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[模擬]職稱英語理工類A級模擬5
詞匯選項下面共有15個句子,每個句子中均有1個詞或短語帶有
括號或下劃線,請從每個句子后面所給的4個選項中選擇1個與括號
里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語。
第1題:
Thereisafamous(legend)hereaboutastrangeanimalthatlivesina
caveinthemountains.
A.history
B.book
C.tradition
D.oldstory
參考答案:D
答案解析:
history:歷史;book:書;tradition:傳統(tǒng);oldstory:老故事。題中"legend”
為“傳說,傳奇”,可知D選項符合題意。
第2題:
Veryfewpeoplearepreparedto(sacrifice)theirowncomfortforthegood
ofotherpeople.
A.lend
B.burn
C.kill
D.giveup
參考答案:D
答案解析:
lend:借出;burn:燃燒;kill:殺死;giveup:放棄。題中“sacrifice”意
為“犧牲(自己的舒適安逸)”,可知D選項更符合句意
第3題:
Aftertheaccident,myback(wasverypainful)foralongtime.
A.wasapain
B.hurtalot
C.wasinjured
D.woundedme
參考答案:B
答案解析:
wasapain:是一種疼痛(痛苦);hurtalot:痛得很厲害;wasinjured:受
傷;woundedme:傷害了我,使我受傷;題中“wasverypainfulk(很疼痛)”
1
可知B項符合題意。
第4題:
Myfriend,sparentswerevery(upset)whenshedidn,tphonethemfrommy
house.
A.frightened
B.preoccupied
C.busy
D.worried
參考答案:D
答案解析:
frightened:驚恐的,受驚的;preoccupied:出神的;busy:忙碌的,繁忙的;
worried:不安的。題中upset意為“不安的",可知D項符合題意。
第5題:
Mygrandfatherwouldsitforhours(onend)staringoutofthewindowat
themountains.
A.beforenightfall
B.continued
C.withoutabreak
D.outside
參考答案:B
答案解析:
beforenightfall:天黑之前;continued:繼續(xù)的;withoutabreak:不間斷
地;outside:在外面的。題中“onend”意為“繼續(xù)”,可知B選項符合題意。
第6題:
Thegirlpracticed(ceaselessly)tobecomeaprofessionalpianist.
A.continuously
B.precisely
C.largely
D.basically
參考答案:A
答案解析:
continuously:連續(xù)地;precisely:精確地;largely:大量地,主要地;
basically:基本地,主要地。題中“ceaselessly"意為“不停止地",可知A
選項符合題意。
第7題:
Manyvisitorsfindthe(tempo)oflifehereverydifficult.
A.kind
2
B.growth
C.speed
D.spectacle
參考答案:C
答案解析:
kind:種類;growth:成長,發(fā)展;speed:速率,速度;spectacle:壯觀,景
象。題中"tempo"意為"速度,拍子”,可知C選項符合題意。
第8題:
“Youwantmetosendinthreementodigtheboxup,withoutmakingasound,
and(getridof)itproperly?”
A.conformto
B.dealwith
C.disposeof
D.inclineto
參考答案:C
答案解析:
conformto:遵照,適應;dealwith:對付,處理;disposeof:去掉,清除;
inclineto:傾向,贊同。題中“getridof”意為“除去”,可知C選項符合
題意。
第9題:
Suddenlytheyenwilltakeabig(fluctuation)andwipeoutthatadvantage
weworkedsohardtocreate,
A.spring
B.sling
C.swing
D.string
參考答案:C
答案解析:
spring:產生,發(fā)出;sling:擲,拋;swing:搖擺,蕩;string:串起,成中。
題中"fluctuation"意為“波動”,可知C選項符合題意。
第10題:
Itisnecessarythatthemembershipapplicationsshouldbe(dispatched)
immediately.
A.dependupon
B.sentoff
C.discussed
D.filledout
3
參考答案:B
答案解析:
dependupon:依賴;sendoff:寄發(fā);discuss:論述,討論;fillout:填寫。
題中“dispatch”意為“快遞”,可知B選項符合題意。
第11題:
Thegroundonwhichthechurchstandshasalwaysbeenregardedas(sacred).
A.serious
B.holy
C.religious
D.saintly
參考答案:B
答案解析:
serious:嚴重的,嚴肅的;holy:圣潔的;religious:宗教的,虔誠的;saintly:
圣徒般的。題中sacred意為:奉獻給神的,宗教的。故答案為C。
第12題:
Formanyyearsmyuncleranavery(successful)engineeringbusiness.
A.rewarding
B.expensive
C.persuasive
D.profitable
參考答案:D
答案解析:
rewarding:有益的,有價值的;expensive:高價的,花錢的;persuasive:善
說服的,口才好的;profitable:有益的,有用的。題中successful意為"成
功的”,故答案為D。
第13題:
Theauthoritieshavedrawnup(anelaborate)plantocombatincreasing
crimeinthecity.
A.anotable
B.acareful
C.anextraordinary
D.adetailed
參考答案:D
答案解析:
notable:值得注意,有名的;careful:小心的;謹慎的;extraordinary:異
常的,格外的;detailed:詳細的,錯綜復雜的。題中elaborate意為“精細的,
復雜的”,故答案為D。
4
第14題:
Afterexaminingthepatient,thedoctorscouldfindno(physiological)
causeforhisillness.
A.psychological
B.artificial
C.physical
D.mental
參考答案:C
答案解析:
psychological:心理學的;artificial:人造的,虛偽的;physical:物質的,
肉體的mental:心理的,精神的。題小physiological意為“生理學的,生理
的”,故答案為C。
第15題:
The(odds)againstyouwinningthenationallotteryaremillionstoone.
A.possibility
B.chances
C.statistics
D.opportunity
參考答案:B
答案解析:
possibility:可能性,實現(xiàn)性;chance:機會;statistic:統(tǒng)計;opportunity:
機會,良機。題中意為“機會”,故答案為B。
閱讀判斷閱讀下面這篇短文,短文后列出7個句子,請根據短文的
內容對每個句子做出判斷。
ThetemperatureoftheSunisover5,000degreesFahrenheitatthe
surface,butitrisestoperhapsmorethan16milliondegreesatthecenter.
TheSunissomuchhotterthantheEarththatmattercanexistonlyas
agas,exceptatthecore.InthecoreoftheSun,thepressuresareso
greatagainstthegasesthat,despitethehightemperature,theremaybe
asmallsolidcore.However,noonereallyknows,sincethecenterofthe
Suncanneverbedirectlyobserved.Solarastronomersdoknowthatthe
Sunisdividedintofivelayersorzones.Startingattheoutsideandgoing
downintotheSun,thezonesarethecorona,chromosphere,photosphere,
convectionzones,andfinallythecore.Thefirstthreezonesareregarded
astheSun'satmosphere.ButsincetheSunhasnosolidsurface,itis
hardtotellwheretheatmosphereendsandthemainbodyoftheSunbegins.
TheSun,soutermostlayerbeginsabout10,000milesabovethevisible
surfaceandgoesoutwardformillionsofmiles.Thisistheonlypartof
theSunthatcanbeseenduringaneclipsesuchastheoneinFebruary
5
1979.Atanyothertime,thecoronacanbeseenonlywhenspecial
instrumentsareusedoncamerasandtelescopestoshutouttheglareof
theSun,srays.Thecoronainbrilliant,pearlywhite,filmylight,about
asbrightasthefullMoon.Itsbeautifulraysareasensationalsight
duringaneclipse.Thecorona,sraysflashoutinabrilliantfanthat
haswispyspike-likeraysneartheSun,snorthandsouthpoles.Thecorona
isthickestattheSun,sequator.Thecoronaraysaremadeupofgases
streamingoutwardattremendousspeedsandreachingatemperatureofmore
than2milliondegreeFahrenheit.Theraysofgasthinoutastheyreach
thespacearoundtheplanets.BythetimetheSun,scoronaraysreachthe
Earth,theyareweakandinvisible.
第16題:
ThetemperatureatthecenteroftheSunismuchhigherthanitisatthe
surface.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:A
答案解析:
見文章第一句"Atthesurface,thetemperatureisover5,000degrees
Fahrenheit,butitismorethan16milliondegreesatthecenter”。
第17題:
TheremustbeasolidcoreinthecoreoftheSun.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:B
答案解析:
見“However,noonereallyknows,sincethecenteroftheSuncannever
bedirectlyobserved。
第18題:
ItisprovedthattheSunisdividedintofivelayers.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:A
答案解析:
見“SolarastronomersdoknowthattheSunisdividedintofivelayers”。
6
第19題:
TheSun,satmosphereonlyexistsinthefirstthreezones.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:B
答案解析:
文章中提及“itishardtotellwheretheatmosphereendsandthemainbody
oftheSunbegins",可知不能固定認為前三層就是氣體層。
第20題:
Thecoronalookslikeamoon.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:c
答案解析:
文章沒有介紹corona的形狀。
第21題:
Gasesaremainpartinthecoronarays.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:A
答案解析:
見文中“Thecoronaraysaremadeupofgases”0
第22題:
ThecoronaraysbecomeweakandinvisiblewhentheyreachtheEarth,
becausetheEarthisfarawayfromtheSun.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:C
答案解析:
文中提至“Theraysofgasthinoutastheyreachthespacearoundthe
planets,但沒有提及是否因為距離遠的緣故。
7
概括大意與完成句子閱讀下面這篇短文,短文后有2項測試任務:
(1)第23?26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第3?6段每段選擇1個
正確的小標題:(2)第27?30題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正
確選項,分別完成每個句子。
Anewdrugshowshopeofconqueringaformofleukemiabytargeting
themisbehavingcellstwosummersagoDouglasJensonwassowipedoutfrom
battlingchronicmyelogenous(骨髓性的)leukemia(白血?。–ML)thathe
coulddolittlemorethansitbyhiswindow;watchingthenumbersona
thermometerriseandfallwiththesun.Todaythankstoanexperimental
drugcalledSTI571(brandname:Glivec),Jenson67,isbikinginOregon
andplanningatriptotheCaribbean.〃Ifeelwonderful,,zhesays.
2.Sodohisdoctors.STI571,asmartbomb"drugthattargets
leukemiacellswithoutharminghealthyions,firstmadeheadlineslast
yearwhenresearchersannouncedthatwhitebloodcountshadreturnedto
normalin31outof31patientswhohadtakenthepill.Lastweekscientists
werehackreportingnewdataonjustover1000patients.Inonetrial,
morethan90%of532peopleonthedrugsawcountsreturntonormal.And
undermicroscopicexamination,28percentshowednoevidenceofcancer
leftintheirbonemarrow.
3.Thedrugevenhelped,althoughnotasdramatically,some
patientsinthefinal"blast"phaseofthedisease,whensurvivalis
measuredinmonths.STI571〃hasignitedthecancer-researchfield”,says
DrBrianDruker,anOreganHealthSciencesUniversityresearcherwho
developedthedrugwithmanufacturerNovartis.
4.CML,diagnosedin5100Americanseveryyear,istriggered
whentwochromosomesswapfragmentsofgeneticinformation.CMLstarts
withthemistakenswapofgenesbetweentwochromosomes.Theresulting
''Philadelphiachromosome"producesthemutantBcr-Ablprotein.Bcr-Abl
transfersaphosphatefromthechemicalmessengerATPtootherproteins.
Theyinitiateaflawedsignaltowhitebloodcellstoreplicate
incessantly.
5.STI571returnsbloodcountsbacktonormalforthose
patientswithchronicmyelogenousleukemia(CML)ina,zsmartbombway〃by
targetingtheproteinthatsendsthemessagetomakethewhitebloodcells.
Bonemarrowtransplantscanworkextremelywell,butthey'reapplicable
onlyforaminorityofpatients;otherwise,standardtreatmentisthe
injectabledruginterferon.Manypatients,however,cannottolerate
theadverseeffects,whichincludeseverefatigue,weightlossand
depression.Thenewpillworksbydeactivatingthecancercells,growth
signal.Sideeffects-nausea,eyepuffiness,muscleacheshavebeen
relativelymildsofar.
23-26的選項
[A].PersonalEffectonOnePatient
[B].ItsPotentialforDiseaseSuffersintheMostSeriousStagesof
8
TheirIllness
[C].ReserchEvidenceThattheDrugIsEffective
[D].WhytheDrugIsMoreEffectiveThanOtherTreatments
[E].HowCMLOccurs
[F].WorkNeededtoBeDonetoConfirmtheDrug'sPotential
27-30的選項
[A].thesuccessratewasmuchless
[B].fromonetrial
[C].nextyear
[D].severefatigue,weightlossanddepression
[E].seemtobenotsoserious
[F].harmhealthyions
第23題:
Paragraph3.
參考答案:
B
詳細解答:
句意:該藥在作用于處在最嚴重時期病人方面的潛力。
第24題:
Paragraph4.
參考答案:
E
詳細解答:
句意:慢性髓細胞性白血病是如何發(fā)生的。
第25題:
Paragraph5.
參考答案:
D
詳細解答:
句意:為什么這種藥物比其它治療方法更有效。
第26題:
Paragraph6.
參考答案:
9
F
詳細解答:
句意:在確認該藥物療效方面需要做的工作。
第27題:
Theevidenceisstrong(90%successrate)
參考答案:
B
詳細解答:
本題出自第二段倒數(shù)第二句"Inonetrial,morethan90%of532people
onthedrugsawcountsreturntoOnormal”。
第28題:
Interferontreatmentcauses.
參考答案:
D
詳細解答:
見第五段二、三句,”....standardtreatmentistheinjectabledrug
interferonn,“Manypatients...whichincludeseverefatigue,weightloss
anddepression.”
第29題:
Thedrugwillprobablybeapproved.
參考答案:
C
詳細解答:
第六段最后一句"Aboveall,scientistssayST1571—whichcouldbe
FDA-approvednextyear-isamilestoneincancertreatmentw。
第30題:
Sideeffectsofthedrug______.
參考答案:
E
詳細解答:
見第五段倒數(shù)第一句"Sideeffects-nausea,eyepuffiness,muscleaches
io
havebeenrelativelymildsofar.”
閱讀理解下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道題,每題后面有4
個選項。請仔細閱讀短文并根據短文回答其后面的問題,從4個選項
中選擇1個最佳答案。
弟扁
Unlesswespendmoneytospotandpreventasteroids(小行星)now,
onemightcrashintoEarthanddestroylifeasweknowit,saysome
scientists.
Asteroidsarebiggerversionsofthemeteoroids(流星)thatreace
acrossthenightsky.MostorbitthesunfarfromEarthanddon,tthreaten
us.Buttherearealsothousandsofasteroidswhoseorbitsputthemon
acollisioncoursewithEarth.
Buy$50millionworthofnowtelescopesrightnow.Thenspend
$10millionayearforthenext25yearstolocatemostofthespacerocks.
Bythetimewespotafatalone,thescientistssay,we'11haveawayto
changeitscourse.
Somescientistsfavorpushingasteroidsoffcoursewithnuclear
weapons.Butthecostwouldn,tbecheap.
Isitworthit?Twothingsexpertsconsiderwhenjudginganyrisk
are:1)Howlikelytheeventis;and2)Howbadtheconsequencesifthe
eventoccurs.Expertsthinkanasteroidbigenoughtodestroylotsoflife
mightstrikeEarthonceevery500,000years.Soundsprettyrare一butif
onedidfall,itwouldbetheendoftheworld.〃Ifwedon,ttakecare
ofthesebigasteroids,they,11takecareofus,〃saysonescientist.〃It'
sthatsimple.
Thecure,though,mightbeworsethanthedisease.Dowereally
wantfleetsofnuclearweaponssittingaroundonEarth?”Theworldhas
lesstofearfromdoomsday(毀滅性)rocksthanfromagreatnuclearfleet
setagainstthem,〃saidaNewYorkTimesarticle.
第31題:
Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutasteroidsandmeteoroids?
A.Theyareheavenlybodiesdifferentincomposition.
B.Theyareheavenlybodiessimilarinnature.
C.Therearemoreasteroidsthanmeteoroids.
D.Asteroidsaremoremysteriousthanmeteoroids.
參考答案:B
答案解析:
參見原文第二段第一句話"Asteroidsarebigger…”譯為:小行星是比劃過夜
空的流星大的天體。故選B。
第32題:
WhatdoscientistssayaboutthecollisionofanasteroidwithEarth?
11
A.Itisveryunlikelybutthedangerexists.
B.Suchacollisionmightoccuronceevery25years.
C.CollisionsofsmallerasteroidswithEarthoccurmoreoftenthan
expected.
D.It'sstilltooearlytosaywhethersuchacollisionmightoccur.
參考答案:A
答案解析:
參見第五段中uExpertsthink…Soundspretty…”譯為:專家認為,一顆能摧
毀許多生命的小行星可能每50萬年撞擊一次地球,雖說是相當罕見,但如果小
行星隕落,整個世界將會毀滅,A選項符合題意,故選A。
第33題:
Whatdopeoplethinkofthesuggestionofusingnuclearweaponstoalter
thecourseofasteroids?
A.Itsoundspracticalbutitmaynotsolvetheproblem.
B.Itmaycreatemoreproblemsthanitmightsolve.
C.ItisawasteofmoneybecauseacollisionofasteroidswithEarth
isveryunlikely.
D.Furtherresearchshouldbedonebeforeitisprovedapplicable.
參考答案:B
答案解析:
參見最后一段"Thecure---,Theworldhas…”其中cure一詞指的是阻止小行
星撞擊地球的解決辦法,即用核武器改變小行星的運行軌道,而disease一詞
指的是小行星可能撞擊地球這一令世人擔心的事,所以,可以推斷出:核武器比
小行星帶來的后果,也許更糟……大批對付小行星的核武器帶給世人的恐懼要大
于那些毀滅性的石頭,故選B。
第34題:
Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat.
A.whilepushingasteroidsoffcoursenuclearweaponswoulddestroy
theworld
B.asteroidsracingacrossthenightskyarelikelytohiltEarthin
thenearfuture
C.theworryaboutasteroidscanbelefttofuturegenerationssince
itisunlikelytohappeninourlifetime
D.workablesolutionsstillhavetobefoundtopreventacollision
ofasteroidswithEarth
參考答案:D
答案解析:
本文作者寫作步驟如下:什么是小行星;小行星可能撞擊地球的時間及其后果;
科學家關于避免小行星撞擊地球的方法;人們對解決問題方法的憂慮。所以,讀
12
者可以推斷出:如果對付小行星的核武器在改變小行星運行軌道的同時會毀滅整
個地球,那么解決小行星撞擊地球的可行的辦法仍需進一步研究。故選D。
第35題:
Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'stoneinthispassage?
A.Optimistic.
B.Critical.
C.Objective.
D.Arbitrary.
參考答案:C
答案解析:
作者引用一些科學家、報刊文章的觀點對有關小行星的內容進行了介紹,所以只
有C選項最符合題意,故選C。
簞一答
Aprofoundchangeseemstohavetakenplaceintheeconomic
relationshipbetweenAmericansandtheiranimals.In1993,thepet
businesswasa$16billionfielddominatedbymomandpopoutfitsand
independentveterinarians.Today,itisa$23billionempire.
Nearly60percentofAmericanslivewithoneormoreanimals.More
than30millionhavedogs,and27millionhavecats.Whiletheoverall
numberofownershasremainedrelativelystablesincethe1980s,theyare
spendingevergreateramountsontheiranimals.Signsoftheboomare
everywhere.Ontheretailside,superstorechainsarecoveringthe
country.
Americansconsidercatsanddogsa"partofthefamily"rather
thanproperty,which,legally,atleast,theyremain.(Beingproperty
themselves,forinstance,animalscannotlegallyinheritpropertyin
wills,thoughgrowingnumbersofthemarebeingprovidedforinestates,
andsomelawfirmshavedevelopedaspecialtyinthearea.)
Thereasonsforthismetamorphosisfrompropertytopersonare
mysterious.NooneseemstoknowexactlywhyAmericanshavechangedtheir
views.Adeclineinwarmthamonghomosapiensmayexplainpartofthe
phenomenon,saysattorneyLaneGabeler.Shesaysitactuallyhelpsthe
practicebygivingherpeopleasofteredge."Peoplehatelawyers,and
welookmorehumanwithadog,〃Gabelerinsists.
Ontheotherhand,therearemorereasonsnowtoownpetsthan
therewereagenerationago.Adultsintheir20sand30smarryandhave
kidslater,leavingmoreroomintheir1ivestoadoptabeast.Medical
researchhasdeterminedthatcontactwithpetscanlowerbloodpressure
andfendoffheartattacks,somoreandmoreoftheelderlyhaveembraced
theanimalkingdom.
Thepetindustryisconfidentthatthefutureremainsbright.On
13
thehealthinsurancesidealone,forexample,themarkethashardlybeen
scratched.IntheUnitedKingdom,13percentofthecountry,s15million
ownershavepolicies,andinSweden,57percentof7millionhavebeen
insured.ButintheUnitedStates,withatotalof114millionpets,fewer
than1percentofpetsarecoverediftheychokeonachickenboneortry
tobitetheUPStruckdriver.Soifthebondbetweenpeopleandtheir
creaturestrulyexists,andifthatbondkeepsdeepeningeconomicallyas
wellasemotionally,thenextwaveofAmericanmogulsmaywellbepet
insuranceagentsratherthanInternetpioneers.
第36題:
TheprofoundchangeintheeconomicrelationshipbetweenAmericansand
theirpetshasbeencausedbythefactthat______.
A.morepeoplenowownvetsthanbefore
B.peopleownmorepetstodaythanbefore
C.thecostofpetfoodhasdecreased
D.peoplespendmoremoneyontheirpets
參考答案:D
答案解析:
該題要求理解美國人和他們的寵物之間的經濟關系發(fā)生深刻變化的原因。根據第
二段,雖然飼養(yǎng)寵物的人數(shù)沒有什么增加,但花在寵物身上的費用增加了。因此,
造成美國人和他們的寵物之間的經濟關系發(fā)生深刻變化的原因,是美國人在寵物
的身上花了更多的錢。
第37題:
Paragraphs4and5mainlyanswerwhichofthefollowingquestions?
A.WhoownpetsintheUnitedStates?
B.Whydopeopleraisepets?
C.Whatarethecostsofowningpets?
D.Whatarethemedicalbenefitsofowningpets?
參考答案:B
答案解析:
該題要求理解第四、五段的主要內容。在第,四段,作者指出飼養(yǎng)寵物可以使人
們更有人情味;根據第五段,年輕人有更多的時間來飼養(yǎng)寵物,以及飼養(yǎng)寵物可
以降低血壓和防止心臟病。所以這兩段的內容主要回答了選項B提出的問題。
第38題:
Theword"metamorphosis”(para.4)couldbestbereplacedby.
A.change
B.improvement
C.understanding
D.attitude
14
參考答案:A
答案解析:
該題要求從上下文猜測詞義。根據第二段,美國人不再把寵物看作是一種財產,
而是把它們看作和人一樣,并試圖在遺產中對它們作出安排。第三段則解釋了造
成這種轉變的原因。
第39題:
Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?
A.Americanssetdownpetsaspropertyintheirwills.
B.Mostlawyersownpetsofonekindoranother.
C.Peopleintheir20sand30sgivetheirprioritytoraisingpets
ratherthanhavingchildren.
D.ThenumberofpetsintheU.S.thathaveinsurancepoliciesisless
than1.14million.
參考答案:D
答案解析:
該題要求理解文章中部分句子的意思。選項A錯。第三段括號中的一句話是說,
雖然寵物在法律上不能繼承財產,但越來越多的寵物在遺產中得到了安排;選項
B錯。作者在第四段中引用了LaneGabeler律師作為一個例子,說明寵物使一
些令人討厭的工作更富有人情味,但并不說明大多數(shù)律師都擁有寵物;選項C
錯。第五段第二句的意思是說,年輕人由于推遲生兒育女,從而有時間來飼養(yǎng)寵
物,不是因為飼養(yǎng)寵物而推遲生兒育女;選項D對。根據第六段第四句,美國的
11,400萬只寵物只有不到現(xiàn)有健康保險。
第40題:
Whatdoestheauthormeanby"themarkethashardlybeenscratched”(para.
6)?
A.VeryfewAmericanpetshaveinsurancepolicies.
B.Morepeoplewillownpetsinthefuture.
C.Americansspendlessmoneyonpetsthanpeopleinothercountries.
D.FewpetsinAmericadiefromaccident.
參考答案:A
答案解析:
該題要求理解第六段的主要內容。該段主要說的是,美國只有1%的寵物有健康
保險,而英國和瑞典分別為13%和57%O從這個意義上來說,美國寵物保險市場
還未啟動,其前途大有可為。
第三篇
Inthe1950s,thepioneersofartificialintelligence(AI)
predictedthat,bytheendofthiscentury,computerswouldbeconversing
withusatworkandrobotswouldbeperformingourhousework.Butasuseful
ascomputersare,they,renowhereclosetoachievinganythingremotely
15
resemblingtheseearlyaspirationsforhumanlikebehavior.Nevermind
somethingascomplexasconversation:themostpowerfulcomputers
struggletoreliablyrecognizetheshapeofanobject,themostelementary
oftasksforatenmonth-oldkid.
AgrowinggroupofAIresearchersthinktheyknowwherethefield
wentwrong.Theproblem,thescientistssay,isthatAIhasbeentrying
toseparatethehighest,mostabstractlevelsofthought,likelanguage
andmathematics,andtoduplicatethemwithlogical,step-by-step
programs.AnewmovementinAI,ontheotherhand,takesacloserlook
atthemoreroundaboutwayinwhichnaturecameupwithintelligence.Many
oftheseresearchersstudyevolutionandnaturaladaptationinsteadof
formallogicandconventionalcomputerprograms.Ratherthandigital
computersandtransistors,somewanttoworkwithbraincellsandproteins.
Theresultsoftheseearlyeffortsareaspromisingastheyarepeculiar,
andthenewnature-basedAImovementisslowlybutsurelymovingtothe
forefrontofthefield.
Imitatingthebrain,sneural(神經)networkisahugestepin
therightdirection,sayscomputerscientistandbiophysicistMichael
Conrad,butisstillmissesanimportantaspectofnaturalintelligence.
“Peopletendtotreatthebrainasifitweremadeupofcolor-coded
transistors,,zheexplains,“butit'snotsimplyaclevernetworkof
switches.Therearelotsofimportantthingsgoingoninsidethebrain
cellsthemselves.z,Specifically,Conradbelievesthatmanyofthebrain,s
capabilitiesstemfromthepattern-recognitionproficiencyofthe
individualmoleculesthatmakeupeachbraincell.Thebestwaytobuild
anartificiallyintelligentdevice,heclaims,wouldbetobuilditaround
thesamesortofmolecularskills.
Rightnow,thenotionthatconventionalcomputersandsoftware
arefundamentallyincapableofmatchingtheprocessesthattakeplacein
thebrainremainscontroversial.Butifitprovestrue,thentheefforts
ofConradandhisfellowAlrebelscouldturnouttobetheonlygamein
town.
第41題:
Theauthorsaysthatthepowerfulcomputersoftoday.
A.arecapableofreliablyrecognizingtheshapeofanobject
B.areclosetoexhibitinghumanlikebehavior
C.arenotverydifferentintheirperformancefromthoseofthe50,s
D.stillcannotcommunicatewithpeopleinahumanlanguage
參考答案:D
答案解析:
第1段最后一句themostpowerfulcomputersstruggletoreliablyrecognize
theshapeofanobjectthemostelementarytasksforaten-montholdkid。
十歲的兒童都能輕松地辨認出的圖像對最先進的計算機米說都比較困難,由此可
16
以推斷,計算機仍不能用語言與人們交流。
第42題:
Thenewtrendinartificialintelligenceresearchstemsfrom.
A.theshiftofthefocusofstudyontotherecognitionoftheshapes
ofobjects
B.thebeliefthathumanintelligencecannotbeduplicatedwithlogical,
step-by-stepprograms
C.theaspirationsofscientiststoduplicatetheintelligenceofa
ten-month-oldchild
D.theeffortsmadebyscientistinthestudyofthesimilarities
betweentransistorsandbraincells
參考答案:B
答案解析:
文章第二段介紹AI所一直犯的錯誤是試圖separatethehighest,most
abstractlevelsofthought,likelangu
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