Unit6Whenwasitinvented？知識(shí)梳理人教版英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)全冊(cè)

Unit6Whenwasitinvented?短語(yǔ)歸納____________________ 2.偶然；意外地 ________________________________________ 4.想出，想起，考慮_______________考慮____________________ 考慮 ____________________5.落入；陷入____________________ _________________________________ 8.……的本質(zhì) ___________________________________（反：多于_______________) 10.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；舉行___________11.……的普及____________________ 12.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)；的確_____________________________________ 14.把……翻譯成……_________________15.突然；猛地___________________ 16.從事；致力于___________________17.錯(cuò)誤地；無(wú)意中______________ 18.想出，提出__________________________________ 20.把……分成……________________________________________ 22.阻止……做……____________________23.夢(mèng)想；向往___________________ 24.不但……而且……__________________25.……的數(shù)量____________________ 大量的…… ____________________26.欽佩；仰慕___________________ ______________________________________ ____________________30.與……類(lèi)似____________________SectionA1.changingthestyleoftheshoes改變鞋的樣式style〔名詞〕樣式；款式thestyleof...……的樣式 outofstyle過(guò)時(shí) instyle流行，時(shí)髦Thestyleoftheblouseismymother'sfavorite.2.—Canyouhelpmethinkofaninvention?你能幫我想個(gè)發(fā)明嗎？—Withpleasure!樂(lè)意效勞！1)Canyoudo...?你能做……嗎？此句型表示客氣地請(qǐng)求某人做某事，其肯定回答一般為“Sure,I'dlove/liketo./Withpleasure.”。否定回答中常用"Sorry."代替"No."，以示禮貌，即"Sorry,Ican't..."或"I'msorry,but..."—Can/Couldyougototheinternationalsciencefairwithme?—Sure,I'dloveto./Sorry,Ican't.Ihavetodomyhomework.注意此句型中can可以用could替換。用could比用can語(yǔ)氣更委婉，顯得更有禮貌，而can較口語(yǔ)化。練習(xí)—Canyougototheconcertwithme,Dad?—__________.A.You'rewele B.Whatapity C.Sure,I'dloveto2)Withpleasure!樂(lè)意效勞！常用于表示樂(lè)于接受或同意某事。問(wèn)句通常是“Can/Couldyoupleasedo...?（請(qǐng)你做……好嗎？)"—Couldyoupleasepassmethescissors?—Withpleasure.拓展"Mypleasure."常用作對(duì)別人向自己表示感謝時(shí)的禮貌回答，相當(dāng)于"It'sapleasure./Apleasure./It'smypleasure."?！猅hanksforyourhelp.—Mypleasure.3)pleasure①〔不可數(shù)名詞〕高興；愉快Itgivesmemuchpleasuretobewithyou.②〔可數(shù)名詞〕快樂(lè)的事It'sapleasuretomeetyou.助記練習(xí)Hisbeautifulmusichasbrought__________topeopleallovertheworld.A.difficulty B.pleasure C.weather D.danger3.Isitreallysuchagreatinvention?它真是如此了不起的一項(xiàng)發(fā)明嗎？1)such(+a/an)+adj.+n.如此……的（一個(gè)）……Shanghaiissuchalivelycity.2）辨析：such與sosuch后接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)①such(a/an)+adj.+n.②some/any/no...+such+n.so后接形容詞或副詞①so+adj./adv.或so+adj.+a/an+n.②somany/much/few/little（少的）+n.Hehadsuchagreatinfluenceonhisstudents.Ihaveneverseensuchchopsticksbefore.Mr.Wangissohumorousaman.Therearesomanyleavesontheground.注意含有“so+adj.+a/an+n.”的句子，可與含有“such+a/an+adj.+n.”的句子進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。Ihaveneverreadsointerestingabook.=Ihaveneverreadsuchaninterestingbook.助記such與so的用法名前such形副so，多多少少也用so。little很特殊，“小”用such,"少"用so。4.Thinkabouthowoftenit'susedinourdailylives.想想它在我們的日常生活中多么頻繁地被使用吧。daily①〔形容詞〕每日的；日常的 僅用于名詞前作定語(yǔ)，與everyday同義。Whatisyourdaily/everydaywork?②〔名詞〕日?qǐng)?bào)People'sDaily《人民日?qǐng)?bào)》 ChinaDaily《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》③〔副詞〕每日，天天 與everyday同義。Thezooisopendaily/everyday.5.Well,youdoseemtohaveapoint...嗯，看來(lái)你說(shuō)的確實(shí)有道理……h(huán)aveapoint有道理常用于口語(yǔ)中，表示贊同別人的觀點(diǎn)或看法。Youhaveapoint.(=Yourideaisright.)練習(xí)根據(jù)所給中文完成句子翻譯。媽媽說(shuō)的話總是有道理。Mom'swordsalways____________________.6.Thepioneersofdifferentinventionswerelistedthere.那里列舉了不同發(fā)明的創(chuàng)始者。list①〔及物動(dòng)詞〕列表；列清單Welistedourtenfavoritesongs.②〔可數(shù)名詞〕名單；清單ashoppinglist一份購(gòu)物清單 alistof一份……的名單/清單makealistof...列一份……的清單Pleasemakealistofallthethingsyouhavetodo.7.Forexample,itmentionedthatthezipperwasinventedbyWhitbJudsonin1893.例如，它提到拉鏈?zhǔn)怯苫萏乜颇贰べZ德森在1893年發(fā)明的。mention〔及物動(dòng)詞〕提到；說(shuō)到其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞ing形式或that從句作賓語(yǔ)。mention...tosb.向某人提起……AndImentionedtheimportanceofcreatingasafetynetforthem.Nobodymentionedgoingouttohelphim.Hementionedthathehadsomeproblems,buthedidn'texplain.拓展“Don'tmentionit."意為“不客氣；不用謝"，常用作對(duì)他人向自己致謝時(shí)的答語(yǔ)?！猅hanksalot.—Don'tmentionit.8.Howteawasinventedbyaccident茶是怎樣被偶然發(fā)明的1)byaccident偶然；意外地 同義短語(yǔ)為bychanceImetherbyaccidentinacrowdedbus.OurmeetinginPariswasbyaccident.注意 byaccident主要用作狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)也用作表語(yǔ)。2)accident〔名詞〕事故；意外事件其形容詞形式accidental，意為“意外的；偶然的"。Anaccidenthappenedtohimonhiswaytowork.Idon'tthinkourmeetingwasaccidental.9.ItissaidthataChineserulercalledShenNongwasthefirsttodiscoverteaasadrink.據(jù)說(shuō)一位號(hào)稱(chēng)神農(nóng)的中國(guó)統(tǒng)治者最早發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶可以飲用。1)Itissaidthat.據(jù)說(shuō)……；有人說(shuō)……相當(dāng)于"Peoplesaythat."。其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句作真正的主語(yǔ)。Itissaidthattheimportantmaterialisusedformakingrockets.拓展類(lèi)似的句型還有Itisbelievedthat...(=Peoplebelievethat...）人們認(rèn)為……Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報(bào)道……Itisknownthat...眾所周知……Itissupposedthat...據(jù)猜測(cè)……2)ruler〔可數(shù)名詞〕①統(tǒng)治者；支配者TherulercalledTomruledthecountryatthattime.②直尺CanIuseyourruler?3)thefirsttodosth.第一個(gè)做某事的人/物其中動(dòng)詞不定式todosth.作后置定語(yǔ)DoyouknowwhowasthefirsttodiscoverAmerica?10.Someleavesfromateaplantfellintothewaterandremainedthereforsometime.一些葉子從茶樹(shù)上落入這水里并在里面停留了一段時(shí)間。1)fallinto落入；陷入Hefellintotheriversuddenly.拓展與fall相關(guān)的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)：fallbehind落后 falldown摔倒falloff（從……上）掉下 fallasleep入睡2)remain①〔連系動(dòng)詞〕保持不變；仍然是 后接形容詞、名詞、分詞作表語(yǔ)。Sheremainssilentmostofthetime.Sheremainedsittingwhentheycamein.②〔不及物動(dòng)詞〕剩余Verylittleofthehouseremainedafterthefire.③〔不及物動(dòng)詞〕停留；逗留 相當(dāng)于stay:Sheleft,butIremainedbehind.Sheremainedinherofficealltheafternoon.3）辨析：sometime,sometimes,sometimes與sometimesometime名詞短語(yǔ)一段時(shí)間常與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，對(duì)它提問(wèn)用howlongsometimes頻度副詞有時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率，多與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，它可位于句首、句中或句末，對(duì)它提問(wèn)用howoftensometimes名詞短語(yǔ)幾次；幾倍time是可數(shù)名詞，意為“次，倍”，對(duì)它提問(wèn)用howmanytimessometime副詞某時(shí)表示某個(gè)不確切或不具體的時(shí)間，常用于過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，對(duì)它提問(wèn)用whenWeneedsometimetothinkabouttheproject.Ourbosssometimesattendsthejobinterviewinperson.LucyhasbeentoBeijingsometimes.HewillvisitGermanysometimenextmonth.助記sometime,sometime,sometimes與sometimes的用法分開(kāi)“一段時(shí)間”(sometime),相聚“某個(gè)時(shí)候”(sometime);“幾次”分開(kāi)帶s(sometimes),“有時(shí)”相聚帶s(sometimes)。11.Itproducedanicesmellsohetastedthebrownwater.它散發(fā)出一種香味，所以他嘗了嘗這種褐色的水。1)smell①〔名詞〕氣味Itgivesoffanicesmell.②〔連系動(dòng)詞〕(smelled,smelled;smelt,smelt)發(fā)出……氣味其后常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。Thesoupsmellssour.③〔及物動(dòng)詞〕(smelled,smelled;smelt,smelt)聞；聞到Doyousmellsomethingburning?練習(xí)Momiscookingchickensoup;it__________so.good.A.soundsB.tastesC.smells2)taste①〔及物動(dòng)詞〕品嘗Let'stastethesoup.②〔名詞〕味道；品味Thefoodhasdifferenttastes.③〔連系動(dòng)詞〕有……的味道 其后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。Theseorangestastenice.練習(xí)根據(jù)句子意思及所給的首字母提示完成單詞。Thedishdoesn'tlooknice,butitt__________verydelicious.12....oneoftheworld'sfavoritedrinkswasinvented.…世界上最受歡迎的飲品之一被發(fā)明了。oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞賓格形式 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Oneofthemwasinvitedtothecelebration.拓展“oneof+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“最……的……之一”。Heisoneofthebeststudentsinourclass.練習(xí)Protectingourselvesisoneof__________thingswemustdo.A.important B.moreimportantC.mostimportant D.themostimportant13.Afewthousandyearslater,LuYu,“thesaintoftea",mentionedShenNonginhisbookChaJing.數(shù)千年后，“茶圣”陸羽在他的《茶經(jīng)》一書(shū)中提到了神農(nóng)。thousand①〔數(shù)詞〕千當(dāng)表示確切數(shù)目時(shí)用“基數(shù)詞+thousand”；如果thousand前為表示不確切數(shù)目的詞，如afew,some,several等，thousand后也不加s。Severalthousandinventionsarelistedonthewebsite.②thousandsof 數(shù)以千計(jì)的；成千上萬(wàn)的 表示概數(shù)，這時(shí)thousand后加s，且后面有介詞of,此時(shí)不能與數(shù)詞連用。Thousandsofpetitorsjoinedinthepetition.拓展與thousand用法類(lèi)似的詞還有hundred“百”,million“百萬(wàn)”,billion“十億”等。練習(xí)—Chinaisagreatcountrywithahistoryofaboutfive__________years.—Yes.And__________offoreignersetovisititeveryyear.A.thousand;thousandB.thousands;thousandsC.thousand;thousands D.thousands;thousand14.InEngland,teadidn'tappearuntilaround1660,butinlessthan100years,ithadbeethenationaldrink.在英國(guó)，直到大約1660年茶才出現(xiàn)，但是在不到100年的時(shí)間里，它成了全國(guó)性的飲品。1)lessthan少于 反義短語(yǔ)為morethan，意為"多于"。HeremainedinShanghaiforlessthanaweek.2)national〔形容詞〕國(guó)家的；民族的Weareproudofournationaldevelopment.15.TheteatradefromChinatoWesterncountriestookplaceinthe19thcentury.從中國(guó)到西方國(guó)家的茶葉貿(mào)易出現(xiàn)在19世紀(jì)。1)trade①〔名詞〕貿(mào)易；交易tradebetween...……之間的貿(mào)易/交易tradein...……方面的貿(mào)易Tradebetweenthetwocountrieshasincreased.②〔動(dòng)詞〕做買(mǎi)賣(mài)；從事貿(mào)易tradeinsth.(withsb.)（和某人）在某方面做生意Thepanytradesinsilk,teaandotheritems.2）辨析：takeplace與happentakeplace發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；舉行一般指有計(jì)劃、有預(yù)謀地“發(fā)生”happen發(fā)生；碰巧一般用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件注意takeplace和happen都不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)TheMayFourthMovementtookplacein1919.ThecelebrationceremonytakesplaceinJulyeveryyear.Howdidtheaccidenthappen?3)inthe19thcentury在19世紀(jì)其中century為名詞，意為"世紀(jì)；百年"。Ithinkadvertisingwashighlydevelopedinthetwentiethcentury.注意①“在某世紀(jì)”要用介詞in。②在“第幾世紀(jì)”中必須用序數(shù)詞，而且應(yīng)在序數(shù)詞前加定冠詞the。③表達(dá)“……世紀(jì)……年代”要在整十年份后加s或's，且在前面加定冠詞the。the1870s意為“19世紀(jì)70年代”，讀作theeighteenseventies。16.Thishelpedtospreadthepopularityofteaandtheteaplanttomoreplacesaroundtheworld.這幫助了茶和茶樹(shù)普及到世界上更多的地方。popularity〔名詞〕受歡迎；普及thepopularityof...……的普及ThepopularityoftheInternethasrisen.拓展popularity的形容詞形式為popular，意為“受歡迎的；普遍的”Heisapopularfolksinger.17.Eventhoughmanypeoplenowknowaboutteaculture,theChinesearewithoutdoubttheoneswhobestunderstandthenatureoftea.盡管現(xiàn)在很多人了解茶文化，但是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)中國(guó)人才是最懂茶的本質(zhì)的人。1)doubt①〔名詞〕疑惑；疑問(wèn)withoutdoubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)；的確 nodoubt無(wú)疑；確實(shí)地doubtabout...關(guān)于……的疑惑Asuddendoubtcametomymind.Englishiswithoutdoubtthemostwidelyusedintheworld.②〔動(dòng)詞〕懷疑后可接名詞、代詞或if/whether/that從句等作賓語(yǔ)HedoubtedthatJimhadstolenhismobilephone.練習(xí)句子翻譯毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，中國(guó)現(xiàn)在更加擅長(zhǎng)制造高科技產(chǎn)品。___________，Chinaismuchbetteratmakinghightechnologyproductsnow.2）辨析：one,it與thatone泛指前文提到的那類(lèi)人或物中的一個(gè)，即同類(lèi)不同物復(fù)數(shù)形式為onesit指代前文提到過(guò)的那個(gè)人或物，即同類(lèi)同物復(fù)數(shù)形式為they或themthat特指前文提到的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，常用在比較的句子中復(fù)數(shù)形式為thoseIsearchedeverywhereformypen,butIdidn'tfindit,soIboughtanewone.TheweatherinBeijingisdifferentfromthatinGuangzhou.練習(xí)Molly,mydictionaryisnothere.Doyouhave___________?A.itB.thatC.one18.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice.他們以低價(jià)出售了冰箱。1)atalowprice以低價(jià)at為介詞，后接某一具體價(jià)格或price，表示“以……的價(jià)格”。Iboughtasilverringatalowprice.Wesellblousesmadeofcottonat10dollars.注意表示價(jià)格的高/低用high/low，不用expensive/cheap。商品作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，才能用expensive/cheap2)low〔形容詞〕①低的；矮的其反義詞是high（高的）。low常表示山、墻等矮，云朵、聲音、氣溫等低，還表示價(jià)格、水平等低。表示人矮常用short。Thesunislowintheskynow.②不高興的；情緒低落的 此時(shí)不在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。She'sstillfeelingprettylowaboutfailingthatexam.19.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.有人從我的旅館房間里偷了我的照相機(jī)。somebody①〔不定代詞〕某人相當(dāng)于someone,通常用于肯定句中；在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中通常用anybody（相當(dāng)于anyone)。somebody/anybody作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。Listen!Somebody(=Someone)issingingintheroom.Hasanybodyreadthebook?②〔名詞〕重要人物Shemustbesomebody.練習(xí)—Whoisatthedoor?—Adeliveryman（快遞員）or___________wantingtosellhisnewproducts.A.everybody B.anybody C.somebody D.nobody20.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.不同的作家把這本書(shū)翻譯成了不同的語(yǔ)言。translate〔動(dòng)詞〕翻譯o...把……翻譯成……Thesepoemsaredifficulttotranslate.Theytranslatedhisbookintoseverallanguages.拓展translator〔名詞〕翻譯家；譯者 translation〔名詞〕翻譯21.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagerswerebroughttoasafeplace.地震突然發(fā)生了，但是幸運(yùn)的是村民們被帶到了一個(gè)安全的地方。allofasudden突然；猛地 相當(dāng)于suddenly，可放在句首或句末。Allofasudden,thelightswentout.Theboybegancryingallofasudden.22.Thedoorwaslockedwhenwearrivedsowerangthebell.當(dāng)我們到的時(shí)候門(mén)鎖著，所以我們按響了門(mén)鈴。1)lock①〔動(dòng)詞〕鎖上；鎖住Don'tforgettolockthedoorbeforeyouleave.②〔可數(shù)名詞〕鎖Thisisthekeytothelock.2)ring①〔動(dòng)詞〕(rang,rung)（使）發(fā)出鐘聲或鈴聲Pleaseringthebellbeforeyouenterthehouse.②〔動(dòng)詞〕(rang,rung)打ringsb.up給某人打I'llringyouupwhenIfindtheinformationyouneed.③〔可數(shù)名詞〕戒指Myringismadeofsilver.23.In1875,Mr.Belllearned/learnt(learn)howtosendmusicalnotesthroughaninstrumentsimilartoatelephone.在1875年，貝爾先生學(xué)會(huì)了如何用一種類(lèi)似于的器械發(fā)送樂(lè)符。musical〔形容詞〕音樂(lè)的；有音樂(lè)天賦的當(dāng)表示“音樂(lè)的”時(shí)只能在名詞前作定語(yǔ)；當(dāng)表示“有音樂(lè)天賦的”時(shí)可作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。Tomhasmusicalability.She'sverymusical.助記musicaladj.音樂(lè)的，有音樂(lè)天賦的SectionB1.salty咸的salty〔形容詞〕咸的 常在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。Thedishtastesabitsalty.Don'teattoomuchsaltyfood.It'sbadforhealth.拓展英語(yǔ)中，有些名詞后加y可構(gòu)成與名詞意義相關(guān)的形容詞。wind（風(fēng)）+y—windy（有風(fēng)的，多風(fēng)的）cloud（云）+y—cloudy（多云的）hair（毛發(fā)，頭發(fā)）+y—hairy（多毛的）考點(diǎn)向?qū)СＴ凇坝盟o單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空”題中考查salt的形容詞形式salty。2.Potatochipswereinventedbymistake.炸薯片是無(wú)意中被發(fā)明的。bymistake〔介詞短語(yǔ)〕錯(cuò)誤地；無(wú)意中 通常在句中作狀語(yǔ)。Itookyourpenbymistake.考點(diǎn)向?qū)СＴ凇皢雾?xiàng)填空”題和“根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成英語(yǔ)句子”題中考查bymistake的意思。3.Thecustomerwashappyintheend.最后顧客高興了。intheend最后；最終其后不接of短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于atlast或finally。此短語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)許多變化莫測(cè)的情況之后某事才發(fā)生。Theywereoutofdangerintheend.拓展①attheendof+地點(diǎn)名詞在……盡頭attheendof+時(shí)間名詞在……結(jié)束時(shí)attheendofthestreetattheendofthisweek②bytheendof...在……底以前；到……末為止常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。Wewillpletetheprojectbytheendofthismonth.4.Basketballisamuchlovedandactivesportthatisenjoyedbymanyforfunandexercise.籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)是一項(xiàng)備受喜愛(ài)而且充滿(mǎn)活力的運(yùn)動(dòng)，很多人為了娛樂(lè)和鍛煉而喜歡它。muchloved深受喜愛(ài)的該詞是由“副詞+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，在句中常作定語(yǔ)。類(lèi)似的詞還有：wellknown著名的 newlyinvented新發(fā)明的highlydeveloped高度發(fā)達(dá)的Hermuchlovedyoungerbrotherwillbebacktomorrow.5.Itisover100yearsoldandisplayedbymorethan100millionpeopleinover200countries.籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)有100多年的歷史了，有200多個(gè)國(guó)家（和地區(qū)）的一億多人打籃球。over〔介詞〕①多于；超過(guò) 相當(dāng)于morethan,用來(lái)說(shuō)明數(shù)目和程度Hehastranslatedover/morethan10booksinthelastfiveyears.②在……上方Thesignoverthedoorsaid"Mindyourhead."③從（某物的）一邊到另一邊Thereisastonebridgeovertheriver.④遍及Hetravelledallovertheworld.⑤通過(guò) Ioftenlistentothenewsovertheradio.6.BasketballwasinventedbyaCanadiandoctornamedJamesNaismith,whowasbornin1861.籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)是加拿大的一位名叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的博士發(fā)明的，他出生于1861年。1)Canadian①〔形容詞〕加拿大的；加拿大人的ThatmanisaCanadianteacher.②〔可數(shù)名詞〕加拿大人 復(fù)數(shù)形式為Canadians。TwoCanadiansaretakingphotosinthepark.拓展有些表示“國(guó)家”的詞，其后加n可構(gòu)成表示該國(guó)人的詞。如：Australia（澳大利亞）→Australian（澳大利亞人）America（美國(guó)）→American（美國(guó)人）2)who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句whowasbornin1861是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，省去后不影響主句的意思，并且常用逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)，翻譯時(shí)常譯成并列的分句。WealllikeBobverymuch,whoisalivelyboy.7.Dr.Naismithcreatedagametobeplayedinsideonahardfloor.奈史密斯博士創(chuàng)造了一種在室內(nèi)的硬地板上玩的游戲。動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式作后置定語(yǔ)tobeplayed是動(dòng)詞不定式toplay的被動(dòng)形式；tobeplayed作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾agame,其中agame是play動(dòng)作的承受者，兩者是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Areyougoingtothemeetingtobeheldthisafternoon?8.Dr.Naismithdividedthemeninhisclassintotwoteamsandtaughtthemtoplayhisnewgame.奈史密斯博士把他班里的男生分成兩隊(duì)，并教他們玩他的新游戲。1)o把……分成…… 被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為bedividedinto，意為“被分為……”。AncientChinesedividedayearinto24partsaccordingtothechangesoftheweather.2)divide〔動(dòng)詞〕分開(kāi)；分散 指把整體分成若干部分。Hedividedthecakeamongthechildren.3)teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事Hisfathertaughthimtoplaymusicalinstruments.拓展teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.教某人某事HeteachesusEnglish.=HeteachesEnglishtous.練習(xí)Theteacherwithcurlyhairteachesus___________theguitar.A.toplayB.playC.playing9.Atthesametime,theyneedtostopthepetingteamfromgettingtheballintotheirownbasket.同時(shí)，他們需要阻止對(duì)方把球投到他們自己的籃筐里。1)atthesametime同時(shí)其中same為形容詞，意為“相同的”，使用時(shí)前面一般要加定冠詞the。Thewebsiteevenstoppedworkingforawhilebecausetoomanypeoplevisiteditatthesametime.Youshouldavoidmakingthesamemistakes.2)stop...fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事同義短語(yǔ)為prevent/keep...fromdoingsth.。Theguardstoppedthestrangerfromgettingintothehall.注意在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中stop...fromdoingsth.里的from可以省略，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不能省略。Theforestcanstopthewater(from)washingtheearthaway.練習(xí)Remembertousesunglassestostopthesunfrom___________directlyinyoureyes.A.shine B.shining C.toshine10.Today,thepopularityofbasketballhasrisenaroundtheworld,withmanyyoungpeopledreamingofbeingfamousplayers.如今，籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)在世界各地越來(lái)越受歡迎，許多年輕人都?jí)粝氤蔀橹模ɑ@球）運(yùn)動(dòng)員。dreamof/aboutdoingsth.夢(mèng)想做某事Idreamof/abouttravellingtoFrance.拓展①dream〔動(dòng)詞〕夢(mèng)想；希望；夢(mèng)見(jiàn)Shedreamedthatonedayshewouldbefamous.Idreamedaboutyoulastnight.②dream〔名詞〕夢(mèng)；夢(mèng)想Ihadaterribledreamlastnight.Nothingcanstopusfromrealizingourdreams.11.Manyyoungpeoplelookuptothesebasketballheroesandwanttobeelikethem.許多年輕人欽佩這些籃球英雄，并且想成為像他們一樣的人。1)lookupto①欽佩；仰慕 其中to為介詞，其后可接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。Theylookuptohimforhisknowledge.②仰起頭看……Thegirlissoshortthatshehastolookuptohereldersister.練習(xí)根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)和提示詞完成英語(yǔ)句子。許多青少年欽佩像袁隆平那樣的科學(xué)家，希望成為像他們一樣的人。(look)Manyteenagers___________thescientistslikeYuanLongpingandhopetobelikethem.2)hero〔可數(shù)名詞〕英雄；男主角 復(fù)數(shù)形式為heroesCanyoulistanyofthenationalheroesinhistory?MrWangistheheroofthefilm.助記初中階段常見(jiàn)的以o結(jié)尾、復(fù)數(shù)形式加es的單詞有：tomato（西紅柿）,potato（土豆）,hero（英雄，男主角）。可用一句話記住它們：英雄愛(ài)吃西紅柿和土豆，真有意思（es)。練習(xí)根據(jù)首字母及漢語(yǔ)提示，完成單詞的拼寫(xiě)。Everyonecanbeah__________（英雄）inrealisingtheChineseDream.12.Thesestarsencourageyoungpeopletoworkhardtoachievetheirdreams.這些明星激勵(lì)著年輕人為實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的夢(mèng)想而努力學(xué)習(xí)。1)encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事Theheroesencourageusyoungpeopletoworkhardforourcountry.拓展encouragesb.insth.在……方面助長(zhǎng)某人的某種行為/鼓勵(lì)某人Don'tencouragehiminlaziness.練習(xí)Myteacherencouragedme__________Englishasmuchaspossible.A.speaking B.speak C.tospeak2)achieveone'sdream實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想 achieve此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“實(shí)現(xiàn)；（尤指經(jīng)過(guò)努力）取得；達(dá)到”，其名詞形式為achievement（成就，成績(jī)）。Iamsurehewillachievehisdreamintheend.Shefinallyachievedsuccess.Hehasmadeagreatachievement.3）辨析：achieve與etrue兩者都有“實(shí)現(xiàn)”之意，但用法不同。achieve其主語(yǔ)通常是人，其賓語(yǔ)為夢(mèng)想、愿望、目標(biāo)等Sheachievedherdream.她實(shí)現(xiàn)了她的夢(mèng)想。etrue其主語(yǔ)通常是夢(mèng)想等，不能跟賓語(yǔ)Herdreamcametrue.她的夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。13.WhataretheprofessionalbasketballgroupsinAmericaandChina?在美國(guó)和中國(guó)，職業(yè)籃球（比賽）團(tuán)體分別叫什么？professional〔形容詞〕職業(yè)的；專(zhuān)業(yè)的 通常用作定語(yǔ)。Hewantstobeaprofessionalbasketballplayer.14.Thisisbecausesometimesafewpeoplemayinventthingswhicharenearlythesame.這是因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)一些人可能發(fā)明的東西幾乎是一樣的。辨析：nearly與almost兩者均有“幾乎；差不多”之意，有時(shí)可通用，具體區(qū)別如下表：nearly可以和not連用，notnearly意為“遠(yuǎn)非，絕不是”;nearly前可用very,pretty等詞修飾almost表示的接近程度比nearly大almost可以和no,never,nothing等表示否定意義的詞連用，但不與not連用We'vesavedsomemoney,butit'snotnearlyenough.Ialmostneverseeher.基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)詞形變化e(v.使高興；使愉快）去e,+ure（名詞后綴）→pleasure(n.高興；愉快）y(n.天；日）y變i,+ly（形容詞后綴）→daily(adj.每日的；日常的）(n.事故；意外遭遇）+al（形容詞后綴）→accidental(adj.意外的；偶然的））+(e)r（名詞后綴）→ruler(n.統(tǒng)治者；支配者）(n.國(guó)家；民族）+al（形容詞后綴）→national(adj.國(guó)家的；民族的）（在……之間））→international）(v.做買(mǎi)賣(mài)；從事貿(mào)易）+(e)r（名詞后綴）→trader））+ity（名詞后綴）→popularity(n.受歡迎；普及）ing[v.（使）發(fā)出鐘聲或鈴聲；打]→rang（過(guò)去式）→rung（過(guò)去分詞）（的）]+ly（副詞后綴）→suddenly））+al（形容詞后綴）→musical(adj.音樂(lè)的；有音樂(lè)天賦的））+y（形容詞后綴）→salty(adj咸的）a）a變ian（形容詞或名詞后綴）→Canadian）(n.英雄；男主角）+es→heroes（復(fù)數(shù)）15.profession(n.職業(yè)，專(zhuān)業(yè)）+al（形容詞后綴）→professional(adj.職業(yè)的；專(zhuān)業(yè)的）短語(yǔ)歸納1.haveapoint有道理 2.byaccident=bychance偶然；意外地3.maketea泡茶 of想出，想起，考慮thinkabout考慮 thinkover考慮5.fallinto落入；陷入 6.inourdailylife在我們的日常生活中7.aroundtheworld=allovertheworld全世界 8.thenatureof...……的本質(zhì)9.lessthan少于（反：morethan多于） 10.takeplace發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；舉行11.thepopularityof...……的普及 12.withoutdoubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)；的確13.atalowprice以低價(jià) 14.o...把……翻譯成……15.allofasudden突然；猛地 16.workon從事；致力于17.bymistake錯(cuò)誤地；無(wú)意中 18eupwith想出，提出19.theOlympics奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) 20.o...把……分成……21.atthesametime同時(shí) 22.stop/prevent/keep...fromdoing...阻止……做……23.dreamof/about夢(mèng)想；向往 24.notonly...butalso...不但……而且……25thenumberof...……的數(shù)量 anumberof...大量的……26.lookupto欽佩；仰慕 27.achieveone'sdream實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想28.takenotes記筆記 29.leadto導(dǎo)致30.(be)similarto...與……類(lèi)似用法集萃1.sucha/an+adj.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞如此……的一個(gè)……2.ask/teach/encoura