2024屆云天化中學(xué)高考英語五模試卷含解析

2024屆云天化中學(xué)高考英語五模試卷考生須知：1．全卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，全部在答題紙上作答。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題的答案必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆寫在“答題紙”相應(yīng)位置上。2．請用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆在“答題紙”上先填寫姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號。3．保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．When________questionsinclass,oneshouldanswerthemasclearlyaspossible.A．a(chǎn)sking B．toask C．tobeasked D．a(chǎn)sked2．Newpolicies,_______toinsurethatcompulsoryeducationistrulyfree,________bythelocalgovernmentacrossChinasincethestartofschoolonSeptember1.A．intending;havebeenmadeknown B．intended;havebeenmadeknownC．intending;aremadeknown D．intended;hadmadeknown3．—Whathasmadehiminsuchhighspiritsrecently?—_____byhisteacherforsucceedingpassingtheexam.A．BeingpraisedB．PraisedC．HavingpraisedD．Topraise4．—Didyoupassyourdrivingtest?—Yes,otherwiseI________tothepicnicnextmonth.A．couldn'tdrive B．couldn'thavedrivenC．won'tdrive D．wouldn'thavedriven5．Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferent________tothestudyofmathematics.A．a(chǎn)pproaches B．meansC．methods D．ways6．Iamsothrilledtohavemyunderwaterphotos______intheNationalGeographicandonthecover!A．tobefeatured B．featured C．beingfeatured D．tofeature7．Thereisapopularview________incitystrangersarelesslikelytohelpanelderlyperson.A．that B．whetherC．why D．how8．Criticizedasonlinegamesare,theyneverfailto______alargenumberofteenagers．A．a(chǎn)ppealto B．objectto C．referto D．turnto9．—Howisthetestthatyoutookyesterday?—Unfortunately,notevenoneofthehundredstudentswhotookthetest______passed.A．hasB．haveC．a(chǎn)reD．is10．—Areyoufreenow?Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.—OK,________youmakeitshort.Iwillhavetofinishthisreportbeforenoon.A．nowthatB．a(chǎn)ssoonasC．everytimeD．a(chǎn)slongas11．Bytheendoflastweek,600peoplefrom50countriestoattendthemeeting，withnearlyhalfcomingfromtheUnitedStates，GermanyandBritain.A．hadregisteredB．haveregisteredC．registeredD．wereregistered12．Heasked______forthecomputer.A．didIpayhowmuchB．IpaidhowmuchC．howmuchdidIpayD．howmuchIpaid13．Thetwobrotherslooksomuchalikethatitisdifficultto______.A．tellthemfrom B．tellfromthemC．tellapartthem D．tellthemapart14．SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudents________whatisbotheringthem.A．totalkover B．talkedoverC．talkover D．havingtalkedover15．ThepartinthefilmRio_______thetwobirdsescapedfromthecrashingplanemadesomeoftheaudiencegiveacry.A．which B．who C．where D．whom16．Thisbookissaidtobeaspecialone,asit____manyeventsnotfoundinotherhistorybooks.A．writes B．prints C．covers D．reads17．Thestadium________standsatheatrewillbereconstructed.A．besidewhich B．forwhichC．when D．which18．Wearelivinginanagemostofthingsaredoneoncellphones.A．which B．thatC．whose D．when19．–What’sthatnoise?–Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine______.A．wastested B．willbetestedC．isbeingtested D．hasbeentested20．Thatchildren______meetwithsetbacksisamatterofnecessityasthey_____,soparentsdon’tworryaboutthat.A．shall;grewup B．must；grewup C．can;growup D．will;growup第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Mostgroupsofplantsandanimalsarericherinspeciesandmoreplentifulneartheequator.Intheocean,thatholdstrueforcold-bloodedpredators(掠食者).Butwarm-bloodedpredatorsaremorediversetowardthepolesandnoticeablymissingfromseveralwarmhotspots.Why?JohnGrady,anecologist,andhisteamconsideredthepossibility—warm-bloodedanimalsneedalottofueltheirmetabolism(新陳代謝).Perhapscolderwatersarejustricherinsmallfish?Buttheyfoundthatathigher,colderplaces,thereisn’tactuallymuchmorefoodaround.It’smorethatwarm-bloodedanimalsareeatingamuchbiggershareofitthantheircold-bloodedcompetitors.Therealexplanationissimple.Ananimal’sspeed,swiftness,andintelligencedependonitsmetabolism,whichinturndependsonitstemperature.Sincebirdsandmammalscankeepheatingtheirbodiesinicyconditions,theyremainfastandattentive.Bycontrast,thefishtheyhuntbecomeslowerandduller.Atsometippingpointoftemperature,seals,dolphins,andpenguinsstartoutswimmingtheirprey(獵物).Theybecomemorelikelytocomeupontargetsandoutpacethecold-bloodedpredatorsoftheirown.InGrady’swords,“Warm-bodiedpredatorsarefavouredwherepreysareslow,stupidandcold.”That’swhysharksandotherpredatoryfishdominateneartheequator,butcolderwatersarethekingdomofwhalesandseals.Bykeepingfoodtothemselvesinthepoles,thesecreaturescanthenspecializeonspecifictypesofprey,whichmakesthemmorelikelytosplitintoseparatespecies.ThekillerwhalesoftheNorthPacific,forexample,includemammal-eatingtransientsandfish-eating,year-roundresidents.Buttheworldischanging.It’slikelythatthesurfaceoftheoceanswillwarmby2to3℃withinthiscentury.Grady’steamestimatesthateverytimetheocean’ssurfacewarmsby1℃,populationsofseamammalswillfallby12%,andpopulationsofsealsandsealionswillfallby24%.But“predictionsarehard,”DonnaHauserfromtheUniversityofAlaskaFairbanksnotes.“Polarbearsarelosersofawarmingworld,butsomepopulationsarestilldoingwell.Somegroupsofwhaleshavechangedthetimingoftheirmigrations;othersarehuntingindeeper,colderwaters.Thesechangesmightmakeseamammalsmoreadaptabletochangingclimates.Maybetheyjustneedtofindtheplaceswherefishremainslow,stupidandcold.”1、Whyaretheremoretypesofwarm-bloodedpredatorsnearthepoles?A．Becausethereismorefood.B．Becausetherearefewerenemies.C．Becausetheyarefasterandwiser.D．Becausetheyconsumelessenergy.2、Theauthormentionsthekillerwhalestoshow______.A．thebenefitofbiologicalevolutionB．foodpreferenceofdifferentseamammalsC．thedistinctionofspecifictypesofpredatorsD．theadvantageofconstantbodytemperature3、WhatisDonnaHauser’sattitudetowardsthefutureoftheseamammals?A．Positive. B．Negative.C．Neutral. D．Sceptical.4、Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ArethePolesHeavenforSeaPredators?B．HowDoSeaMammalsTrackTheirPrey?C．WhyDotheWarm-BloodedLikeFoodCold?D．IstheWorldTooHotfortheWarm-Blooded?22．（8分）Sure,chocolateisadelicioustreat,andit’sastapleofsomeofourfavoritedesserts.Butit’snotahealthfood,soitshouldbeenjoyedinmoderation-right?Well,itturnsoutthateatingchocolatemightactuallyhaveaprettysignificanthealthbenefit.AccordingtoresearchconductedbyfivescientistsinItaly,compoundsfoundinchocolate,calledflavanols,canhelpboostcognitive(認(rèn)知的)performance.Yup,chocolate’sgoodforyourbrain.Thescientists,studyingattheUniversitiesofRomeandL’Aquila,summarizedresearchfromtendifferentstudies.Thestudiesassessedpeople’sperformanceoncognitivetestsbeforeandaftereatingcocoaorchocolate.Theresultswereprettytelling:innineoutofthetenstudies,therewasanoticeableimprovementafterthesubjectshadeatenthechocolate.Thescientistsfoundimprovementsin“generalcognition,attention,processingspeedandworkingmemory.”Soundsprettygoodtous!Andthat’snotall.Insubjects,especiallywomen,whoperformedthetestswhilesleep-deprived,theflavanolshelpedrelievethenegativeeffectsofthesleepdeprivation.Andthere’sevenmoregoodnews.Theresearchersalsofoundthateatingchocolatedaily(overperiodsrangingfromfivedaystothreemonths)producednoticeablelong-termimprovementsincognition.Olderadults,whosememorieswerealreadydeclining,sawanespeciallysignificantimprovement.Allchocolatehasflavanols,sincetheyoccurnaturallyincocoa.However,darkchocolateloversfeelhappy,becauseithasmoreflavanolsthananyothertypeofchocolate.Infact,thescientiststhemselveshaveclaimedthat,afterdoingthisresearch,they’vestartedeatingdarkchocolateeveryday!Now,we’renotsayingyoushouldstarteatingchocolateforbreakfast,lunchanddinner-it’sstillhighinsugarandlowinnutrients.Butnexttimeyoufindyourselfyawningafterasleeplessnight,snackonsomechocolateandlettheflavanolsworktheirmagic.1、WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseinParagraph1probablymean?A．Asmuchaspossible.B．Forthreemeals.C．Inrightamount.D．Notintheleast.2、Howdoesastudentperformwhilelearningaftereatingchocolate?A．Hememorizeslessthanbefore.B．Hecan’tconcentrateonlessonsintheslightest.C．Hebecomesmoreexcited.D．Heunderstandswhattheteachersaysfaster.3、Accordingtothepassage,ifyourmemoryfails,whatshouldyoudo?A．Eatchocolateasthreemeals.B．Usechocolateasadailysnack.C．Huntfordarkchocolate.D．Askadoctorforadvice.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Chocolateisabeneficialbutunhealthyfood.B．Eatingchocolatebenefitsourlearning.C．Eatingchocolateworksonyoursleep.D．Chocolatecontainslownutrients.23．（8分）Foraslongaswe’veknownaboutit,humanshavesearchedforacureforcancer.Acrosstheworld,countlessamountsoftimeandmoneyhavebeenspentonresearchingawaytostopthisterribledisease.Butnow,itseemsliketheanswercouldhavebeeninsideourownbodiesthewholetime.Recently,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)intheUS,agovernmentagencythat’sresponsibleforhealthcare,approvedanewformofgenetherapy(療法)thatcouldmeantheendofacertaintypeofcancer.Thetherapyallowsscientiststo“train”theimmune(有免疫力的)cellsofsickpatientstofightleukemia(白血病)—aformofbloodcancerthatmostlyaffectsyoungpeople.Theexcitingnewtreatmentworksbyremovinghealthyimmunecellsfromthepatient,knownasT-cells,whicharethenchangedtobeableto“huntdown”cancercells.Thecellsarethenputbackintothepatientbeforetheybegintogetridofthepatient’sleukemiaovertime,similartohowthebodyfightsoffotherillnesses.“Thisistrulyanexcitingnewdayforcancerpatients,”LouisJ.DeGennaro,presidentoftheLeukemiaandLymphomaSociety,saidinanewsrelease.Upuntilnow,alongandpainfulmarrowtransplant(骨髓移植)wastheonlyoptionformanyleukemiapatients.Inthisprocedure,healthybloodcellsaretakenfromadonatorandplacedintothesickpatient,whoalsohastogothroughchemotherapy(化療)toallowtheirbodytoadjusttothenewcells.Butwitharecoveryrateofaround83%—accordingtoanewsreleasepublishedbytheFDA—it’shopedthatthedaysofpainfultripstothehospital,orevendeath,areoverforleukemiasufferers.“We’reenteringanewfrontierinmedicalinnovation(創(chuàng)新)withtheabilitytoreprogramapatient’sowncellstoattackadeadlycancer,”FDArepresentativeScottGottliebsaidintherelease.“Newtechnologiessuchasgeneandcelltherapiesholdthepotentialtotransformmedicineandourabilitytotreatandevencuremanyincurableillnesses.”1、Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Tocomparedifferentwaysofcuringleukemia.B．Toreportonabreakthroughincancertreatment.C．Toexplorethepotentialofgeneandcelltherapies.D．Toshowscientists’effortsinsearchofacureforcancer.2、Howdoesthenewtreatmenttofightleukemiawork?A．ByusingchangedT-cellstodestroycancercells.B．Byreplacingsickbloodcellswithhealthyones.C．Byremovingsickbloodcellsduringmarrowtransplant.D．Byusingchemotherapytoimprovethepatient’simmunesystem.3、Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewtherapyforleukemiasufferers?A．Itcansavethemmanymoretripstothehospital.B．Itcanimprovetheirabilitytofightoffallkindsofcancer.C．Itcangivethemabetterchanceofsurvivalandrecovery.D．Itcanreducetheirpainintheprocessofmarrowtransplant.4、WhatisScottGottlieb’sattitudetowardgeneandcelltherapies?A．Doubtful. B．Optimistic. C．Worried. D．Casual.24．（8分）AccordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland,sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.Thefarmanimals,whoaresocialandhavelargebrains,werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother,aswellasfamiliarhumans.However,theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.Therecentstudy,theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournalRoyalSociety:OpenScience,showthewoollycreaturescouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces,includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.Initially,thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.Later,theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle,thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhichahuman’sabilitytoperformthesametaskdeclines.“Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligent,individualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers,”saidProfessorJennyMorton,wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedface-recognitionabilities,comparablewiththoseofhumansandmonkeys.”Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings,andsomedisordersofthebrain,includingHuntington’sdisease,affectthisability.“Sheeparelong-livedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandcomplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain,suchasHuntington’sdisease,thatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffectcognitiveabilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange,”Mortonsaid.1、Accordingtothenewresearch,what’sunusualaboutsheep?A．Theyhavelargebrains.B．Theycanrecognizetheirowners.C．Theycantellanimalsfromhumans.D．Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.2、Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?A．Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.B．Bygivingfoodrewards.C．Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.D．Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Sheephaveahigherface-recognitionabilitythanmonkeys.B．Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.C．Thenewdiscoveryisbeneficialtothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.D．Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.4、What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ANewdiscoveryaboutSheep.B．HowSheepRecognizeEachOther.C．AWonderfulScientist.D．TheLifeofSheep.25．（10分）Haveyoueverheardsomeonesay“Youtotallylooklikeyou’reaJessica”orsomethingsimilar?Peopleseemtothinkthattheyknowwhatkindofpersona“Jessica”ora“Michael”lookslike.Whyisthis?AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,humanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearances,andcanevenguesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,Israel,collectedthousandsofphotosofpeople’sfaces.Theylabeled(貼標(biāo)簽于)eachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38%ofthetime.Itseemsthatcertaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.However,thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousednicknames(昵稱)moreoftenthantheirrealnames.Thismayshowthataperson’sappearanceisaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoften.“Thiskindofface-namematchinghappensbecauseofaprocessofself-fulfillingprophecy(預(yù)言),aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome,”RuthMayofromtileuniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgender(性別)andracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson’sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.PeoplemaythinkthatwomennamedRosearebeautiful.Theyexpectthemtobe“delicate”and“female”,justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.1、Howisthisarticledeveloped?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Byaskingquestions.C．Bydoinganexperiment. D．Bycomparingdifferentcases.2、Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudy?A．Volunteersfounditmucheasiertoguessnicknames.B．Nameshavedifferentassociationsindifferentcultures.C．Volunteerscouldguessthecharacteristicsoftheinterviewees.D．Thepeopleinthephotosandvolunteerswerefromthesameculture.3、WhydosomepeoplelookliketheirnamesaccordingtoRuthMayo?A．Theywanttopleaseeveryonearoundthem.B．Theydon’twanttobedifferentfromothers.C．Theytendtobecomewhatothersexpectthemtobecome.D．Theyliketocopyfamouspeoplewhosharethesamename.4、Whatmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A．Whatdeterminesournames B．WhywelooklikeournamesC．Howwegetridofourstereotypes D．Howstereotypesaffectpeople’slooks第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。WhenmysonGenewasabout12yearsold,Istartedhelpinghimlearnto1,Iboughttwentychickensandaskedhimto2them.Itoldhimthattheywouldbehisownchickensandwewould3theeggsfromhim.However，hewouldhavetobuychicken4withthemoneyhemadefromtheeggs.Whatevermoneywas5wouldbehistokeep.Genewas6,thinkinghewouldmakehisfirst7.Afterseveralweeks’successfulwork,Ibeganto8thateggproductionwasgoingdown,I9nothingaboutit.Thenonenight,Genetoldmehedidn’thave10moneytobuythefeed.Hesaidthechickenshadnever11amealandhecouldnotfigureoutwhysomeofthemhadstopped12eggs.ThenIaskedhimifhehad13theamountoffeedhehadgiventhechickens.Hewas14.Itwaslikehedidnotthinkanyonewouldever15whathehaddone.Afteralong16—hesaidyes.Hethoughthewouldmakemoremoneyifhegavethem17food.Iaskedhim,“Didyoufoolthechickens?”Iwasjustastonishedatthequestioninmyown18.Iwasdumbfounded(驚呆）atthe19ofit.Yes.youcanfooleveryoneelse，butyoucannot“foolthechickens,"because20,youwillfindout,asthesayinggoes,"Whatgoesaroundcomesaround."1、A．cook B．share C．count D．work2、A．takecareof B．observe C．train D．playwith3、A．save B．borrow C．buy D．keep4、A．nest B．soup C．meat D．feed5、A．givenback B．pickedup C．leftover D．broughtin6、A．thrilled B．worried C．satisfied D．discouraged7、A．deal B．contribution C．fortune D．choice8、A．hear B．notice C．predict D．imagine9、A．said B．found C．thought D．recalled10、A．private B．honest C．pocket D．enough11、A．missed B．wasted C．enjoyed D．finished12、A．hatching B．laying C．gathering D．hiding13、A．balanced B．checkedout C．cutdown D．measured14、A．delighted B．shocked C．tired D．disappointed15、A．forgive B．a(chǎn)llow C．discuss D．know16、A．silence B．a(chǎn)bsence C．negotiation D．preparation17、A．heavy B．fresher C．less D．solid18、A．life B．job C．ease D．mind19、A．explanation B．significance C．trick D．example20、A．inthisrespect B．intheend C．incontrast D．inaddition第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Manypeoplelivingincitiesseeridingabicycleasgoodexercise.But,arecentmedical1．researchwarnedthatcyclistsshouldthinktwicebeforecyclinginthestreets：itactuallydoesmoreharmthangood2．theirbodies.Iscyclingincitiesreallybadforyourhealth?Probablyyes.Themaindangercomesfromtheairaroundyou.Breathing3．inairpollutionfromtaxisandbusescandamagebloodvessels（血管）.Scientistssaythedamagecouldoutweighthehealthbenefitsofcycling.DavidNewby,aBritish4．researcheratEdinburghUniversitybrokethenews.Inhistests,15healthymencycled5．onexercisebikesinaroomwithlevelsofairpollutionsimilartothosefound6．onacrowdedcitystreet.Afteranhourofcycling,thescientistsfoundtheirbloodvesselsbecamelessflexibleandproducedlessofaprotein（蛋白質(zhì)）7．theheartneeds.Thedamageleadstotheearlystagesofheartdisease.What'sworse,thefasteracyclistpedals（蹬車），8．moreairtheybreathein.Sothosewhobelieve9．theyareimprovingtheirfitnessthemostarestoringupthebiggesttroubleforthemselves10．.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（/）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第1處起）不計分。DearPaul,Ireallycan’tthankyouverymuchforyourinvitation、IdowanttoacceptthemandtakethisopportunitytointroducetraditionalChinesepaintingstoforeignfriends,butI’msorrytoinformyouthatIcan’t、ThereasonisbecauseIambusypreparingmyselfforthecomingCollegeEntranceExamination、Asfortheintroductionspeech,IstronglyrecommendmyfriendAnna,thatisthemostsuitablechoicetotakemyplaceonnextSunday、ShebeguntolearnpaintingsatanearlyageandhasgoodknowledgeoftraditionalChinesepaintings、However,heractivepersonalityandperfectspokenEnglishwillhelpmakingyouractivityasuccess、Sorryagainforanyi