高中英語必修1Unit4Section4講義

Module4課時達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練(十六)Ⅰ.閱讀理解Morethantwothirdsoftheworld'spolarbearswillbewipedoutby2050,accordingtoashockingnewstudy.Bythen,scientistssay，globalwarmingwillhavemelted42percentoftheArcticseaice.By2100,onlyaveryfewoftheseimportantcreatureswillbeleft.ThereporthasbeenproducedbytheUSGeologicalSurvey.ThescientistshavepublicizedtheirfindingsinthehopeofinfluencingUSInteriorSecretaryDirkKempthorne,whohasbeenaskedtoputpolarbearsontheUSendangeredspecieslist.Polarbearsdependonfloatingseaiceasaplatformforhuntingseals,whicharetheirmainfood.Withoutenoughice,polarbearswouldbeforcedtogoontotheland,wheretheyarepoorlyskilledhunters,andwouldbeunlikelytoadapttothelifeonthelandintime.Expertssayfewlittlebearswouldsurviveandthestresscouldmakemanyfemalesunabletogetpregnant.TheteamofAmericanandCanadianscientistsspentsixmonthsstudyingbears，ontheground，fromspotterplanesandinthelab,usingputermodels.Someteammembersfeartheresultisevenworseforthebearsthanwhattheirreportsays.TheysaytheArcticiswarmingfasterthananywhereintheworldandmuchfasterthantheirputerhadbeenforecasting.Satelliteobservationshaveshownthattheicehasdecreasedtoanall-timelow.However,noteveryoneinthescientificmunitybelievesthatglobalwarmingishappeningonsuchanalarmingscale.Anotherinvestigationhasfoundthatpolarbearsarestillbeinghuntedbywealthy“sportsmen”whowanttheirskinsandheads.Atleastteninternationalpaniesofferbear-huntingtrips.1．WhatdoweknowaboutDirkKempthorneaccordingtothepassage?A．Heisananimalscientist.B．HeisaprotectorofanimalsworkingfortheUSgovernment.C．HewasaskedtoputpolarbearsontheUSendangeredspecieslist.D．Heofferedtoputpolarbearsontheendangeredspecieslist.2．Whywillpolarbearsdieoutifthereisnotenoughseaice?A．Becausepolarbearscan'tcatchenoughfoodwithoutice.B．Becausepolarbearseaticewhentheyfeelthirsty.C．Becausepolarbearswillbeeasilyfoundbyhunterswithoutice.D．Becausemostfemalebearsareusedtogivingbirthunderice.3．Afterasix-monthstudy,somescientistsfearthat________．A．thereissomethingwrongwiththeirputersB．polarbearswilldisappearevenfasterthantheyeverexpectedC．theirputermodelsarenotasaccurateastheyexpectedD．globalwarmingwilldestroyeverythingintheArctic4．Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Theforecastaboutthefutureofpolarbearsisnotcorrect.B．Globalwarmingwon'thaveanyeffectonhuntingtripsintheArctic.C．Polarbearsareanendangeredspeciesasaresultofbear-hunting.D．Peopledon'tpayenoughattentiontotheprotectionofendangeredspecies.Ⅱ.任務(wù)型閱讀Americansusemanyexpressionswiththeword“dog”.PeopleintheUnitedStateslovetheirdogsandtreatthemwell.1.________However,dogswithoutownerstocareforthemleadadifferentkindoflife.Theexpression,toleadadog'slife,describesapersonwhohasanunhappyexistence.Somepeoplesayweliveinadog-eat-dogworld.2.________Theysaythattobesuccessful,apersonhastoworklikeadog.Thismeanstheyhavetoworkvery,veryhard.Suchhardworkcanmakepeopledogtired.And,thesituationwouldbeevenworseiftheybecamesickasadog.3．________Thismeansthateverypersonenjoysasuccessfulperiodduringhisorherlife.Tobesuccessful,peopleoftenhavetolearnnewskills.Yet,somepeoplesaythatyoucanneverteachanolddognewtricks.Theybelievethatolderpeopledonotliketolearnnewthingsandwillnotchangethewaytheydothings.4．________Peoplewhoareunkindoruncaringcanbedescribedasmeanerthanajunkyarddog.Junkyarddogsliveinplaceswherepeoplethrowawaythingstheydonotwant.Meandogsareoftenusedtoguardthisproperty.Theybarkorattackpeoplewhotrytoentertheproperty.However,sometimesapersonwhoappearstobemeanandthreateningisreallynotsobad.Wesayhisbarkisworsethanhisbite.Dogexpressionsarealsousedtodescribetheweather.Thedogdaysofsummerarethehottestdaysoftheyear.Arainstormmaycooltheweather.Butwedonotwantittoraintoohard.5.________A．Wedonotwantittoraincatsanddogs.B．Still,peoplesayeverydoghasitsday.C．Thatmeansmanypeoplearepetingforthesamethings,likegoodjobs.D．Dogsaretheirbestfriendsandtheyareloyaltopeople.E．Therearemanyotherexpressionswaitingforyoutoexplore.F．Somepeopleareparedtodogsinbadways.G．Theytaketheirdogsforwalks,letthemplayoutsideandgivethemgoodfoodandmedicalcare.Ⅲ.完形填空Recently,IflewtoLasVegastoattendameeting.Aswewereabouttoarrive,thepilotannounced(宣布)withapologythattherewouldbeaslight__1__beforelanding.Highdesertwindshad__2__theairporttocloseallbutonerunway.Hesaidthatwewouldbe__3__thecityforafewminuteswaitingto__4__.Wewerealsotoldtoremaininourseatsmeanwhilewithourseatbeltsfastened__5__theremightbeafewbumps(顛簸).Well,thatfewminutesturnedintoaboutfour－fiveminutes,includingaridethatwouldmakearollercoaster(過山車)paleby__6__．Themovementwassosuddenthatseveralpassengersfelt__7__andhadtouseairsicknessbags(暈機袋).Asyoumightguess,that'snotgoodthingtohappenina(n)__8__spacebecauseitonly__9__toincreasethedisfortofthesituation.Abouttwentyminutesintotheadventure,theentireairplanebecamevery__10__.Therewasnowasenseofworryandfearthatcouldbe__11__noticed.Everypassengersimplyheldonfordearlife...exceptone.A__12__washavingagoodtime!Witheachbumpofthe__13__hewouldletoutagiggle(咯咯的笑)ofhappiness.AsIobservedthis,I__14__thathedidn'tknowhewassupposedtobeafraidandworriedabouthis__15__.Heneitherthoughtaboutthepastnoraboutthefuture.Thosearewhatwegrown-upshavelearnedfrom__16__.Hewas__17__theridebecausehehadnotyetbeentaughttofearit.Havingunderstoodthis,Itookadeepbreathand__18__backintomyseat,pretendingIwas__19__onarollercoaster(過山車).Ismiledfortherestoftheflight.Ieven__20__togiggleonceortwice,whichismuchtotheangerofthemanwhowassittingnexttomeandholdingtheairsicknessbag.1．A.mistakeB．delayC．changeD．wind2．A.forcedB．warnedC．sweptD．reminded3．A.watchingB．visitingC．circlingD．crossing4．A.arriveB．enterC．stopD．land5．A.ifB．thoughC．becauseD．while6．A.experienceB．parisonC．a(chǎn)dventureD．challenge7．A.sickB．nervousC．a(chǎn)ngryD．a(chǎn)fraid8．A.emptyB．narrowC．secretD．open9．A.servesB．continuesC．failsD．happens10．A.quietB．hotC．dirtyD．crowded11．A.partlyB．graduallyC．shortlyD．clearly12．A.pilotB．babyC．guardD．man13．A.seatsB．passengersC．flightD．a(chǎn)irplane14．A.realizedB．hopedC．a(chǎn)greedD．insisted15．A.healthB．safetyC．joyD．future16．A.teachersB．booksC．experienceD．practice17．A.learningB．takingC．missingD．enjoying18．A.satB．layC．wentDrode19．A.nearlyB．finallyC．reallyD．suddenly20．A.attemptedB．managedC．wantedD．decidedⅣ.語法填空Oncetherelivedarichman1.________wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.2.________firsthewantedtofindoutwhethertheydeservedhishelp.Inthecentreofthemainroadintothetown,heplaced3.________verylargestone.Thenhe4.________(hide)behindatreeandwaited.Soonanoldmancamealongwithhiscow.“Whoputthisstoneinthecentreoftheroad？”saidtheoldman,buthedidnottrytoremovethestone.Instead,withsomedifficultyhepassedaroundthestoneandcontinuedonhisway.5.________mancamealonganddidthesamething;thenanothercame,andanother.Allofthemplainedaboutthestonebutnottriedtoremove6.________.Lateintheafternoonayoungmancamealong.Hesawthestone,7.________(say)tohimself:“Thenight8.________(be)verydark.Someneighborswillealonglaterinthedarkandwillfallagainstthestone.”Thenhebegantomovethestone.Hepushedandpulledwithallhis9.________(strong)tomoveit.Howgreatwashissurpriseatlast!10.________thestone,hefoundabagofmoney.Ⅴ.短文改錯Onedayinherwaytoschool,FangFangfoundawalletnearthebusstation.Sheopenitandfoundalotofmoneyandacallingcard.Sosheknewtheownername,addressortelephonenumber.Shethoughttheownermustbeworrying.Shewenttoapublictelephoneandcalledtheowner.Thenshewaitedatthebusstation.TheownercamebyataxiverysoonandFangFanggavethewallettoher.Theownerwasverythankfulthatshetookouta100-yuannotestorewardFangFang.ButFangFangpoliterefuseditandwentonschool.課時達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練(十六)Ⅰ.語篇解讀：本文通過北極變暖導(dǎo)致北極熊急劇減少的例子來呼吁人們關(guān)注全球變暖，同時提高對瀕危動物的保護意識。1．解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“...USInteriorSecretaryDirkKempthorne,whohasbeenaskedtoputpolarbearsontheUSendangeredspecieslist.”可知C項正確，A項錯誤。文章中沒有信息能表明B、D兩項正確，故選C。2．解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段第一句“Polarbearsdependonfloatingseaiceasaplatformforhuntingseals,whicharetheirmainfood.”可知A項正確。3．解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段第二句“Someteammembersfeartheresultisevenworseforthebearsthanwhattheirreportsays.”可知B項正確。4．解析：選D段落大意題。根據(jù)“noteveryoneinthescientificmunitybelievesthatglobalwarmingishappeningonsuchanalarmingscale.”可知D項正確。Ⅱ.語篇解讀：文章介紹了美國人使用許多帶有“dog”的表達(dá)方式。1．解析：選G考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上一句講述美國人很愛他們的狗，而且對待狗也很好，可知他們會經(jīng)常遛狗，帶狗出去玩兒，為狗提供良好的食物和醫(yī)療護理。故選G。2．解析：選C考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。這一段講述了如果要成功，就必須像狗一樣地工作。這意味著他們必須工作非常非常努力?？芍藗儽仨毰θジ偁幍玫酵瑯拥臇|西，比如好的工作。故選C。3．解析：選B考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。后一句講述了人們在一生中總會有成功的那一天。可知前一句說了每個狗都有屬于自己的一天。故選B。4．解析：選F考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。這一段講述了不和善、沒心沒肺的人會被描述為比垃圾狗還冷漠的人。說明在一些不好的方面人還被比作狗。故選F。5．解析：選A考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)前一句暴風(fēng)雨會使得天氣變涼爽，但是我們不想雨下得太大。故選A。Ⅲ.語篇解讀：本文記述了作者的一次經(jīng)歷。一次因開會去拉斯維加斯時，飛機因沙塵暴而延時降落，在不斷延長的等待和飛機劇烈的顛簸中，成年人焦急、害怕，唯獨不知恐懼的嬰兒卻在享受著過山車一樣的顛簸。因此作者也深受啟發(fā)，體驗了一次孩子的享受。1．解析：選Bmistake“錯誤”；delay“延遲”；change“變化”；wind“風(fēng)”。根據(jù)“Highdesertwinds...tocloseallbutonerunway”可知，因沙塵暴關(guān)閉所有的跑道，只留一條，故應(yīng)為延時降落，故選B。2．解析：選Aforce“強迫”；warn“警告”；sweep“打掃”；remind“提醒”。因為沙塵暴迫使(force)機場關(guān)閉跑道，故選A。3．解析：選Cwatch“觀看”；visit“參觀，拜訪”；circle“繞轉(zhuǎn)”；cross“橫穿”。飛機在等待降落的過程中應(yīng)該是繞城市盤旋，故應(yīng)選C。4．解析：選Darrive“到達(dá)”；enter“進入”；stop“停止”；land“著陸”。根據(jù)上下文句意可知，飛機要繞城市盤旋幾分鐘以便等待著陸，故選D。5．解析：選Cif“如果”；though“盡管”；because“因為”；while“然而”。句意：我們被告知仍在座位上坐好，系好安全帶，因為飛機可能會有幾次顛簸。此處應(yīng)為because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。故選C。6．解析：選Bexperience“經(jīng)驗”；parison“比較，對照”；adventure“冒險”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”。byparison意為“相比之下”，故選B。7．解析：選Asick“惡心的”；nervous“緊張的”；angry“生氣的”；afraid“害怕的”。句意：像過山車一樣的劇烈運動使旅客惡心而不得不用暈機袋。故選A。8．解析：選Bempty“打開的”。narrow“狹窄的”；secret“秘密的”；open“打開的”。此空前的that指的是usingairsicknessbags，也就是發(fā)生在飛機上狹小空間內(nèi)的嘔吐，因此選用narrow(狹窄的)，后面的space指的是飛機內(nèi)部空間。故選B。9．解析：選Aserve“起……作用，用作……”；continue“繼續(xù)”；fail“失敗”；happen“發(fā)生”。在這種情形下本來就很難受，在飛機上嘔吐使得這種難受更加強烈。故選A。10．解析：