Unit3WarandPeaceUsinglanguage語法課件高中英語選擇性

名詞和主謂一致

英語語法專題之SubjectandVerbAgreementNouns&專有名詞:Marx,Beijing,Asia,普通名詞

可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞

集體名詞

不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞

抽象名詞

Ｉ分類名詞II.有些可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞相互轉(zhuǎn)化，詞義不同。air/airs

experience/experienceslook/looks

feeling/feelingswood/woodsmanner/mannerspaper/paperssand/sandsgood/goods（空氣／神氣）(臉色／容貌)

（經(jīng)驗(yàn)／經(jīng)歷）(樹木／森林)（感覺／感情）（態(tài)度／禮貌）（紙／報(bào)紙）（沙子／沙灘）（好處／貨物）aschoolSchoolisover.achickenchickenatthetableattable（小雞）（雞肉）（上學(xué)）（在桌旁）（吃飯）III.名詞的復(fù)數(shù)．1.規(guī)則變化（略）2.以O(shè)結(jié)尾的外來詞、縮寫詞及專有名詞只加SphotoskilospianosEskimosWTOs3.以下以F結(jié)尾的詞只加S.roofssafesgulfs

serfsbeliefsproofs4.不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù).mantoothmousegoosechildwomanfootox5.單復(fù)數(shù)同形.①deersheepfishChinese(ese結(jié)尾者)②漢語拼音拼出的計(jì)量單位的名詞:li,jin,mu,yuan,6.形為單數(shù)，實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞：

people,cattle,police,stuff,audience,crew7.S結(jié)尾仍為單數(shù)的名詞:mathsphysicsnewspoliticsphoneticstheUnitedStates

TheArabianNights8.S結(jié)尾,單復(fù)數(shù)同形:means,works(工事/著作)asteelworkstwosteelworksEverymeanshasbeentried.Allmeanshavebeentried.9.僅有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞:10.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù):①只變主體詞:lookers-onpassers-bysons-in-lawgirl-friends

②無主體詞在末尾加Sgrown-upsgo-betweensforget-me-nots③以manwoman構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞，兩部分都變成復(fù)數(shù)．mendoctorswomenteachersIV.名詞所有格1.加'S;

S結(jié)尾加’但定語較長時(shí)用of結(jié)構(gòu)：

thenameofthestory2.’s后省略house/home/shop

的:thebarber’smyuncle’s3.兩人共用,只在后面加's,否則都加'sTomandJack’sdeskTom’sandJack’sdesks4.雙重所有格(表贊成或厭惡)：a/an/two/some/few(特指的)名詞’s

n+of+This/that/these/those名詞性物主代詞(不能用one)(不能用the)afriendofTom’s,thislittlegirlofourteacher’s5.所有格不同,含義有別;abookofmysister’s=oneofmysister’sbooksabookofmysistermysister’sbookaphotoofMr.Wang’saphotoofMr.WangV.名詞作定語：1.一般用單數(shù)

acarfactoryashoeshop2.有時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)

sportsmeettalkstableasalesmanager一本關(guān)于我妹妹的書只是那一本王所擁有的照片之一王本人的照片3.表所屬關(guān)系時(shí)用所有格:

achemist’sshopboys’/girls’schoolladies’college/bike/room4.名詞與同根adj作定語之別:名詞表具體/原義;adj表比喻bloodgroup()bloodybattle()stonewall

()stonyheart()goldwatch()goldenwatch()raindrops()rainyseason()血型血戰(zhàn)石墻鐵石心腸金表鍍金表雨滴雨季

主謂一致SubjectandVerbAgreement

的數(shù)必須和的數(shù),人稱一致,即主謂一致.1.就前原則2.就近原則3.語法一致4.意義一致可分為謂語動詞主語1.就前原則

名詞/代詞+介詞aswellas/ratherthan

/like/but/except/besides/including(along/together)with…作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用就前原則．Noonebutyourparents______right.

2.Theteacheraswellasthestudents______thefilm.(like)3.Allthedesksincludingmine_______painting.(require)4.Nothingexceptsomebooks_______whatIcangiveyou.(be)islikesrequireis2.就近原則:名詞/代詞+連詞+并列主語時(shí)

:or/either…or…/neither…nor…notonly…but(also)/and(therebe)1.Neitherhenorhisbrothers______hard.(work)2._______heoryouinthenextroomjustnow?(be)workWas3.語法一致:1).(a)little/either/neither/

each/another/theother/-body

/-one/-thing…作主語,謂語動詞用____數(shù);1.Neitherofthem________theanswer.(know)2.Everything________well.(go)3.Littleofwhathesaid_____(be)accepted.knowsgoesis單2)morethanone/manya…+N(單)…V()Manyaboydonehishomework.(have)has3)every

everyeach+N(單)+each+N(單)…V(

)nonoEverymanand(every)womanatwork.(be)is4)時(shí)間/距離/錢/度量衡/數(shù)字…作主語…V()Threeyearspassed.(have)Tentimesfourforty.(be)hasis5)單個(gè)非謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)及從句作主語…+V()單單單單Seeingbelieving.(be)Whathesaidright.(prove)isproves6)成雙成套復(fù)數(shù)如trousers/shoes…作主語…V()

但akindof/apairof/…+N(復(fù))…V()Histrousers____himwell.(fit)Apairofshoes___underthebed.(be)fitis單復(fù)7)一些常見結(jié)構(gòu)的一致問題:1.Thenumberoftheboysinourclass_____36.(be)2.Anumberofboys______thissecret.(know)3.Abookortwo____enough.(be)4.Oneortwobooks_____enough.(be)isknowisare5.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho____late.(be)

is6.Heisoneofthestudentswho_______theanswer.(know)know

verythat4.意義一致and/both…and….V()

但指同一人（概念）時(shí)…V()

指兩個(gè)人（概念）時(shí)…V()arehashaveis復(fù)單復(fù)2)集體名詞:familyteamclassarmycrewgroupschoolclubpopulation…指整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；指內(nèi)部成員用復(fù)數(shù)Ourfamily_____watchingTV.(like)Thepopulationoftheearth_____increasingfast.(be)Onethirdofthepopulationhere_____workers.likeisare3).The+adj.

表一類人或事物時(shí),謂語用復(fù)數(shù),

表不可數(shù)的事物或概念,用單數(shù);areisDo4)aquantity/amount/variety/mass/

…of+N:

quantities/amounts/varieties/masses

謂語和of前的名詞保持一致.Anamountofmoney______needed.Amountsofmoney______needed.Quantitiesofwater______inthepool.Amassofcars______ontheroad.areareisis1.Astudentortwo______(be)caughtcheating.

A.wasB.were2.Adeskandchair_____(need)toberepaired.

A.needB.needs3.Apairofshoes____(be)underthebed.

A.isB.are4.Morethanoneboy____(be)latethismorning.

A.wasB.wereABAAPracticemakesperfect對比選擇填空：1．a(chǎn).Heistheonlyoneofthestudentsthat_______gotfullmark.b.Heisoneofthestudentsthat______gotfullmake.A.isB.areC.hasD.have2.a.Threefourthsoftheteacherspresent_____againsttheplan.b.Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth______coveredwithwater.A.isB.areC.wasD.were3.a.Thefamoussingeranddancer____ourpartythisevening.b.Thefamoussingerandthefamousdancer_____ourpartythisevening.A.aregoingtoattendB.wastoattendC.weretoattendD.isgoingtoattendCDBADA4.a.Anumberofstudents____fromthecountry.b.Thenumberofstudents_____900.A.isB.areC.hasD.have5.a.Manyaboy______thiskindofbicycle.b.Manyboys______thiskindofbicycle.A.likeB.likesBABA6.a.Icanworkouttwoofthefiveproblems,buttherest______toodifficultforme.b.Ihavefinishedonethirdoftheworkandtherest_____leftforyou.A.isB.areC.hasD.have7.a.Thepopulationofthesmallcountry_____600,000.b.Twothirdsofthepopulationinthissmallcountry____farmers.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are8.a.Thebasketballteam______bathsnow.b.Thebasketballteam______5members.A.hasB.ishavingC.arehavingD.haveBACDCA9.a.Theyeach______anewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.b.Eachofthem______anewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.A.hasB,haveC.isD.are10.a.Ascientistandsomeofhisassistants_____tohelptodothework.b.Ascientist,aswellassomeofhisassistants,____tohelptodothework.A.sentB.sendC.weresentD.wassentBACD

11.a.There___amagazine,afewlettersandsomenewspapersonthetable.b.There___afewletters,amagazineandsomenewspaperonthetable.A.isB.areC.haveD.has

12.a.Eitherofthestreet______linedbytreesandflowers.b.Bothofthestreet_______linedbytreesandflowers.A.isB.areC.haveD.has

ABABBABADoMore1.ProfessorJameswillgaveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwhere________yet.

A.hasn’tbeendecided B.haven’tbeendecided

C.isn’tbeingdecided

D.aren’tbeingdecided2.Lately,alargenumberofreliefsupplies________senttothedisasterareaandamountsofmoney________spentonpost-reconstruction.

A.havebeen;havebeen B.havebeen;hasbeen

C.were;was

D.were;were3.

Betweenthetworowsoftrees_____theteachingbuilding.A.standB.standsC.standingD.areAAB4.There________apartythisweekend.

A.isgoingtohave

B.aregoingtohave

C.isgoingtobe

D.aregoingtobe5.Heisoneofthefewpersonswho_____agoodknowledgeofItalian.A.hasB.have6.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho____beengivenaprize.A.hasB.have7.MrBlackoften________fishingonSundays.

A.go B.goes C.don’tgo D.isn’tgoCBAB8.ThePeople’sRepublicofChina________onOctober1,1949.

A.found B.wasfound C.isfounded D.wasfounded9.Theteacherwithanumberofstudents___(be)intheclassroom.10.Deletetheshortmessageatonce!Manyaman________bysuchtrickssofar.A.arecheated

B.ischeated C.hasbeencheated D.havebeencheated11.Tom’sparents’behavior,aswellastheirwords________akeyeffectonhimduringthepasttwentyyears.

A.have B.havehad C.hashad D.hasDisCCAABB16.Theboywithtwodogs________intheyardwhentheearthquakerockedthecity.

A.isplaying B.wasplaying C.areplaying D.wereplaying17.WiththedevelopmentofeconomyandthespreadofChineseculture,thenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities______risingsteadilysince1997.

A.is

B.are C.hasbeen D.havebeen18.Thenumberofpeopleinvitedtotheweddingyesterday________twohundred,butasmallnumberofthem________absentfordifferentkindsofreasons.

A.is;are B.was;was C.was;were D.are;were19.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho________elected.

A.are B.have

been C.has

been D.isbeingBCCC20.There________twopensandabookonthedesk.

A.is B.are C.being D.tobe21.Morethanonestudent,______tookpartintheactivity,______thatthecharityactivitymeansalot.

A.who,thinks B.who,thought

C.that,thinks

D.whom,think22.Thefamoussingeranddancer____ourpartythisevening.

A.aregoingtoattend

B.wastoattendC.weretoattendD.isgoingtoattend23.Thefamoussingerandthefamousdancer_____ourpartythisevening.A.aregoingtoattendB.wastoattendC.weretoattendD.isgoingtoattendBADA24.Thenumberofmembersintheclub________morethan200atpresent.

A.is B.was C.hasbeen D.havebeen25.Manyaboy______thiskindofbicycle.A.likeB.likesC.havelikedD.don’tlike26.Manyboys______thiskindofbicycle.A.likeB.likesC.haslikedD.doesn’tlike27.Wecan’tusethemachinenow,forit________.

A.hasbeenrepaired B.isrepairing

C.isrepaired

D.isbeingrepairedABADDAA31.Oneinelevenchildren________notattendingschool.Youshouldbegratefulifyouareoneoftheluckyonesatseniorhighschool.

A.are

B.was C.is

D.were32.Uptonow,alargenumberofnewhouses________forthosewholosttheirhomesinthatterribleearthquake.

A.hasbeenbuilt

B.havebeenbuilt

C.isbeingbuilt

D.arebeingbuilt33.Thenewly-shownmovieiswellworth________.Hence,yourfirs