中考閱讀理解滿(mǎn)分講解如何做主旨大意題

中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解滿(mǎn)分突破ZhangXuejiao英語(yǔ)教育專(zhuān)業(yè)碩士FULLSCORESTRATEGYOFREADING

COMPREHENSIONFORSENIORHIGHSCHOOLENTRANCEEXAMINATION張雪嬌FULLSCORESTRATEGYOFREADING

COMPREHENSION2014年~2010年安徽英語(yǔ)中考卷：

聽(tīng)力單項(xiàng)選擇完形填空補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)閱讀理解寫(xiě)30203054025

由上表可知，在整張中考英語(yǔ)試卷中，單項(xiàng)分值最高的是閱讀理解，每題2分*20,40分。而閱讀理解是考查學(xué)生在閱讀中準(zhǔn)確捕獲信息的能力，要求學(xué)生既理解具體的事實(shí)，也能理解抽象的概念，即考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)能力，包括閱讀、理解、歸納、歸納概括、邏輯推理以及對(duì)材料的評(píng)估能力等，是中考試卷中考查學(xué)生綜合能力較強(qiáng)的部分。READING

COMPREHENSION：命題特點(diǎn)常見(jiàn)題型命題趨勢(shì)解題方法命題特點(diǎn)：命題特點(diǎn)2014年~2010年安徽英語(yǔ)中考閱讀理解題材如下：2014年2013年2012年2011年2010年A記敘文人物傳記Tonywheeler說(shuō)明文社會(huì)現(xiàn)象Workhours記敘文人物傳記LeonardodaVinci說(shuō)明文科普知識(shí)Colors說(shuō)明文文化差異CulturedifferenceB說(shuō)明文社會(huì)現(xiàn)象Charities議論文哲理討論Thinkcreatively記敘文幽默故事Asktheway應(yīng)用文圖表信息記敘文哲理故事talentC應(yīng)用文廣告消息應(yīng)用文圖表信息應(yīng)用文校園通知應(yīng)用文書(shū)信來(lái)往應(yīng)用文性格測(cè)試D說(shuō)明文科普知識(shí)NorthAmericanblackbear說(shuō)明文科普知識(shí)Humanbrain說(shuō)明文性格分析Personalitiesanalysis記敘文人物傳記CharlesChaplin記敘文人物傳記DoctorSeussThreeTypesOfQuestions(題型)

：主旨大體題即歸納概括題。難度偏大。要求對(duì)整篇文章做出歸納、概括和評(píng)價(jià)。解題時(shí)，不能只憑文中的只言片語(yǔ)斷章取義。要求對(duì)文中個(gè)別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞、詞組、句子做出解釋。解題時(shí)，需要聯(lián)系上下文，甚至整篇文章的內(nèi)容才能做出正確答案。主旨大意題詞義猜測(cè)題細(xì)節(jié)題既有簡(jiǎn)單題也有復(fù)雜題。通讀全文，了解文中所敘訴的重要事實(shí)或者細(xì)節(jié)，就可以解答出來(lái)，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案。根據(jù)上下文或整篇文章進(jìn)行深層理解后，才能找到答案；有時(shí)甚至還要聯(lián)系作者的意圖、態(tài)度等弦外之音加以推理才能獲得正確答案Example:(within2mins)HewroteTheCatintheHatattheageof____.A50B53C56D87Theword“siton”inthepassageprobablymean_____.AfailtorealizeBforgettouseCtrytodevelopDmanagetoshowThepassageismainlyabout______.AbodylanguageinforeignrestaurantsBclassdiscussioninIndianschoolsCmiscommunicationindifferentculturesDEnglishteachinginothercountriesWhichcouldbethebesttitle標(biāo)題forthepassage?AsinginthebarBachievesuccessinlifeCneverloseheartDfindyourself5Theword“reduce”inthepassageprobablymeans______.A減少B排除C加強(qiáng)D增加6WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoDonna’sletter?AThebesttimetostudyisfrom10pmto1am.BWalkingoutsidecanmakeyouremembermore.CIt’sgoodtotellastudypartneraboutyourfeeling.DIt’snecessarytohavearestfor15to20minutesanhour.詞義細(xì)節(jié)詞義主旨主旨細(xì)節(jié)7Thepurposeof2ndparagraphis_______.AtowarnyouBtoenjoyitCtowriteitdownDtowriteitforfun8whatcanweinferfromthepassage?AManyworkershavetoworklonghours.BManypeoplehavelongvocations.CWorkhoursarethesamearoundtheworld.DTherearealotofdullpeopleintheworld.9Theunderlinedwordmeans_____.A變成B改變C成為D促進(jìn)10Newtonwantedtofindout______AwhentheapplehithimBwhytheapplefellCwhomadetheapplefellDwheretheapplefell11Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat_____.AwecouldaskothersforhelpBeveryoneofotherslikethinkingCitistoseeandhearourthoughtsDthinkinghelpstogetnewideas12HowmanychoicesdoIhave?A1B2C3D4Example:(within2mins)細(xì)節(jié)詞義細(xì)節(jié)主旨細(xì)節(jié)細(xì)節(jié)

主旨大意題命題形式：一)中心型(mainidea

、subject、generalidea)Thepassagemainlytellsus___

Themainideaofthepassageis…Thepassageismainlyabout…

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

Themainideaofthe2ndparagraphis…二)標(biāo)題型(topic/title/headline)

Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe…What’sthetopicofthearticle？三)目的型(purpose)Thepurposeofthisarticleis.Thepassageismeantto.detailsParagraphideasPassageidea

記敘文：六大要素：who/where/what/when/how/why（誰(shuí)在哪里做什么，什么時(shí)候怎樣做的，為什么這樣做）高頻詞（在文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)）首句、尾句,首段、尾段每一段的開(kāi)頭，劃分結(jié)構(gòu)：總-分/總-分-總/分-總(安徽卷2014,80)

TonyWheelerwasborntotravel.Hisfatherworkedforanairline.Forthefirst16yearsofhislife,Tonyandhisfamilylivedinmanydifferentcountries.Intheearly1970s,TonymetayoungwomannamedMaureen.Theysoonmarried…Theytookayear-longtripfromEngland,throughAsia,toAustralia.…WhentheyarrivedinAustralia,peopleaskedmanyquestionsabouttheirtrip.Toanswerthesequestions,TonywroteabookcalledAcrossAsiaonthecheap.Thebooktoldpeopleaboutdifferentcountries’weather,customs,andplacestosee….Healsowroteaboutunusualthingstoseeanddo.Thebookwasverypopular.Tonyandhiswifestartedacompany….Theycontinuedtravelling.Theywrotebooksforeachplacetheyvisited.…TonyWheeler,thegreattraveler,stillwritesabouttravelstomanyplacesandwillbringusmoresurprises.80Thepassagemainlytalksabout_______.AagreattravelerandhisbooksBatourofdifferentcountriesCagreatwriterandhisfamilyDdifferentkindsofcompanies80.高頻詞高頻詞(合肥市瑤海區(qū)第二次模擬2014,95)LangLangisafamouspianistandheispopularallovertheworld.HewasmadeaMessengerofPeacebytheUnitedNations(聯(lián)合國(guó)).

HegotthepositiononOctober28,2013.….LangLangisthefirstMessengerofPeacefromChina.BeingaMessengerofPeaceishighesthonor.Itis…LangLanghasbeenaGoodwillAmbassador(親善大使)forUNICEF(聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì))for10years.AsaMessengerofPeace,hehasaspecialtask:gettingthe57millionsschoolagechildrenworldwidewhoaren’tgettinganeducationintoclassrooms.LangLangsaysthathisnewroleismoreimportantthanhismusicbecauseitcanhelpimprovethelivesofchildrenaroundtheworldthrougheducation.LangLangalsoworkswithtalentedstudentstohelpthembecomemusician,…Headdedthathehopedthathewillhavemorefoundationsallovertheworld.Thenhisdreamcancometrue.95what’sthebesttitleforthepassage?ALangLang’sSuccessinMusicBLangLang’sEducationExperienceCLangLang’sFoundationDLangLang’sNewRoleinUN

說(shuō)明文/議論文：高頻詞（在文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)）首句、尾句,首段、尾段每一段的開(kāi)頭，劃分結(jié)構(gòu)：總-分/總-分-總/分-總(安徽卷2012,95)Inourlife,wemaymeetpersonswithdifferentpersonalities(性格).Whatisyourpersonalitytype(類(lèi)型)？Readaboutthefollowingandfindout!Adreamerthinksthatisa“right”waytodothings.Thispersonwantstoliveinthe“perfectworld”.Manyaregoodlistenersandlikestohelpothers.…Famousdreamers:AngelinaJolie,MohandasGandhi.Apartnerwantstobeinagroup.Forthisperson,rulesareimportant.Theyconsidertraditiontobeofgreatvalue….Famouspartners:QueenElizabethⅡ,MotherTeresa.Forthinkers,understandingthingsisveryimportant.Theyliketodealwithproblemsandmakenewthings….Famousthinkers:BillGates,StephenHawking.Artistswanttobefree.Theydon’twanttofollowtherulesallthetime.Theyalsoliketryingnewthings….Famousartists:Madonna,CristianoRonaldo.95whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?AFamousPeopleBPersonalitiesTypesCPerfectWorldDJobChoices總-分

(合肥市瑤海區(qū)第二次模擬考2014,90)Allparentswanttoseetheirchildrensucceedinlife.Theywanttheirchildrentohavemorethanwhattheyhad,yetparentsoftenforgettogivetheirchildrenwhattheyhad.Don’tforgettoinstructchildrenincharacterdevelopment.Intoday’ssociety,itismucheasiertomakechildrenhappythantoinstructtheminpersonaldevelopmentskills.Nowadays,parentshavetobebusywiththeirworkinordertomakemoremoneyandgivetheirchildrenabetterlivingenvironment.Theydon’thaveenoughtimetoplaywiththeirchildrenorcommunicatewiththem.Soparentscaneasilyoffertheirchildrenanewtoyratherthandeveloptheirchildren’snaturalsenseofcuriosity,whichwillleadtheirchildrenthroughself-learning.Therefore,thebestmethodforparentstoteachtheirchildrenisnotbybuyingthemthings,butbygivingthemanopportunitytolearnmoreaboutthingstheyareinterestedin.Inthisway,parentscanfinallyteachtheirchildrenthesamehardlessonsthattheyhavelearned,too.90whichisthemainideaofthepassage?ARemembertoinstructchildrenincharacterdevelopment.BAllparentswanttoseetheirchildrensucceedinlife.CDon’tbuygiftsforchildren.DTeac