃蜂玩得最多的是年輕的）”和劃線詞所在句子“Theirplavtaperedoffasthey

gotolder.（隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，它們的玩耍逐漸taperedoff）”可知，和哺乳動(dòng)物一樣，大黃蜂玩得最多的是

年輕的，這說明那些歲數(shù)大的黃蜂玩得較少。由此推知，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，大黃蜂的玩得次數(shù)減少。由

此推知,劃線短語“taperedoff”意為“減少”，與C項(xiàng)“Decreased.（減少）”意思一樣。故選C。

[11題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中"Anewstudyfindsthatit'snotjustmammalsthatliketoplay.

Bumblebees（大黃蜂）doittoo,makingthemthefirstinsectsknowntoplay.（一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，喜歡玩耍的

不僅僅是哺乳動(dòng)物。大黃蜂也這樣做，使它們成為已知的第一種昆蟲）”可知，文章主要講了實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，

大黃蜂是已知的喜歡玩耍的第一種昆蟲。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“大黃蜂是已知的玩耍的第一種昆蟲”適合做

文章標(biāo)題。故選D。

D

TheUNthisweeklaunchedareporturgingcompaniestostopissuingfalsenet-zerotargetsthatamountto

greenwashing.

Greenwashingisatermusedtodescribesituationswherecompaniesmisleadconsumersbyclaimingtobeeco-

friendlyorsustainableasamarketingplanratherthanasacoreprincipleoftheirbusinessmodel.Often,these

industriesspendmoremoneymakingthemselvesappearsustainablethantheydotakingactualsustainablemeasures

intotheircompany.

Cities,financialinstitutions,andscoresofcompanieshaveannouncedplanstoreducetheiremissionstozero,

which,inprinciple,shouldhelpthefightagainstclimatechange.

“Theproblemisthatthecriteriaforthesenet-zerocommitmentshavevaryinglevelsofprecisionandloopholes

（漏洞）JsaidUNSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterresduringthelaunchofthereport.

Manynet-zeroplanscontainfar-awayoruncleartargetsandoftencallfortheuseofunprovedtechnologies

likecarboncaptureandtreeplanting,whicheffectivelyallowcompaniestocontinuepollutingtheatmosphere.

Studiesshowthatmostofthesenet-zeroplanswilldolittletostoptemperaturesfromrising.Forexample,manyoil

majorshaveannouncedplanstoreduceemissionsfromtheiroperationstozeroby2050thatdonottakeintoaccount

thecarbonemittedbythefossilfuelstheysell,whichwouldallowthemtoincreaseproduction.Farfromdecreasing,

fossilfuelproductionisgoingstrong.

Toclosethesenet-zeroloopholes,theUNthisweekreleasedareportthatincludes10recommendationsto

ensurethatcompanies,cities,regions,andothernon-stateactorsissuecredibleandaccountablenetzero

commitments.uTheirplanscannotrelyoncheapcarboncreditsinsteadofimmediatelycuttingtheirownemissions,9,

Guterressaid.

Financialinstitutionsneedtocutdownemissionsfromalltheirinvestmentsandbusinessesneedtobringdown

thecarbonfootprintoftheirsupplychain,thereportsaid.Thereport'sleadauthor,CatherineMcKenna,urged

companiestoreleasenewnet-zerotargetswithinayear.Theupdatedtargetsmustcontainconcreteactionabledetails.

12.Whatdoes“greenwashing“referto?

A.Agreentechnology.B.Amisleadingstatement.

C.Abusinessmodel.D.Aspendingtarget.

13.Whydoestheauthormentiontheoilmajors?

A.Toproveoilmajorsarereallyresponsible.

B.Tosetsomegoodexamplesforothercompanies.

C.Toshowsomenet-zerocommitmentsmakenosense.

D.Toindicatethebenefitofnetzeroplanstoclimatechange.

14.HowdoesGuterresfeelabouttheissuednet-zeroplans?

A.Dissatisfied.B.Guilty.C.Shocked.D.Confused.

15.Whatisadvisedtodotofixnet-zeroloopholes?

A.Plantmoretrees.B.Sharemoresupplychains.

C.Dependoncheapcarboncredits.D.Makeconcreteactionabletargets.

【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了聯(lián)合國本周發(fā)布了一份報(bào)告，敦促企業(yè)停止發(fā)布相當(dāng)于“洗

綠”的虛假凈零目標(biāo)。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Greenwashingisatermusedtodescribesituationswherecompaniesmislead

consumersbyclaimingtobeeco-friendlyorsustainableasamarketingplanratherthanasacoreprincipleoftheir

businessmodel.（“綠色清洗”是一個(gè)術(shù)語，用來描述這樣一種情況：企業(yè)聲稱自己是環(huán)保型或可持續(xù)型的

營(yíng)銷計(jì)劃，而不是其商業(yè)模式的核心原則，從而誤導(dǎo)消費(fèi)者）”可推知，“洗綠”指的是一種誤導(dǎo)性的說

法。故選B。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句話"Manynet-zeroplanscontainfar-awayoruncleartargetsandoftencallfor

theuseofunprovedtechnologieslikecarboncaptureandtreeplanting,whicheffectivelyallowcompaniesto

continuepollutingtheatmosphere（許多凈零排放計(jì)劃包含遙遠(yuǎn)或不明確的目標(biāo)，往往要求使用未經(jīng)證實(shí)的

技術(shù)，如碳捕獲和植樹，這實(shí)際上允許企業(yè)繼續(xù)污染大氣）”可知，一些凈零承諾包含遙遠(yuǎn)或不明確的目

標(biāo)，往往要求使用未經(jīng)證實(shí)的技術(shù)，這會(huì)允許企業(yè)繼續(xù)污染大氣。由此推知，一些凈零承諾是沒有意義

的。接著文章列舉石油巨頭的例子"Forexample,manyoilmajorshaveannouncedplanstoreduceemissions

fromtheiroperationstozeroby2050thatdonottakeintoaccountthecarbonemittedbythefossilfuelstheysell,

whichwouldallowthemtoincreaseproduction.Farfromdecreasing,fossilfuelproductionisgoingstrong.（例

如，許多石油巨頭宣布了到2050年將其業(yè)務(wù)排放量減至零的計(jì)劃，這些計(jì)劃沒有考慮到它們銷售的化石

燃料所排放的碳，這將使它們能夠增加產(chǎn)量。化石燃料產(chǎn)量非但沒有下降，反而增長(zhǎng)強(qiáng)勁）”來說明一些

凈零承諾是沒有意義的。故選C。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中''"Theproblemisthatthecriteriaforthesenet-zerocommitmentshavevarying

levelsofprecisionandloopholes（漏洞）,“saidUNSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterresduringthelaunchofthe

report」“問題在于，這些凈零排放承諾的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有不同程度的精確性和漏洞，”聯(lián)合國秘書長(zhǎng)Antonio

Guterres在報(bào)告發(fā)布時(shí)說）”可推知，Guterres對(duì)凈零計(jì)劃是不滿意的。故選A。

【15題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thereport'sleadauthor,CatherineMcKenna,urgedcompaniestoreleasenew

net-zerotargetswithinayear.Theupdatedtargetsmustcontainconcreteactionabledetails.（該報(bào)告的主要作者

CatherineMcKenna敦促企業(yè)在一年內(nèi)公布新的凈零排放目標(biāo)。更新后的目標(biāo)必須包含具體的可操作細(xì)

節(jié)）”可知，建議制定具體可行的目標(biāo)來彌補(bǔ)凈零漏洞，故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Learninghowtocareforasadpersonwillhelpyoubethereforyourlovedonesandfriendswhentheyare

down.However,knowinghowtocareforasadpersonisnotsomethinganindividualisbornwith.16

Hereareafewtipsthatwilleventuallyhelpyouliftthespiritofasadperson.

Giveahug.Huggingsomeoneshowsyouraffectionandcare.17Thiscanmakethemfeelrelaxed

andopentoyou.Thiscanalsohelpthemrecognizethatyouaretheretohelpthemgothroughthismoment.With

nokindandlovingwords,youractionshavealreadysaidalot.

18Now,goonandsaysomekindwords.Wordslike'Tmhere”,“weareinthistogether”,"you'll

getoverthis","leanonme“andsoon,canhelpasadpersonfeelbetterandknowthatyou'retheretotake

him/herthroughthesadmoment.

Usetherighttoneofvoice.19Theygoalongwithtonetoconveyameaningtothelistener.To

conveyyourwordswithfaiththatwouldcreateapositiveeffectonthesadperson,youwouldneedtosayitwith

therighttoneofvoice.

Listenpatiently.Peopleasklotsofquestionsbuttheyenduppayinglittleattentiontogettingthefeedback

（反饋）thattheywanted.Don'tbethatperson.Afteraskingthequestions,listenpatientlytoknowwhatthesad

personwouldappreciateatthattime.20

A.Saykindlovingwords.

B.Makeuseofpoliteexpressions.

C.Thenchoosetoappreciateotherstoo.

D.Rememberthatwordsdonotstandalone.

E.Itwillhelpyouknowhowtoofferthebestfittinghelp.

F.Thisknowledgeisgainedthroughresearchandpractice.

G.Whenyoudothistosomeone,theycanfeelyourwarmth.

【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.D20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何照顧一個(gè)傷心的人。

【【6題詳解】

根據(jù)上文4,Learninghowtocareforasadpersonwillhelpyoubethereforyourlovedonesandfriendswhen

theyaredown.However,knowinghowtocareforasadpersonisnotsomethinganindividualisbornwith.（學(xué)習(xí)

如何關(guān)心一個(gè)傷心人會(huì)幫助你在你愛的人和朋友倒下的時(shí)候陪在他們身邊。然而，知道如何照顧一個(gè)

傷心的人并不是一個(gè)人與生俱來的）”可知，上文提到“知道如何照顧一個(gè)傷心的人并不是一個(gè)人與生俱

來的”，說明需要通過研究和實(shí)踐獲得，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)Thisknowledge對(duì)應(yīng)上文knowinghowtocareforasad

persono故F選項(xiàng)“這些知識(shí)是通過研究和實(shí)踐獲得的"符合語境，故選F。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Giveahug.Huggingsomeoneshowsyouraffectionandcare.（給一個(gè)擁抱。擁抱某人表示你的愛

和關(guān)心）“以及后文"Thiscanmakethemfeelrelaxedandopentoyou.（這會(huì)讓他們感到放松，對(duì)你敞開心

扉）”可知，擁抱某人表示你的愛和關(guān)心，所以當(dāng)你對(duì)別人這樣做時(shí)，他們能感受到你的溫暖。故G選項(xiàng)

“當(dāng)你對(duì)別人這樣做時(shí)，他們能感受到你的溫暖”承接上文，指出擁抱某人的好處，符合語境，故選

G?

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文"Now,goonandsaysomekindwords.Wordslike"I'mhere","weareinthistogether","you'llget

overthis","leanonme“andsoon,canhelpasadpersonfeelbetterandknowthatyou,retheretotakehim/her

throughthesadmoment.（現(xiàn)在，繼續(xù)說幾句好話吧。像“我在這里”、“我們?cè)谝黄稹?、“你?huì)挺過來

的”、“依靠我”之類的話，可以幫助悲傷的人感覺好一點(diǎn)，讓他們知道你會(huì)陪著他/她度過悲傷的時(shí)

刻）”可知，本段主要關(guān)于對(duì)別人說一些暖心的話語，故A選項(xiàng)“說些親切的愛的話”符合語境，故選

Ao

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Usetherighttoneofvoice.（使用正確的語氣）”以及后文"Theygoalongwithtonetoconveya

meaningtothelistener^它們配合語氣向聽者傳達(dá)意思）”可知，后文提到言語配合語氣向聽者傳達(dá)意思，

說明不是孤立的，D選項(xiàng)words對(duì)應(yīng)后文they。故D選項(xiàng)“記住，言語不是孤立的”符合語境，故選

D?

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Afteraskingthequestions,listenpatientlytoknowwhatthesadpersonwouldappreciateatthat

time.（問完問題后，耐心地聽，知道那個(gè)悲傷的人當(dāng)時(shí)會(huì)感激什么）”可知，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接

上文說明傾聽的作用：幫助你知道如何提供最合適的幫助，故E選項(xiàng)"它將幫助你知道如何提供最合適

的幫助”符合語境，故選E。

第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

HurricaneIanhitFloridaandbroughtwithitflooding,windsandarecordhighstorm.

Karenis84yearsoldandreliesonawheelchairto21becausesheismissingaleg.HersonJohnny

tried22togethertoleave,butsherefusedagainandagain—she23theintensityofthestorm.

Johnnylivesfourblocksaway.WhenKarenreportedthewaterinherhousehadreachedherwaist,heknew

hehadtotake24.

First,Johnny25hiskidsweretakencareof.Hegavethemfoodandopenedtheattic（閣樓）sothat

theycould26throughtheroofifwatercontinuedtorise.Then,hejumpedoutofawindowandbeganto

27.

Johnnywasracingagainsttheclock.Heknewheonlyhada（n）28periodoftimetogettherebefore

thewaterroseaboveKaren's29.Ittookhim40minutestoswimfourblocks.ThesoundofKarenyelling

was30tohisears!Shewasstillalive!

EveryoneinJohnny'sfamilyisnow3jalthoughthey'velosteverythingtheyowned.Butthey're

32justtobehere.

“Ididn9tlose33.Lifeislikeacomputer,there9retwo34:aresetandapower—and

weareblessedthatitwasjustaresetbutton,notthepower,thatgot35Jhesaid.

21.A.getaroundB.helpoutC.situpD.workout

22.A.simplyB.repeatedlyC.obviouslyD.particularly

23.A.calculatedB.identifiedC.experiencedD.underestimated

24.A.careB.placeC.actionD.charge

25.A.provedB.ensuredC.noticedD.admitted

26.A.expandB.assistC.escapeD.dominate

27.A.runB.rideC.driveD.swim

28.A.shortB.efficientC.idealD.indefinite

29.A.waistB.anklesC.headD.knees

30.A.harmB.musicC.adviceD.news

31.A.responsibleB.remarkableC.innocentD.safe

32.A.gratefulB.sureC.concernedD.surprised

33.A.memoryB.hopeC.sightD.weight

34.A.screensB.keyboardsC.buttonsD.monitors

35.A.preparedB.separatedC.injuredD.hit

【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.B31.

D32.A33.B34.C35.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了強(qiáng)烈的暴風(fēng)雨發(fā)生時(shí)，Johnny游了四個(gè)街區(qū)，去救自己因缺少

一條腿而坐輪椅的母親。雖然這場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨讓他們失去了家里所有的東西，但幸運(yùn)的是，一家人都安全地活

下來，這是很重要的。

[21題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:Karen今年84歲，因缺了一條腿，她需要依靠輪椅行走。A.getaround到

處走走;B.helpout幫忙...擺脫困難；C.situp端坐;D.workout解決出。由下文“becausesheis

missingaleg.”可知，Karen缺了一條腿，所以她需要依靠輪椅到處行走，故選A。

【22題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她的兒子Johnny再三試圖讓她離開家里，但她一次又一次地拒絕一一她低估

了暴風(fēng)雨的強(qiáng)度。A.simply簡(jiǎn)單地；B.repeatedly重復(fù)地；再三地;C.obviously顯然地;D.particularly

尤其；特別。由下文"butsherefusedagainandagain”可知，她兒子讓她離開家里，但是她一遍又一遍拒

絕兒子的要求，由此可知，她的兒子再三試圖讓她離開，故選B。

[23題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的兒子Johnny再三試圖讓她離開，但她一次又一次地拒絕一一她低估了暴

風(fēng)雨的強(qiáng)度。A.calculated計(jì)算；B.identified辨認(rèn)；C.experienced經(jīng)歷；D.underestimated低估。由第一

段uHurricaneIanhitFloridaandbroughtwithitflooding,windsandarecordhighstorm.（颶風(fēng)伊恩襲擊了佛羅

里達(dá)州，帶來了洪水、狂風(fēng)和創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的暴風(fēng)雨。）"和下文"WhenKarenreportedthewaterinherhousehad

reachedherwaist（當(dāng)Karen說她家的水已經(jīng)到了她的腰部時(shí)）”和上文提到兒子讓她離開可知，暴風(fēng)雨強(qiáng)度

很大，兒子勸她離開家里，但是她拒絕兒子的要求，由此可知，她低估了暴風(fēng)雨的強(qiáng)度，故選D。

【24題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Karen說她家的水已經(jīng)到了她的腰部時(shí)，他知道他必須采取行動(dòng)了。A.care

關(guān)心；B.place地方；C.action行動(dòng)；D.charge費(fèi)用。由上文“WhenKarenreportedthewaterinherhouse

hadreachedherwaist,heknewhehadtotaken可知，在聽到母親說家里的水已經(jīng)到了她的腰部時(shí)，Johnny

意識(shí)到自己必須采取去救自己的母親，故選C。

[25題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，Johnny確保他的孩子得到照顧。A.proved證明；B.ensured確保；C.

noticed注意；D.admitted承認(rèn)。由下文“Hegavethemfood”和文章提到他聽到母親說他家里的水已經(jīng)到

腰部可知，Johnny要去幫助母親，所以他給了孩子們食物，以確保孩子們能夠被照顧好，故選B。

[26題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他給他們食物，打開閣樓，這樣如果水位繼續(xù)上升的時(shí)候，他們就可以從屋

頂逃走。A.expand擴(kuò)大:B.assist幫助;C.escape逃脫；D.dominate統(tǒng)治。由下文“ifwatercontinuedto

rise.^^可知，如果水位上升，孩子們可以通過閣樓走到屋頂，然后逃出去，故選C。

[27題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他跳出窗戶開始游泳。A.run跑步；B.ride騎行；C.drive開車；D.

swim游泳。由下文**Ittookhim40minutestoswimfourblocks.n和文章介紹暴風(fēng)雨很大可知,Johnny是

泳到母親家的，故選D。

【28題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他知道在海水淹過Karen頭之前，他只有很短的時(shí)間到達(dá)那里。A.short

短的；B.efficient有效率的；C.ideal理想的；D.indefinite無限期的。由下文“beforethewaterroseabove

Karen's”和上文提到Karen坐在輪椅上，且暴風(fēng)雨很大可知，水很快就會(huì)淹沒Karen,所以說他只有很短

的時(shí)間游到母親家里，故選A。

【29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他知道在海水淹過Karen的頭之前，他只有很短的時(shí)間到達(dá)那里。A.waist腰

部；B.ankles腳踝；C.head頭；D.knees膝蓋。由上文“beforethewaterroseaboveKaren's”可知，暴風(fēng)

雨很大，所以水很快就會(huì)沒過Karen的頭，將她淹沒，故選C。

【30題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句