2024屆高考英語 二輪復習 熱考主題 歷史、文化與藝術(shù) 閱讀訓練（含解析）

熱考主題歷史、文化與藝術(shù)Passage1BikeRental&GuidedToursWelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.WhyMacBikeMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.PricesGuidedCityToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.1.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike?A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount.B.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.C.Itorganizesfreecycletours.D.Ithasover2,500rentalshops.2.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.3.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyerWindmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery. D.DamSquare.Passage2ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebrationofaneverydayobject—thebook,representedhereinalmostthreehundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld.Theimageofthereaderappearsthroughouthistory,inartmadelongbeforebooksaswenowknowthemcameintobeing.Inartists’representationsofbooksandreading,weseemomentsofsharedhumanitythatgobeyondcultureandtime.Inthis"bookofbooks,"artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.Adultsareportrayed(描繪)aloneinmanysettingsandposes—absorbedinavolume,deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmomentswecanallrelateto.

Booksthemselvesmaybeusedsymbolicallyinpaintingstodemonstratetheintellect(才智),wealthorfaithofthesubject.Beforethewideuseoftheprintingpress,booksweretreasuredobjectsandcouldbeworksofartintheirownright.Morerecently,asbookshavebecomeinexpensiveoreventhrowaway,artistshaveusedthemastherawmaterialforartworks—transformingcovers,pagesorevencompletevolumesintopaintingsandsculptures.Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedtomaketheprintedpageoutdated.Froma21st-centurypointofview,theprintedbookiscertainlyancient,butitremainsasinteractiveasanybattery-powerede-reader.Toserveitsfunction,abookmustbeactivatedbyauser:thecoveropened,thepagesparted,thecontentsreviewed,perhapsnoteswrittendownorwordsunderlined.Andincontrasttoourincreasinglynetworkedliveswheretheinformationweconsumeismonitoredandtracked,aprintedbookstilloffersthechanceofawhollyprivate,"off-line"activity.1.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anintroductiontoabook. B.Anessayontheartofwriting.C.Aguidebooktoamuseum. D.Areviewofmodernpaintings.2.Whataretheselectedartworksabout?A.Wealthandintellect. B.Homeandschool.C.Booksandreading. D.Workandleisure.3.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"relateto"inparagraph2mean?A.Understand. B.Paint. C.Seize. D.Transform.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningthee-reader?A.Theprintedbookisnottotallyoutofdate.B.Technologyhaschangedthewayweread.C.Ourlivesinthe21stcenturyarenetworked.D.Peoplenowrarelyhavethepatiencetoread.Passage3Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhapsthefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook’svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(聯(lián)系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.2WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?A.Hisreportwasscientific. B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.C.HeruledoverBotanyBay. D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"conversation"inparagraph3referto?A.Problem. B.History. C.Voice. D.Society.4.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorldB.AShortHistoryofAustraliaC.AHistoryoftheWorldin100ObjectsD.HowArtWorksTellStoriesPassage4Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder’sSophie’sWorld.Itwasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy(哲學).ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.NothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeoplewhothinktheyunderstandFoucault,Baudrillard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou—andthentrytoexplainthem.EricWeiner’sTheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophersreawakenedmyloveforphilosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosophy.Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher’sworkinthecontext(背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy,isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersinhistory,andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding(解讀)theirmessagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.It’sworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedon’thavealotof.1.Whoopenedthedoortophilosophyfortheauthor?A.Foucault. B.EricWeiner. C.JosteinGaarder. D.Acollegeteacher.2.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4?A.TocompareWeinerwiththem. B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.C.Topraisetheirwritingskills. D.TohelpreadersunderstandWeiner’sbook.3.WhatdoestheauthorlikeaboutTheSocratesExpress?A.Itsviewsonhistoryarewell-presented.B.Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylife.C.Itincludescommentsfromreaders.D.Itleavesanopenending.4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiner’sbook?A.Objectiveandplain. B.Daringandambitious.C.Seriousandhardtofollow. D.Humorousandstraightforward.Passage5HenryRaeburn(1756-1823)TheExhibitionThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland’sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.LectureSeriesScottishNationalPortrait(肖像畫)Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.ExhibitionTimesMonday?Saturday10.00-17.45Sunday12.00-17.45Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.Closed:24?26Decemberand1JanuaryAdmission￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandCollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.1.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn’sEnglishContemporaries?A.Sun.26Oct. B.Thurs.30Oct. C.Thurs.6Nov. D.Thurs.13Nov.2.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.￡4. B.￡8. C.￡12. D.￡16.3.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings. B.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.C.Theymustbeledbyteachers. D.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.Passage6In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牽涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(堅忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:"Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter."1.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinaschool. B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook. D.Todosightseeing.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect. B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids. D.Theysufferedseverehardships.3.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn. B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies. D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.4.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview. C.Achildren’sstory. D.Adiaryentry.Passage7Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity."I’llmisstheseoldboats,"hesaidasweparted."Howdoyoumean?"Iasked."Oh,they’rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsoelegant,andthey’renotfuntopilot.Butthat’sprogress,Iguess."EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口號),andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings."Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself,"shesaid."Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It’saconflictthatwearen’tgettinganybetteratresolving(解決).Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony."Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,"hetoldme."WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We’vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It’saprettyhardcombinationtobeat."Heisright,butIcan’thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Sydney’sstrikingarchitecture. B.TheculturaldiversityofSydney.C.ThekeytoSydney’sdevelopment. D.Sydney’stouristattractionsinthe1960s.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?A.Hegoestoworkbyboat. B.Helooksforwardtoanewlife.C.Hepilotscatamaranswell. D.Heisattachedtotheoldferries.3.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A.Itislosingitstraditions. B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation. D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.4.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.B.Acitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.C.Modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.D.Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.Passage8ABritishwomanwhowona$1millionprizeaftershewasnamedtheWorld’sBestTeacherwillusethecashtobringinspirationalfiguresintoUKschools.AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution(變革)."Wearegoingtomakeachange,"shesaid."I’vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort—whetheranup-and-cominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestar—intoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.ZafirakoubegantheprojectatAlpertonCommunitySchool,herplaceofworkforthepasttwelveyears."I’veseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildrenaretalkingtosomeonetheyareinspiredby—theireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightup,"shesaid."Weneedartistsmorethaneverinourschools."ArtistMichaelCraig-Martinsaid:"Andria’sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlywelcomeatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinschools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.HistorianSirSimonSchamaisalsoasupporteroftheproject.Hesaidthatartseducationinschoolswasnotjustanadd-on."Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.Whatwillremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity,anditisourcreativespirit,ourvisionarysenseoffreshness,thathasbeenourstrengthforcenturies."1.WhatwillZafirakoudowithherprizemoney?A.Makeamovie. B.Buildnewschools.C.Runaproject. D.Helplocalmusicians.2.WhatdoesCraig-MartinthinkoftheteachingoftheartsinUKschools?A.Itisparticularlydifficult. B.Itincreasesartists’income.C.Itopenschildren’smind. D.Itdeservesgreaterattention.3.WhatshouldbestressedinschooleducationaccordingtoSchama?A.Moralprinciples. B.Interpersonalskills.C.Creativeabilities. D.Positiveworldviews.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BringArtiststoSchools B.WhenHistoriansMeetArtistsC.ArtsEducationinBritain D.TheWorld’sBestArtsTeacher【解析】本文介紹了MacBike公司的自行車租賃和有導游的觀光?！究记樗龠f】多模態(tài)語篇指那些包括文字、圖形、表格、動畫、符號或視頻的語篇，理解這類語篇除了需要使用傳統(tǒng)的文本閱讀技能之外，還需要觀察圖表中的信息、理解符號和動畫的意義等，綜合考查同學們"讀""看"的能力。本篇融入表格，需要同學們理解表格中的數(shù)字信息。此外本語篇的第2題以表格信息來設(shè)題，需要同學們在讀懂表格信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進行簡單的數(shù)字計算，又考查了同學們的數(shù)學計算能力。1.B理解具體信息根據(jù)第二段尾句"Weofferthenewestbicycles...withchildseats,andchildren’sbikes"可知，MacBike公司的一個優(yōu)勢是能提供各種各樣的自行車，包括帶腳剎的最基本的自行車、帶手剎和排擋的自行車、帶兒童座椅的自行車以及兒童自行車。故B項正確。2.C理解具體信息根據(jù)Prices部分所列表格的內(nèi)容可知，帶手剎的三擋自行車的日租金為14.75歐元，每多一天收8歐元，故租兩天為22.75歐元。3.D理解具體信息根據(jù)尾段倒數(shù)第二句"ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday"可知，有導游的城市觀光每天下午一點開始，每小時整點從DamSquare出發(fā)。故D項正確?！径尉x】核心單詞：landscapen.(陸上，尤指鄉(xiāng)村的)風景，景色rentaln.租金；出租，租賃核心短語：makesure確保，設(shè)法保證(be)availablefor對……是可用的awidevariety多種多樣詞綴變形：economicaladj.經(jīng)濟的，實惠的；節(jié)約的→economicadj.經(jīng)濟的，經(jīng)濟學的→economyn.經(jīng)濟；節(jié)省sustainableadj.可持續(xù)的，不破壞環(huán)境的→sustainv.維持，保持；遭受strategicadj.戰(zhàn)略(性)的，策略(上)的→strategyn.策略，行動計劃【解析】《閱讀藝術(shù)：書籍愛好者的藝術(shù)》讓我們看到了超越文化與時間的共同人性。網(wǎng)絡化的生活中，電子書的推廣并不能取代印刷書的使用，閱讀印刷書仍然是完全私人的活動。1.A推斷根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是第一段第一句"ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebration...threehundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld"可知，《閱讀藝術(shù)：書籍愛好者的藝術(shù)》這本書里展示了來自世界各地博物館的近300件藝術(shù)品，本文主要是對該書內(nèi)容的介紹。故可以推知，本文最有可能摘自書的序言。2.C理解具體信息根據(jù)第二段第一句和第二句中的"Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool...thegenerations"可知，被選中的藝術(shù)品強調(diào)的是圖書和閱讀，故C項正確。3.A理解詞匯根據(jù)第二段尾句"Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmomentswecanallrelateto"中的but表達的語境可知，這些場景可能是數(shù)百年前繪制的，但它們記錄了我們都能理解的時刻。故畫線詞意為"理解"，A項正確。4.A推斷根據(jù)本文尾句"Andincontrasttoourincreasinglynetworkedlives...offersthechanceofawhollyprivate,‘off-line’activity"可知，在我們?nèi)找婢W(wǎng)絡化的生活中，我們所消費的信息被監(jiān)控和跟蹤，與之相反，印刷書仍然提供了一個完全私人的、"離線"活動的機會。該句強調(diào)了印刷書的價值，據(jù)此可知，作者提及電子書旨在說明印刷書并未完全過時，故A項正確。【二次精讀】核心單詞：celebrationn.慶典，慶祝活動，慶祝emphasizev.強調(diào)，著重generationn.一代(人)demonstratev.證明；示范，演示核心短語：comeintobeing形成deepinthought陷入沉思詞綴變形：symbolicallyadv.象征性地，象征意義地→symbolicadj.象征的，符號的→symbolizev.象征，用符號表示→symboln.象征，標志；符號【解析】對于歷史事件的考證不能僅憑文字記錄，要注重文字記錄和實物相互印證，以幫助我們重現(xiàn)真實的歷史。1.A理解段落主旨要義題干問的是首段的主旨。根據(jù)文章首段可知,如果你想講述不偏袒人類歷史上任何一方的一段世界歷史，你就不能僅依靠文字。文字是人類的后期成果之一，直到最近甚至許多有文字的社會不僅用文字，還用實物來記載他們的重要的事情。所以此段是說過去的歷史事件應結(jié)合文字和實物來呈現(xiàn)，不能僅靠文字，故A項正確。2.D推斷題干問的是作者提及庫克船長的用意。根據(jù)第二段首句"Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects...butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t"(理想的情況是我們在研究歷史時應該將文字和實物結(jié)合起來……而很多情況下我們沒能這樣做)以及該段最后一句"Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports"(如果我們想要還原那天到底發(fā)生了什么，這塊盾牌必須和文字記述一樣經(jīng)過深入而嚴格的質(zhì)詢和詮釋)可知，庫克船長的記錄是片面的，故D項正確。3.B理解詞匯題干問的是畫線詞conversation在文中的意思。根據(jù)第三段中的"ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice"(實物能還原歷史事實)和"allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects"(我們所有的第一手描述無法避免地會被歪曲，它只是對話的一半。如果我們想找到另一半，就必不能只解讀文字，還要解讀實物)可知，conversation指的是歷史，故B項正確?！究记樗龠f】理解詞匯是近年高考閱讀理解必考題型,常見的有理解生僻詞含義、理解熟詞生義、理解代詞含義等，本題考查課標詞匯在文中的指代含義，考查角度有新意，需要同學們根據(jù)上下文語境去細細體會與揣摩，增加了試題難度。4.C推斷題干問的是本文最有可能摘自哪本書。根據(jù)本篇答案解析"段意梳理"部分可知，本文講述的重點是強調(diào)歷史實物考證的重要性，故C項"《100件實物中的世界歷史》"正確?！靖蓴_項分析】A項《地圖如何講述世界的故事》和D項《藝術(shù)作品如何講述故事》和文章內(nèi)容不符；B項《澳大利亞簡史》以偏概全，漏失信息。故C項正確?！径尉x】核心單詞：twistv.曲解，歪曲；轉(zhuǎn)動，旋轉(zhuǎn)；盤繞；扭傷accountn.報告，描述；賬戶核心短語：fromone’sside從某人的觀點或角度來看熟詞生義：privilege常用義：n.特權(quán)；優(yōu)惠待遇；榮幸文章義：v.特別優(yōu)待Wewanttoprivilegethembecausewithoutthetopgraduatestudents,wecan’tremainatopuniversity.我們希望給予這些最頂尖的研究生特別照顧，因為沒有他們，我們就無法繼續(xù)處于一流大學之列。詞綴變形：reconstructv.使重現(xiàn)，使再現(xiàn)→constructv.建筑，建造；構(gòu)建miscomprehensionn.誤解，曲解→comprehensionn.理解力，領(lǐng)悟能力難句分析：Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.分析：這是一個復合句，If引導條件狀語從句，同位語ahistory后面是一個定語從句，while表示前后兩種情況的對比。譯文：如果你想講述一個不偏袒人類歷史上任何一方的一段世界歷史，你不能僅僅依靠文本的歷史記錄，因為只有世界上的一些地方有過文字記載，然而世界上的多數(shù)地方絕大部分時候沒有文字記載?！窘馕觥勘疚闹攸c介紹了哲學著作《蘇格拉底快車》，該書語言幽默，陳述直白，卻能讓讀者深刻思考日常生活中的欲望、孤獨等哲學問題。1.C理解具體信息根據(jù)第一段的"anunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder’sSophie’sWorld"和第一段尾句"Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy(哲學)"可知，JosteinGaarder的《蘇菲的世界》把作者帶進了一個哲學的世界。故JosteinGaarder為作者打開了哲學大門。2.D推斷通讀第四段，特別是該段尾句"This,morethanabookaboutunderstandingphilosophy,isabookaboutlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife"可知，在列舉了幾位偉大的哲學家后，作者指出，這不僅僅是一本關(guān)于理解哲學的書，更是一本關(guān)于學習如何運用哲學來改善生活的書。據(jù)此可以推知，作者列舉幾位偉大的哲學家是為了幫助讀者更好地理解Weiner的這本書。3.B推斷根據(jù)最后一段的"TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging"可知，《蘇格拉底快車》是一本有趣而尖銳的書，它因顯而易見的簡單而吸引讀者，并逐漸將他們帶入對欲望、孤獨和衰老的更深層次的思考。結(jié)合常識可以推知，《蘇格拉底快車》的思想可以用于日常生活中，故B項正確。4.D推斷根據(jù)第五段的"hedoessowithplentyofhumor"可知，該書充滿了幽默；根據(jù)尾段第一句"TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging"可知，《蘇格拉底快車》因顯而易見的簡單而吸引讀者，并逐漸將他們帶入對欲望、孤獨和衰老的更深層次的思考。據(jù)此可以推知，Weiner的書幽默且易懂，故D項正確。【二次精讀】核心單詞：reawakenvt.勾起,喚起；再次引發(fā)(感情、回憶等)scenen.事發(fā)地，現(xiàn)場；事件，場面conversationn.(非正式的)談話，交談processn.過程，進程；步驟，程序apparentadj.顯而易見的，易懂的；貌似的，表面上的核心短語：befullof充滿……insearchof尋找……pickup拿起；學會；接人詞綴變形：invitationn.邀請；請柬；招致→invitev.邀請；征求interpretationn.解釋，理解；表演，演奏→interpretativeadj.解釋的；演繹的simplicityn.簡單(性)，容易(性)；簡樸，樸素→simplifyv.使簡易，簡化→simpleadj.簡單的，簡明的；簡樸的，樸素的【解析】本文介紹了藝術(shù)展及相關(guān)活動情況。1.B理解具體信息根據(jù)表格中的"Raeburn’sEnglishContemporariesThursday30Oct.,13.10"可知，這個講座的時間是10月30日周四。2.B理解具體信息(數(shù)字計算)根據(jù)Admission下面的內(nèi)容可知，門票是4英鎊，12歲以下的孩子由一位成人陪同的話可以免門票。一對夫婦帶兩個12歲以下的孩子應支付8英鎊，故選B。3.C理解具體信息根據(jù)SchoolsandColleges部分"Aspeciallowentrance...inorganisedgroupswithteachers"可知，全日制學生享受群體優(yōu)惠價需要老師帶隊?！径尉x】核心單詞：exhibitionn.展覽；展出masterpiecen.杰作；代表作；名著collectionn.收藏品presentv.(以某種方式)展現(xiàn)，顯示accompanyv.陪伴chargen.收費；指控；主管availableadj.可獲得的；可購得的；可找到的；有空的詞綴變形：exhibitv.展覽→exhibitionn.展覽enterv.進入→entrancen.入口(處)；進入；進入權(quán)；準許加入admitv.準許……進入(某處)→admissionn.準許加入；進入權(quán)；入場費【解析】本文介紹了DorothyWickenden寫的一部書的主要內(nèi)容：兩個富裕家庭長大的女孩子去落基山脈的一個村落當老師，她們住在當?shù)厝说募依?，和他們一樣過著艱辛的生活。1.A理解具體信息根據(jù)第一段的"In1916,twogirlsofwealthyedtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteac