浙江省湖州市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷

2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測(cè)試卷高二英語(yǔ)本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)，第Ⅰ卷1至8頁(yè)，第Ⅱ卷9至10頁(yè)。滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，考生務(wù)必用2B鉛筆按“正確涂寫”要求涂寫答題卡。2.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在試卷上。3.考試結(jié)束，考生將答題卡交回。第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.What’sweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.2.Whenwillthewomanreturn?AOnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnFriday.3.Howmanytestsdocsthewomanhavetotaketoday?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atabookstore.B.Atalibrary.C.Attheman’shome.5.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetoysintotal?A.$10.B.$30.C.$40.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)所下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatkindofpersonisMr.Smith?A.Humorous.B.Kind.C.Generous7.WhatdoesthemanlearnfromMr.Smith?A.Maths.B.Historicstories.C.Jokes.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whenwilltheplanetakeoff?A.At4:50.B.At6:30.C.At7:30.9.Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?A.Bytaxi.B.Byunderground.C.Bybus.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Colleagues.11.WhatdoesthemanthinkofMs.White?AFormal.B.Casual.C.Mean.12.HowoftendothewomanandMs.Whitehaveagettogether?A.EveryFriday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Onceamonth.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whoarethetwospeakers?A.Bossandemployee.B.Husbandandwife.C.Parentandchild.14.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.15.Whatdessertwillbeservedatthedinnerparty?A.Pie.B.Cookies.C.Acake16.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Dosomecleaning.B.Invitetheguests.C.Decoratethehouse.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Exerciseandhealth.B.Trafficandpollution.C.Lifeandwork.18.Whatarecityplannerstryingtodo?A.Keepoutcars.B.Addmorebuses.C.Closeshopsinthecitycenter.19.Whatisthespeaker’sattitudetothepracticeofcityplanners?A.Uncertain.B.Supportive.C.Opposed.20.Whatcanwedotomakeadifferenceaccordingtothespeaker?A.Makesensibledecisions.B.Spendmoneywisely.C.Helppeopleunderstandtheproblems.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWithahugevarietyofanimals,plants,andgeologicalfeatures,it’snosurprisetheRockyMountainshostmanynationalparksinboththeUSandCanada.HereareafewofthenationalparksintheregiondedicatedtopreservingtheuniqueenvironmentsoftheRockyMountains.RockyMountainNationalParkThefirstofthegreatnationalparksintheRockyMountains,thisparkincludes415squaremilesoflandacrosstheContinentalDivide.Becauseofitssize,visitorscanexperiencehighmountainpeaks,grassyvalleys,hiddenalpinelakes,andbeautifulwaterfalls.RockclimberscanscaleathousandfeetupthesheerrockcliffsofLongsPeak,andtherearemanyhikingtrails.YellowstoneNationalParkYellowstoneisprobablyoneofthemostwellknownnationalparks.PresidentUlyssessS.GrantdesignatedYellowstoneastheveryfirstnationalparkintheUnitedStatesonMarch1,1872.Itisfamousforitshotsprings,boilingmud,fumarolesandgeyserssuchasOldFaithful,whichshootsboilingwatermorethan100feetintotheair.Yellowstonealsohasitsowncanyonandmagnificentwaterfall.Visitorscanseebison,elk,wolvesandgrizzlybears.GrandTetonNationalParkTravelerscanleaveYellowstoneonaparkwaythatbringsthemrighttoGrandTetonNationalPark,justnorthofJackson,Wyoming.Humanshavelivedintheareaformorethan11,000years,andtracesofthishistorycanbefoundthroughoutthepark.GrandTetonhasmanyopportunitiesforhiking,camping,boating,rockclimbing,andviewingwildlife,aswellasamazingviewsoftheGrandTetonMountainRange.BanffNationalParkBanffNationalParkislocatednearCalgary,inAlberta,Canada.BanffwasCanada’sfirstnationalpark,andisknownforitsmountainpeaks,itshundredsofglaciers,andglacierfedlakessuchasLakeLouise.Banffhasmanyhikingtrailsandcampsites,andwintervisitorssnowshoe,ski,andskate.1.Whichofthefollowingbestsuitswintersportslovers?A.RockyMountainNationalPark. B.YellowstoneNationalPark.C.GrandTetonNationalPark. D.BanffNationalPark.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.RockyMountainNationalParkhasitsowncanyon.B.YellowstoneNationalParkarefamousforcampsites.C.GrandTetonNationalParkenjoysthelongesthistory.D.BanffNationalParkisthefirstnationalparkinCanada.3.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Ageographytextbook. D.Awildlifeguidebook.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)國(guó)家公園以及旅游特色?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Banffhasmanyhikingtrailsandcampsites,andwintervisitorssnowshoe,ski,andskate.(班夫有許多徒步小徑和露營(yíng)地，冬季游客可以穿雪鞋、滑雪和滑冰)”可知，班夫國(guó)家公園最適合冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)愛(ài)好者。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“BanffwasCanada’sfirstnationalpark,andisknownforitsmountainpeaks,itshundredsofglaciers,andglacierfedlakessuchasLakeLouise.(班夫是加拿大的第一個(gè)國(guó)家公園，以其山峰、數(shù)百座冰川和路易斯湖等冰川湖泊而聞名)”可知，班夫國(guó)家公園是加拿大第一個(gè)國(guó)家公園。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Withahugevarietyofanimals,plants,andgeologicalfeatures,it’snosurprisetheRockyMountainshostmanynationalparksinboththeUSandCanada.HereareafewofthenationalparksintheregiondedicatedtopreservingtheuniqueenvironmentsoftheRockyMountains.(落基山脈擁有種類繁多的動(dòng)物、植物和地質(zhì)特征，因此在美國(guó)和加拿大擁有許多國(guó)家公園也就不足為奇了。這里有幾個(gè)國(guó)家公園致力于保護(hù)落基山脈的獨(dú)特環(huán)境)”以及最后一段“Banffhasmanyhikingtrailsandcampsites,andwintervisitorssnowshoe,ski,andskate.(班夫有許多徒步小徑和露營(yíng)地，冬季游客可以穿雪鞋、滑雪和滑冰)”可知，文章主要介紹了四個(gè)國(guó)家公園以及旅游特色。由此推知，文章做可能選自一本旅游手冊(cè)。故選B。BIn1996,someonefoundsomeveryoldclothesinanoldmineinNevada,USA;theyincludedapairofdirtyoldjeans.Today,thosejeansareveryvaluable,andtheyarenowintheLeviStraussArchivalCollection,inSanFrancisco.Thejeans,whichareover140yearsold,aretheoldestpairofLevi’s501jeansintheworld.Theyarealmostthesameasamodernpairof501’s;therearejustsomesmalldifferencesinthedetailForinstance,today’s501’shavetwobackpockets,theoldpairjusthasone.In1853,ayoungtailorfromGermany,calledLeviStrauss,beganworkinginSanFrancisco;Levisoldthickcanvastominers;theminersusedthecanvastomaketents.Oneday,aminertoldLevithathecouldnotfindtrousersthatwerestrongenoughforworkinthegoldmines.Levidecidedtomakesometrousersoutofcanvas.Verysoon,hehadsoldallthecanvastrousershe’dmade!Theywerejustwhatminerswanted.However,thecanvaswasratherheavyandstiffLevithereforebegantolookforadifferenttextile;soonhefoundaheavytextilefromFrance;itwascalledsergedeNimes.AmericansjustcalledthisdeNimes,andthisnamesoongotreducedtodenim.Denimwasabitlighterthancanvasbutitwasverystrong:itwasidealforminers.However,originaldenimwasalmostwhite,andminersdidnotlikethecolor!Theirdenimtrousersgotdirtyassoonastheybeganworking!LeviStraussthereforedecidedtousecoloreddenim,andhechosedarkblue.In1873,hebegantomakedenimtrouserswithmetalrivetstomakethemstronger.Thiswasaradicalnewidea:“Bluejeans”hadarrived!Levi’sjeansweresopopular,thathispanygotbiggerandbigger,soon,otherfirmsweremakingbluejeanstoo.Minerslikedthem,butsodidcowboysandotherworkingmen.BluejeansbecameclassicAmericanworkingtrousers.AftertheSecondWorldWar,jeansbecamepopularallovertheworld.Today,bluejeansarenowtheinternationaluniformwornbyyoungpeople.4.WhydidLevistarttomakejeansatfirst?A.Tostartabusiness. B.Tomakeuseofcanvas.C.Tomakeadifference. D.Tomeettheminers’needs.5.Whatdoyouknowabout“denim”?A.Itwasoriginallydarkblue.B.ItwasintroducedfromFrance.C.Itwasthoughtlittleofbycowboys.D.Itwasheavyandstiffparedtocanvas.6WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLevi?A.Diligentandhonest. B.Innovativeanddevoted.C.Nobleandpersistent. D.Generousandwarmhearted.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Acreativetailor. B.Alongexistingtrend.C.Theoriginofjeans. D.Thefamousbrandofjeans.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是牛仔褲的由來(lái)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Oneday,aminertoldLevithathecouldnotfindtrousersthatwerestrongenoughforworkinthegoldmines.Levidecidedtomakesometrousersoutofcanvas.(一天，一個(gè)礦工告訴Levi，他找不到在金礦工作時(shí)穿的結(jié)實(shí)的褲子。Levi決定用帆布做一些褲子。)”可知，有礦工告訴Levi他們找不到在金礦工作時(shí)結(jié)實(shí)的褲子，Levi決定用帆布做一些褲子，由此可知，Levi最初作牛仔褲是為了滿足礦工的需要。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“However,thecanvaswasratherheavyandstiffLevithereforebegantolookforadifferenttextile;soonhefoundaheavytextilefromFrance;itwascalledsergedeNimes.AmericansjustcalledthisdeNimes,andthisnamesoongotreducedtodenim.(然而，帆布又重又硬，因此Levi開(kāi)始尋找一種不同的紡織品；很快，他找到了一件來(lái)自法國(guó)的重紡織品；它叫sergedeNimes。美國(guó)人把它叫做deNimes，這個(gè)名字很快就變成了denim。)”可知，denim是Levi尋找到的以一種紡織布，原來(lái)叫做sergedeNimes，使用來(lái)自于法國(guó)的重紡織品，叫做sergedeNimes，由此可知，denim是從法國(guó)引進(jìn)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“LeviStraussthereforedecidedtousecoloreddenim,andhechosedarkblue.In1873,hebegantomakedenimtrouserswithmetalrivetstomakethemstronger.(因此，Levi決定使用彩色牛仔布，他選擇了深藍(lán)色。1873年，他開(kāi)始制作帶有金屬鉚釘?shù)呐Ｗ醒?，以使其更加?jiān)固。)”可知，在了解到礦工不喜歡白色的牛仔布時(shí)，Levi開(kāi)始選擇使用深藍(lán)色，為使牛仔褲堅(jiān)固，開(kāi)始制作帶有金屬鉚釘?shù)呐Ｗ醒?，由此可知，Levi是一個(gè)很有創(chuàng)新能力的人，根據(jù)第六段中的“However,thecanvaswasratherheavyandstiffLevithereforebegantolookforadifferenttextile;soonhefoundaheavytextilefromFrance;(然而，帆布又重又硬，因此Levi開(kāi)始尋找一種不同的紡織品；很快，他找到了一件來(lái)自法國(guó)的重紡織品)”可知，在發(fā)現(xiàn)帆布存在的問(wèn)題后Levi開(kāi)始尋找不同的紡織品，最后找到了來(lái)自于法國(guó)的重紡織品，由此可知，Levi是一個(gè)全心全意的人，由此可知，Levi是一個(gè)富有創(chuàng)新思想和全心全意的人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“In1996,someonefoundsomeveryoldclothesinanoldmineinNevada,USA;theyincludedapairofdirtyoldjeans.Today,thosejeansareveryvaluable,andtheyarenowintheLeviStraussArchivalCollection,inSanFrancisco.Thejeans,whichareover140yearsold,aretheoldestpairofLevi’s501jeansintheworld.(1996年，有在美國(guó)內(nèi)華達(dá)州的一個(gè)舊礦里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些非常舊的衣服；其中包括一條又臟又舊的牛仔褲。今天，這些牛仔褲非常有價(jià)值，它們現(xiàn)在在舊金山的Levi檔案收藏中。這條牛仔褲有140多年的歷史，是世界上最古老的Levi的501牛仔褲。)”可知，本段介紹1996年發(fā)現(xiàn)的一件牛仔褲是世界上最古老的牛仔褲，它是Levi的501牛仔褲，由此引出本文講述的話題，結(jié)合下文中介紹的Levi制造牛仔褲的原因，選擇牛仔褲的用料和以及顏色的改進(jìn)可知，本文主要介紹的是牛仔褲的由來(lái)。故選C項(xiàng)。CTheAmazonrainforestspreadsacrossnineSouthAmericancountriesbutmostofit(60%)isinBrazil.Brazilianscientiststhinktheymighthavefoundawaytoreversethedamagecausedbydeforestationandturnfarmlandbackintoforest.Thesecretliesinancientlocalknowledgeofsoil.Amazoniandarkearth(ADE)isathick,blacksoilfounddeepintheAmazonrainforest,anditcouldhelprestoreforestsaroundtheworld.ADEisakindofpost—asoilmadefromdeadplantsandanimals.Variouskindsofpostaresoldingardeningcentersaroundtheworld,butADEisunique.Itwascreatedbyindigenouspeople(thedescendantsofpeoplewholivedsomewherebeforeanotherculturearrivedandtookover)fromtheAmazonbetween2,000and2,500yearsago.TheAmazonianpeople,todayknownasAmerindians,createdADEusingcharcoalfromfires,animalbones,foodwasteandpoo.Itcontainsmicrobes,includingbacteriathathelptoturnchemicalsinthesoilintousefulnutrientsthatfeedplantsandtrees.VastareasoftheAmazonhavebeencutdown,mostlytomakewayforgrasslandforraisingcattle.Scientistsarelookingforawaytoturngrasslandbackintorainforestandreviveforestecosystems.Thesesupportthousandsofanimalandplantspecies,manyofthemuniquetothearea.Forestsalsoabsorblotsofcarbondioxide,agasthatcauseclimatechange.ToseeiftheAmazon’sspecialsoilcouldhelp,thescientistsgrewgrassesandtreesinADE,regularearthandamixtureofboth.TreesgrowninADEwereuptosixtimestallerthanthoseinregularsoil.ADEtakeshundredsofyearstocreate,sothescientistscan’tsimplymakemore.Teammember,Dr.SiuMuiTsai,saidthatinsteadtheywanttotryand“copyitscharacteristics”,especiallyitshelpfulmicrobes,andseeifitcouldhelptorestorenaturalhabitats.8.WhatareBrazilianscientiststryingtodo?A.Tobringforestsback. B.Tomeasuredamage.C.Toreducefarmland. D.Todigoutancientsoil.9.WhatmadetheAmazoniandarkearthspecial?A.Deadplants. B.Animalbones. C.Foodwaste. D.Bacteriainside.10.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Thereasonsforcuttingdownforests. B.Thebenefitsofraisingcattle.C.Thesignificanceofforestecosystems. D.Theinfluenceofclimatechange.11.WhichofthefollowingmightDr.Siuagreewith?A.Amazoniandarkearthishelpfultomicrobes.B.Amazoniandarkearthisproducedinlargequantities.C.Microbesarebeneficialtotherevivalofforests.D.Microbesarethecharacteristicsofthenaturalhabitats.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了巴西科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)貋嗰R遜森林中的黑土可能可以幫助人們恢復(fù)森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，這種黑土富含有益的微生物，有助于土壤中成分的轉(zhuǎn)化，幫助植物的生長(zhǎng)，但這種黑土形成所需的時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，因此科學(xué)家只能通過(guò)復(fù)刻其特征來(lái)嘗試恢復(fù)自然棲息地?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Brazilianscientiststhinktheymighthavefoundawaytoreversethedamagecausedbydeforestationandturnfarmlandbackintoforest.Thesecretliesinancientlocalknowledgeofsoil.(巴西科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，他們可能已經(jīng)找到了一種方法，可以扭轉(zhuǎn)森林砍伐造成的破壞，讓農(nóng)田重新變成森林。秘密在于當(dāng)?shù)毓爬系耐寥乐R(shí))”可知，這些科學(xué)家在嘗試恢復(fù)被破壞的森林。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheAmazonianpeople,todayknownasAmerindians,createdADEusingcharcoalfromfires,animalbones,foodwasteandpoo.Itcontainsmicrobes,includingbacteriathathelptoturnchemicalsinthesoilintousefulnutrientsthatfeedplantsandtrees.(亞馬遜人，今天被稱為美洲印第安人，用木炭、動(dòng)物骨頭、食物垃圾和糞便創(chuàng)造了亞馬遜黑土。它含有微生物，包括有助于將土壤中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為植物和樹(shù)木所需的有用營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的細(xì)菌)”可知，亞馬遜黑土的特別之處在于亞馬遜人創(chuàng)造它的方法使它最終含有一些細(xì)菌，有利于土壤成分的轉(zhuǎn)化。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Scientistsarelookingforawaytoturngrasslandbackintorainforestandreviveforestecosystems.Thesesupportthousandsofanimalandplantspecies,manyofthemuniquetothearea.Forestsalsoabsorblotsofcarbondioxide,agasthatcauseclimatechange.(科學(xué)家們正在尋找一種將草原變回雨林并恢復(fù)森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的方法。這些系統(tǒng)滋養(yǎng)成千上萬(wàn)的動(dòng)植物物種，其中許多是該地區(qū)獨(dú)有的。森林還會(huì)吸收大量二氧化碳，這是一種導(dǎo)致氣候變化的氣體)”可知，本段主要介紹恢復(fù)森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)的好處，包括滋養(yǎng)特有的生物，以及吸收二氧化碳，即森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Teammember,Dr.SiuMuiTsai,saidthatinsteadtheywanttotryand“copyitscharacteristics”,especiallyitshelpfulmicrobes,andseeifitcouldhelptorestorenaturalhabitats.(團(tuán)隊(duì)成員SiuMuiTsai博士說(shuō)，相反，他們想嘗試“復(fù)制它的特征”，尤其是它的有益微生物，看看它是否有助于恢復(fù)自然棲息地)”可知，他希望通過(guò)創(chuàng)造與亞馬遜黑土類似的物質(zhì)，尤其是其中的有益微生物，來(lái)恢復(fù)自然棲息地。由此推知，他會(huì)贊同“微生物對(duì)森林的恢復(fù)是有益的”的觀點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。DDoesiteverseemlikesomethingisgoingonwithourattentionspans?GloriaMark,anattentionresearcherattheuniversityofCalifornia,saysthereisscientificevidencethatattentionspanshaveshrunkconsiderably.“Westartedstudyingattentionspanlengthover20yearsago,”Marksaid.“In2003,wefoundthatattentionspansaveragedabouttwoandahalfminutesonanyscreenbeforepeopleswitched,Inthepastfive,sixyears,theyareaveraging47secondsonthescreen.”Markmaintainsthatashorterattentionspanhasthreedownsides:Thefirstisthatpeoplemakemoreerrorswhentheydoattentionshifting;seconddownsideisthatittakeslongertodosomething,becausewehavetoadjusttoeverynewtaskeverytimeweshift;thethirddownside—maybethisistheworstofall—isthatstressincreases.Whenpeopleareworkingonmultipletasksandtheyhavetoshifttheirattention,theirbloodpressurerises.Youdon’thavetobeaprofessortoguessatthecauseofourgreatdistractability:It’stechnology,ofcoursephones,socialmedia,texting.Itmightbehardtothinkofthelasttimeyouevenhadatechfreehour.Sosheofferedacoupleoftipsforstayingfocused:First,whenyoufeeltheitchtochangetasks,analyzewhy.Ifit’sjustboredomorprocrastination(拖延癥),makeadealwithyourselftoworkanother20minutes,andthentreatyourselftoareward.Second,pictureyourselfattheendoftheday.Whatdoyouwanttohaveacplished?Whatdoyouwanttofeel?“Aconcretevisualizationofyourselfsittingonthecouch,youknow,watchingyourfavouriteshowisreallygoodmotivation,”shesaid.Theinternethasthisincredibleresourceavailabletous,soratherthanbeupsetbyitbecauseitdistractsus,howcanweturnthataroundandinsteadfindvaluefromit?AndhowcanweutilizeourtimebestwhenweusetheresourcesfromtheInternetwithoutgettingexhaustedfromit?ThesequestionsarewhatGloriaMarkwillfocusoninhersubsequentresearch.12.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Negativeeffectsofshortattentionspans. B.Benefitsoflongattentionspans.C.Causesofshortattentionspans. D.Waystodealwithshortattentionspans.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinpara.3probablymean?A.Necessity. B.Courage. C.Desire D.Choice14.WhichofthefollowingmayGloriaMarksuggest?A.Imaginingwhatyouwillacplishattheendofthedayisawasteoftime.B.Multitaskingisagoodwaytoextendourattentionspan.C.Itisnecessarytothinktwicebeforeshiftingyourtasks.D.We’dbettersaynototheinternetsometimesasitdistractsus.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AreOurAttentionSpansGettingShorter? B.HowDoWeLivewiththeInternet?C.IsMultitaskingPossible? D.WhatCanWeDotoMakeOurAttentionSpansLonger?【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了有科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間已經(jīng)大幅縮短。文章說(shuō)明了較短的注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間有三個(gè)缺點(diǎn)、注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間變短的原因以及我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)的建議?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Markmaintainsthatashorterattentionspanhasthreedownsides:Thefirstisthatpeoplemakemoreerrorswhentheydoattentionshifting;seconddownsideisthatittakeslongertodosomething,becausewehavetoadjusttoeverynewtaskeverytimeweshift;thethirddownside—maybethisistheworstofall—isthatstressincreases.Whenpeopleareworkingonmultipletasksandtheyhavetoshifttheirattention,theirbloodpressurerises.(馬克認(rèn)為，較短的注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間有三個(gè)缺點(diǎn)：首先，人們?cè)谧⒁饬D(zhuǎn)移時(shí)犯了更多的錯(cuò)誤；第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn)是，做某件事需要更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，因?yàn)槊看无D(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，我們都必須適應(yīng)每一項(xiàng)新任務(wù)；第三個(gè)缺點(diǎn)——也許是最糟糕的——是壓力增加。當(dāng)人們同時(shí)處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)，不得不轉(zhuǎn)移注意力時(shí)，他們的血壓就會(huì)升高)”可知，第二段的主要內(nèi)容是注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間短的負(fù)面影響。故選A?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Ifit’sjustboredomorprocrastination(拖延癥),makeadealwithyourselftoworkanother20minutes,andthentreatyourselftoareward.(如果只是無(wú)聊或拖延，跟自己約定再工作20分鐘，然后給自己一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”可知，馬克建議當(dāng)你渴望改變?nèi)蝿?wù)的時(shí)候，要分析一下原因，來(lái)讓自己保持專注。故劃線詞意思是“渴望”。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Sosheofferedacoupleoftipsforstayingfocused:First,whenyoufeeltheitchtochangetasks,analyzewhy.Ifit’sjustboredomorprocrastination(拖延癥),makeadealwithyourselftoworkanother20minutes,andthentreatyourselftoareward.(因此，她提供了一些保持專注的建議：首先，當(dāng)你想要改變?nèi)蝿?wù)時(shí)，分析一下原因。如果只是無(wú)聊或拖延，跟自己約定再工作20分鐘，然后給自己一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”可知，格洛麗亞·馬克建議在改變你的任務(wù)之前，有必要三思而后行。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Doesiteverseemlikesomethingisgoingonwithourattentionspans?GloriaMark,anattentionresearcherattheuniversityofCalifornia,saysthereisscientificevidencethatattentionspanshaveshrunkconsiderably.(我們的注意力有沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)過(guò)變化？加利福尼亞大學(xué)的注意力研究員GloriaMark表示，有科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間已經(jīng)大幅縮短)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了有科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間已經(jīng)大幅縮短。文章說(shuō)明了較短的注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間有三個(gè)缺點(diǎn)、注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間變短的原因以及我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)的建議。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“我們能做些什么來(lái)延長(zhǎng)注意力的持續(xù)時(shí)間？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenyouhavemountainsofhomeworkandstudyingahead,gettingstartedcanseemlikeanimpossibletask.____16____Readontolearnhowtostopprocrastinating(拖延)onstudying,focusevenwhenyou’retired,andgetmotivatedtodoyourschoolwork!Startwithyoureasiesttasktogettheballrolling.____17____Whenyoureallydon’tfeellikegettingstarted,it’sbettertosetyourselfupforaquickwin.Tryworkingfromtheshortesttothemosttimeintensivetask,andworkfromeasiestprojecttothehardest.Onceyoufinishasmallsteportwo,you’llgetanawesomesenseofacplishmentthat’llmakeiteasiertokeepgoing!____18____Pickafewtasksyoucanacplishinjustonesitting.Divideyourlargerstudyinggoalsintosmall,concretesteps.Identifyspecific,achievablegoalsthatyoucanworkononeatatime.Thisway,youcanmakegoodprogress,andachievingeachgoalwillmakeyoufeelacplishedattheendofyourstudysession.Rewardyourselfwhenyoupleteatask.Treatyourselftohelpyoustaymotivatedandmakestudyingfun.Ifyou’reinthemiddleofastudysession,youcantakeaquickwalk,eatagranolabar,orlistentoafavoritesong.____19____Workwithyourfriendsoratutor.Positivepeerpressurecanbeagreatmotivator!Unlessworkingwithotherscreatesmoreofadistraction,findastudybuddyorgroupyoucancollaboratewith.____20____Ifgroupstudyingdoesn’tworkforyou,findatutorwhocanhelpyouworkthroughyourassignments.A.Breakdownyourworkintosmallerpieces.B.Setgoalstogether,andcheckinalongtheway.C.Makethingslessstressfulbystartingwithjustasmalltask.D.Tryafreshapproachtoyourstudiesifyou’resickofreadingandwriting.E.We’llteachyouhowtogetintotherightframeofmindbeforeyoustartstudying.F.Ifyou’vefinishedyourstudysession,feelfreetowinddownbyplayingavideogame.G.Ifyou’retoattendacollege,eachsmallstudymeetingwillgetyouclosertoyourdream.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.F20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何成功完成作業(yè)的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenyouhavemountainsofhomeworkandstudyingahead,gettingstartedcanseemlikeanimpossibletask.(當(dāng)你有堆積如山的作業(yè)和學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，開(kāi)始似乎是一項(xiàng)不可能完成的任務(wù))”以及后文“Readontolearnhowtostopprocrastinating(拖延)onstudying,focusevenwhenyou’retired,andgetmotivatedtodoyourschoolwork!(繼續(xù)往下讀，學(xué)習(xí)如何在學(xué)習(xí)上不再拖延，即使累了也要集中精力，并且有動(dòng)力去做功課！)”可知，后文主要介紹了如何完成作業(yè)，集中精力有動(dòng)力去做功課，故E選項(xiàng)“我們會(huì)教你如何在開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)之前進(jìn)入正確的心態(tài)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Startwithyoureasiesttasktogettheballrolling.(從你最簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)開(kāi)始)”以及后文“Whenyoureallydon’tfeellikegettingstarted,it’sbettertosetyourselfupforaquickwin.Tryworkingfromtheshortesttothemosttimeintensivetask,andworkfromeasiestprojecttothehardest.Onceyoufinishasmallsteportwo,you’llgetanawesomesenseofacplishmentthat’llmakeiteasiertokeepgoing!(當(dāng)你真的不想開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，最好讓自己做好快速獲勝的準(zhǔn)備。試著從最短的任務(wù)到最耗時(shí)的任務(wù)，從最簡(jiǎn)單的項(xiàng)目到最難的項(xiàng)目。一旦你完成了一兩小步，你就會(huì)有一種很棒的成就感，這會(huì)讓你更容易繼續(xù)前進(jìn)！)”可知，本段的建議是從最簡(jiǎn)單的任何開(kāi)始，從最短的任務(wù)到最耗時(shí)的任務(wù)，且提到了完成了一兩小步。由此可知，此處在建議把任務(wù)分成小任務(wù)去完成，并說(shuō)明這么做的原因。故C選項(xiàng)“從一個(gè)小任務(wù)開(kāi)始，減輕壓力”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。【18題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Pickafewtasksyoucanacplishinjustonesitting.Divideyourlargerstudyinggoalsintosmall,concretesteps.Identifyspecific,achievablegoalsthatyoucanworkononeatatime.Thisway,youcanmakegoodprogress,andachievingeachgoalwillmakeyoufeelacplishedattheendofyourstudysession.(挑選一些你可以一次完成的任務(wù)。把大的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)分成小的、具體的步驟。確定具體的，可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，你可以一次完成一個(gè)。這樣，你可以取得很好的進(jìn)步，實(shí)現(xiàn)每個(gè)目標(biāo)會(huì)讓你在學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)束時(shí)感到很有成就感)”可知，本段的建議是把大的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)分成小的、具體的步驟，故A選項(xiàng)“把你的工作分成更小的部分”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Rewardyourselfwhenyoupleteatask.Treatyourselftohelpyoustaymotivatedandmakestudyingfun.Ifyou’reinthemiddleofastudysession,youcantakeaquickwalk,eatagranolabar,orlistentoafavoritesong.(完成任務(wù)后獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己。善待自己，讓自己保持動(dòng)力，讓學(xué)習(xí)變得有趣。如果你正在學(xué)習(xí)，你可以散個(gè)步，吃個(gè)格蘭諾拉麥片，或者聽(tīng)一首喜歡的歌)”可知，本段建議完成任何后獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己，本句為本段最后一句，故與上文并列，都是就如何獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己進(jìn)行舉例。故F選項(xiàng)“如果你已經(jīng)完成了學(xué)習(xí)，可以打個(gè)電子游戲放松一下”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Workwithyourfriendsoratutor.Positivepeerpressurecanbeagreatmotivator!Unlessworkingwithotherscreatesmoreofadistraction,findastudybuddyorgroupyoucancollaboratewith.(和你的朋友或家庭教師一起學(xué)習(xí)。積極的同伴壓力是一個(gè)很好的動(dòng)力！除非和別人一起學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)讓你分心，否則找一個(gè)可以合作的學(xué)習(xí)伙伴或小組)”可知，本句承接上文具體說(shuō)明如何和學(xué)習(xí)伙伴或小組一起學(xué)習(xí)，故B選項(xiàng)“共同設(shè)定目標(biāo)，并在此過(guò)程中進(jìn)行檢查”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。Most13yearoldsmighthavespentthosethreeyearspreoccupiedwithschoolworkorhangingoutwithmates.Oneteenager,however,spenthisnightssleepingina____21____toraisemoneyforthehospice(安養(yǎng)院)thatlookedafterhisfriend.Now,MaxWooseyhasdecidedtogobackindoorsafterthreeyearsandhisyearslongfundraisingcampaignhas____22____morethan￡700,000incharitabledonations.“Ilovecamping,it’soneofmy____23____thingsandI’mdefinitelygoingtomissit,”hesaid.“Ithinkthehighlightwouldhavetobethesecondcampout,____24____thatyearwasthehardest.”“Thefirstyearwasquitenicebutthesecondwas____25____andtherewereworsestorms.Itwasreally____26____formebecauseallmyfriendsandfamilywerethere.”Hesaidthatalthoughthewindandrainprovedtobe____27____adversaries(對(duì)手),itwaslastsummer’sheatwavethatalmost____28____himtoreturntothefortsofhisbedroom.“____29____,itwashorrible,andwhenthere’saheatwaveyourtentturnsintoagreenhouse.Itwasabsolutelyboiling,”hesaid.Ontheprospectofsleepinginsideona____30____basisagain,hesaid:“Ithinkit’sgoingtobeweird(怪異的)thefirstfewnightsbutIthinkitistimetoeinsidenow.Therearefuture____31____thatwearehopingcanbeepossible.ItisgoingtobestrangebutI’mjustgoingtohaveto____32____it.”SpeakingtoITV’sGoodMorningBritain,hesaid:“MyfriendRickwasabsolutelyamazing.He____33____theoutdoors,heenjoyedsportsandwegotalongreallywell.TheNorthDevonhospicejusttookbrilliantcareofhimandIwantedtosaythankyouinthe____34____wayIcould.SoIstartedsleepingoutsideandItriedtoraiseasmuchmoneyasIcouldforthem.”DonationswillgotoNorthDevonhospice,whichwillmakea____35____tothepatientsandfamilies.21.A.hotel B.house C.bedroom D.tent22.A.raised B.donated C.saved D.earned23.A.efficient B.ridiculous C.dangerous D.favourite24.A.but B.because C.so D.unless25.A.easier B.stronger C.tougher D.nicer26.A.helpful B.meaningful C.terrible D.simple27.A.brilliant B.mitted C.reliable D.tricky28.A.forced B.troubled C.manded D.banned29.A.Apparently B.Certainly C.Honestly D.Equally30.A.sound B.regular C.voluntary D.occasional31.A.adventures B.journeys C.applications D.generations32.A.takeover B.passover C.getover D.engagein33.A.respected B.recalled C.annoyed D.loved34.A.biggest B.hardest C.earliest D.easiest35.A.proposal B.contribution C.difference D.donation【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.B25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.C33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述13歲少年MaxWoosey通過(guò)在野外露營(yíng)來(lái)進(jìn)行慈善籌款的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一個(gè)少年為了給照顧他朋友的臨終關(guān)懷醫(yī)院籌集善款，在帳篷里過(guò)夜。A.hotel賓館；B.house房子；C.bedroom臥室；D.tent帳篷。根據(jù)后文“Now,MaxWooseyhasdecidedtogobackindoors”以及“Ilovecamping”可知，一個(gè)少年為了給照顧他朋友的臨終關(guān)懷醫(yī)院籌集善款，在帳篷里過(guò)夜。故選D。22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在