北京第三十一中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

北京第三十一中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Wehavelearnedfromthestorythat_____ismostvaluableisnot_____wehaveinourlivesbut

_____wehaveinourlives.A.what;that;that

B.What;what;what

C.What;that;what

D.What;what;who參考答案：D2.IntheUSA,25percentofpregnantwomencarryonsmoking,______theyknowthatsmokinginpregnancyisbadfortheirbaby’shealth,beinglinkedwithlowbirthweight,prematurebirthandmiscarriage.A.asif

B.nowthat

C.eventhough

D.sothat參考答案：C3.Johnhadto

allhisbelongingsoutoftheapartmentashefailedtopaytherent．

A．fetch

B．pack

C．bring

D．take參考答案：D4.Foralackofpaper,Anglo–Saxonstoriesandpoemswerepartofalargely

culture.A．moral

B．civil

C．oral

D．loyal參考答案：C5.ThelatestmajordisasterthatoccurredinZhejiangparalyzedtraffic,causedblackoutsand______watersuppliesfordays.

A.cutdown

B.cutoff

C.cutup

D.cutout參考答案：B略6._______theriskshemightface,EdwardSnowden,aformerCIAtechnician,leakedsecretsaboutUSspyingprograms.A.Insteadof B.Forfearof C.Onaccountof D.Inspiteof參考答案：D【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】連詞與介詞解析：A.Insteadof取代，代替B.Forfearof擔(dān)心，害怕C.Onaccountof由于D.Inspiteof盡管句意：盡管愛德華·斯諾登——前中央情報(bào)局技術(shù)員可能面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn),,但還是泄露了美國(guó)的間諜程序。7.Whenyougrowupin___________largefamily，youaremorelikelytodevelop__________abilitytogetonwellwithothers．A．the；the

B．the；a

C．a(chǎn)：a

D．a(chǎn)：the參考答案：D8.Thehouseisdirtybecauseit

sincetheymovedout.A.doesn’tcleanB.isn’tcleaned C.hasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned參考答案：D9.AreportfindsmillionsofchildrenstillaremissingoutonthebenefitsofferedbytheInternetandcallsontheseinequalities________．A.tobeaddressed

B.addressing

C.beingaddressed

D.toaddress參考答案：A10.Theislandis__________attrativeinspringandautumnbecauseofthepleasantweatherinbothseasons.A.partly

B.merely

C.nearly

D.equally參考答案：D解析：考查副詞詞義。只要知道詞義即可選出答案，該題較為簡(jiǎn)單。A,部分的

B只不過C幾乎

D同樣的，相等的。11.Iwenttherein1984,andthatwasthemerelyoccasionwhenI________thejourneyinexactlytwodays.A.musttake B.musthavemade C.wasabletomake D.couldtake參考答案：C12.Weliveinabeautifulcottagewithayard，which______20feetfromsidetoside．（）A．measures B．ismeasuredC．measured D．hasbeenmeasured參考答案：Ameasure表示某物量起來或者測(cè)量結(jié)果為…長(zhǎng)、寬、高時(shí)，用主動(dòng)的形式，描述主語本身的性質(zhì)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且無被動(dòng)．故選擇A．13.---Didyourbossphoneyouagainthenextday?---No,itwasafortnight_______hegavemeasecondcall.A.that

B.before

C.when

D.since參考答案：B14.DespitewhatI’dbeentoldaboutthelocalpeople’sattitudetostrangers,atnotime

anyrudeness.

A.didImeet

B.haveImet

C.Ihadmet

D.Imet參考答案：A略15.WatkinsbelieveshavingpandasinDetroitwouldcreateanatmosphere________AmericacanlearnmoreaboutChina.A.where B.when C.which D.what參考答案：A分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)定語從句,先行詞anatmosphere在此表示抽象的地點(diǎn)概念,空處的意義相當(dāng)于intheatmosphere,在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。故用where引導(dǎo)。16.He_____anovellastyearbutIdon’tknowwhetherhe____it.A.wrote;writes

B.hadwritten;haswrittenC.waswriting;hasfinished

D.haswritten;writes參考答案：C17.Mymomonceworkedinaverysmallvillageschool，whichis________onlyonfoot.A.acceptable

B.adequate

C.accessible

D.appropriate參考答案：C試題分析：考查形容詞。A、acceptable可接受的，B、adequate足夠的，C、accessible可到達(dá)的，易接近的，D、appropriate適當(dāng)?shù)模湟猓何覌寢屧?jīng)在一個(gè)小村子的學(xué)校工作，那只有步行才能到達(dá)。故選C。二、新的題型18.Weeatinourcars，atourdesks，onthego，andinfrontoftheTV．Weeattake-out，packagedandpreparedmeals．WhyBecauseitfitsournot-enough-time-in-the-daylifestyles．36

Well，I'mcertainlynotthefirstonetothinkit—orsayit—butweallneedtoslowdown．Consumertrendsaroundtheglobeshowthatoverthepastthreedecadespeoplearepurchasingmorepreparedfoodsatthegroceryandeatingoutmorethaneverbefore．It’spredictedthatwe’llspendmoreatrestaurantsinthecomingyears．37

However，we’regettinglesshealthy．Whiledebatescanbeseenindifferentmediaoverthefoodindustry’scontributiontoourgrowingwaistlinesandourhealthproblems，thebottomlineisthis：__38

Wecanchoosetoeatafast—foodlunchonthego.Wecanthrowafrozenmealinthemicrowaveandcallitdinner．Wecaneatwithoutthinking，infrontofthetube，atourcomputers，andwhiledrivingacar．

39

．Studieshaveshownmeaningfullinksbetweenfamilymealsandkids’mentalandphysicaIwell—being．Eatingsensiblydoesn’ttakemuchtimeormoney，butitdoesrequireyoutomakeaconsciousdecisiontodoso．Wrappedinendlesswork，appointmentsandsocialactivities，weoftenfailtoenjoyarelaxingmealwithourfamilies．Whileitcanbeachallengetoalwaysputhealthyeatingfirst，justdoyourbest．Rememberthatthefoodyoueathasamoresignificantimpactonyourhealth，weightandwell—beingthanalmostanyotheractivityyoudo.___40

Everymealmadeathome—evenjustonceortwiceaweek—isastepclosertoahealthierbodyandaslowerfoodlifestyle．A．Lunchisthebiggestcalorieintakewhenitcomestoeatingout．B．Treatitwiththeimportancethatitdeserves，butstartsmall．C．Ourfoodmatchesourlives．D．Purchasefoodlocallyandskipasmanypackageditemsasyoucan．E．Whatweeat，whereweeatandhowweeatareallunderourcontrol．F．We’reconsuminganincreasingnumberofcalories．G．Wecandevoteanhourofthedaytoenjoyingamealwithourfamilies．參考答案：36-40.CFEGB36．考查上下文理解和邏輯推理。根據(jù)前面的“Weeatinourcars,atourdesks,onthego,andinfrontoftheTV.Weeattake-out,packagedandpreparedmeals.WhyBecauseitfitsournot-enough-time-in-the-daylifestyles.”可知，隨著人們生活節(jié)奏的加快，人們的飲食習(xí)慣也發(fā)生改變。所以，人們也只能以“快餐”的形式來適應(yīng)這種生活方式。故選C。37．考查上下文理解和邏輯推理。根據(jù)前面的“Consumertrendsaroundtheglobeshowthatoverthepastthreedecadespeoplearepurchasingmorepreparedfoodsatthegroceryandeatingoutmorethaneverbefore.It’spredictedthatwe’llspendmoreatrestaurantsinthecomingyears.”可知，人們?cè)絹碓蕉嗟卦谕饷娉燥垼@些食物并非都健康。所以，這種飲食習(xí)慣消耗的也越來越多。故選F。38．考查上下文理解和邏輯推理?，F(xiàn)代的飲食行業(yè)給人們的健康帶來了很大的負(fù)面影響。根據(jù)前面的“thebottomlineisthis”可知，不管怎么樣“我們”要控制好，為健康考慮。故選E。39．考查上下文理解和邏輯推理。根據(jù)后面的“Studieshaveshownmeaningfullinksbetweenfamilymealsandkids’mentalandphysicalwell—being.”可知，與家人一塊兒吃飯有很大的好處。所以，G項(xiàng)內(nèi)容符合上下文。故選G。40．考查上下文理解和邏輯推理。根據(jù)前后內(nèi)容可知，飲食對(duì)“我們”的健康很重要。作者建議人們盡量在家吃飯。在目前生活節(jié)奏加快的情況下，可以慢慢地改變。故選B?！緜渥ⅰ考尤搿奥尺\(yùn)動(dòng)”，尋回遺失的美好。三、閱讀理解19.Parentstendtofavourchildrenofonesexincertainsituations—orsoevolutionarybiologiststellus.Anewstudyusedcolor1edbackpacksalesdatatoshowthatparentalwealthmayinfluencespendingonsonsdifferentfromdaughters.In1973biologistRobertTriversandcomputerscientistDanWillardpublishedapapersuggestingthatparentsinvest(投入)moreresources,suchasfoodandeffort,inmalechildrenwhentimesaregood,andinfemalechildrenwhentimesarebad.AccordingtotheTrivers-Willardhypothesis(假說),asongivenlotsofresourcescanbecomeagentleman—butparentswithfewresourcestendtoinvestthemindaughters,whogenerallyfinditeasiertobeafairmaiden.Studyingparentalinvestmentafterbirthisdifficult,however.Thenewstudylookedforastandardofmeasurementofsuchinvestmentthatmetseveralcriteria:itshouldn’tbeaffectedbysexdifferencesintheneedforresources;itshouldmeasureinvestmentratherthanoutcomes;anditshouldbeobjective.StudyauthorShigeSong,asociologistatQueensCollege,CityUniversityofNewYork,examinedspendingonpinkandbluebackpackspurchasedinChinain2015fromalargeretailer,JD.com.Henarrowedthedatatoabout5,000bags:bluebackpacksboughtbyfamiliesknowntohaveatleastoneboyandpinkonesboughtbyfamiliesknowntohaveatleastonegirl.Theresultsshowedthatwealthierfamiliesspentmoreonbluethanpinkbackpacks—suggestinggreaterinvestmentinsons.Poorerfamiliesspentmoreonpinkpacksthanblueones.ThefindingswerepublishedinEvolutionandHumanBehavior.Song’sevidencefortheTrivers-Willardhypothesisis“indirect”but“prettyconvincing,”saysRosemaryHopcroft,asociologistatthe.UniversityofNorthCarolinaatCharlotte,whowasnotconnectedwiththenewstudy.Hopcroftreportedin2016thatU.S.fatherswithhigh-statusoccupationsweremorelikelytosendtheirsonstoprivateschoolthantheirdaughters,whilefatherswithlower-statusjobsmoreoftenenrolledtheirfemalechildren.Althoughthenewstudydoesnotprovethefamilieswerebuyingthebluebackpacksforboysandpinkonesforgirls,Hopcroftnotesthat“it’sacleverandinterestingpaper,andit’saratherunusualuseofbigdata.”8.WhatdoesthewriterintendtodoinParagraph2?A.Introduceanearlierstudy.B.Identifychildren’sneeds.C.Assesstheinfluenceofastudy.D.Exploreintoparentalinvestment.9.Whatoffersachallengeforthenewstudy?A.Theinvestmentmeetingseveralcriteria.B.Themeasurementofeventualoutcomes.C.Differentdemandsforresourcesbetweensexes.D.Consistentstandardsinmeasuringparentalinvestment.10.WhatcanbelearnedfromSong’sresearch?A.Thenewstudywasdonein2015.B.Bigdatawassampledforresearch.C.Preferencewasofferedtoconsumers.D.Bluepackswerefavoredoverpinkones.11.WhichofthefollowingislikelytomatchHopcroft’sremarkonSong’sresearch?A.It’sentertaining. B.It’swell-designed.C.It’sunbelievable. D.It’sunusual.參考答案：8.A

9.C

10.B

11.B這是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究利用彩色背包銷售數(shù)據(jù)表明，父母的財(cái)富可能會(huì)影響兒子和女兒的消費(fèi)。而社會(huì)學(xué)家ShigeSong利用大數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查了2015年在中國(guó)從大型零售商京東購(gòu)買的粉色和藍(lán)色背包的消費(fèi)情況。研究結(jié)果顯示，富裕家庭在藍(lán)色背包上的花費(fèi)超過了粉色背包，這表明他們?cè)趦鹤由砩系耐顿Y更多。貧困家庭花在粉色包上的錢比藍(lán)色包多。另一位社會(huì)學(xué)家Hopcroft認(rèn)為Song的研究聰明有趣，對(duì)大數(shù)據(jù)精心了不同尋常的使用。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。第二段第一句In1973biologistRobertTriversandcomputerscientistDanWillard