2023年高考英語(yǔ)閱讀考情概況以及各題型解題技巧點(diǎn)晴講義高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

大家，早上好，今天跟大家分享一下2023年全國(guó)高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解考情概況:

第一部分文體閱讀

年份2023甲2023乙2022甲2022乙2021甲2021乙

文體1應(yīng)用文說(shuō)明文應(yīng)用文應(yīng)用文應(yīng)用文說(shuō)明文

1細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解

2細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解

3細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解

文體2記敘文記敘文說(shuō)明文初評(píng)說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文

4詞句猜測(cè)細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷旨大意

5推理判斷推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解詞句猜測(cè)

6細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷

7細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷主旨大意推理判斷推理判斷推理判斷

文體3說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文記敘文說(shuō)明文

8細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解詞句猜測(cè)細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷推理判斷

9推理判斷推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解詞義猜測(cè)詞義猜測(cè)推理判斷

10細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷推理判斷推理判斷

11推理判斷推理判斷主旨大意主旨大意推理判斷標(biāo)題判斷

文體4說(shuō)明文議論文夾敘夾議說(shuō)明文議論文說(shuō)明文

12細(xì)節(jié)理解主旨大意主旨大意細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解

13推理判斷推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解

14細(xì)節(jié)理解詞句猜測(cè)推理判斷細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解細(xì)節(jié)理解

15推理判斷推理判斷推理判斷推理判斷主旨大意推理判斷

總結(jié)：從統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)可以看出，近三年里面，全國(guó)高考英語(yǔ)試卷第一篇文章大多數(shù)設(shè)定為應(yīng)

用文（通過(guò)細(xì)節(jié)理解題或者推理判斷考察一些基本文章細(xì)節(jié)信息對(duì)應(yīng)，基本上就是看到等

于答到，比較簡(jiǎn)單），偶爾考察說(shuō)明文（類似于應(yīng)用文，實(shí)用性強(qiáng)，同樣都是考察關(guān)鍵信息

對(duì)應(yīng)）第二篇文章設(shè)定為記敘文（文學(xué)性強(qiáng)，考察具體信息（時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，人物，事件）

一一對(duì)應(yīng)，若要考察難度題，一般為推理判斷或者詞義推斷，這兩種題目除了要求讀者發(fā)

掘出文章關(guān)鍵信息還要求讀者通過(guò)文章信息感悟理解主題甚至文章脈絡(luò)）或者實(shí)用性比較

強(qiáng)的文體（由于其行文邏輯比較簡(jiǎn)單，所以加入主旨大意理解題這種難度題，要求讀者更

加深層次理解文章）；第三篇文章同樣都是考察實(shí)用性強(qiáng)的說(shuō)明文，偶爾考察記敘文；第四

篇文章主要考察的是議論文（要求讀者發(fā)掘論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)，論證等文章要素，深層次考核讀

者的文學(xué)素養(yǎng)（即對(duì)詞句理解能力），偶爾考察說(shuō)明文。綜上所述，從第一到第四篇文章分

析，看出難度（從簡(jiǎn)單到困難）逐步上升，建議想拿高分的同學(xué)們除了懂得了解文體還要

求提升自己文學(xué)素養(yǎng)（詞匯量（熟詞僻義，大綱詞匯，短語(yǔ)），長(zhǎng)難句（嵌套的多種句型，

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞），文章邏輯（句間邏輯，段落邏輯））

第二部分閱讀文章信息七選五

年份2023甲2023乙2022甲2022乙2021甲2021乙

文體說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文應(yīng)用文應(yīng)用文說(shuō)明文

1末句題句間題句間題末句題句間題段落首句

2句問(wèn)題末句題末句題句間題句間題句問(wèn)題

3句間題間接引語(yǔ)句間題段落首句小標(biāo)題段落首句

4小標(biāo)題句末題段落首句小標(biāo)題句間題末句題

5間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)句間題段落首句句問(wèn)題句間題

總結(jié)：七選五一般的文章體裁屬于實(shí)用性比較強(qiáng)的說(shuō)明文或者應(yīng)用文，一般考核的是文章

行文邏輯（段落邏輯，句間邏輯，例證作用）

第三部分各題型解題邏輯分享：（以2023年高考英語(yǔ)甲卷為例）

建議：無(wú)論文章是什么題材，建議先看題目后看文章。因?yàn)檫@樣做更加有利于我們運(yùn)用解

題技巧得高分

細(xì)節(jié)題解題技巧:圈畫(huà)題干關(guān)鍵詞（專有名詞（大寫(xiě)），數(shù)字，實(shí)詞），回文定位關(guān)鍵信息（e.g:

比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)，指代,now,因果，轉(zhuǎn)折，并列......）

一定要多點(diǎn)關(guān)注同意替換，也就是說(shuō)英語(yǔ)近義詞替換

1.WhatdoIssayaSiameseClubhaveinmon?

A.Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods.B.TheyhavebranchesinLondon.

C.Theyhavetopclasschefs.D.Theyarebasedinhotels.

Nahm

OfferingThaifinedining.NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary（烹飪的）experiences.

It'stheonlyThairrestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheword's50bestrestaurantslist.

Chef

IssaysStameseClub

IssayaSiameseClubisintematoionallyknownThaicheftanKittichni'sfirstflagship

Bangkokrestnu/Rnt.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisine

binedwithmodemcookingmethods.

2.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?

A.Gaggan.B.Bo.tan.C.IssayaSiameseClub.D.Nahm.

Bo.tan

Bo.tanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok'sculinarysencesinceitopenedin2009.Serving

hardtofindThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine'sroots,yet

stillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandlelitdinneroraworkmeeting

withcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungrythere9salargesetmenu.

（解題關(guān)鍵：定位后發(fā)現(xiàn)代詞的指代）

3.WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?

A.IthiresstafffromIndia.B.Itputsonaplayeveryday.

C.Itserveshardtofindlocaldishes.D.Itshowsthecookingprocessto

guests.

Gaggan

Earningfirstplaceonthelates"Asia's50bestrestaurants^^list,progressiveIndianrestaurant

Gagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues（場(chǎng)所）toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebest

tableinthistwostorycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyou

canseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheateratitsbest.

解題關(guān)鍵（定位后發(fā)現(xiàn)同義替換（注意：一般情況下，文章出現(xiàn)比較級(jí)或者最高級(jí)都是會(huì)

出題的，往往是解題關(guān)鍵）thespecial=thebest

6.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehouse（shercnlcd,定語(yǔ)修飾the

house）?

A,Bymakingitlooklikebefore.B.Byfurnishingitherself.

C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate.D.Bycancelingtherentalagreement.

Terri,whonowrentsabhousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIY

alsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhena（租期）estoanend.Sheadds:"I've

movedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures.So,it's

beenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhen

I'vemovedout.”

解題關(guān)鍵：根據(jù)題干人物所做的事情，回文定位到文章第三段，同義替換whenIhavemoved

out=befbre,提示一下啊，如果文章段落里面存在句間因果關(guān)系，一定要多留意，這是出題

的地方。

7.WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?

A.Itisbeingmorecostly.B.Itisgettingmoretimeconsuming.

C.Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry.D.Itis口aininci）oi）ularitvamonc

females.

WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthatingweeks,newresearch

showsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong,warmsummer

daystogetjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearound￡823.Twothirdsofpeople

aimtoimprovetheirfbrtwhileathome.Twofifthwishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhouse.

ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennow

leadingthecharge.

8.Whofortheauthor?

A.Foucault.B.EricWeiner.

C.JosteinGaarder.D.Acollegeteacher.

Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder\Sophie\World.Itwas

fullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook,

spoketomeand二

10.WhatdoesaboutTheSocratesExpress?

A.Itsviewsonhistoryarewellpresented.

B.Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylifb.

C.Itincludesmentsfromreaders.

D.Itleavesanopenending.

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseach

philosopher'sworkinthecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresultis

areadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,and

havenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isa

bookahourlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

12.HowdoAmericans?

A.Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.

B.Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.

C.Theyareofhighscientificvalue.

D.TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.

Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupya

conflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsychewerevere（敬畏）themevenastheygiveus

frighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNational

Parkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.

14.WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromdelistinggrizzlies?

A.TheODDOsitionofconservationgroups.

B.Thesuccessfulebackofgrizzlies.

C.Thevoiceofthebiologists.

DThelocalfarmers9advocates.

Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.Theirrecoveryhasbeenso

successfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,which

wouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturned（推

翻）duetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.

詞句判斷題：

4.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand^^inparagraph1?

A.Anartist.B.Awinner.C.Aspecialist.D.A

pioneer.

TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitestoDIY（doityourself）.Skilledatputtingupshelvesand

piecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.

小提示一下：詞句猜測(cè)題完全可以當(dāng)完形填空來(lái)完成，判斷詞性或者句子成分，然后將各個(gè)

選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行匹配就可以了；或者就是通過(guò)上下文結(jié)合進(jìn)行分析，一般情況下留意上下文動(dòng)作的

去向。

推理判斷：推理判斷嚴(yán)格來(lái)說(shuō)不算是推理題，如果題干沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)inH/guess這類詞，請(qǐng)按著

細(xì)節(jié)理解題來(lái)進(jìn)行解題

5.WhydidTerri'sgrandfathergiveher￡5aday?

A.Forabirthdaygift.B,Asatreatforherwork.

C.TosupportherDIYprojects.D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.

ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,

Terri,now26,aepaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday'sworkwasrewarded

with￡5inpocketmoney.Shesays:'TmsureIwasn'tmuchofahelptostartwithpaintingthe

roomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreaking

work,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.^^

9.Whydoestheauthorinparagraph4?

A.TopareWeinerwiththem.

B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.

C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.

D.ToreadersunderstandWeinersbook

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseach

philosopher'sworkinthecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycan.Theendresult

isareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,

andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isa

bookabourlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

11.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeinersbook?

A.Objectiveandplain.

B.Daringandambitious.

C.Seriousandhardtofollow.

D.Humorousandstraightforward

Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofour

,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeof

themostimportantphilosophersinhistory,andhebeespartofthatcrowdintheprocessby

decoding（解讀）theirmssagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.

TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersin

graduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationis

clear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyouto

takehisoffer.Ifsworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedon'thavealotof.

13.Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?

A.TheEuropeansettlers*behavior.

B.Theexpansionofbears'range.

C.Theprotectionbylawsince1975.

D.ThesupportofNativeAmericans.

ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof

50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcrueland

continuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformer

rangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct

（瀕危動(dòng)物法案）.

Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.Theirrecoveryhasbeenso

successfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,which

wouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturneddueto

lawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.

這個(gè)題目涉及文章主體推導(dǎo)，原本很多，后來(lái)定居者獵殺，然后1975在法律保護(hù)下列作瀕

危動(dòng)物，至今增長(zhǎng)了很多灰熊。

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.

B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.

C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltfbrgrizzlies.

D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.

Obviously,ifprecautions（預(yù)防）aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbeetroublesome,sometimes

killingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodand

attractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Putting

electricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveat

gettinggrizzliesaway."Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractantfreeplacewherebearscanpass

throughwithoutlearningbadhabits,“saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanages

bearsinandaroundMissoula.

第二部分七選五閱讀

TricksToBeingAPatientPerson

Here'sariddle:Whatdofbravacationtostartallhavein

mon?There*soneanswer.16.G.They'realluatiwherewecouldusealittleextra

patience①堵車排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)等待人們需要的是patience耐心，請(qǐng)選擇與patience有關(guān)的選項(xiàng)，剩

下E,F②同義替換

IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightaiourfingertips.

However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereare

severaltricks.

?Practicegratitude（感激）

Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandeven

moreoptimistic.17,E.Itcanalsohelpuspracticemore