中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)-語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)-語(yǔ)法九-動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)市賽課公開課一等獎(jiǎng)省名師獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

安徽語(yǔ)法九動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)1/642/64考點(diǎn)一常見易混動(dòng)詞辨析1．spend/pay/cost/take表示“花費(fèi)”spend主語(yǔ)是人，指花費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢。spend...on...;spend...(in)doingsth.pay主語(yǔ)是人，指花費(fèi)金錢。pay...for...＝spend...oncost主語(yǔ)是物或某種活動(dòng)，指花費(fèi)金錢或其它代價(jià)。sth.cost(s)(sb.)．..take多用it作形式主語(yǔ)，指花費(fèi)時(shí)間。Ittakessb....todosth.＝Sb.spend(s)...(in)doingsth.3/64Momneverspendsanymoneyonherself.媽媽從來(lái)都不在自己身上花錢。MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextweek.你能借給我12塊錢嗎？我下周還你。Itwon'tcostyouapennyforthefirstsixmonths.開始六個(gè)月你不用花一分錢。Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他們用三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。4/642．look/watch/see/read表示“看”look看(動(dòng)作)；可單獨(dú)成句；lookat...watch看(電視、比賽)；注視see看見(結(jié)果)；探望；了解(Isee.)read看(書、報(bào))；讀；讀懂他人內(nèi)心5/64★look能夠表示“看上去”，是感官系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞。★看病(看醫(yī)生)用seeadoctor表示。6/643．speak/say/talk/tell表示“說”speak講話；說(某種語(yǔ)言)say說(內(nèi)容)；寫有talk談?wù)?；talkaboutsth.;talkto/withsb.tell告訴；講述；tellsb.(not)todosth.7/644.感官系動(dòng)詞look/taste/sound/feel/smelllook看起來(lái)(視覺)taste嘗起來(lái)(味覺)sound聽起來(lái)(聽覺)feel摸起來(lái)(觸覺)smell聞起來(lái)(嗅覺)8/645.borrow/lend/keep表示“借”borrow借用；borrowsth.fromsb.lend借給；lendsth.tosb.keep借用若干時(shí)間；keep...for2days9/646.hope/wish/expecthope希望；hopetotosth.;hope＋that從句wish希望、希望；wishtodosth.;wishsb.todosth.;wish＋that從句expect期待、期望；

expecttodosth.;expectsb.todosth.10/647.forget/leaveforget表示“忘記”時(shí)，forget通常不能與表示地點(diǎn)副詞或短語(yǔ)連用leave在表示“遺忘”時(shí)，通常要與表示地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)連用11/648.hear/listen/soundhear聽見；hear＋名詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)聽結(jié)果)listen聽；listento＋名詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)聽過程)sound聽起來(lái)；sound＋形容詞(強(qiáng)調(diào)聽效果)12/649.wear/puton/dress/beinwear“穿著；戴著”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)，wear后可接穿戴東西，包含眼鏡、首飾等puton“穿上；戴上”，指“穿”動(dòng)作，反義詞為“takeoff”dress“穿衣”，是及物動(dòng)詞，后接人作賓語(yǔ)，意為“給某人穿衣服”；dressonself“打扮；給自己穿衣服”bein表示狀態(tài)，后接衣服，也可接表顏色詞13/6410.reach/get/arrivereach“抵達(dá)”，是及物動(dòng)詞(比get更正式)，其后可直接接地點(diǎn)名詞作賓語(yǔ)(不能用介詞)get“抵達(dá)”，不及物動(dòng)詞，之后通常接介詞toarrive“抵達(dá)”，不及物動(dòng)詞，之后通常接介詞at(普通用于較小地方)或in(普通用于較大地方)14/641．(·廣東普寧模擬)Idon'tknowtherestaurant,butit's

tobequiteagoodone.A．said B．told C．spoken D．talked15/642．(·廣西貴港港南二模)—Howmuchmoneydidhe

youyesterday?—500yuan.ItoldhimIwouldreturnittohiminthreeweeks.A．give B．borrow C．lend D．make16/643．(·山東東營(yíng)廣饒模擬)IreallyenjoythefreshfishsoupinLanhaiInternationalHotel.It

delicious.A．feels B．sounds C．smells D．tastes17/644．(·甘肅定西中考改編)—Ican'tfindmyEnglishtextbook.—Isitpossiblethatyou

itathome?A．lost B．saw C．left D．forgot18/64考點(diǎn)二動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析?？紕?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析有三種：第一個(gè)是同一動(dòng)詞不一樣搭配；第二種是同一副詞或介詞與不一樣動(dòng)詞搭配；第三種是完全不一樣動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。19/641．同一動(dòng)詞不一樣搭配(1)look短語(yǔ)lookafter照料；照料 lookat看lookfor尋找；尋求 lookforwardto期望；期待lookout注意；當(dāng)心；向外看lookthrough快速查看；瀏覽lookup(在詞典、參考書中或經(jīng)過電腦)查閱；抬頭看lookupto欽佩；仰慕20/64(2)cut短語(yǔ)cutdown砍倒 cutoff切除cutout刪除；刪去 cutup切碎(3)run短語(yǔ)runafter追逐；追趕 runaway跑開runout(of)用盡；耗盡21/64(4)turn短語(yǔ)turndown調(diào)低 turnup調(diào)高turn...into變成turnon接通(電流、煤氣、水等)；打開turnoff關(guān)掉 turnleft/right向左/右轉(zhuǎn)22/64(5)take短語(yǔ)takeafter(外貌或行為)像 takecareof照料；處理takedown拆除；往下拽；統(tǒng)計(jì)takein吸入；吞入(體內(nèi))takeoff脫下；起飛takeplace發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)takeup(尤指為消遣)學(xué)著做；開始做23/64(6)get短語(yǔ)getdressed穿上衣服 getinto陷入；參加getlost迷路getoff下車geton上車getonwith與……相處 getup起床；站起24/64(7)use短語(yǔ)be/getusedto習(xí)慣于beusedtodo被用來(lái)做……usedto曾經(jīng)……；過去……25/64(8)give短語(yǔ)giveaway贈(zèng)予；捐贈(zèng) giveout分發(fā)；散發(fā)giveup放棄 givein屈服giveoff發(fā)出(光、氣味等)；長(zhǎng)出(枝、杈等)26/64(9)call短語(yǔ)call(sb.)back(給某人)回電話callin召來(lái)；叫來(lái)callup打電話給(某人)；征召27/64(10)come短語(yǔ)cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)；成為現(xiàn)實(shí)comeupwith想出；提出(主意、計(jì)劃、回答等)28/64(11)bring短語(yǔ)bringback恢復(fù)；使想起；償還bringout使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出bringup養(yǎng)育；撫養(yǎng)29/64(12)fall短語(yǔ)fallasleep進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)；睡著falldown突然倒下；跌倒；坍毀fallinlovewith愛上；喜歡上fallover絆倒30/64(13)go短語(yǔ)goalong(thestreet)沿著(這條街)走gooff(鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲 goout外出(娛樂)31/64(14)make短語(yǔ)makesure確保；查明makeup編造(故事、謊言等)

makeadecision做決定makefunof取笑 makeuseof利用32/64(15)put短語(yǔ)puton增加(體重)；發(fā)胖 putoff推遲putup搭建；舉起；張貼 putaway收拾(整理)好putsth.togooduse好好利用某物putout熄滅(16)set短語(yǔ)setout出發(fā)；啟程setup建起；建立33/642．同一副詞或介詞與不一樣動(dòng)詞搭配(1)up短語(yǔ)cheerup(使)變得更高興；振奮起來(lái)cleanup清掃(或去除)潔凈dressup裝扮；喬裝打扮endup最終成為；最終處于34/64fixup修理；裝飾 growup長(zhǎng)大；成熟hurryup趕快；急忙 pickup撿起；接電話showup趕到；露面 stayup熬夜wakeup醒；叫醒35/64(2)out短語(yǔ)blowout吹滅 checkout察看；觀察clearout清理；丟掉 findout查明；搞清handout分發(fā)hangout閑逛；常去某處layout擺開；布置leaveout不包含；不提及；忽略sellout賣光workout成功地發(fā)展；處理36/64(3)down短語(yǔ)diedown逐步變?nèi)?；逐步消失let...down使失望 liedown躺下pull...down拆下；摧毀 lookdown瞧不起writedown寫下；統(tǒng)計(jì)下37/64(4)with短語(yǔ)agreewith同意；贊成compare...with比較；對(duì)比connect...with...把……和……連接或聯(lián)絡(luò)起來(lái)dealwith應(yīng)付；處理sharewith分享partwith放棄、交出(尤指不舍得東西)38/643．完全不一樣動(dòng)詞詞組askfor請(qǐng)求；哀求(給予)carefor照料；非常喜歡believein信任；信賴 careabout關(guān)心；在意clean...off把……擦掉dependon依靠；信賴39/64divide...into把……分開separatefrom分開；分離hearfrom接到(某人)信、電話等throwaway扔掉；拋棄dropby順便訪問；隨便進(jìn)入stickto堅(jiān)持；固守 payattentionto注意；關(guān)注passby途經(jīng)；經(jīng)過 payfor付費(fèi)；付出代價(jià)40/64preparefor...為……做準(zhǔn)備pulltogether齊心協(xié)力；通力合作shutoff關(guān)閉；停頓運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)takesb.'splace代替、替換某人位置thinkof認(rèn)為41/641．(·山東臨沂費(fèi)縣一模)Inabasketballgame,it'sveryimportantfortheplayerstoplaytogetherand

thebestineachother.A．handout B．bringoutC．takeout D．leaveout42/642．(·黑龍江哈爾濱道外模擬改編)—Oneofthebiggestproblemsformeisprocrastination(拖延癥).WhatshouldIdo?—

whatyouneedtodofirst,andgoforittoday.A．Watchout B．WorkoutC．Wearout D．Lookout43/643．(·湖北丹江口3月診療)—Becarefulnotto

theletter“b”whenyouspelltheword“climb”．—Thankyouforremindingmeofthat.A．layout B．leaveoutC．bringout D．findout44/644．(·江蘇常州常熟一模)—Excuseme,sir.Butsmokingisnotallowedhere.—Sorry,Ididn'tseethesign.I'll

mycigarette(香煙)atonce.A．putout B．putawayC．putup D．putoff45/645．(·湖北襄陽(yáng)中考)—Mom,canIleavethechorestilltomorrow?—I'mafraidnot.Youcan't

today'sworktilltomorrow.A．putoff B．turndownC．giveaway D．lookup46/646．(·湖北宜昌中考)—We'renotsupposedto

thosewhofailed.—Noonecanbeawinnerallthetime.A．turnout B．laughatC．spreadout D．sharewith47/64考點(diǎn)三情態(tài)動(dòng)詞原形與過去式使用方法例句can/could表示能力(＝beableto)Tomcanswim.＝Tomisabletoswim.(疑問句中)表示請(qǐng)求CanIhelpyou?Couldyougiveusahand？(否定句、疑問句中)表示可能性Canthenewsbetrue?Theboycan'tbeJim.48/64原形與過去式使用方法例句may/might表示可能性(可與maybe互

換)Tonymayknowtheway.＝MaybeTonyknowstheway.表示客氣請(qǐng)求MayIcomein？表示祝福Mayyoubehappy.49/64原形與過去式使用方法例句must表示義務(wù)、命令或要求Wemusttellthetruthtoourparents.表示必定猜測(cè)(否定猜測(cè)用can't)Lisamustbeathome.(推測(cè)現(xiàn)在情況)Youmustbekidding.(推測(cè)現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生)Theymusthaveseenthemovie.(推測(cè)過去情況)50/64原形與過去式使用方法例句shall/should“Shall...？”用于第一人稱表示提提議或請(qǐng)求Shallweasktheteacherforhelp？should用于各種人稱，強(qiáng)調(diào)義務(wù)或責(zé)任Heshouldn'tbesoselfish.will/would用于第二人稱、疑問句中表示征求意見或提提議Will/Wouldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish？will用于各種人稱表示意愿Yourparentswilltrytheirbesttohelpyou.51/641.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去式與原形相比，表示更委婉語(yǔ)氣。2．mustn't表示否定意義，意為“禁止，不允許”。3．haveto有些人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)改變，表示受客觀條件限制，意為“不得不”。Shehastotakethebustowork.她不得不坐公共汽車去上班。52/644．“May...？”句式必定回答是“Yes,...can.”，否定回答是“No,...can't.”。“Must...？”句式必定回答是“Yes,...must.”，否定回答是“No,...needn't./...don'thaveto.”。53/641．(·內(nèi)蒙古通遼中考)Whereareyougoingforyoursummerholidays?I

gotoDalian.Ihaven'tdecided.A．may B．need C．must D．mustn't54/642．(·江蘇鹽城中考)Look,littleJimisswimmingsofast.I

believemyeyes.A．shouldn't B．can'tC．mustn't D．needn't55/643．(·江蘇泰州中考)Tokeepchildrenawayfromdangerduringthecomingsummerholiday,parents

givethemsomesafetytips.A．should B．may C．could D．might56