高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)-第2-第2塊2-非謂語動(dòng)詞練習(xí)高三全冊英語試題

毛額市鵪鶉陽光實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校專題二非謂語動(dòng)詞————————————?對點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練?———————————Ⅰ.單句語法填空(高考真題改編)1.(天津卷)________(learn)tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday'schildrenwillneedforthefuture.解析：句意：學(xué)會(huì)批判性地思考，這是現(xiàn)在的孩子未來(的發(fā)展)所需要具備的一項(xiàng)重要技能。空處在主句中作主語，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式。答案：Learning2.(天津卷)Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially________(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.解析：句意：如今，大多數(shù)大學(xué)都為一年級學(xué)生開設(shè)一門專門為他們設(shè)計(jì)的課程，以幫助他們在學(xué)業(yè)和個(gè)人發(fā)展方面取得成功。acourse與design是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞形式。答案：designed3.(全國卷Ⅰ)Scientistshaverespondedby________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.解析：介詞后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)用其動(dòng)名詞形式。respondbydoingsth.意為“通過做某事回應(yīng)”。答案：noting4.(全國卷Ⅰ)Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s，andareexpensive____________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.解析：此處是“主語＋be＋adj.＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。答案：toperform5.(北京卷)EarthDay,_______(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.解析：本句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，由連系動(dòng)詞is可知，空處填非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。mark在這里是“慶祝，紀(jì)念(重要事件)”之意，是及物動(dòng)詞，EarthDay與之是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處的字面意思是“地球日在4月22日被慶?！保视眠^去分詞短語作定語。句意：地球日在4月22日舉行，是一項(xiàng)旨在提高公眾環(huán)保意識的年度事件。答案：marked6.(北京卷)Forthepast20years,Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously________(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.解析：主語I與face之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作狀語。答案：facing7.(浙江卷)Butsomestudentsdidn'twant________(wear)theuniform.解析：wanttodosth.意為“想要做某事”。答案：towear8.(全國卷Ⅱ)A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for________(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.解析：介詞for后跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要用其動(dòng)名詞形式。答案：being9.(全國卷Ⅲ)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,_______(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處與and后面的現(xiàn)在分詞meeting并列，主語we與listen之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。答案：listening10.(全國卷Ⅱ)Whenwegotacall________(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.解析：say與前面的acall之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語saying...作后置定語，修飾acall。答案：saying11.(全國卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake________(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.解析：此處是Ittakessometimetodosth.結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“花費(fèi)多長時(shí)間做某事”。答案：toget12.(全國卷Ⅱ)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans________(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.解析：此處用不定式短語作plans的后置定語，意為“她沒有退休的計(jì)劃”。答案：toretire13.(全國卷Ⅰ)Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong________(see)thebenefit.解析：句意：你不必跑得太快或花很長時(shí)間去看它的好處。不定式用作目的狀語，故填tosee。答案：tosee14.(全國卷Ⅱ)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice________(improve)waterquality.解析：句意：為了改善水質(zhì)，政府鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民種植玉米而不是大米。此處表示目的，用不定式，故填toimprove。答案：toimprove15.(全國卷Ⅲ)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.解析：avoiddoingsth.意為“避免做某事”，是固定短語。答案：looking16.(全國卷Ⅰ)Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof________(die)earlybyrunning.解析：句意：你也許喝酒、吸煙或超重，但仍然可以通過跑步減少早逝的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。此處of是介詞，其后用動(dòng)名詞，故填dying。答案：dying17.(全國卷Ⅲ)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme________(stay)andwatch.解析：allowsb.todosth.是固定短語，意為“允許某人做某事”。答案：tostay18.(天津卷)IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph________(take)．解析：句意：我需要一個(gè)新護(hù)照，因此我需要照張相片。賓語myphotograph與take為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示讓他人去做這件事，因此用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，即“havesth.done”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“讓某事被做”。答案：taken19.(天津卷)Ittookhimalongtime________(acquire)theskillsheneededtobecomeagooddancer.解析：句意：他花了很長時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)成為一名好舞者所需要的各項(xiàng)技能。在Ittakes/tooksb....todosth.句型中，It作形式主語，不定式短語作真正的主語。答案：toacquire20.(天津卷)Ididn'tmean________(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn'thelptryingit.解析：句意：我當(dāng)時(shí)什么都不想吃，但是那款冰激凌看上去太誘人了以致于我忍不住品嘗了它。meantodosth.意為“打算做某事”；meandoingsth.意為“意味著做某事”。此處意為“打算做某事”，mean后須加不定式作賓語。答案：toeat21.(北京卷)Ordinarysoap,________(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.解析：句意：普通的香皂，只要使用正確，就可以有效除菌。use與其邏輯主語為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過去分詞used。答案：used22.(北京卷)________(travel)alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.解析：句意：沿古老的絲綢之路旅行是一次有趣和有益的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)題干可知，“________alongtheoldSilkRoad”是主語部分，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式作主語。答案：Traveling23.(北京卷)DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether________(share)ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.解析：句意：過中秋節(jié)的時(shí)候，家人們通常會(huì)團(tuán)聚在一起吃飯、賞月和品嘗月餅。根據(jù)句意可知，家人們團(tuán)聚在一起的目的是吃飯、賞月和品嘗月餅，因此用不定式toshare作目的狀語。答案：toshare24.(江蘇卷)Around13，500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,________(exceed)theexpectednumberof12，000heldbymarketanalysts.解析：句意：這段時(shí)期約13500個(gè)新工作被創(chuàng)造出來，超過了市場分析者預(yù)測的12000個(gè)?？仗幨欠侵^語動(dòng)詞作狀語，與“Around13，500newjobs”是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且沒有動(dòng)作發(fā)生前后的關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。答案：exceeding25.(全國卷Ⅰ)Theyarerequired________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.解析：句意：他們被要求加工食物……。require意為“要求”，requiresb.todosth.意為“要求某人做某事”，被動(dòng)形式為sb.berequiredtodosth.，意為“某人被要求做某事”。故填toprocess。答案：toprocess26.(全國卷Ⅱ)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,________(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.解析：included后的dig，lay，build是三個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作，根據(jù)digging及building可知，lay也應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。答案：laying27.(全國卷Ⅲ)Butunlikeschoolfriends，16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term________(rest)．解析：spendtimedoingsth.意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，故填resting。答案：resting28.(江蘇卷)Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelp________(shape)youryearahead.解析：help(to)dosth.意為“幫助做某事”。答案：(to)shape29.(天津卷)Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain________(catch)．解析：句意：在整個(gè)會(huì)議期間我一直在看鐘表，因?yàn)槲乙ペs火車。根據(jù)上文判斷出，as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，sb.havesth.todo意為“某人有某事要做(在本句中todo由主語完成)”，故填tocatch。答案：tocatch30.(北京卷)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.解析：句意：國家公園有許多的野生動(dòng)物，從蝴蝶到大象種類繁多。此處wildlife和range之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語。答案：rangingⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)1.(全國卷Ⅰ)Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball._________________________________________________________________解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，cheered是謂語動(dòng)詞，say前沒有并列連詞and等，所以say只能用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式；主語與say之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。答案：say→saying2.(全國卷Ⅲ)IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore._________________________________________________________________解析：succeedindoingsth.意為“成功做某事”。答案：manage→managing3.(全國卷Ⅲ)Iwantmycafehaveaspecialthemesuchas“TangDynasty”．_________________________________________________________________解析：wantsb./sth.todosth.意為“希望某人/某物做某事”。答案：cafe后加to4.(全國卷Ⅲ)I'vehadmanydreamssinceIwasachild.Nowmydreamistoopensacafé._________________________________________________________________解析：to是不定式符號，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。toopenacafé在句中作表語。答案：opens→open5.(全國卷Ⅲ)Everyonewassilent,waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud._________________________________________________________________解析：分析句子成分，本句謂語為was，而且沒有連詞，主語與wait是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨。答案：wait→waiting6.(全國卷Ⅲ)Someofuswereconfidentandeagertakepartintheclassactivity;otherswerenervousandanxious._________________________________________________________________解析：beeagertodosth.意為“渴望做某事”，故在eager后加to。答案：eager后加to7.(全國卷Ⅰ)Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish._________________________________________________________________解析：句意：我的爺爺說去年夏天他們通過賣魚掙了一大筆錢。此處介詞by后用動(dòng)名詞，故用selling。答案：sell→selling8.(全國卷Ⅱ)Whensummercomes,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthevegetables!_______________