同位語從句公開課課件

NounClause——AppositiveClause（同位語從句）2021/5/91

nounclauses名詞性從句subjectiveclause主語從句objectiveclause賓語從句predicativeclause表語從句appositiveclause同位語從句

2021/5/921.名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞that,whether,if,asifwhat,which,who,whom,whatever,whichever,whoever,whosewhen,where,why,how連詞：連接代詞：連接副詞：2.如何判斷從句？賓語從句：位于及物動(dòng)詞或介詞之后表語從句：位于連系動(dòng)詞之后主語從句：位于句首/句末，即在謂語動(dòng)詞之前Thathewillsucceediscertain.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.2021/5/93規(guī)律一：主語從句一律用_____語序，即_____在前，______在后?！剃愂鲋髡Z謂語規(guī)律二：主語從句做主語，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞多用_______。what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可根據(jù)_______決定主句動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式單數(shù)表語

that在引出主語從句時(shí)沒有意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，___（能/不能）省略。規(guī)律三:不能規(guī)律四：whether/if表“是否”，“if”不能放在______引導(dǎo)主語從句，句首只能用____________。句首whether2021/5/94Leadin√1.Theirfriend,DannyLin,waswaitingattheairport.HewasgoingtotakethemandtheirbaggagetocatchtheTrueNorth,thecross-Canadatrain2.Somepeoplehavetheideathatyou

cancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefact

thatCanada

is

5,500kilometersfromcoasttocoast.2021/5/95Somepeoplehavetheideathatyou

cancrossCanadainlessthanfivedaysthat名詞引導(dǎo)詞從句總結(jié)：同位語從句結(jié)構(gòu)____________+______________+________________名詞引導(dǎo)詞從句2021/5/961.Ihavenoideawhyyouaresotiredeveryday.2.Thefactthatwedon’tgetenoughsleepisabsolutelytrue.3.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutthequestionwhetherweshouldbegivenmorefreetime.4.Weallknowthetruththatnothingismoreimportantthanhealth.ideaThefactthequestionthetruth同位語從句的作用:?進(jìn)一步解釋、說明前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容。Activity1Readandfind2021/5/97

同位語從句其前的名詞通常為______名詞,如：______,______,hope,wish,________,order,________,________,belief,truth,theory,decision,conclusion,promise,_________,_________,plan,_________。Summary(1):抽象factnewsopinionquestionproblemthoughtsuggestionidea2021/5/98連接詞that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句that在從句中不充當(dāng)成分,只起連接作用.Hetoldmethenews

thathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.他告訴我一個(gè)消息,他馬上要從國外回國.2021/5/99只用whether引導(dǎo),不用if.這個(gè)問題是否正確還未被證實(shí).Theproblem________it

istrue

hasn’tbeenconfirmed.連接詞whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句whether2021/5/910連接詞代詞what/which/who

引導(dǎo)的同位語從句1.誰會(huì)出國這個(gè)問題還未決定.2.我不知道該選哪個(gè).1.Thequestion_____shouldgoabroadhasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.Ihavenoidea______tochoose.whichwho在從句中充當(dāng)成分2021/5/911連接詞副詞when/where/why/how

引導(dǎo)的同位語從句1.我了解他們?yōu)槭裁措x開得那么早.2.我們還沒決定好去哪兒.1.I’vegotagoodidea_____theyleftearly.2.Thequestion_______weshouldgohasnotbeendecided.whywhere2021/5/912Summary(2):

同位語從句在復(fù)合句中用作

的從句叫同位語從句，它是________從句之一。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連接詞有：從屬連詞

,

；連接代詞

,________,______,

等，

連接副詞

,

,

,_____

等。同位語名詞性thatwhetherwhichwhowhenwherewhyhowwhomwhat2021/5/913Activity2Choosetheproperintroductivewords1.Thequestion________shoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.2.Ihavenoidea_____thedrivermadephonecallwhendriving.3.Thefact_____twopupilswerekilledcan’tbeacceptedbytheirparents.4.Theproblem________weshouldhavethemeetinginthehallnowmustbedecidedatonce.5.Ihavesomedoubt_______heissuitableforthejob.6.Thereisnodoubt_______heissuitableforthejob.whowhythatwhetherwhenthat2021/5/914doubt(懷疑)肯定形式后同位語從句用whether引導(dǎo)；nodoubt(不懷疑)即否定形式之后的同位語從句用that引導(dǎo)。注意1:Ihavesomedoubt______shecanpersuadeherhusbandtogiveupsmoking.Thereisnodoubt______wewillwinthegamewhetherthat2021/5/915同位語從句有時(shí)被別的詞或短語把它和名詞隔開：（謂語較短，同位語從句較長）注意2:1:Thestorygoes

thatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.2:Wordcame

thattheirteamhadwon.（word：n消息）分隔式同位語從句2021/5/916若被同位語從句說明的名詞是：advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,requirement,order等表示建議、命令、要求的詞時(shí)，同位語從句的謂語用"(should)+do"1).Imadethesuggestionthatthemeeting____________________(bring)toanend.(should)bebrought2).Theorderthatwe____________(send)afewpeopletohelpthemwasreceivedyesterday.3).Theorderthatwe__________(receive)yesterdaywasthatwe___________(send)afewpeopletohelpthem.(should)sendreceived(should)send注意3:2021/5/917同位語從句與定語從句的不同之處（1）同位語從句用來進(jìn)一步________前面名詞的內(nèi)容;定語從句用來__________前面的名詞。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位語從句說明“消息”的內(nèi)容：______________）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreally

encouraging.（定語從句對“消息”加以限定：是_______________，而非來自其他渠道。但消息是何內(nèi)容卻不得而知。）Summary(3):解釋說明修飾限定我們隊(duì)取得了決賽勝利你告訴我的2021/5/918Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreally

encouraging.Summary(3):同位語從句與定語從句的不同之處（2）在從句中充當(dāng)成分嗎？在從句中充當(dāng)成分嗎？that

同位語從句

定語從句不作成分，無意義，不能省指代先行詞，作成分，作賓語可省2021/5/9191、從連接詞的功能Thesuggestion(that/which)shegaveisquitegood.

（that指代suggestion，又在從句中充當(dāng)賓語，可省略）2)Thesuggestionthatyoushouldstayintheroomisquitegood.（that不充當(dāng)任何成分）2、從語氣上辨別表示要求，建議，命令等詞后的同位語要用(should)+do的虛擬形式，而定語從句沒有這一條。2021/5/9203.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.4.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.同位語從句定語從句2021/5/9213.在名詞和從句之間加be,使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則是同位語從句，定語從句是不能用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來的。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegame

wastrue.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterday

wastrue.Thenewsisthatourteamhaswonthegame.Thenewsisthathetoldmeyesterday.(句子通順，是同位語從句）（句子不通順，是定語從句）2021/5/922判斷下列從句是定語從句還是同位語從句：Thenewsthatyou'veheardisn'ttrue.Thenewsthatwe'llgoonapicnicthisSundayisn'ttrue.定語從句同位語從句Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.()定語從句同位語從句2021/5/923Ihaveahopethatallofyouwillgotocollege.2.Ihatethefactthathetoldme.3.Ihatethefactthathealwaystellslies4.Titanicistheshipthatsankintotheocean.5.Hemadeanexcuse

thathiscarbrokedownontheway.同位語從句定語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句Activity3判斷以下是什么從句2021/5/9241.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities;thisistheinformation____hasbeenputforward.

A.whatB.thatC.whenD.as2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,____broughtherheartintohermouth.

A.itB.whichC.thisD.that3.Ican'tstandtheterriblenoise____sheiscryingloudly.

A.itB.whichC.thisD.that4.Thefact_____hefailedintheexamisnottheone______hetoldme.A.which;thatB.that;/C.which;whichD./;that

Activity4Choosethebestanswer2021/5/925ActivityFillintheblanksThenews____________________(MH370失蹤)shockedthewholeworld.

Malaysianauthoritiessaidthattherewasnoconfirmation___________________(殘骸被找到)onMarch12.Themystery_______________________(飛機(jī)去哪兒了)alsoconfusedallpeopleinthewhorld._____________(是否是)anactofterrorismwasanotherdoubt.Weallhadadream__________________________________(有部分乘客幸存)Butunfortunately,onMarch24Malaysianauthorities’messagetotherelativesbrokeourlasthope.

thatMH370dissapearedthatdebriswasfoundwheretheplanehasgoneWhetheritwasthatsomeofthepassengerssurvived.2021/5/926“MalaysiaAirlinesdeeplyregretsthatwehavetoassume,beyondanyreasonabledoubt,thatMH370hasbeenlostand______noneofthoseonboardsurvived.”Butjustasthelyrics(歌詞)say,westillholdthebelief___________________________________,(飛機(jī)能穿越時(shí)間和空間)livingwithustogether.

thatthattheplanecancrosstimeandspace2021/5/927

Listentoasong2021/5/928Activity6Completethesentences1.Thequestion_________________________botheredhim.(get)能從哪里弄到如此多的錢這個(gè)問題困擾著他2.

_______________________istheuseofcellphone.

他們正在談?wù)摰氖謾C(jī)的使用。（talk）3._____________________theMH370flightlostcrashed,butfueltankswerelimitedinthedistanceithad.（confirm）還沒有消息證實(shí)MH370航班已失事，但是這個(gè)航程的航班油量是有限的。4.Thequestionis_____________________insuchashorttime.(prepare)問題是我們能否在如此短的時(shí)間內(nèi)準(zhǔn)備好。5.Didshesay____________________?（work）

她是在說我們應(yīng)該怎樣做這個(gè)工作嗎？wherehecouldgetsomuchmoneyWhattheyaretalkingaboutIthasnotbeenconfirmedthatwhetherwecanpreparewellhowweshoulddothework2021/5/9291.Thenewsthattherearenolivesonthemoon

isknowntousall.()2.Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.()3.Haveyouanyideawhohewentwith?()4.Isthereanyhopethattheywillbehomeintime?()5.Theproblemthatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.()同位語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句定語從句2021/5/930Whatkindofnounclausesarethey?

1.Whatitwastobecomewasamystery.2.Idon’tknowwhowillhelpHenrytowinthebet.3.Histroubleisthathedoesn’tknowanybodyinLondon.4.Thefactthatshipscangotheresurprisesmanypeople.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句____________________________________________________________________2021/5/931Themanfromthestar這部電視劇已經(jīng)成為最近的熱點(diǎn)是一個(gè)事實(shí)_______________________________arecenthottopicisatruth.(become)ThattheTVplayhasbecomeSubjectClause主語從句2021/5/932很多人想知道為什么都教授吸引了那么多的粉絲。

Manypeoplewondered______________________________________________________________.(attract)

whyPrefessorDuattractedsomanyfans.ObjectClause賓語從句2021/5/933理由可能是他擁有帥氣的外表和強(qiáng)大的超能力。Maybethereasonis________________________________

____________________________.(have)thathehashandsomeappearenceandstrongsuperpowerPredicativeClause表語從句2021/5/934盡管我也被這部劇吸引，但炸雞和啤酒因?yàn)檫@部劇成為了很受歡迎的食物的事實(shí)還是讓我很吃驚。AlthoughIwasattractedbythisdrama,thefact___________________________________________becauseofitstillsurprisedme.

thatthefriedchickenandbeerbecamepopularfoodAppositiveClause同位語語從句(become)2021/5/935同位語是句子成分的一種,它位于名詞、代詞后面,說明它們的性質(zhì)和情況,它可以由名詞、代詞、名詞性短語或從句充當(dāng)。（對前面名詞或代詞的補(bǔ)充說明）同位語theAppositive語法精解(一)2021/5/9361.(09四川8).Newscamefromtheschooloffice_____XiaoLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where2.(09天津9).Itisobvioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that3.(06上海)Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris______itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.

A.how

B.why

C.that

D.when

高考鏈接同位語從句主語從句表語從句2021/5/9374.(上海01年春季）Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．A.whenB.how