譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第二冊(cè)期末復(fù)習(xí)測(cè)試題含答案

譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第二冊(cè)期末復(fù)習(xí)測(cè)試題含答案Unit1TheMassMedia過(guò)去完成時(shí)1．Meanwhile,therestofthepassengerswho(board)theplanewereforcedtodisembark(下飛機(jī))andgothroughsecuritycheckpointsagain.2．Father(leave)forLondononbusinessbeforemyarrival,soIdidn’tseehim.3．Emmawasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachinewhichshe(repair)wentwrongagain.4．Mr.Smith

(work)inacarfactoryfortenyearsbeforehecametoChina.5．Bytheendoflastmonth,Jane(raise)enoughmoneyforthepoorsickboy.6．BythetimeIturnedontheTV,Messi(score)twogoals.7．Shewasgratefulforeverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteam(do)forher.8．Whenfirstcomingtothatcity,myparentsoftenhadachatwithneighbours,justasthey(do)inourhometown.9．Bytheendoflastyear,Henry

(collect)morethanathousandpostcards.10．OurEnglishteacher(teach)EnglishinGuangxifortenyearsbeforehecametoNo.113MiddleSchool.11．BythetimeIarrivedhome,he(finish)allhishomework.12．Pulitzerquicklybecameasuccessfuljournalistandbytheageof25,he(become)apublisher.13．HebecameanAmericancitizenin1860s.Bythenhe(learn)verylittleEnglish.14．Itwasthelasttimethathe(meet)hisfather.15．Assoonashesawthephotos,herealizedwhyhe(fail)tospotthecaldera.16．-Peter,wheredidyouguysgoforthesummervacation?-We(be)busywithourworkformonths,sowewenttothebeachtorelaxourselves.17．HardlyIlefthomewhenitrained.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）18．Itwasthesecondtimethathe(win)thegoldmedalinthegames.19．—Whatwereyouuptowhenhewenttoseeyou?—I(watch)TVforamomentand(do)somehousework.20．Catherinecamehomehappily,whichsuggestedthatshe(pass)thefinalexam.21．Whenthereporterinterviewedhim,hesaidthatitwashisparents’highexpectationsthat(put)pressureonhimtostudyhardinthepastthreeyears.22．Bythetimethemessengerreachedhim,thedamage(happen).23．Byabout6000BC,people(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraisebeforetheylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons.24．Asthingsdidn’tworkoutthewaywe(plan),wefoundourselvestryingtoforcethemandstrugglingtofinishthem.25．（2023秋·遼寧·高一遼河油田第二高級(jí)中學(xué)?？计谀〩arryhadcarefullyboughtand(wrap)presentsforMarktogivethechildren.26．（2023春·高一課時(shí)練習(xí)）Thepolicearrestedthemanwho(break)intoajewelleryshop.27．（2023·全國(guó)·高一專題練習(xí)）BythetimeIarrivedathome,Cathy(stuff)herselfwithbreadandbutter.28．（2023秋·廣東東莞·高二統(tǒng)考期末）Bytheendoflastmonth,China(build)1.7million5Gbasestations.29．（2022·廣東深圳·?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）I(intend)tocomeovertoseeyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingsobytheheavyrain.30．（2022秋·廣東東莞·高二校考期中）Itwasthefirsttimethatshe(chat)onlineinEnglish.31．（2022秋·全國(guó)·高三專題練習(xí)）Ifhe(slip)andfallen,hewouldhavedied.32．（2021春·高一課前預(yù)習(xí)）Byabout6,000BC,people(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.

33．Bythetimeshegottotheschool,thefirstlesson(start).34．Writingoutalltheinvitationsbyhandwasmoretime-consumingthanwe(assume)previously.35．Bythattime,thefire(extend)tothe15thfloor.36．They(justget)homewhenitbegantorain.37．I(notunderstand)theproblemuntiltheteacherexplainedit.38．Whatdifferedfromthepreviouscasewasthatthesuspect(destroy)thedatabaseandthecorrespondingdata.39．ThiswasthefirsttimethatI(come)toyourhometown.40．Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey(know)whathappenedtohim.41．Thegirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervousbecauseshe(notfly)before.42．Theparticipantwasbannedfromthecompetitionbecausehe(use)genedope.43．Wefinishedlaterthanwe(intend).44．IwishIatmysister’sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.45．ByApril,2019,theBDSsystem(serve)morethan50,000piecesofagriculturalmachinery,saving10percentoffuel.46．Bythetimehewasateenager,he(win)areputationasawonderfulyoungmusician.47．Hewalkedslowlyasifhe(hurt)hisleg.48．He(learn)EnglishforfiveyearsbeforehemovedtoAustralia.49．Someofmyfriendswho(be)therebeforesaiditwasawonderfulholidaydestination.50．Shehardly(begin)tospeakwhentherewasashoutfromthehall.51．Itwasthethirdtimethatwe(do)theexperiment.52．Ididn'tgotoseethefilmlastweekbecauseI（see）ittwice.53．Bytheendoflastweek,we(drill)thiswellforayearandahalf.54．Susan(quit)herwell-paidjobandwasworkingasavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.55．（2023秋·高一課前預(yù)習(xí)）Ididn’tmeethim.HewhenIgotthere.(leave)56．（2022春·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）WewereastonishedtoknowthattheSmiths（adopt）fivechildrenfromothercountries.57．（2022春·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）I（expect）toseeyou,butyoudidn’tshowup.58．（2022春·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）Hetoldmethatitwasthefirsttimethathe（earn）moneyonhisown.59．（2022春·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）I(think)youwouldcomethenextday,butyoudidn’t.60．（2023秋·全國(guó)·高三專題練習(xí)）Itwasthethirdtimeoneofhiscars(go)upinflames.參考答案：1．hadboarded【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：與此同時(shí)，其余已登機(jī)的乘客被迫下機(jī)，并再次經(jīng)過(guò)安全檢查點(diǎn)。設(shè)空處為現(xiàn)在像第一次的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作為wereforcedtodisembarkandgothroughsecuritycheckpointsagain，“被迫下機(jī)并再次安檢”發(fā)生在過(guò)去，“已登記”則發(fā)生在“被迫下機(jī)并再次安檢”之前，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadboarded。2．hadleft【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在我到達(dá)之前，父親已經(jīng)出差去倫敦了，所以我沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到他。leavefor意為“前往，起程去”。根據(jù)“Ididn’tseehim”可知，說(shuō)明父親動(dòng)身去倫敦發(fā)生在我到達(dá)之前，“arrival”這個(gè)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去，故“l(fā)eaveforLondon”發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadleft。3．hadrepaired【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：埃瑪看到她修好的洗衣機(jī)又壞了，感到非常失望。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，從句表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadrepaired。4．hadworked【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：史密斯先生來(lái)中國(guó)之前在一家汽車(chē)廠工作了十年。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞work動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句謂語(yǔ)cameto動(dòng)作之前，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去，work用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadworked。5．hadraised【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到上個(gè)月底，簡(jiǎn)已經(jīng)為那個(gè)可憐的生病的男孩籌集了足夠的錢(qián)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Bytheendoflastmonth”可知，此處表示在過(guò)去的上個(gè)月之前已經(jīng)完成的行為，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，空處應(yīng)用haddone的形式。故填hadraised。6．hadscored【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)我打開(kāi)電視的時(shí)候，梅西已經(jīng)進(jìn)了兩個(gè)球。設(shè)空處為謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上文可知謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故填hadscored。7．haddone【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她感謝醫(yī)療和護(hù)理團(tuán)隊(duì)為她所做的一切。定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞do動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句wasgratefulfor動(dòng)作之前，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去，do用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填haddone。8．haddone【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：剛到那個(gè)城市時(shí)，我父母經(jīng)常和鄰居聊天，就像他們?cè)谖覀兗亦l(xiāng)那樣。分析句子可知，myparentsoftenhadachatwithneighbours“我父母經(jīng)常和鄰居聊天”的行為發(fā)生在過(guò)去，空處的行為發(fā)生在搬到那個(gè)城市之前，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即haddone。故填haddone。9．hadcollected【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到去年年底，亨利已經(jīng)收集了一千多張明信片。by后跟過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞collect應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadcollected。10．hadtaught【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在我們的英語(yǔ)老師來(lái)到113中學(xué)之前，他已經(jīng)在廣西教了十年英語(yǔ)。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞teach動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句謂語(yǔ)came之前，過(guò)去的過(guò)去，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadtaught。11．hadfinished【詳解】考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意：我到家時(shí)，他已經(jīng)完成了所有的家庭作業(yè)。Bythetime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句使用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前就已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。故填hadfinished。12．hadbecome【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：普利策很快成為一名成功的記者，到25歲時(shí)，他成為了一名出版商。“by+表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間”作狀語(yǔ)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，因此根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“bytheageof25”可知，句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故填hadbecome。13．hadlearned/hadlearnt【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他在19世紀(jì)60年代成為美國(guó)公民。到那時(shí)，他只學(xué)了很少的英語(yǔ)。分析句子可知，此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的填入，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)bythen以及前句的動(dòng)詞became可知，此處應(yīng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示“過(guò)去已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作”。故填hadlearned/learnt。14．hadmet【詳解】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那是他最后一次見(jiàn)到他的父親。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)固定句型“itwasthe+序數(shù)詞+timethat從句”中，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，且meet與句子主語(yǔ)為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填hadmet。15．hadfailed【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他一看到照片，就意識(shí)到自己為什么沒(méi)能發(fā)現(xiàn)火山口。根據(jù)句意以及主句動(dòng)詞realized為一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知，此處從句的動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前，為過(guò)去的過(guò)去，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadfailed。16．hadbeen【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——彼得，你們暑假去哪兒了？——幾個(gè)月來(lái)我們一直忙于工作，所以我們?nèi)ズ┓潘梢幌?。根?jù)formonths時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知，此處為完成時(shí)，結(jié)合句意可知，“很忙”在“去海邊放松”之前，而“去海邊放松”用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)went，所以“很忙”應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)hadbeen。故填hadbeen。17．had【詳解】考查部分倒裝。句意：我剛離開(kāi)家就下雨了。hardly...when...“剛……就……；剛……就……”是固定句型，該句型要求主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，當(dāng)否定副詞hardly置于句首時(shí)，主句要部分倒裝，將助動(dòng)詞had提到主語(yǔ)之前。故填had。18．hadwon【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這是他第二次在比賽中獲得金牌。Itwasthesecondtimethat…是固定句型，從句應(yīng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示“這是某人第二次完成某事”，所以空格處為haddone結(jié)構(gòu)。故填hadwon。19．hadwatchedwasgoingtodo【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——他去看你的時(shí)候你在干什么?——我看了一會(huì)兒電視，正打算做些家務(wù)。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中were和went可知，句子描述過(guò)去的情況，結(jié)合語(yǔ)意以及答語(yǔ)中的and可知，后句描述的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作一前一后發(fā)生，第一空屬于“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即hadwatched，第二空強(qiáng)調(diào)“過(guò)去正要做某事”,需用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是I，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用was，即wasgoingtodo。故填①hadwatched；②wasgoingtodo。20．hadpassed【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：凱瑟琳高高興興地回家了，這說(shuō)明她期末考試及格了?？仗帪橘e語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，suggest作“表明，說(shuō)明”時(shí)其后的賓語(yǔ)從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，空格處的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“回家”之前，表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，為過(guò)去完成時(shí)且動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填hadpassed。21．hadput【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)記者采訪他時(shí)，他說(shuō)，這三年是父母的高期望給了他努力學(xué)習(xí)的壓力。根據(jù)said可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，空格處的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“他說(shuō)”之前，表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填hadput。22．hadhappened【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)信使到達(dá)他的時(shí)候，損壞已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。分析句子可知，此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的填入，由“Bythetime+過(guò)去時(shí)”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知，此處為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)damage和動(dòng)詞happen為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填hadhappened。23．haddiscovered【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：大約在公元前6000年，人們?cè)趯W(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng)季節(jié)之前，已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了最適合種植的作物和最適合飼養(yǎng)的動(dòng)物。由Byabout6000BC時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知，此處動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為完成時(shí)，結(jié)合beforetheylearned可知，此處動(dòng)作應(yīng)為過(guò)去發(fā)生動(dòng)作之前，為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填haddiscovered。24．hadplanned【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)事情沒(méi)有按照我們的計(jì)劃進(jìn)行時(shí)，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正試圖強(qiáng)迫他們并努力完成它們。分析句子可知，空前和空后的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞plan的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在didn’tworkout和found之前，指“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，此處需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填hadplanned。25．wrapped【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：Harry仔細(xì)地挑選并包好了禮物，好讓Mark送給孩子們。這里應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞wrap表示“用……包裹”，而wrap作為謂語(yǔ)與bought并列，其前有助動(dòng)詞had，也要符合過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+過(guò)去分詞，使用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填wrapped。26．hadbroken【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：警察逮捕了那個(gè)闖入珠寶店的人。從句表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadbroken。27．hadstuffed【詳解】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：等我回到家的時(shí)候，凱西已經(jīng)吃了一肚子涂抹黃油的面包，飽飽的了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處作主句謂語(yǔ)；由bythetime引領(lǐng)的狀語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而主句謂語(yǔ)表述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，應(yīng)使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，stuffsbwithsth意為“吃……填飽肚子”，故填hadstuffed。28．hadbuilt【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：截至上月底，中國(guó)已建成170萬(wàn)個(gè)5G基站。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Bytheendoflastmonth”可知此句應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填hadbuilt。29．hadintended【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我本打算來(lái)看你的，但因?yàn)橄麓笥甓茨艹尚?。hadintendedtodo…表示“原打算干……”。當(dāng)表達(dá)某人過(guò)去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“計(jì)劃”、“想法”、“許諾”等時(shí)，expect,hope,intend,mean,plan,promise,suppose,think,want等謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算和意圖。根據(jù)句意，故填hadintended。30．hadchatted【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和固定句型。句意：這是她第一次用英語(yǔ)在網(wǎng)上聊天。Itisthefirsttime+that從句，從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；Itwasthefirsttime+that從句，從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故填hadchatted。31．hadslipped【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果他滑倒了，他會(huì)死的。由wouldhavedied和句意可知，句子是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，且表示與過(guò)去相反的事實(shí)，if從句中時(shí)態(tài)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故填hadslipped。32．haddiscovered【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：大約在公元前6000年，人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了最適宜種植的莊稼和最適宜飼養(yǎng)的牲畜?！癰y＋過(guò)去時(shí)間”意為“到……為止”，表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。后面的句子應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)和提示詞之間是“主動(dòng)關(guān)系”。故填haddiscovered。33．hadstarted【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)她到達(dá)學(xué)校時(shí)，第一節(jié)課已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。由“Bythetimeshegottotheschool”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，空格處用haddone，故填hadstarted。34．hadassumed【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：手寫(xiě)所有邀請(qǐng)函比我們之前想象的要耗時(shí)?？仗帪閺木渲^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，assume發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞was之前，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadassumed。35．hadextended【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：那時(shí)，大火已經(jīng)蔓延到15樓。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Bythattime可知，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意，故填hadextended。36．hadjustgot【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和固定句型。句意：他們剛剛到家突然就開(kāi)始下雨了。此句考查固定句型hadjustdonesth...when...，表示“剛剛做完某事，突然……”。begantorain用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，gethome發(fā)生在下雨之前，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadjustgot。37．hadnotunderstood【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：直到老師解釋了這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我才明白它。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)意可知，此處意為“沒(méi)有明白”，根據(jù)until所引導(dǎo)的從句句意可知，空處動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前，故空處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故空處應(yīng)填hadnotunderstood。故填hadnotunderstood。38．haddestroyed【詳解】考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意：與前一案件不同的是，嫌疑犯已經(jīng)銷毀了數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)。分析句子可知，空處為表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意可知，destory的動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作was之前已經(jīng)完成了，表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，thesuspect與destory之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填haddestoryed。39．hadcome【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這是我第一次來(lái)你的家鄉(xiāng)。此處為句型this/itwasthefirsttimethat+過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadcome。40．haveknown【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：他的父母看起來(lái)都很傷心。也許他們知道他出了什么事。根據(jù)句意可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)“過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)于現(xiàn)在的影響”，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)為they，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用原形。故填haveknown。41．hadnotflown【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在飛機(jī)上坐在我旁邊的女孩非常緊張，因?yàn)樗郧皼](méi)有坐過(guò)飛機(jī)。根據(jù)句意可知，notfly的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“wasverynervous”這個(gè)動(dòng)作之前，因此空格處用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此空格處是hadnotflown。故填hadnotflown。42．hadused【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這名參與者因使用基因興奮劑而被禁止參加比賽。從句表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadused。43．hadintended【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們比預(yù)期的完成的晚。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查比較句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadintended。44．hadbeen【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：我希望上周二我參加了我姐姐的婚禮，但那時(shí)我正在紐約出差。wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)astTuesday”可知，空處表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadbeen。45．hadserved【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：截至2019年4月，北斗系統(tǒng)已服務(wù)超過(guò)5萬(wàn)臺(tái)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械，節(jié)省10%的燃料。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)byApril2019意為“截止到2019年4月”，其表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadserved。46．hadwon【詳解】考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意：到他十幾歲的時(shí)候，他已經(jīng)贏得了杰出青年音樂(lè)家的聲譽(yù)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Bythetimehewasateenager可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadwon。47．hadhurt【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他走得很慢，好像腿受傷了?？仗幾鲝木涞闹^語(yǔ)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，動(dòng)作hurt發(fā)生在walked之前，表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone，hurt的過(guò)去分詞與原形相同，故填hadhurt。48．hadlearnt【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在他搬到澳大利亞之前，他已經(jīng)學(xué)了五年英語(yǔ)。根據(jù)“beforehemovedtoAustralia.”可知，搬到澳大利亞是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，在此之前表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadlearnt。49．hadbeen【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我一些以前去過(guò)那兒的朋友說(shuō)它是一個(gè)極好的度假勝地。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處在who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ)。結(jié)合句意，“bethere”發(fā)生在said之前，said為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，所以“bethere”表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。故填hadbeen。50．hadbegun【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：她剛開(kāi)始說(shuō)話，大廳里就傳來(lái)一聲喊叫?？仗幦敝^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，分析句子可知她剛開(kāi)始說(shuō)話，就傳來(lái)了喊叫，說(shuō)話動(dòng)作發(fā)生在喊叫之前，whentherewasashoutfromthehall用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故空處用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；故填hadbegun。51．haddone【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這是我們第三次做實(shí)驗(yàn)。Itis/was+序數(shù)詞+time(that)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在完成/過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)為固定句型，意為“是某人第幾次做某事”，其中that用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，且可以省略，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。故填haddone。52．hadseen【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：上周我沒(méi)去看這部電影，因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)看了兩遍了。分析句子可知，該句主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句根據(jù)句意可知，動(dòng)作為過(guò)去的過(guò)去，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadseen。53．haddrilled【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到上周末為止，我們鉆這口井已經(jīng)一年半了。分析句子可知，提示詞是句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與主語(yǔ)we之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Bytheendoflastweek(到上周末為止)”可知，講述“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。故填haddrilled。54．hadquit【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：去年我去拜訪蘇珊的時(shí)候，她已經(jīng)辭去了收入豐厚的工作，在街區(qū)做志愿者。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，設(shè)空處的動(dòng)詞quit發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作visited之前，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。quit與邏輯主語(yǔ)Susan之間為主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填hadquit。55．hadleft【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我沒(méi)有遇見(jiàn)他。我到那兒的時(shí)候他已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。根據(jù)“Ididn’tmeethim”可知，他離開(kāi)發(fā)生在“我”到達(dá)之前，是指在另一個(gè)過(guò)去行動(dòng)之前就已經(jīng)完成了的事件，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadleft。56．hadadopted【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：得知史密斯一家從其他國(guó)家領(lǐng)養(yǎng)了五個(gè)孩子，我們感到驚訝。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由前文wereastonished以及結(jié)合句意可知，這里應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，且adopt與主語(yǔ)theSmiths是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填hadadopted。57．hadexpected【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我原以為會(huì)見(jiàn)到你，但你沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)。由動(dòng)詞expect“期望”以及轉(zhuǎn)折句中的didn’t可知，此處為對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，為haddone結(jié)構(gòu)。故填hadexpected。58．hadearned【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他告訴我這是他第一次自己掙錢(qián)。分析句子可知，本句為itwasthefirsttimethat+過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadearned。59．hadthought【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我原以為你第二天會(huì)來(lái)，但你沒(méi)有來(lái)。分析句子可知含有省略引導(dǎo)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用了wouldcome，所以主句也使用某種過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，結(jié)合后半句中的didn’t，可知表示“原以為”，發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadthought。60．hadgone【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和固定句型。句意：這是他的汽車(chē)第三次著火了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。Itwasthethirdtimethat…意為“這是某人第三次做……”，為固定句型，that從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填hadgone。U2Grammarandusage&Integratedskills必備知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單句填空1.Thespeedofcarsandtrucksis(limit)to30kilometersperhourinsomelargecities.

2.(2019·北京卷,閱讀理解)Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoo(gradually)andunnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.

3.Afteronlyonegame,thechesschampionhadthemeasureofhisyoung(oppose).

4.Thecourseismadeupof12two-hour(session).

5.Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearit(perform)liveisanother.

6.Shestartedtogetareputationasan(selfish)girlwithaheartofgold.

7.Thistennistournamentisopentoboth(amateur)andprofessionals.

8.timegoeson,herealizedtheimportanceofhealth.

9.Iwascalledintomyboss’sofficeandwastoldthatI(lay)offduetotheeconomy.

10.TeachingwasaprofessionIhadneverseriouslyconsidered,thoughseveralofmystories(publish).

Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)填空indetail,getthrough,clearup,reflecton,inpraiseof,beawareof,sumup,pickup,walkonair,(keepsth)inperspective1.theeffortsmadebythepolice,afantasticperformancewillbeputontomorrow.

2.Youshouldthisproblembeforeyoumakeadecision.

3.Whenaskedwhytheexperimentfailed,hekepttheissue.

4.Icouldn’ttohimbecausehistelephonewasoutofordernowandthen.

5.Shethepresident’sspeechinthreesentences.

6.Mrs.Smithfindsithardtothemess,asherchildrenarealwaysinthewaywhenevershetriesto.

7.Youcan’tgooutsideuntilyouyourroom.I’mtiredoftidyingupafteryou.

8.Inordertodeliveraclearpresentation,Islowlyexplainedthetraditionalprocedureofmakingtea.

9.Onthelastdayofschool,allthechildrenare.

10.Idon’tthinkyouhowmuchmoneysuchaprojectwouldtaketocomplete.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.即使被邀請(qǐng),他也不會(huì)來(lái)我們的聚會(huì)。Hewon’tcometoourparty.

2.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷,語(yǔ)法填空)它們是很好的禮物,你會(huì)經(jīng)?？吹剿鼈儽患t包和好運(yùn)的信息裝飾著。Theymakegreatgiftsandyouredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

3.她的滑稽動(dòng)作讓我意識(shí)到我是被小事逼瘋了。HeranticshelpedmerealizeIcrazybysmallthings.

4.人們說(shuō)現(xiàn)在那里有毒品在出售或交易。Peoplesaiddrugsortradedtherenow.

5.不管他成功或失敗,我們都應(yīng)盡自己的一分力量去幫助他。,weshalldoourparttohelphim.

能力素養(yǎng)提升練Ⅳ.閱讀理解A(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.1.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.2.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It’smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It’slesschallengingphysically.C.It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.3.WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts’opinions.B.Havingamedicalcheckup.C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D.Doingregularexercises.4.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical. B.Objective.C.Tolerant. D.Conservative.BWhenIwasakid,Iwasthegirlwhokeptthetrainingwheelsonmybikeaslongaspossible.Evenmyyoungersisterhadgotridofthemmuchearlierthanme.ButasIbegantogrowolder,thischanged.AllthishappenedontheBikeSafetyDay.Itissupposedtobeafundayatschoolwhenallofuskidsbringourbikestoschoolandtheschoolprovidesuswiththeopportunitytorideoutsideandlearnproperbikesafety.Soundslikefun,right?No.Infact,itcausedmetopanic.WhatwasIgoingtosaywhenmyfriendsaskedmeaboutmytrainingwheels?Withthepressureofeveryoneseeingmytrainingwheels,Ideterminedtoletthemgo.ThiswasthefirstbigchangeI’devermadeonmyown.Iwenttomyparentsandtoldthemallaboutmydilemma.Theyweremorethanhappytohelp.Wewentoutsideandgotmybike.Insteadofrunningawayandhidingbehind,Istoodinfrontofmybikeandtookgreatprideinmydecisionasmydadremovedthetrainingwheels.Igotonandsteadiedmyself.Myheartracedbutmyfeetandhandswerecalm.MydadstartedtopushbeforemyfeetevenmovedandsuddenlyIwasoff.Thefearfadedawayandarelaxedmindcameintoitsplace.ItwascrazytothinkhowquicklyIlearnedsomethingthattooksolongformetoeventry!Myconfidencesoared(高漲).Thiswasgoingtobethestartofabrandnewworldforme.Myaccomplishmentwouldcarrymeforthtonewgoalsandwins.IrealizedthatifIsetmymindondoingsomething,Icouldachieveit.5.WhatdoestheschoolexpectthestudentstodoonBikeSafetyDay?A.Havetheirbikeschecked.B.Rideoutsideforfun.C.Acquirebikesafetyskills.D.Removethetrainingwheels.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph3referto?A.Theauthor’sfriends. B.Theauthor’sparents.C.Thesafetyproblems. D.Thetrainingwheels.7.Whathappenedwhentheauthorfinallyrodewithoutthetrainingwheels?A.Shefeltextremelyembarrassed.B.Everythingturnedouttobeeasy.C.Sheendedupfallingdown.D.Hersistersfollowedherexample.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisnecessaryforhertoachieveagoal?A.Patience. B.Determination.C.Pressure. D.Concentration.Ⅴ.完形填空WhenIwasayoungboy,ourwholefamilylivedinmyNana’soldhouserightbesideasetofrailroadtracks.Icanrememberthewholehousewould1whenthetrainspassedby.Ioftenspentmysummerafternoonswalkingdownthe2.IcanrememberthefirsttimeItriedto3myselfandwalkona(n)4rail.Thesteelrailwasverynarrowandquite5soIdidn’thavemuchsuccess.FirstItriedholdingmyarmsoutand6myfeetasIwalked.Thisonlyledtomefallingoffafterafewsteps.I7towalkbackwardsoncebutquicklyslippedoff.ItwasonlywhenIstartedlooking8thatIwasabletowalktherails.

LookingbackonthistimeInow9thatitalsogavemeawonderfullessonabout10.Youcan’tgothroughlifewatchingevery11youtakeorchoiceyoumake.Thisonlyleadsto12yourselfandyousoongoofftherails.Lookingbehindyouiseven13.Onlywhenyoulookaheadcanyoureally14forwardandseethelifeyouwanttolead.Thenyouwillwalkonwithalight15.

1.A.collapseB.shakeC.breakD.burn2.A.tracks B.road C.train D.farm3.A.entertain B.testC.balance D.help4.A.dirty B.old C.black D.single5.A.long B.hard C.slippery D.safe6.A.watching B.swingingC.raising D.dragging7.A.prepared B.started C.offered D.decided8.A.up B.ahead C.down D.aside9.A.realize B.suggest C.comment D.declare10.A.studying B.livingC.travelling D.playing11.A.action B.chance C.step D.risk12.A.helping B.supportingC.believing D.doubting13.A.worse B.better C.easier D.messier14.A.look B.put C.move D.bend15.A.atmosphere B.heartC.tone D.taskⅥ.語(yǔ)篇填空Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears1.(long)thannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong2.(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof3.(die)earlybyrunning.

Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit4.(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife5.walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin20146.showedamerefivetotenminutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall7.(cause).

Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...it’sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto8.(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit’salways9.(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive10.atry.

參考答案Ⅰ.1.limited2.gradual3.opponent4.sessions5.beingperformed6.unselfish7.amateurs8.As9.wasbeinglaid10.hadbeenpublishedⅡ.1.Inpraiseof2.reflecton3.inperspective4.getthrough5summedup6.clearup7.pickup8.indetail9.walkingonair10.areawareofⅢ.1.evenifinvited2.seethemmanytimesdecoratedwith3.hadbeendriven4.wasbeingsold5.WhetherhesucceedsorfailsⅣ.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了競(jìng)走運(yùn)動(dòng)及其與跑步的不同之處。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中的“Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontactwiththegroundatalltimes.”可知,競(jìng)走必須遵循特殊規(guī)則。故選C項(xiàng)。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中的“...someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.”可知,與跑步相比,競(jìng)走的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于它不大可能使膝蓋受傷。故選D項(xiàng)。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中的“Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique...”可知,Dr.Norberg對(duì)于想嘗試競(jìng)走運(yùn)動(dòng)的人的建議是咨詢專業(yè)人士的意見(jiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。4.B推理判斷題。通讀全文,作者介紹了競(jìng)走這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的特點(diǎn):需要遵循一定規(guī)則;膝蓋較少受傷,但會(huì)對(duì)腳踝和臀部造成壓力;如果想從事這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng),尚需專業(yè)人士指導(dǎo)。由此可推斷,作者對(duì)待競(jìng)走的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選B項(xiàng)?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者小時(shí)候遲遲不敢去掉自行車(chē)的穩(wěn)定輪,在學(xué)?！白孕熊?chē)安全日”來(lái)臨之前因?yàn)楹ε峦瑢W(xué)看見(jiàn)她的穩(wěn)定輪而最終下定決心去掉了它們。5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“...theschoolprovidesuswiththeopportunitytorideoutsideandlearnproperbikesafety.”可知,學(xué)校想讓學(xué)生在“自行車(chē)安全日”學(xué)會(huì)一些自行車(chē)安全技能,故選C項(xiàng)。6.D代詞指代題。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及畫(huà)線單詞所在句的前半部分“Withthepressureofeveryoneseeingmytrainingwheels...”可知,作者迫于害怕別人看見(jiàn)自己的自行車(chē)穩(wěn)定輪的壓力才決心去掉它們,故畫(huà)線單詞指的就是“穩(wěn)定輪”,故選D項(xiàng)。7.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句可知,長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不敢嘗試的東西,作者竟然學(xué)得很快,由此可推知,只要努力嘗試,就沒(méi)有解決不了的難事,故選B項(xiàng)。8.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知,作者意識(shí)到如果自己下定決心做一件事的話,自己就會(huì)做到。由此可推知,作者認(rèn)為對(duì)于她來(lái)說(shuō)實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵在于決心,故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅴ.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過(guò)小時(shí)候走鐵軌認(rèn)識(shí)到,生活中不能看著你走的每一步,擔(dān)心你做的每一個(gè)選擇,不能總是回頭看,只有向前看,你才能真正前進(jìn)。1.B根據(jù)常識(shí)和“ourwholefamilylivedinmyNana’soldhouserightbesideasetofrailroadtracks”可知,作者的家住在火車(chē)鐵軌附近,所以每當(dāng)火車(chē)經(jīng)過(guò),房子都會(huì)晃動(dòng)。collapse崩潰;shake搖晃;break打破;burn燃燒。故選B項(xiàng)。2.A根據(jù)后文“IcanrememberthefirsttimeItriedtomyselfandwalkona(n)rail”可知,作者記得第一次嘗試在鐵軌上走路的經(jīng)歷,故而可以判斷此處說(shuō)作者經(jīng)常在鐵軌上走。track軌道;road道路;train火車(chē);farm農(nóng)場(chǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)。

3.C作者在鐵軌上走路,因此需要平衡身體。entertain款待;test測(cè)驗(yàn);balance平衡;help幫助。故選C項(xiàng)。4.D根據(jù)“Thesteelrailwasverynarrow”可知,鐵軌很窄,所以此處是走在單一的軌道上。single單一的。故選D項(xiàng)。5.C根據(jù)“butquicklyslippedoff”可知,作者之所以沒(méi)成功是因?yàn)殍F軌很窄,而且很滑。slippery滑的。故選C項(xiàng)。6.A根據(jù)后文“myfeet”和“ItwasonlywhenIstartedlooking”可推知,作者一開(kāi)始眼睛是看著腳底下走路的。swing搖擺;raise舉起;drag拖,拉。故選A項(xiàng)。7.D根據(jù)“Thisonlyledtomefallingoffafterafewsteps”可知,之前的失敗讓作者決定往后走。故選D項(xiàng)。8.B根據(jù)后文“Onlywhenyoulookaheadcanyoureallyforwardandseethelifeyouwanttolead.”可知,此處指的是作者看著前方向前走,故選B項(xiàng)。

9.A根據(jù)“italsogavemeawonderfullesson”可知,作者通過(guò)走鐵軌的經(jīng)歷意識(shí)到了生活也是如此。realize意識(shí);suggest建議;comment評(píng)論;declare宣布。故選A項(xiàng)。10.B根據(jù)后文“Youcan’tgothroughlifewatchingeveryyoutakeorchoiceyoumake.”可知,在生活中不能只盯著腳下的路,故此處作者指的是關(guān)于生活的一課,故選B項(xiàng)。

11.Ctakeeverystep,指你走的每一步。action行動(dòng);chance機(jī)會(huì);step步驟;risk危險(xiǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。12.D根據(jù)“andyousoongoofftherails”可知,很快就會(huì)脫軌,故而是懷疑自己。doubt懷疑。故選D項(xiàng)。13.A根據(jù)前文“Itowalkbackwardsoncebutquicklyslippedoff.”可知,往后走很快就掉下來(lái),故而指的是生活中往回看只會(huì)更糟糕。故選A項(xiàng)。

14.C根據(jù)“Onlywhenyoulookahead”可知,只有往前看你才能向前進(jìn)。故選C項(xiàng)。15.B根據(jù)前文“seethelifeyouwanttolead”,只有前行你才能看到你想過(guò)的生活,故而才會(huì)帶著輕松的心前行。atmosphere氣氛;heart心;tone語(yǔ)氣;task任務(wù)。故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅵ.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。根據(jù)一份對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)期刊上證據(jù)的回顧,跑步者比不跑步者可多活三年。你可以通過(guò)跑步來(lái)降低早亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。1.longer考查比較等級(jí)。根據(jù)后面的than可知,所填的詞要用比較級(jí)。2.tosee考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子成分可知,所填的詞作目的狀語(yǔ),所以用動(dòng)詞不定式。3.dying考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。of是介詞,后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用-ing形式。4.is考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句子的主語(yǔ)是it,時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以填is。5.than考查連詞。根據(jù)前面的moreeffecti