2024高考英語沖刺試卷含解析

第26頁/共26頁高考模擬檢測卷（一）試題英語本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthisshirt?A.It'snotworthbuying.B.It'stooexpensive.C.It'sthebestone.2.Whenshouldthemanattendthemeeting?A.2:20.B.2:40.C.3:40.3.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Tocheckabooking.B.Tomakeabooking.C.Tochangeabooking.4.Whatistheman'sfeelingforthewoman?A.Angry.B.Concerned.C.Appreciative.5.What'swrongwiththewoman'smother?A.Shedoesn'tlookwell.B.Shehashighbloodsugar.C.Sheisonadiet.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabirdmarket.B.Inacoffeeshop.C.Inazoo.7.Whatdothespeakersthinkoftheparrot?A.Itisadorable.B.Itisannoying.C.Itisrare.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whodoesthemanwanttocall?A.Susie.B.Bob.C.Jackson.9.Whatistheman'snumber?A.07425900580.B.07425900850.C.07452900580.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Aroomneartheschool.B.Aroomthatislarge.C.Aroomwhoserentislow.11.Howmuchwillthewomanpayeverymonthforasharedroom?A.$950.B.$1,500.C.$200.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Leadthewomantoseesomerooms.B.Arrangeoneofhisassistantstowork.C.Signanagreementwiththewoman.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13What'sthematterwiththeman?A.Hehasanaccident.B.Heisstuckontheroad.C.Heiscaughtintherain.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Neighbors.15.Whoislookingforwardtothemeeting?A.Sue.B.Tom.C.Eric.16.Howlongwillthemanbelateatleast?A.Anhour.B.Halfanhour.C.Anhourandahalf.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Waystolearnalanguage.B.TheimportanceofEnglish.C.Theefficiencyofregularstudy.18.Howlongdoexpertssuggeststudyingeveryday?A.Afewhours.B.20minutes.C.30minutes.19.Whatistherecommendedwaytolearnalanguage?A.Onetaskatatime.B.Severaltasksatatime.C.Learngrammarfirst.20.WhatwillitleadtoifonewatchesTVrepeatedly?A.Agoodcommandofthelanguage.B.Toomuchtimewasted.C.Progressonlyinpronunciation.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A·Doananonymous(匿名的)actofkindnessforsomeone.·Leaveasmilecardbehindtoencouragethemtopay-it-forward.·Shareyourstoryheretospreadtheinspiration.·hangedtheworld,onekindactatatime.ORDERSMILECARDSTorequestSmileCards,pleasefillouttheformbelow.Avolunteerwillmailyouanorderoftencardswithintwoweeks.SmileCardsareofferedtoanyonewhorequeststhemonapay-it-forwardbasis.Thatmeansthereisnochargeforasetofcards.Someonebeforeyouhaspaidforyourcards,andyouareinvitedtokeepthechaingoingandpay-forwardwhateveryouwishforthenextperson!Forspecialeventsorcircumstanced,youcanalsoplacealargequantityofrequest.Note:WhenusingaSmileCard,remembernottojusthanditoutbyitself.TheideaistodosomethingkindforsomeoneandthenleavetheSmileCardbehind,sothattheyknowsomeonereachedouttothem,andthattheyareinvitedtopay-forwardthekindnessandkeeptherippledgoing!Country:*-select-Name:*________Thereisadailymaximumorderforeachcountry.Pleaseselectacountryfirsttomakesurewehavenotexceededthequota(定額)fortheday.Address:*________City:*________State:*-select-Emailaddress:*________Inspiration:*________PleasetelluswhatinspiredyoutoorderSmileCards,andgiveusanexampleofakindactyou'dliketodousingthem.PLACEsmileCARDORDERNOWABOUTUSKindSpringisaplacetopracticesmallactsofkindness.ForoveradecadetheKindSpringusercommunityhasfocusedoninnertransformation,whilecollectivelychangingtheworldwithgenerosity,gratitude,andtrust.Thesiteis100%volunteer-runandtotallynon-commercial.Itisasharedlaboroflove.1.Whencanyouuseasmilecard?A.Yourfriend'sbirthdayisapproaching. B.Yourclassmatehaswonthefirstprize.C.You'veorderedlunchforapoorfriend. D.Youfindyourclassmateinlowspirits.2.Toordersmilecards,youhaveto________A.payfortheminadvance B.placeabigquantityofrequestC.mailsomenecessaryinformation D.tellwhatfavoryouwilldoforothers3.Thepurposeofusingsmilecardsistoencouragepeopleto________A.spreadkindness B.becomevolunteersC.advertiseforKindSpring D.payothers'kindnessback【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了微笑卡卡片，并講述如何申請微笑卡，微笑卡的使用注意事項和背后負責的團隊?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Note中的“WhenusingaSmileCard,remembernottojusthanditoutbyitself.TheideaistodosomethingkindforsomeoneandthenleavetheSmileCardbehind(當使用微笑卡片時，記住不要把它單獨分發(fā)出去。這個想法是為別人做一些善良的事情，然后把微笑卡片留在身后)”可知，做一件善良的事情時，可以使用微笑卡，“你為一個窮朋友點了午餐”屬于做的善事。故選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的“PleasetelluswhatinspiredyoutoorderSmileCards,andgiveusanexampleofakindactyou'dliketodousingthem.(請告訴我們是什么激發(fā)了你訂購微笑卡片，并給我們一個你想用它們做的善良行為的例子)”可知，要申請微笑卡片，需要告訴你想為別人做什么。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Note中的“sothattheyknowsomeonereachedouttothem,andthattheyareinvitedtopay-forwardthekindnessandkeeptherippledgoing!(這樣他們就知道有人向他們伸出了援手，他們也被邀請來傳遞這種善良，讓這種行為繼續(xù)下去!)”可知，使用微笑卡是鼓勵人們傳遞善良。故選A。BIn2010,mymother-in-lawgavemeherrathersimplebutgraceful,antique“secretarydesk”.Thedeskeasilyfitintothetinyroomatthetopofthestairs.Ifeltsosecure,andconfidentwhenIsatdownandbeganeachwritingsession.Despitethedesk’sappeal,itslimitedstoragecapacitymeantthatIoftenputfilefoldersandbooksonthesmallfloorspacearoundme.Aftereachwritingsession,Ipainstakinglygatheredthetoolsofthetradeandplacedthemonanearbyshelfuntilthenextsession.Afewyearsintomywritingjourney,wemovedintoabiggerhomeandIacquiredmyownoffice.Myhusband,Billofferedonmorethanoneoccasiontobuymeanewdeskformyoffice,butIignoredhisoffer.Oneday,westoppedatthelocalofficesupplystore.Billfoundwhathethoughtwastheperfectdeskforme.“Iwanttobuythisforyou,sweetie.Mywriterneedsabiggerdesk.”Hehuggedme.“Thanks,butIdon’twantabiggerdesk!”Isaid.“Whydon’tyouwantabiggerdesk?”hesaid.“Youmustbeafraidofsomething.”“I’mnotafraidofanything,”Isaid.“LikeIsaid,Ireallylikemylittledesk.Sodon’taskmeagain.”Hedidn’t.Afewweekslater,whileworkinginmynewoffice.Ilookedaroundatthefolders,booksandpaperslyingallovermyofficefloorbutcouldn’tfindwhatneededtomeetacontestdeadline.Myheartraced.Ilookedaroundmyoffice.Theroombasicallyswallowedthetinydesk,makingitlookslightlyoutofplace.MaybeIdidneedabiggerdesk.WasBillright?WasIafraidofsomething?Unabletowrite,Ipulledc.JoyBellC.’sbookofpoetry,AllThingsDanceLikeDragonfies(蜻蜓),fromthebookshelf.Iflippedthroughitspages,andherwordsaboutfaithjumpedoffthepageintomyheart.Shetalkedabouthowshehadtrainedherselftolovethefeelingofnotknowingwhereshewasgoing,andjusttrustingthatassheopenedupherwingsandflewoffinanunknowndirection,thingswouldworkout.Atthatmoment,Irecognizedthatabiggerdesksymbolizedbiggerpossibilities,steppingoutinfaith,andleavingmycomfortzone.4.Whatwasthelimitationofthe“secretarydesk”?A.Itwastoooldtobefunctional.B.Itcompetedwiththeshelfforroom.C.Itpreventedtheauthorfocusingonwriting.D.Itwasabitsmallinsize.5.Whendidtheauthorwanttobuyanewdesk?A.Aftershewasstuckinamess.B.Whenshefinishedwritingabook.C.Whenshemovedintoabiggerhouse.D.Aftershemissedanimportantcontest.6.Whatwastheauthorafraidofbefore?A.Unemployment. B.Lossofinspiration.C.Uncertainty. D.Lackoftrust.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyWritingJourney B.OntheWingsofChangeC.MyLifelongFaith D.OntheDeskofFate【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是作者婆婆給了她一副古樸典雅的“寫字桌”，讓她感到很安全，很自信，但是丈夫覺得太小不方便工作，執(zhí)意決定給她重新?lián)Q一個更大一點的，作者堅持不換，覺得很有安全感。在搬進新房子之后，那個小的“寫字桌”給作者帶了一些麻煩，后來覺得丈夫說的話是有道理的，并且認識到一張更大的桌子象征著更大的可能性?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Despitethedesk’sappeal,itslimitedstoragecapacitymeantthatIoftenputfilefoldersandbooksonthesmallfloorspacearoundme.Aftereachwritingsession,Ipainstakinglygatheredthetoolsofthetradeandplacedthemonanearbyshelfuntilthenextsession.(盡管這張桌子很吸引人，但它有限的存儲空間意味著我經(jīng)常把文件夾和書放在我周圍的小空間里。每次寫作結(jié)束后，我都煞費苦心地收集這方面的工具，并把它們放在附近的架子上，等待下一次寫作)”可知，“寫字桌”的局限性是在尺寸上有點小。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Ilookedaroundatthefolders,booksandpaperslyingallovermyofficefloorbutcouldn’tfindwhatneededtomeetacontestdeadline.Myheartraced.Ilookedaroundmyoffice.Theroombasicallyswallowedthetinydesk,makingitlookslightlyoutofplace.MaybeIdidneedabiggerdesk.WasBillright?WasIafraidofsomething?(我環(huán)顧了一下辦公室地板上的文件夾、書籍和文件，但沒有找到在截止日期前需要的東西。心跳加速。我環(huán)顧了一下辦公室。這個房間基本上吞沒了那張小桌子，讓它看起來有點不協(xié)調(diào)。也許我確實需要一張更大的桌子。比爾說得對嗎？我害怕什么嗎？)”可知，在作者陷入困境之后想買一個更大的桌子。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Unabletowrite,Ipulledc.JoyBellC.’sbookofpoetry,AllThingsDanceLikeDragonlies,fromthebookshelf.Iflippedthroughitspages,andherwordsaboutfaithjumpedoffthepageintomyheart.Shetalkedabouthowshehadtrainedherselftolovethefeelingofnotknowingwhereshewasgoing,andjusttrustingthatassheopenedupherwingsandflewoffinanunknowndirection,thingswouldworkout.(寫不出東西來，我從書架上拿出喬依貝爾的詩集《AllThingsDanceLikeDragonfies》。我翻著書，她關(guān)于信仰的話語從書中躍入我的心。她談到她如何訓練自己去熱愛那種不知道自己要去哪里的感覺，她相信只要張開翅膀，朝一個不知道的方向飛去，一切都會順利的)”可知，作者之前害怕的是那種不確定性。故選C項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段“Atthatmoment,Irecognizedthatabiggerdesksymbolizedbiggerpossibilities,steppingoutinfaith,andleavingmycomfortzone.(那一刻，我意識到，一張更大的桌子象征著更大的可能性，走出信仰，離開我的舒適區(qū))”可知，文章最好的標題為“乘著變革的翅膀”。故選B項。CDoyouwanttolevelupyourmask-wearingwhilealsolookinglikeyou’reabouttobattlewithBatman?Thisislife-wearingRazerZephyr,awearableairpurifier.AversionofRazer’slatestappliancemadewavesinJanuaryduringtheConsumerElectronicsShow.It’snosurprisethattechcompaniesareconsideringaleapbeyondtheclothandsurgicalmasksthathavecometodefinetheCOVID-19pandemic.Ithasahardshellwithtwobeltstofitontoyourhead.Therearetwoairexchangechambers(腔)onthefront,featuringdoublecirculatingfanstohelpcirculatecoolair.ThechambersfeatureN95filters(過濾器)providingtwo-wayprotectionforyourselfandthosearoundyou.It’salsotransparent(透明的)withinsidelightsandananti-fogcoatingtohelpsolveoneofthekeyissueswithmask-wearing:watchingmouthsmovewhenyouspeak.Goodasthemaskappears,willitprotectyoufromCOVID-19?AccordingtoRazer,themaskisregisteredwiththeFoodandDrugAdministrationandlabtestedfor99%BFE,orBacterialFiltrationEfficiency,ameasureofhowwellitfiltersoutbacteria.“ItisnottestedspecificallyagainsttheCOVID-19virus,butoffersthesamefunctionalityandadequateprotectionduetoits99%BFErating,"Razer’swebsitesays.There’salsothefinancialcosttoconsider.Themaskitselfis$99,andRazersellsapackof10setsofN95filtersfor$30.Bycomparison,aquicksearchforsurgicalmasksonAmazonturnedupaboxof50masksforbetween$11-$14.“I’vetriedoutthe$99Zephyrforroughlyaweeknow.WearingtheZephyrfeelscomfortable.Theadjustableheadstraps(帶)allowfortheidealfit.Aboveall,itfeelsbreathablethankstotheaircirculatingthroughitsfans.”onecommentedonAmazon.8.WhyistheZephyrmadetransparent?A.Tofixlightsinside. B.Tocirculatecoolair.C.Totesttheanti-fogcoating. D.Toexposemouthmovement.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphabouttheZephyr?A.It’sofficiallyapproved. B.It’shighlyratedbyconsumers.C.It’sspeciallydesignedagainstCOVID-19. D.It’sadequatelyprotectiveagainstallviruses.10.Whatprobablyappeal(s)tothebuyermostaccordingtothecomment?A.Itsadjustablefans. B.Itsaircirculatingsystem.C.Itscomfortableheadstraps. D.Itshighbutreasonableprice.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnInnovativeMaskMakesaHit B.SurgicalMasksAreBeingImprovedC.WearableTechnologyChangesOurLife D.ANewTreatmentforCovid-19IsontheWay【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一種新型口罩，它是透明的、可以凈化空氣并且具有防護功能?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It’salsotransparentwithinsidelightsandananti-fogcoatingtohelpsolveoneofthekeyissueswithmask-wearing:watchingmouthsmovewhenyouspeak.”（它還具有透明的內(nèi)部燈光和防霧涂層，有助于解決戴口罩的一個關(guān)鍵問題：說話時看著嘴巴移動。）可知，Zephyr被制作成為透明的是因為這樣可以在說話時看到嘴巴的動作。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“AccordingtoRazer,themaskisregisteredwiththeFoodandDrugAdministration”（Razer稱，該口罩已在美國食品藥物管理局注冊）可知，Zephyr是官方批準的。故選A項。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Aboveall,itfeelsbreathablethankstotheaircirculatingthroughitsfans.”（最重要的是，由于風扇中的空氣流通，它感覺透氣。）可知，最可能吸引買家的是它的空氣循環(huán)系統(tǒng)。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章主要介紹了RazerZephyr這種新型的口罩，它所具有的優(yōu)點以及人們使用之后做出好的評價，所以“創(chuàng)新的口罩大受歡迎”可以作為文章標題。故選A項。DJustlikehappinessandsadness,anxietyispartofeveryone'slivedexperience—butit'snotalwaystoleratedassuch.“Peopleoftenspendtoomuchtimeandefforttryingtoridanxiety,”saysDrJoelMinden,aclinicalpsychologist.“Iencouragethemtorememberthatanxietyisanormalemotionalresponse.”Ifyoutrytobanishanxiety,allyou'redoingisputtingitmoreattheforefrontofyourmind.Butifyouacceptanxietyaspartoflife,youcanlearntorelatetoitwithself-pityorevenwithhumour.Thisisacornerstoneofacceptanceandcommitmenttherapy(ACT),whichhasbeengainingclinicalvalidation,includingbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.ACTguidespeopletoseetheirunpleasantemotionsasjustfeelingsandtoacceptthatpartso￡lifearehard.Sufferersareencouragedtobeginadialoguewithanxiousthoughts,examiningtheircauseswhilealsokeepinginmindtheirpersonalgoalsandvalues.ThiswayofrelatingtoanxietyhasbeenapowerfulstrategyforJohnBateman,the52-year-oldhostofthepodcastOurAnxietyStories.Whennegativethoughtsarise,heacknowledgesthembutdoesn'tletthemdrivehisdecisions.Overtheyears,Batemanhasnoticedthatifhesubmitstohisthoughts,theydon'tgoawaybutdramaticallyincrease.Butifherecognizesthemforwhattheyare,justapassingthoughtandnotafactthatneedstobeactedon,theygraduallygoaway.Learningtolivewithanxietyisanindividualprocessandonethatrequirestrialanderrortogetjustright.Whileacceptanceisthefirstandmostimportantsteptotake,somelifestylechangeshavebeenproventotaketheedgeoff,aswell.Sincetiredness,increasedtensionandstressleaveusmucheasiertofallintoanxiety,awell-balanceddiet,sufficientrestand,especially,regularexercisecanhelpusmanageitbetter.12.WhatmayDrJoelMindenagreeaboutanxiety?A.Itgoeshandinhandwithjoy. B.Itshouldbeseriouslytaken.C.Itiseasily-earnedexperience. D.Itisoftenimproperlytreated.13.Whatcanexplaintheunderlinedword“banish”inParagraph2?A.Ignore. B.Hide. C.Recognize. D.Control.14.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnBatemaninParagraph3?A.Toexplainastrategy. B.Todescribeaphenomenon.C.Topresentasuccessfulcase. D.Tointroduceapublicfigure.15.Whatisadvisedtodealwithanxietyinthelastpart?A.Concentratingontheprocess. B.Makinglifestyleadjustments.C.Avoidingexposuretopressure. D.Learningtogetthingsinplace.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了臨床心理學家認為焦慮經(jīng)常被不恰當?shù)奶幚恚绻憬邮芙箲]是生活的一部分，你就可以學會用自憐甚至幽默的方式來對待它。文章介紹了一種心理療法以及應(yīng)對焦慮的建議?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“'Peopleoftenspendtoomuchtimeandefforttryingtoridanxiety,'saysDrJoelMinden,aclinicalpsychologist.'Iencouragethemtorememberthatanxietyisanormalemotionalresponse.'(臨床心理學家JoelMinden醫(yī)生說：“人們常?；ㄙM太多時間和精力試圖消除焦慮。我鼓勵他們記住，焦慮是正常的情緒反應(yīng)?！?”可知，JoelMinden醫(yī)生對焦慮的看法是它經(jīng)常被不恰當?shù)奶幚怼９蔬xD?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butifyouacceptanxietyaspartoflife,youcanlearntorelatetoitwithself-pityorevenwithhumour.(但如果你接受焦慮是生活的一部分，你就可以學會用自憐甚至幽默的方式來對待它)”以及畫線詞后文“allyou'redoingisputtingitmoreattheforefrontofyourmind(你所做的只是把它放在首要地位)”可知，后文提到了接受焦慮的情況，可知畫線詞所在句是在說明試圖控制焦慮的情況，即如果你試圖控制焦慮，你所做的只是把它放在首要地位。故畫線詞意思是“控制”。A.Ignore.忽視；B.Hide.隱藏；C.Recognize.識別；D.Control.控制。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ThiswayofrelatingtoanxietyhasbeenapowerfulstrategyforJohnBateman,the52-year-oldhostofthepodcastOurAnxietyStories.Whennegativethoughtsarise,heacknowledgesthembutdoesn'tletthemdrivehisdecisions.Overtheyears,Batemanhasnoticedthatifhesubmitstohisthoughts,theydon'tgoawaybutdramaticallyincrease.Butifherecognizesthemforwhattheyare,justapassingthoughtandnotafactthatneedstobeactedon,theygraduallygoaway.(對于52歲的播客“我們的焦慮故事”主持人JohnBateman來說，這種與焦慮相關(guān)的方式是一種強有力的策略。當消極思想出現(xiàn)時，他會承認它們，但不會讓它們驅(qū)動他的決定。多年來，貝特曼注意到，如果他聽從自己的想法，這些想法非但不會消失，反而會急劇增加。但如果他認識到它們的本質(zhì)，它們只是一個短暫的想法，而不是一個需要采取行動的事實，它們就會逐漸消失)”可推知，作者在第三段提到JohnBateman是為了提出一個成功的案例。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whileacceptanceisthefirstandmostimportantsteptotake,somelifestylechangeshavebeenproventotaketheedgeoff,aswell.Sincetiredness,increasedtensionandstressleaveusmucheasiertofallintoanxiety,awell-balanceddiet,sufficientrestand,especially,regularexercisecanhelpusmanageitbetter.(雖然接受是第一步，也是最重要的一步，但事實證明，一些生活方式的改變被證明可以減輕壓力。由于疲勞，增加的緊張和壓力使我們更容易陷入焦慮，均衡的飲食，充分的休息，特別是有規(guī)律的鍛煉可以幫助我們更好地控制這種情緒)”可推知，建議調(diào)整生活方式來應(yīng)對焦慮。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Asisknowntous,manyentrepreneurs,eventhosewhorunatinybusinessthatamounttoself-employmentliketheirfreedomandself-relianceandthepossibilitythattheycouldbecomewealthy.____16____Consideringthebleakemploymentconditionsandgovernment’sencouragingpoliciestowardscollegestudents,itisnosurprisethatsomanygraduateschooseself-employmentinsteadoffindingajob.Self-employmentcanbringmanybenefitstothesocietyaswellastothestudentsthemselves.____17____Forthestudents,theycannotonlyputwhattheyhavelearnedatschoolintopractice,butalsohaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirinnovationabilitiesbycombiningtheirtheoreticalknowledgewithsocialpractice.____18____Foronething,duetothelimitationsofcollegestudentsthemselves,suchaslackofexperience,socialnetworkandwell-consideredplans,etc..____19____Foranother,oncetheyfailinmanagingwelltheirownbusiness,theymayeasilyfeeldepressedandcometoabreakdown.Asasayinggoes,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Inmyview,aslongasthestudentsrealizethedifficultiesandmakefullpreparation,itisworthtryingtostarttheirownbusiness.____20____A.itisadvisedthattheyhavetostartsmall.B.Afterall,anythingshouldbetriedwhenyoung.C.Self-employmentcanalsohavedisadvantages,though.D.Hence,advantageswillariseinthecourseofself-employment.E.itistoughtobesuccessful,thuscausingawasteofsocialresources.F.Forthesociety,self-employmentcaneasethepressureofemployment.G.Self-employmentisattractingmanyanewlygraduatedcollegestudent.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.E20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文闡述了大學生自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的優(yōu)缺點。【16題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Consideringthebleakemploymentconditionsandgovernment’sencouragingpoliciestowardscollegestudents,itisnosurprisethatsomanygraduateschooseself-employmentinsteadoffindingajob.(考慮到暗淡的就業(yè)條件和政府對大學生的鼓勵政策，難怪這么多的畢業(yè)生選擇自主創(chuàng)業(yè)而不是找工作)”可知，許多大學畢業(yè)生選擇了自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，故本句為總起句，指出自主創(chuàng)業(yè)吸引許多大學畢業(yè)生。故G選項“自主創(chuàng)業(yè)吸引了很多剛畢業(yè)的大學生”符合語境，故選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forthestudents,theycannotonlyputwhattheyhavelearnedatschoolintopractice,butalsohaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirinnovationabilitiesbycombiningtheirtheoreticalknowledgewithsocialpractice.(對于學生來說，他們不僅可以把在學校學到的知識運用到實踐中，還可以通過理論知識與社會實踐相結(jié)合來提高自己的創(chuàng)新能力)”可知，后文提到了自主創(chuàng)業(yè)從學生層面出發(fā)的好處，可知本句是在說明另一個角度，故F選項“對于社會來說，自主創(chuàng)業(yè)可以緩解就業(yè)壓力”符合語境，故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Forthestudents,theycannotonlyputwhattheyhavelearnedatschoolintopractice,butalsohaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirinnovationabilitiesbycombiningtheirtheoreticalknowledgewithsocialpractice.(對于學生來說，他們不僅可以把在學校學到的知識運用到實踐中，還可以通過理論知識與社會實踐相結(jié)合來提高自己的創(chuàng)新能力)”以及后文“Foronething,duetothelimitationsofcollegestudentsthemselves,suchaslackofexperience,socialnetworkandwell-consideredplans,etc.,(一方面，由于大學生自身的限制，如缺乏經(jīng)驗，社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)和周密的計劃等……)”可知，上文論述了自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的優(yōu)點，下文論述其缺點，故本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出自主創(chuàng)業(yè)也有缺點，故C選項“盡管如此，自主創(chuàng)業(yè)也有缺點”符合語境，故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Foronething,duetothelimitationsofcollegestudentsthemselves,suchaslackofexperience,socialnetworkandwell-consideredplans,etc.,(一方面，由于大學生自身的限制，如缺乏經(jīng)驗，社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)和周密的計劃等……)”可知，上文論述自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的缺點，本句論述其影響。故E選項“很難成功，從而造成社會資源的浪費”符合語境，故選E。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Asasayinggoes,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Inmyview,aslongasthestudentsrealizethedifficultiesandmakefullpreparation,itisworthtryingtostarttheirownbusiness.(俗話說，有志者事竟成。在我看來，只要學生意識到困難，做好充分的準備，創(chuàng)業(yè)是值得的)”可知，本句對上文進行總結(jié)，指出作者對自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的看法：任何事情都應(yīng)該在年輕的時候嘗試。故B選項“畢竟，任何事情都應(yīng)該在年輕的時候嘗試”符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Afewmonthsago,oneofmyfellowgraduatestudentswasofferedanincrediblecareer-buildingopportunity.Hiseffortsonastudent-ledcampaigntoincreasefederalfundingforbasicresearchhad____21____aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel（專家組）.ItwouldlookgreatonhisCV（簡歷）.Iwashappyforhim,ofcourse.Ihadbeena（n）____22____partnerinthecampaign.IfeltthatIdeservedthesameopportunity.YetIhadn'tbeen____23____andIwasn'tsurewhy.Growingup,Ihadbeentaughtthatthewayto____24____wastoputmyheaddownandworkhard.Ifmyworkwasgoodenough,itwouldspeakforitselfandIwouldbe____25____.Thisview,coupledwithanatural____26____,meantthatI____27____workedupthenervetoputmyselfforward.However,IdecidedthatIneedto____28____mylifeagain—bybecomingmyownbiggestadvocate.So,withmyheartbeatingfast,Iaskedmycolleaguetoaskthepanelorganizersto____29____me.Mymindwasfilledwithalistofwell-practiced_____30_____.MaybeIdidn'tdeserveit.MaybeIwasbeingtooambitious.Butmycolleagueimmediatelycontactedtheorganizers,whoquicklyagreedto_____31_____metothepanel.NowI'vecometounderstandthatIcan'tberecognizedformywordifI'minvisible.Thisisn'tarevolutionaryideawhichmanypeopleareunfamiliarwith.Iknow,butasanintrovert（內(nèi)向的人）thisismy_____32_____MountEverest（珠穆朗瑪峰）.Ithinkadvocatingformyselfwillalwaysmakemealittle_____33_____.ButIdoplentyofotheruncomfortablethingsto_____34_____I'mlivingmybestlife,likegettingflushots.IsupposeIcandothesameformy_____35_____.21.A.referredto B.ledto C.turneddown D.putforward22.A.special B.legal C.strict D.equal23.A.informed B.promoted C.invited D.received24.A.success B.practice C.power D.reality25.A.rewarded B.protected C.attracted D.affected26.A.kindness B.patience C.shyness D.courage27.A.rarely B.frequently C.quietly D.completely28.A.makesenseof B.findfaultwith C.payattentionto D.takecontrolof29.A.benefit B.include C.observe D.change30.A.agreement B.emphasis C.inspiration D.self-doubt31.A.track B.send C.hire D.add32.A.personal B.flexible C.simple D.traditional33.A.unreasonable B.uncomfortable C.dishonest D.discontent34.A.prove B.ensure C.record D.predict35.A.health B.colleague C.career D.education【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.D32.A33.B34.B35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者講述了同學獲得了更好的職業(yè)發(fā)展機會，作者認為，自己也應(yīng)該有同樣的機會，但是，因為內(nèi)向羞怯的性格阻擋了職業(yè)發(fā)展，因此，作者決心突破自己，參與到競爭中?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他在一項以學生為主導(dǎo)的、以增加基礎(chǔ)研究的資助的運動中的努力使他受邀在專家組會議上發(fā)言。A.referredto查閱，提到；B.ledto導(dǎo)致；C.turneddown拒絕；D.putforward提出。根據(jù)該句中的“aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel”可知，作者的同學因為他在此次運動中的努力使（導(dǎo)致ledto）他受邀在專家組會議上發(fā)言。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我在活動中和他是一個同樣付出努力的一員。A.special特殊的；B.legal合法的；C.strict嚴格的；D.equal平等的。根據(jù)下文“IfeltthatIdeservedthesameopportunity.”可知，作者認為自己應(yīng)該得到同樣的機會，因此可推知，作者認為自己和同學做出了同等的努力，是平等的（equal）。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我沒有被邀請，我也不知道為什么。A.informed通知；B.promoted提升；C.invited邀請；D.received收到。根據(jù)上文“Hiseffortsonastudent-ledcampaigntoincreasefederalfundingforbasicresearchhad____1____aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel”可知，作者的同學被邀請發(fā)言，而自己沒有被邀請（invited）。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在成長的過程中，我一直被教導(dǎo)，成功的方法就是低頭努力工作。A.success成功；B.practice實踐；C.power權(quán)力，力量；D.reality現(xiàn)實。根據(jù)下文“Ifmyworkwasgoodenough,itwouldspeakforitselfandIwouldbe”可知，作者一直被教導(dǎo)只要努力工作，就會成功并有回報。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我的工作足夠好的話，我會得到回報的。A.rewarded回報，獎勵；B.protected保護；C.attracted吸引；D.affected影響。根據(jù)上文“Growingup,Ihadbeentaughtthatthewayto____4____wastoputmyheaddownandworkhard.”可知，作者一直被教導(dǎo)努力工作，就會成功并有回報（rewarded）。故選A項。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種觀點，再加上天生的羞怯，意味著我很少鼓起勇氣推薦自己。A.kindness善良；B.patience耐心；C.shyness害羞；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)“workedupthenervetoputmyselfforward”以及下文“butasanintrovert（內(nèi)向的人）”可知，作者很少鼓起勇氣推薦自己，可推知作者是內(nèi)向羞怯（shyness）的人。故選C項。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這種想法，再加上天生的羞怯，意味著我很少鼓起勇氣推薦自己。A.rarely很少；B.frequently頻繁；C.quietly安靜；D.completely完全。根據(jù)上文“Thisview,coupledwithanatural”以及下文“butasanintrovert（內(nèi)向的人）”可知，作者是一個內(nèi)向羞怯的人，因此，作者很少（rarely）鼓起勇氣提出自己的觀點。故選A項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然而，我決定我需要重新掌控我的生活——成為我自己最大的擁護者。A.makesenseof有意義；B.findfaultwith挑剔；C.payattentionto注意；D.takecontrolof控制。根據(jù)下文“So,withmyheartbeatingfast,Iaskedmycolleaguetoaskthepanelorganizersto____9____me.”可知，作者讓同事詢問小組的組織者把他也包括進去，因此可推知作者想克服自己羞怯的性格并掌控（takecontrolof）自己的生活。故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，我心跳加速著讓我的同事請小組組織者把我也包括進來。A.benefit受益；B.include包括；C.observe觀察；D.change改變。根據(jù)“However,IdecidedthatIneedto____8____mylifeagain—bybecomingmyownbiggestadvocate.”可知，作者決定重新掌控自己的生活，參與競爭，因此讓同事請小組組織者把他也包括（include）進來。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的腦海里充斥著一大堆練習得很好的自我懷疑。A.agreement協(xié)定；意見一致；B.emphasis強調(diào)；C.inspiration靈感；啟發(fā)；D.self-doubt自我懷疑。根據(jù)上文以及下文“MaybeIdidn'tdeserveit.MaybeIwasbeingtooambitious.”可知，作者是一個內(nèi)向羞怯的人，因此，作者想突破自己加入到競爭行列時，內(nèi)心充滿自我懷疑（self-doubt）。故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我的同事立即聯(lián)系了組織者，他們很快同意將我加入小組。A.track跟蹤；