一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)

一般過去時(shí)知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)一般過去時(shí)構(gòu)成用法常用時(shí)間動(dòng)詞的過去式1、表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2、表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。yesterdaylastnightin1990twodaysago動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞不規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成讀音規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成構(gòu)成規(guī)那么例詞1、一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加–edlooklookedplayplayedstartstarted2、結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞加--dlivelivedhopehopeduseused3、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加—edstopstoppedplanplannedtriptripped4、結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞，先變“y”為“i”再加—edstudystudiedcarrycarried清念/t/,元濁/d/;/t//d/之后念/id/規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞詞-ed的讀音說明：1、清念/t/，即ed在清輔音后面念/t/,例：finishedhelpedpassedcooked2、元濁/d/,即ed在元音，濁輔音后面念/d/,例：borrowedenjoyedcalledmoved3、/t//d/之后念/id/,即ed在/t//d/音后面念/id/例：wantedshoutedneededcounted不規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞表InfinitivePasttenseamiswasarewerebeginbegunbreakbrokebringbroughtbuildbuiltbuyboughtcancouldInfinitivePasttensecatchcaughtcomecamedodiddrawdrewdrinkdrankdrivedroveeatatefallfell用法1、表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Hewashereyesterday.Igotupatsixthirtyyesterdaymorning.Myfatherwasatworkyesterdayafternoon.Didyouhaveagoodtimelastsummer?2、表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Myfatheroftenwenttoworkbybuslastyear.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenlistenedtomusic.常用時(shí)間常與一般過去時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間有：yesterdayyesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening…)lastnight(week,month,year…)twodaysago,aweekago,threeyearsago…in1990,(in1998…)一般過去時(shí)態(tài)句式的構(gòu)成

陳述句式動(dòng)詞肯定式否定式

beIwas….He/She/itwas….We/You/Theywere….Iwasnot(wasn’t)….He/She/Itwasnot(wasn’t)….We/You/Theywerenot(weren’t)…

workI/You/He/She/It/We/You/Theyworked.I/You/He/She/It/We/You/They

didnot(didn’t)work.

進(jìn)入下頁返回首頁一般過去時(shí)態(tài)句式的構(gòu)成

疑問句式動(dòng)詞疑問句式和簡略答語第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱be

WasI…?Yes,youwere.No,youwerenot.

Wereyou…?Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.

Washe/she/it…?Yes,he/she/itwas.No,he/she/itwasnot.

Werewe…?Yes,we/youwere.No,we/youwerenot.

Wereyou…?Yes,wewere.No,wewerenot.

Werethey…?Yes,theywere.No,theywerenot.work

DidIwork?Yes,youdid.No,youdidnot.

Didyouwork?Yes,Idid.No,Ididnot.

Didhe/she/itwork?Yes,he/she/itdid.No,he/she/itdidnot.

Didwework?Yes,we/youdid.No,we/youdidnot.

Didyouwork?Yes,wedid.No,wedidnot.

Didtheywork?Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？

whatdidyou/she/theydoyesterday?I/she/theyworked.返回上頁返回首頁P(yáng)RACTISE改寫句子：1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.〔改否認(rèn)句〕Lucy______________herhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge.〔變一般疑問句)______he___________meatinthefridge?3、Shestayedthereforaweek.〔對(duì)劃線局部提問〕_________________she_____there?4、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.〔變一般疑問句)_____there_____orangeinthecup?

didn’tdoDidfindany

HowlongdidstayWasanyThat’sgreat√過去進(jìn)行時(shí)根本概念：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。根本結(jié)構(gòu)主語+was/were+doing+其他內(nèi)容

注:doing就是現(xiàn)在分詞，詞形變化與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相同常用的時(shí)間狀語

thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while,atthattime,justnow不同的句式肯定句：主語+was/were+doing+其它否認(rèn)句:主語+was/were+not+doing+其它一般疑問句:Was/Were+主語+doing+其它特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+doing+其它用法

1.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的根本用法主要表示過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Hefellasleepwhenhewasreading.他看書時(shí)睡著了。

2.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在主要是為了使語氣委婉、客氣。如：Iwaswonderingifyoucouldgivemealift.我不知你能否讓我搭一下車【注】一般過去時(shí)也有類似用法，但比較而言，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)顯得更客氣，更不肯定。能否讓我搭一下車。3.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示感情色彩與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相似，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩，也通常與always,forever,continually等副詞連用。如：Theywerealwaysquarrelling.他們老是吵架。4.動(dòng)詞be的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示過去一時(shí)的表現(xiàn)或暫時(shí)的狀態(tài)。比較：Hewasfriendly.他很友好。(指過去長期如此)Hewasbeingfriendly.他當(dāng)時(shí)顯得很友好。(指當(dāng)時(shí)一時(shí)的表現(xiàn))一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別1、一般過時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。比較：Shewrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚給朋友寫了封信。(信寫完了)Shewaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚一直在給朋友寫信。(信不一定寫完)

2、一般過去時(shí)表示只做一次動(dòng)作，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作反復(fù)地進(jìn)行。

如：Shewavedtome.她朝我揮了揮手。Shewaswavingtome.她一直朝我揮手。3、句中有amomentago之類的短語一般用一般過去時(shí)。

4、句中有atthistimelastSunday,from8to9yesterday之類的狀語一般用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以用來代替一般過去時(shí)，表示更為偶然而非預(yù)定的動(dòng)作：

IwastalkingtoTomtheotherday．那天我跟湯姆聊天來著。典型的例子1)Mary___adresswhenshecutherfinger.

A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes

答案C.割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。同時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，"瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)"提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

2)Asshe___thenewspaper,Granny___asleep.

read；wasfallingB.wasreading；fellC.wasreading；wasfallingD.read；fell

答案B.句中的as=when,while，意為"當(dāng)……之時(shí)"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為"在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。"句中的fell(fall的過去時(shí))，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fallsick。

單項(xiàng)選擇題1.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.

A.fell,wasriding

B.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rode

D.hadfallen,wasriding2.Tom___intothehousewhennoone___.A.slipped,waslooking

B.hadslipped,lookedC.slipped,hadlooked

D.wasslipping,looked3.ThelasttimeI__Janeshe___cottoninthefields.

A.hadseen,waspicking

B.saw,pickedC.hadseen,picked

D.saw,waspicking4.Idon’tthinkJimsawme;he___intospace.

A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared5.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked

6.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!

---Oh,I’mterriblysorry.________.A.I’mnotnoticing

B.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticed

D.Ididn’tnotice

7.ThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentravelingD.wastotravel

8.I___mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.A.hadB.hadbeenhavingC.havebeenhavingD.washaving填入以下單詞的正確形式1.Itwaswarm,soI________offmycoat(take).2.John_________(take)aphotographofmewhileI__________(not/look).3.Jane______________________(wait)formewhenI__________(arrive).4.WhenIwasyoung,I____________(want)tobeabusdriver.

5.MybrothercameintothebedroomwhileI___________

(dance).6.________he__________(lie)onthegroundatnineyesterdayevening?7.What__________Jim__________(write)whentheteachercamein?8.TheReads__________(nothave)lunchwhenIgottotheirhouse.9.MikeandI________(play)basketballatthattimeyesterdayafternoon.按要求轉(zhuǎn)換以下句型。1.WewerehavingaPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.〔改為否認(rèn)句〕We____________aPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.2.Katewasreviewingherlessonsateightlastnight.〔改為一般疑問句，并做肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)〕________Kate_______herlessonsateightlastnight?________,she________.

________,she_______.3.Heraninthepark.〔用atthistimeyesterday改寫〕He_______________intheparkatthistimeyesterday.4.Theywereplayingcomputergamesatninelastnight.〔對(duì)劃線局部提問〕________________they_______atninelastnight?5.Iwasreadinganovelatthreeyesterdayafternoon.〔對(duì)劃線局部提問〕_________________you________atthreeyesterdayafternoon?

過去完成時(shí)態(tài)2.過去完成時(shí)可以表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。也就是說發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。1.PastperfectTense過去完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：had＋過去分詞6:007:00現(xiàn)在BythetimeIgotup,mysisterhadalreadywashedalltheclothes.肯定式：主語+had+p.p.+….

否認(rèn)式：主語+hadn’t+p.p.+….

疑問式：Had+主語+p.p.+…?

肯定答語：Yes,主語+had

否認(rèn)答語：No，主語+hadn’tThedifferencesbetweenPresentPerfecttenseandPastPerfecttense.ShehastaughtEnglishfor6years.“WhereisSusan”“ShehasgonetoAmerica”.表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，這動(dòng)作可能剛剛停止,也可能還在進(jìn)行。ShesaidshehadtaughtEnglishfor6years.(2)BythetimeIgottoLondon,shehadgonetoAmerica.表示過去某時(shí)之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí):主語+have/hasdone過去完成時(shí):主語+haddone1.我到家時(shí)她已經(jīng)睡了。

BythetimeIgothome,shehadalreadygonetobed.2.到昨天晚上時(shí)消息已傳遍全球。

Byyesterdayeveningthenewshadspreadthroughtheworld.3.他走以后我找到了那封信。Ifoundtheletterafterhehadgoneaway.Wereachedthecinemalate.Thefilmhadalreadybeenonfortenminutes.4.我們到電影院晚了,電影已經(jīng)開始十分鐘了。常用的時(shí)間狀語等標(biāo)志詞：1、by,before,when,bythetime等構(gòu)成的短語或引導(dǎo)的從句。Eg.1)Bythetimeshecametothebusstop,thebushadalreadygone.2)Wehadfinishedthetaskbeforemidnight.3)WhenIarrivedatthepostoffice,IfoundthatIhadlefttheletterathome.4)AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.2、由said,told,knew,heard,thought等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中。Eg.Hetoldmethathehadheardofit.Ithoughtmyhomeworkhadbeenfininshed.ButIdidn’t.3、從過去開始，一直持續(xù)到過去的另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)。常用since，for.Eg.ShesaidthatshehadlearnedEnglishforyearssincehecametoourschool注意：瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間狀語，及since,for引導(dǎo)的從句和短語連用。Eg.1.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbegunfortenminutes.2.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfortenminutes.3.Hesaidthedoorhadbeenopendforlong.4.Hesaidthedoorhadopenedforlong.5.H