專八翻譯練習(xí)

專八翻譯練習(xí)：文學(xué)翻譯一起練

Whathadhebeenafraidof,Iasked

myself?That,suddenlyalone,hewould

discoverthatheboredhimself,orthat

therewas,quitesimply,noselfthereto

meet?Buthavingtakentheplunge,heisnow

onthebrinkofadventure;heisabouttobe

launchedintohisowninnerspacetothe

astronaut.Hiseveryperceptionwi11eto

himwithanewfreshnessand,foratime,

seemstartlinglyoriginal.

“他一直在害怕什么呢？”，我問自已。怕

突然一個人呆著會發(fā)現(xiàn)自已厭煩自己，或者怕會

失去自我？但是有了這次償試，他便要開始探險

了。他就要發(fā)射到自已內(nèi)心的宇宙之中。他的所

見所感對他來說將會是全新的，一度會新穎的讓

人驚奇。

TheRewardsofLivingaSolitaryLife

Theotherdayanacquaintanceofmine,a

gregariousandcharmingman,toldmehehad

foundhimselfunexpectedlyaloneinNewYork

foranhourortwobetweenappointments.He

wenttotheWhitney真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

andspentthe"empty"timelookingat

thingsinsolitarybliss.Forhimitproved

tobeashocknearlyasgreatasfallingin

lovetodiscoverthathecouldenjoyhimself

somuchalone.

獨(dú)自生活的報(bào)償

前些日子，我的一個熟人，一位熱愛交際并很受

歡迎的男士告訴我,他在紐約的兩個約會之間偶

然有一兩個小時的空閑，他便去了惠特尼博物

館，四處瀏覽著展品，無比幸福的度過了那些時

光。發(fā)現(xiàn)自已獨(dú)自一人，也能如此的幸福，他感

覺像墜入愛河那般震驚。

專人寫作范文

Neighborsarethepeoplewho1ivenear

us.Inyouropinion,whatarethequalities

ofagoodneighbor?Usespecificdetailsand

examplesinyouranswer.

Ifyouhaveagoodneighbor,youarea

luckyperson.Youhavesomeonewhocares

aboutyourneedsandyourproperty,whois

helpfulinthe

littleday-to-daysituationsthateup,and

whoissupportiveintimesofcrisis.

Agoodneighborissomeonewho,for

instance,understandsthatyourchildren

mayoccasionallyrunacrosshislawn,even

thoughyoutellthemnotto.He'llrealize

thatchildrencanbecareless真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

aboutthings1ikethat,andhewon,t

makeabigfussaboutitunlessitbeesa

regularthing.Inthesamevein,heknows

thatyou'llunderstandifsomeofthetrash

fromhistrashcansblowsacrossintoyour

yard.INotherwords,heissensitivetothe

unintentionalthingsthatcanhappen.He

doesn71makeabigdealaboutthem.

Agoodneighborisalsorespectfulof

yourproperty.Forexample,sheasksyour

permissionbeforedoinganythingthat

interfereswithwhat'syours.Thismeansshe

wouldn71plantahugetreeinbetweenyour

houseswithoutaskinghowyoufeelaboutit.

Ifshewantedtoputupafence,shewould

letyouknowfirst.Shemightworkwithyou

todecidewhereitshouldbeplaced.Maybe

thetwoofyouwouldevensplitthecost.

Agoodneighborwouldlendyousomemilk

ifyouranout.She'dgiveyouaridetowork

ifyourcarwasbroken,andletyourchildren

stayatherhouseintheeveningifyougot

stuckworkingovertime.Youwoulddothe

sameforher.Bothofyouwouldhelpmakethe

other7slifeeasier.

whensomethingreallyawfulhappenstoyou,

1ikeadeathinthe真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

family,agoodneighborwillvolunteer

tohelpinanywayhecan.Thiscouldmean

somethingsmall,1ikemakingsome

casserolestoputinyourfreezertofeed

vestingrelatives,Oritcouldmean

somethingbig,likehelpingyougetthrough

thesadnessofthefuneral.

Ithinkonlysomeonewhohasexperienced

abadneighborcanreallyappreciateagood

one!Agoodneighborcanbeagoodfriend.

Heorshecanmakeallthedifferenceinthe

worldtoyourlife.

專人模擬試題（翻譯篇10）

2010-09-10來源：未知【大±止】投稿

分享到人人劃詞已開啟

來美國求學(xué)的中國學(xué)生與其他亞裔學(xué)生一

樣，大多非?？炭嗲趭^，周末也往往會抽出一天

甚至兩天的時間去實(shí)驗(yàn)室加班，因而比起美國學(xué)

生來，成果出得較多。

我的導(dǎo)師是亞裔人，嗜煙好酒，脾氣暴躁。但他

十分欣賞亞裔學(xué)生勤奮與扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識，也特

別了解亞裔學(xué)生的心理。因此，在他實(shí)驗(yàn)室所招

的學(xué)生中，除有一名來自德國外，其余5位均是

亞裔學(xué)生。

他干脆在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的門上貼一醒目招牌：“本室助

研必須每周工作7天，真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

早10時至晚12時，工作時間必須全力以

赴。”這位導(dǎo)師的嚴(yán)格及苛刻是全校有名的，在

我所呆的3年半中，共有14位學(xué)生被招進(jìn)他的

實(shí)驗(yàn)室，最后博士畢業(yè)的只剩下5人。

1990年夏天，我不顧別人勸阻，硬著頭皮

接受了導(dǎo)師的資助，從此開始了艱難的求學(xué)旅

程。

參考譯文：

LikestudentsfromotherAsiancountriesand

regions,mostChinesestudentswhoeto

pursuefurthereducationintheUnited

Statesworkontheirstudiesmostdiligently

andassiduously.Evenonweekends,they

wouldfrequentlyspendoneday,oreventwo

days,toworkovertimeintheirlaboratories.

Therefore,paredwiththeirAmerican

counterparts,theyaremoreacademically

fruitful.

Mysupervisor(advisor/tutor)isof

Asianoriginwhoisaddictedtoalcoholsand

cigarettes,withasharp(anirritable)

temper.Nevertheless,hehighlyappreciates

theindustryandthesolidfoundational

knowledgeofAsianstudentsandhasa

particularly真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

keeninsightintothepsychologyof

Asianstudents.Hence,ofallthestudents

recruitedbyhislaboratory,exceptforone

German,therestfivewereallfromAsia.

Heevenputastrikingnoticeonthedoor

ofhislab,whichread,"Al1theresearch

assistantsofthislaboratoryarerequired

towork7daysaweek,from10AMto12PM.

Nothingbutworkduringtheworkinghours."

Thissupervisorisreputedontheentire

campusforhisseverityandharshness.In

thecourseofthe3andhalfyearsthatI

stayedthere,atotalof14studentswere

recruitedintohislaboratoryandonly5of

themstayedonuntiltheygraduatedwith

theirPh.D.degrees.

Inthesummerof1990,ignoringthe

remonstrations(admonishments/

dissuasions)fromothers,Iacceptedmy

supervisor7ssponsorshipandembarkedon

thedifficultjourneyofacademicpursuit

(undertakingfurtherstudiesintheUnited

States).

專人范文-控制影視暴力的意義

［題目］

真的不掉線嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

Thegovernmentshouldcontrolthe

amountofviolenceinfilmsandon

televisioninordertodecreasetheviolent

crimesinsociety.Towhatextentdoyou

agreeordisagreewiththisissue?

［參考范文］

Itiswidelyacknowledgedthattheamountof

violenceinfilmsandonTVisoneofthe

directcausesthatleadtoourhighcrime

rateinoursociety.Thevoiceofdemanding

thegovernmenttocontrolviolentscenesin

mediahasbeenmuchlouderthanbefore.

Personally,Itotallyagreewiththisvoice,

foritisthemosteffectivewaytoreduce

violentcrimesintherealworld.

Firstandforemost,violenceonTVorin

filmsisoftenportrayedasextremeas

possibleinordertoattractaudiences.This

wi11definitelysetabadexampleforthose

immatureaudiences,who,lackingcorrect

parentalguidance,aremost1ikelytocopy

theviolentbehavioursandmitrealviolent

crimes.

Next,media,suchasTVorfilm,is

consideredasthecorrectinformation

sourceregulatedbythegovernment.It

shouldbereportingandreflectingtrue

phenomenainthesociety.Violence,asone

ofthefactsintherealworld,certainlyhas

tobereported.真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

However,excessiveviolenceisoffering

misleadinginformationtothepublic,which

wi11exertdetrimentalinfluencetothe

society.Forexample,teenagerswillregard

thosekillersandmurderersinthefilmsand

onTVasrolemodelsandcopytheir

behaviours.Itisrecentlyreportedinthe

newsthataseventeen-year-oldki1ledall

hisfamilymembers,onesisterandtwo

parentsoutofhatredandjealousy.Inthe

realworld,weareoftenremindedoftheharm

andhurtthatviolenceinfictionalworld

hasbroughtus.

Inaword,oursocietyispreoccupiedbythe

violentscenesandplotsatpresent.What

thegovernmenthastodoimmediatelyisto

takeeffectivemeasurestocontrolthe

amountofviolenceinmedia.Onlyinthisway,

canoursocietyenjoyhighlevelofsecurity

andpeace.

英語寫作精講精練：一個公式三個原則

一個公式

我們都知道英語與漢語在表達(dá)順序上存在很大

的差異，因此，這里我們先引出一個英語表達(dá)順

序的公式來。請記?。河⒄Z的表達(dá)語序基本上遵

真的不掉線嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

循以下這個順序：

6-1-2-3-4-5-6

6(when)—1(who)—2(what)—3(whom)—4(how)

-5(where)—6(when)

說明：6的位置很靈活，可以放前，也可以放后。

示例：

Iateanapple.

Iateanapplewithafork.

Iateanapplewithaforkinthekitchen.

Iateanapplewithaforkinthekitchenthis

morning.

以上四個句子從1-2-3模式一直到1~2~3—4_5~6

模式，請大家逐個翻譯一下，仔細(xì)對比英語順序

與漢語順序的差異。

結(jié)論：英語和漢語在表達(dá)的最核心內(nèi)容上是一致

的：即一個句子的1-2-3是相同的；但是，在有

了4-5-6后，漢語表達(dá)方式與英語這個自然表達(dá)

順序產(chǎn)生了巨大的詞序差異：

漢語次信息先出現(xiàn)；英語主信息先出現(xiàn)

再如：

我喜歡那個女孩子

我喜歡那個穿紅衣服的女孩子

我喜歡那個穿紅衣服的不喜歡我的女孩子

這三個句子的核心內(nèi)容都是：Ilikethat

girl.（與：“我喜歡那個女孩子”詞序一致，但

是，在添加了其它部分后，表達(dá)順序全變樣了?。?/p>

真的不掉線嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

再如：

我打死一只蒼蠅

我用手打死一只蒼蠅

我用手打了三次打死一只蒼蠅

我用手打了三次并在我助理的幫助下打死了一

只蒼蠅

這四個句子的核心內(nèi)容都是：Ikilleda

fly.（與“我打死一只蒼蠅”詞序一致，但是，

在添加了其它部分后，表達(dá)順序全變樣了?。?/p>

逗號原則

在一個句子的前面如果有內(nèi)容，那么，請記住：

1.不到3個單詞時，可以用逗號與后面句子分隔

開來，也可以不用逗號分隔，具體情況根據(jù)說話

人自己確定的停頓語氣長短來確定。

示例1：Atlasthestoppedplayingthepiano.

示例2：Sadlyhepickedupthebrokenglass

andwentintotheroom.

2.達(dá)到或超過3個單詞時，必須用逗號與后面句

子分隔開來。

示例1：Intheend,Icouldnotbearit.

示例2：Tomysurprise,heboughtmeaticket!

1個句子1個mainverb（Mp：2）原則

理論上講：一個句子只應(yīng)該有一個為主的動詞

（即2）。

但是，實(shí)際運(yùn)用的過程中，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個句子

中有多個動詞，此時就需要：

標(biāo)記清楚這些動詞彼此間的邏輯關(guān)系！?。?/p>

真的不掉線嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

這里的邏輯關(guān)系有兩種情況：

1.并列（即：將這些動詞視為地位相同；一般方

式為使用and連接）

2.從屬（即：犧牲某個或某些動詞，將其處理成

符合從屬關(guān)系的方式，從而確保為主的動詞；—

般方式為使用動詞三大非謂語形式：動詞的ing

形式、動詞的過去分詞形式、動詞的不定式形式)

1.并列關(guān)系示例

示例1：Isatdownbesidehersaidnothing.

分析：sat與said之間沒有標(biāo)記邏輯關(guān)系，錯

誤！可以添加and,形成并列關(guān)系，即：

Isatdownbesideherandsaidnothing.

示例2:Ienteredtheroomsawmothersit

therewaitformeeback.

分析：這里有5個動詞，都沒有標(biāo)記邏輯關(guān)系，

錯誤！通過分析，我們看到：entered和saw可

以并列，因?yàn)樗鼈儞碛泄餐?(1)；sit和wait

可以并列，因?yàn)樗鼈儞碛泄餐?(mother),但

這兩組動詞之間就不能再并列了，因?yàn)闊o法這么

做。這就意味著：這句話里的動詞有的可以并列，

而有的不可以。

示例3:Iopenedthebagtookoutsomepaper

andapen,satdownstartedtakenotes.

分析：opened,tookout,satdown,started

這四個動詞擁有共同的1(1),而且都是1直接

行使或發(fā)出的動作，所以，可以采取并列關(guān)系；

真的不掉線嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

但take因?yàn)橛袀€過渡層，因此并列處理不

合適。

2.從屬關(guān)系示例

示例1：Isatdownbesidehersaidnothing.

分析：動詞關(guān)系混亂，假如想確保said,則需

要犧牲后面，如：

Isatdownbesideher,sayingnothing.

假如確保后面，則犧牲前面：

Sittingdownbesideher,Isaidnothing.

示例2：Toquitsmoking,Ieatcandies.

一個句子一個句號原則

理論上講，一個句子一個句號，但是，實(shí)際中會

有幾個甚至多個句子擺放在一起共享一個句號。

此時應(yīng)該怎么辦呢？

答案很簡單：標(biāo)記清楚這些句子間的邏輯關(guān)系。

有兩種：

1.并列關(guān)系示例

示例1：Isatdownbesideher.Isaidnothing.

變?yōu)椋篒satdownbesideherandIsaidnothing.

示例2：Heaskedmeaquestion.Ianswered

him.

變?yōu)椋篐easkedmeaquestionandIanswered

him.

2.從屬關(guān)系

1）運(yùn)用各類從句，形成主從符合句，包括：

真的不掉線嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

狀語從句

賓語從句

定語從句

主語從句

同位語從句

2）運(yùn)用非謂語動詞類進(jìn)行從屬方式的處理，包

括：

動詞的ing形式

動詞的過去分詞形式

動詞不定式形式

從屬關(guān)系示例（以狀語從句為例）

示例1：Whenheaskedmeaquestion,I

answeredhim.

示例2:IwassoangrythatIbeathimup!

示例3:Ifyouaskme'why',Iwillanswer

'because'!

示例4:Sinceyouarenotfeelingwell,just

liedownandtakeagoodrest.

示例5:AlthoughIhavetriedmybest,I

can,twinherheart.

示例6:WhereverIam,Iwillbethinkingof

you.

示例7:Iwentoutveryearlyinthemorning

sothatIcouldavoidtherushhourtraffic.

非謂語動詞方式處理示例

示例1：Isatbesideher.Ifeltverynervous.

可變?yōu)椋篠ittingbesideher,Ifeltvery

nervous.

或者：Isatbesideher,feelingverynervous.

真的不掉線嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

示例2：Iwanttoquitsmoking.Ieat

candies.

可變?yōu)椋篢oquitsmoking,Ieatcandies.

示例3:Ayoungmanwastiredofsleepingon

thefloor.Hesavedupforyearstobuyareal

bed.

可以變?yōu)椋篢iredofsleepingonthefloor,a

youngmansavedupforyearstobuyareal

bed.

示例4：JimmywasdressedupasFather

Christmas.Hewasacpaniedbyaguardof

honorofsixprettygirls.Hesetoffdown

themainstreetofthecity.Herodeababy

elephant.TheelephantwascalledJumbo.

可以變?yōu)椋篋ressedupasFatherChristmasand

acpaniedbyaguardofhonorofsixpretty

girls,Jimmysetoffdownthemainstreetof

thecity,ridingababyelephantcalled

Jumbo.

定語從句方式處理

定語從句當(dāng)然是屬于“從屬”的行列，所以，是

處理為從屬方式的手段之一。請看下面的例子：

Thisistheonlybook.

Ireadthebookduringtheholiday.

兩句的重合點(diǎn)在thebook上面；將第二句中的

thebook抽出來，放到真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

第一句book后面，其它內(nèi)容向后甩。這樣,

我們就會看到theonlybook后面馬上又在重復(fù)

thebook0為了避免重復(fù)，我們?nèi)サ魌hebook,

而換用另外一個詞去替換，這個詞就是指物的

which或thato因?yàn)檫@里的book有only在修飾，

所以，最終我們選用that;又因?yàn)閠hat在定語

從句中作賓語，所以，可以省略。

下面兩句的合并遵循同樣的原則：

Sheisthegirl.

Thegirl'sfatherismyboss.

Sheisthegirlwhosefather^ismyboss.

幾個句型：

but…句型（表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系）

???,for…句型（表原因關(guān)系）

…，s。…句型（表結(jié)果關(guān)系）

—（,/；/.）however,…句型（表更強(qiáng)烈的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)

系）

（,/；/.）therefore,…句型（更強(qiáng)烈的結(jié)果關(guān)

系）

???（,/；/.）meanwhile,…句型（表時間關(guān)系）

—（,/；/.）consequently,…句型（表結(jié)果關(guān)系）

???（,/；/.）admittedly,…句型（表讓步關(guān)系）

這些基本知識構(gòu)成了：

1）簡單句擴(kuò)展到復(fù)雜句事

2）復(fù)雜句拆分為簡單句事

由“分到合”，由“合到分”的“基石”。

真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

A.

accept-v.toagreetoreceive接受

accident-n.somethingthathappensby

chanceormistake;anunplannedevent事

故

accuse-v.tosayapersonis

responsibleforanactorcrime;tomakea

statement

againstsomeone指責(zé)

activist-n.onewhoseekschange

throughaction激進(jìn)分子

administration-n.theexecutivepart

ofagovernment,usuallyheadedbya

presidentorprimeminister政府

admit-v.toaccept("admittedtothe

UnitedNations");toexpressone，sguiltor

responsibility("Headmittedthatwhat

hedidwaswrong.")承認(rèn)

adult-n.agrownperson成人

advise-v.tohelpwithinfromation,

knowledgeorideasinmakingadecision建

議

affect-v.toproduceaneffecton;to

influence("Alackofsleepaffectedthe

singer's

perfromance.")影響

agency-n.anorganizationthatispart

ofalargergroup("anagencyoftheUnited

Nations")機(jī)構(gòu)

aggression-n.anattackagainsta

personorcountry;theviolationofa

country7s

borders侵略

agriculture-n.farming農(nóng)業(yè)

airforce-n.amilitaryorganization

usingairplanes空軍

album-n.acollectionofrecorded

music歌集

alcohol-n.astrong,colorlessliquid,

usuallymadefromgrain,usedasadrugor

in

industrialproducts酒精

ally-n.anationorpersonjoinedwith

anotherforaspecialpurpose聯(lián)合體

ambassador-n.anation,shighest

diplomaticrepresentative(toanother

government)大使

amend-v.toaddtoortochange(a

proposalorlaw)修正

ammunition-n.thebulletsorshells

firedfromguns彈藥

anarchy-n.alackoforder;

lawlessness無政府狀態(tài)

ancestor-n.afamilymemberfromthe

past祖先

ancient-ad.veryold;longago遠(yuǎn)古

的

anniversary-n.ayearlycelebrationor

observanceofaneventthathappenedinthe

past周年

announce-v.tomakeknownpublicly;to

declareofficially宣布

apologize-v.toexpressregretfora

mistakeoraccidentforwhichoneaccepts

responsibility致歉

appeal-v.totaketoahighercourt,

personorgroupforadecision;tocallon

somebodyforhelp上訴；呼吁

真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

appear-v.toshowoneself;toeinto

sight;toseem出現(xiàn)

appoint-v.toname;tochoose

("appointajudge")任命

approve-v.toagreewith;toagreeto

support贊成

archeology-n.thescientificstudyof

pasthumanlifeandactivities考古學(xué)

argue-v.toofferreasonsforor

againstsomething;todispute;todisagree

爭論

arms-n.militaryequipment;weapons

兵器

arrest-v.toseizeapersonforlegal

action;totakeasaprisoner逮捕

artillery-n.bigguns炮

assist-v.tohelp幫助

astronaut-n.apersonwhotravelsin

space宇航員

astronomy-n.thescientificstudyof

starsandtheuniverse天文學(xué)

asylum-n.politicalprotectiongiven

byagovernmenttoapersonfromanother

country政治庇護(hù)

atmosphere-n.thegasessurrounding

anystarorpla大氣層

attach-v.totietogether;toconnect

系上；連接

attack-n.aviolentattempttodamage,

injureorkill;v.tostartafight襲擊

attempt-v.toworktowardsomething;

totry;tomakeaneffort嘗試

attend-v.tobepresentat出席

automobile-n.avehiclewithwheels

usedtocarrypeople;acar汽車

average-n.something(anumber)

representingthemiddle;ad.mon;normal

平均，平常

avoid-v.tostayawayfrom避免

award-n.anhonororprizeforanact

orservice獎勵

B

balance-v.tomaketwosidesorforces

equal平衡

balloon-n.adeviceofstrong,light

materialthatriseswhenfilledwithgas

lighter

thanair氣球

ballot-n.apieceofpaperusedfor

voting選票

ban-v.tonotpermit;tostop;n.an

officialrestriction禁止

bar-v.topreventorblock禁止，阻

礙

barrier-n.anythingthatblocksor

makesanactiondifficult障礙

base-n.amilitarycenter軍營；v.to

establishasafact基于("Herresearchwas

basedon

experiments.")

battle-n.afightbetweenopposing

armedforces戰(zhàn)斗

beat-v.tohitagainandagain擊打

betray-v.toturnagainst;tobefalse

to背叛

bill-n.alegislativeproposal議案

真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

biology-n.thescientificstudyof

lifeor1ivingthingsinalltheirfro

ms生物學(xué)

blame-v.toaccuse;tohold

responsible責(zé)備

block-v.tostopsomethingfrombeing

done;topreventmovement堵塞，阻礙

bomb-n.adevicethatexplodeswith

greatforce炸彈；v.toattackordestroy

with

bombs炸彈襲擊

border-n.adividinglinebetween

nations邊界

boycott-v.torefusetotakepartin

ordealwith聯(lián)合氐制

brief-ad.short;notlong簡短的

broadcast-v.tosendinfromation,

storiesormusicbyradioortelevision;n.

aradio

ortelevisionprogram廣播

brown-ad.havingthecolorlikethat

ofcoffee褐色的

budget-n.aspendingplan預(yù)算

bullet-n.asmallpieceofmetalshot

fromagun子彈

burst-v.tobreakopensuddenly爆

裂

business-n.one'swork;buyingand

sellingtoearnmoney;trade工作，商業(yè)

C

cabi-n.agroupofministersthathelps

leadagovernment內(nèi)閣

camp-n.aplacewithtemporaryhousing

露營

campaign-n.apetitionbyopposing

politicalcandidatesseekingsupportfrom

voters;aconnectedseriesofmilitary

actionsduringawar活動

cancel-v.toend;tostop取消

cancer-n.adiseaseinwhichdangerous

cellsgrowquicklyanddestroypartsofthe

body癌癥

candidate-n.apersonwhoseeksoris

nominatedforanofficeoranhonor候選人

capitalism一n.aneconomicsystemin

whichtheproductionofmostgoodsand

servicesisownedandoperatedfor

profitbyprivatecitizensorpanics資本

主義

capture-v.tomakeapersonoranimal

aprisoner;toseizeortakebyforce;toget

controlof捕獲

case(court)-n.alegalaction案例

case(medical)-n.anincidentof

disease("Therewasonlyonecaseofchicken

pox

attheschool.")病例

cause-v.tomakehappen;n.thething

orpersonthatproducesaresult導(dǎo)致

ceasefire-n.ahaltinfighting,

usuallybyagreement?；饏f(xié)議

celebrate-v.tohonorapersonorevent

withspecialactivities慶祝

ceremony-n.anactorseriesofacts

doneinaspecialwayestablishedby

tradition儀式

chairman-n.apersonleadingameeting

oranorganizedgroup主席

champion-n.thebest;thewinner冠

軍

charge-v.toaccusesomeoneof

something,usuallyacrime控訴；n.a

statementin

whichsomeoneisaccusedofsomething

指控

chase-v.torunorgoaftersomeoneor

something追逐

cheer-v.toshoutapprovalorpraise

歡呼

真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

chemicals-n.elementsfoundinnature

ormadebypeople;substancesusedinthe

scienceofchemistry化學(xué)物質(zhì)

chemistry-n.thescientificstudyof

substances,whattheyaremadeof,howthey

actunderdifferentconditions,andhow

theyfromothersubstances

1.chief-n.theheadorleaderof

agroup首領(lǐng)；ad.leading;mostimportant

主要的

civilian-ad.notmi1itary平民

civilrights-n.thepolitical,

economicandsocialrightsgivenequallyto

allpeopleof

anation公民權(quán)力

claim-v.tosaysomethingasafact聲

明

clash-n.abattle沖突；v.tofightor

oppose發(fā)生沖突

clergy-n.abodyofofficialswithin

areligiousorganization神職人員

climate-n.thenormalweather

conditionsofaplace氣候

coal-n.asolidblacksubstanceused

asfuel煤

coalition-n.forces,groupsornations

joinedtogether聯(lián)盟

coast-n.landontheedgeoftheocean

海岸

colony-n.landcontrolledbyanother

countryorgovernment殖民地

bine-v.tomixorbringtogether聯(lián)

合，結(jié)合

mand-v.toorder;tohavepowerover

something命令

ment-v.tosaysomethingabout;to

expressanopinionaboutsomething評論

mittee-n.agroupofpeoplegiven

specialwork委員會

municate-v.totell;togiveor

exchangeinfromation交流，通信

munity-n.agroupofpeople1iving

togetherinoneplaceorarea社區(qū)

pare-v.toexaminewhatisdifferent

orsimilar對比

pete-v.totrytodoaswellas,or

betterthan,anotherorothers競爭

plex-ad.oforhavingmanypartsthat

aredifficulttounderstand;notsimple復(fù)

雜的

promise-n.thesettlementofan

argumentwhereeachsideagreestoaccept

lessthanfirstdemanded折衷

concern-n.interest,worry("express

concernabout");v.tofear("tobe

concerned")關(guān)注，關(guān)心

condemn-v.tosayapersonoraction

iswrongorbad遣責(zé)

condition-n.somethingdeclared

necessarytopleteanagreement條件；a

person7s

health身體狀況

conference-n.ameeting

confirm-v.toapprove;tosaythat

somethingistrue確定

conflict-n.afight;abattle,

especiallyalongone沖突

congratulate-v.topraiseapersonor

toexpresspleasureforsuccessorgoodluck

祝賀

Congress-n.theorganizationofpeople

electedtomakethelawsoftheUnited

States(theHouseofRepresentatives

andtheSenate);asimilarorganizationin

othercountries議會

conservative-n.onewhousually

supportstraditionandopposesgreatchange

保守派

constitution-n.thewrittengeneral

lawsandideasthatfromanation7s

systemof

government憲法

真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

contain-v.tohold;toinclude包容

container-n.abox,bottleorcanused

toholdsomething容器

continent-n.anyofthesevengreat

landareasoftheworld大陸

control-v.todirect;tohavepower

over控制

convention-n.alargemeetingfora

specialpurpose大會

cooperate-v.toactorworktogether

合作

court-n.wheretrialstakeplace;

wherejudgesmakedecisionsaboutlaw法

院

crash-v.tofal1violently;tohitwith

greatforce碰撞，墜毀

create-v.tomake;togivelifeorf

romto創(chuàng)造

creature-n.any1ivingbeing;any

animalorhuman生物

credit-n.anagreementthatpayments

wi11bemadeatalatertime信用

crew-n.agroupofpeopleworking

together全體人員

crime-n.anactthatviolatesalaw

罪行

criminal-n.apersonwhois

responsibleforacrime罪才巳

crisis-n.anextremelyimportanttime

whensomethingmaybeemuchbetteror

worse;adangeroussituation危機(jī)

criticize-v.tosaywhatiswrongwith

somethingorsomeone;tocondemn;to

judge批評

crowd-n.alargenumberofpeople

gatheredinoneplace人群

crush-v.todamageordestroybygreat

weight;todefeatpletely壓碎

curfew-n.anordertopeopletostay

offthestreetsortoclosetheirbusinesses

戒嚴(yán)

current-n.movementofair,wateror

electricity水流，電流；ad.belongingtothe

presenttime目前的("Shefoundthereport

inacurrentpublication.")

custom-n.along-establishedbeliefor

activityofapeople習(xí)慣，風(fēng)俗

customs-n.taxesonimports入關(guān)稅

D

dam-n.awallbuiltacrossariverto

holdbackflowingwater大壩

damage-v.tocauseinjuryor

destruction摧毀；n.harm;hurtorinjury,

usuallytothings毀壞

deaf-ad.notabletohear聾的

debate-v.toarguefororagainst

something;n.apublicdiscussionor

argument爭論

debt-n.somethingthatisowed;the

conditionofowing債務(wù)

declare-v.tosay;tomakeastatement

聲明

decrease-v.tomakelessinsizeor

amount降低

defeat-v.tocausetoloseinabattle

orstruggle;n.aloss;theconditionof

having

lost打敗

defend-v.toguardorfightagainst

attack;toprotect防衛(wèi)

deficit-n.ashortagethatresults

whenspendingisgreaterthanearnings,or

importsaregreaterthanexports赤字

define-v.togivethemeaningof;to

explain定義

delay-v.todecidetodosomethingat

alatertime;topostpone;tocausetobe

late延遲

真的不掉線

嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？

delegate-n.onesenttoactforanother;

onewhorepresentsanother代表

demand-v.toaskbyordering;toask

withforce要求

democracy-n.thesystemofgovernment

inwhichcitizensvotetochooseleadersor

tomakeotherimportantdecisions民

主

demonstrate-v.tomakeapublicshow

ofopinionsorfeelings("Thecrowd

demonstratedinsupportofhuman

rights.")示威；toexplainbyusing

examples("The

teacherdemonstratedtheideawithan

experiment.")示范

denounce-v.toaccuseofbeingwrong

orevil;tocriticizeseverely譴責(zé)

deny-v.todeclarethatsomethingis

nottrue;torefusearequest否認(rèn)

depend-v.toneedhelpandsupport

依靠

deplore-v.toregretstrongly;to

expresssadness表示悲痛

deploy-v.tomoveforcesorweapons

intopositionsforaction部署（軍隊(duì)）

depression-n.severeunhappiness;a

periodofreducedbusinessandeconomic

activityduringwhichmanypeoplelose

theirjobs衰退

describe-v.togiveawordpictureof

something;togivedetailsofsomething描

述

design-v.toplanorcreateplansfor

設(shè)計(jì)

desire-v.towantverymuch;towish

for愿望

destroy-v.tobreakintopieces;toend

theexistenceof摧毀

develop-v.togrow;tocreate;to

experienceprogress發(fā)展

device-n.apieceofequipmentmadefor

aspecialpurpose設(shè)備

dictator-n.arulerwithpletepower

獨(dú)裁者

diet-n.usualdailyfoodanddrink

日常飲食

diplomat-n.apersonwhorepresents

hisorhergovernmentindealingwith

another

government外交官

direct-v.tolead;toaimorshowthe

way指引("Hedirectedmetothetheater.");

ad.

straighttosomething;notthroughsome

otherpersonorthing直接的("Thepathis

direct.")

direction-n.theway(east,west,

north,south);wheresomeoneorsomething

came

fromorwentto方向

dirt-n.earthorsoi1泥土

disappear-v.tobeeunseen;tono

longerexist消失

disarm-v.totakeawayweapons;tono

longerkeepweapons;tomakeabomb

harmlessb