英美概況英文課件英國宗教

Chapter

4ReligionPart

OneBritish

ReligionLearning

FocusThe

Church

of

EnglandPuritanismReligious

“Roller

Coaster”British

Literature

and

the

BibleReligion

and

EducationReligions

and

ValuesIntroduction

to

British

and

American

Culture?

在英國，每個(gè)人都享有宗教自由，因此，在英國各中心地區(qū)也形成了多種不同的宗教信

仰蓬勃發(fā)展的局面。英國有兩個(gè)“官方的”教堂：即英格蘭教堂［英國圣公教會(huì)］和蘇格蘭教堂［長老教派］，除此之外，各種不同的宗教和數(shù)不勝數(shù)的教派在英國都可以找到自己的代表。絕大多數(shù)的英國人都信奉基督教，盡管當(dāng)前去教堂做禮拜的信徒人數(shù)并不多，每周大約只有110萬人。穆斯林是英國國內(nèi)最大的非基督教團(tuán)體［超過150萬人］，此外，佛教、印度教、錫克教和猶太教也擁有大量的信徒，而且數(shù)量還在不斷增長。?

悠遠(yuǎn)而多元化的宗教歷史在英國的另一個(gè)產(chǎn)物就是遍布英國各地令人嘆為觀止的教堂、寺

院和修道院建筑。格拉斯敦伯雷修道院，是以往凱爾特舉行宗教活動(dòng)的地方，曾經(jīng)在亞瑟王的傳奇故事中扮演過重要的角色；坎特伯雷大教堂的戲劇色彩也非常濃厚，相傳圣奧古斯汀于公元

597年從羅馬來到英國傳福音，五年之后，他主持修建了坎特伯雷大教堂。有很多個(gè)性鮮明的歷史人物都脫胎于英國的宗教歷史，其中包括在英國發(fā)動(dòng)新教改革的亨利八世、充滿神秘色彩的圣帕特里克，現(xiàn)在每年世界各地都慶祝他的節(jié)日；以及大名鼎鼎的羅賓漢傳奇故事中十二世紀(jì)時(shí)的獅心王里察德等等?；阶诮碳s占71.6%總?cè)丝?。伊斯蘭教：約占2.7%總?cè)丝?。印度教：約占1%總?cè)丝?。其?約占1.4%總?cè)丝凇２幻?沒有宗教人士約占23.1%總?cè)丝诮陙砘浇绦磐皆谟邢禄厔?shì)。Before

You

ReadWarm-upWhat

is

the

state

church

in

the

U.K.?When

do

people

normally

go

to

church?Was

Shakespeare

influenced

by

the

Bible?Is

Oxford

a

religious

university?Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureReligious

FreedomIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Protestant

ChurchChristianityIslamThe

Catholic

ChurchHinduismBuddhismThe

Church

of

EnglandBritish

State

ChurchThe

Church

of

EnglandPositionThe

most

important

denomination

in

theU.K.

;

the

established

church

of

the

U.K..Head

of

the

churchQueen

Elizabeth

IISpiritual

leaderThe

Archbishop

of

CanterburyPolitical

functionMany

senior

church

officials

also

sit

in

thHouse

of

LordsArchbishop

ofCanterburyIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureTime

of

establishment16th

Century

in

the

ReformationFeatureBoth

Catholic

and

ProtestantRoleMany

members

are

involved

in

a

widerange

of

public

bodies.

It

has

the

mostfollowers

of

any

denomination

in

Britaintoday.More

than

16,000

churches42

cathedralsChrist

Church,

Dore,Sheffield,

EnglandThe

Church

of

EnglandIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Roman

Catholic

ChurchDry

A..How

did

it

come

to

the

U.K.?The

Roman

Empire

left

it

in

the

5th

centuafter

the

conquest

in

the

British

Isles

What

is

the

landmark

of

its

establishment?The

first

church

built

in

Canterbury

in

597.When

did

it

reach

its

height?In

the

Middle

Ages.Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Roman

Catholic

Church

How

many

catholic

people

are

there

in

the

U.K.?About

6

million

people.

How

many

catholic

provinces

are

there

in

theU.K.?Eight

Catholic

provinces.

Where

is

the

central

placeof

worship?Westminster

Cathedralin

London.Interior

of

Westminster

CathedralIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Protestant

Churchand

PuritanismThe

ReformationMartin

Luther

led

thebreakaway

from

the

RomanCatholic

Church

in

1517.

Theycalled

themselves“Protestants”

because

theywere

protesting

against

theteachings

and

customs

of

theRoman

Catholic

Church.Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Protestant

Churchand

PuritanismIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureTudor

Religious

“Roller

Coaster”Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureTudor

Religious

“RollerCoaster”Monarch

Henry

Edwards

VIII

VIMary

IThe

RomanCatholicChurchLanguages

of

theBibleEnglishEnglishEnglish

&LatinLanguages

of

theservicesLatinLatinEnglish

&LatinMarriage

ofpriestsNoYesYesTheProtestantReligionsChurch

ofEnglandTheProtestantChurchElizabeth

ITheChurch

ofEnglandLatinEnglishNoIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureWorshipDefinition:Worship

is

a

form

of

Christian

service

that

people

attend

ichurches.Services:Prayers,

singing,

Bible

reading,

a

sermon????Time:

on

SundaysPlaces:

abbeys,

chapels,

churchesOccasions:

new

births,

marriages,

deathsCeremonies:

baptisms,

weddings,

funeralsIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureBritish

Literatureand

the

Bible

Famous

British

writers

havebeen

influenced

by

the

Bible:Old

Testament

and

the

NewTestamentShakespeareThe

Merchant

of

VeniceKing

LearSonnetsJohn

MiltonParadise

LostParadise

RegainedIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureChristian

ArchitectureIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureReligion

and

British

EducationOne

of

the

purposes

of

setting

up

a

university

in

theold

times

was

to

serve

the

church.Oxford

University:In

the

12th

century,

an

educational

center

of

thechurches.Until

1870,

only

Anglicans

were

admitted.Nowadays,6

religious

permanent

private

halls;Many

Colleges

have

Christian

names,

such

asChrist

Church,

Jesus

College

and

Trinity

College.Most

of

the

colleges

have

their

own

chapels

andchurches.Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureReligion

and

British

EducationThe

Church

of

England

schools:Students:

around

one

millionState

schools:

4,660Quality:

70%

positiveIntroduction

to

British

and

American