小學英語語法梳理并附練習題

小學英語語法要點及習題一、名詞復數規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不規(guī)則名詞復數：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復數I_________him_________this___________her______watch_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________book_______dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______yo-yo______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______

juice___________water________milk________rice__________tea__________二、一般現在時一般現在時基本用法介紹【No.1】一般現在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍色的。2.表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點起床。3.表示客觀現實。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉。一般現在時的構成1.be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學習英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(he,she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現在時的變化1.be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用doesn't構成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動詞原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用does構成一般疑問句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o結尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般現在時用法專練:一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數drink________go_______stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______

carry____come________

watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________do_________

teach_______二、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1.

問人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2.

問干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis

afternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3.

問什么時候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoing

tobed?六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習：填空。1.

我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.

下個星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.3.

你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.4.

你們打算什么時候見面。Whattime_______you___________________meet?改句子。5.

Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy________goingtogocamping.6.

I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_______go______jointhem.7.

I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問句）_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.

Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問句）_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.

Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（對劃線部分提問）_______________she_________________________afterschool?10.

Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所給詞的適當形式填空。11.

Todayisasunnyday.We___________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.12.

Mybrother_______________(go)toShanghainextweek.13.

Tomoften______________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______________(go)toschoolbybike.14.

Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually__________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects?15.

It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekend?She______________(watch)TVand_____________(catch)insects.16.

What___________(d0)youdolastSunday?I____________(pick)applesonafarm.What______________(do)nextSunday?I______________(milk)cows.17.

Mary____________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.18.

LiuTao____________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.19.

David______________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.20.

I________________(plan)formystudynow五、一般過去時1．一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經常或反復發(fā)生的動作感謝。2．Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：⑴am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（werenot=weren’t）⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。3．句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子

否定句：didn’t+動詞原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.

一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?

特殊疑問句：⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如：

WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．結尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“輔音字母+y”結尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat過去時練習寫出下列動詞的過去式is\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do

________Be動詞的過去時練習（1）Name____________

No.______Date__________一、

用be動詞的適當形式填空1.

I_______atschooljustnow.2.

He________atthecamplastweek.3.

We________studentstwoyearsago.4.

They________onthefarmamomentago.5.

YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.6.

There________anappleontheplateyesterday.7.

There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8.

Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.二、

句型轉換1.Itwasexciting.

否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.

否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________3.Theywereinhispocket.

否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________Be動詞的過去時練習（2）Name____________

No.______Date__________一、用be動詞的適當形式填空1.

I______anEnglishteachernow.2.

She_______happyyesterday.3.

They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.

HelenandNancy________goodfriends.5.

Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.6.

Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.7.

There________asignonthechaironMonday..8.

Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____Children’sDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited.二、句型轉換1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.

否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________三、

中譯英1．我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。___________________________________________________________2．他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了。___________________________________________________________3．一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥。___________________________________________________________行為動詞的過去時練習（1）Name____________

No.______Date__________一、用行為動詞的適當形式填空1.He_________(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat________(eat)abirdlastnight.3.We_______(have)apartylastHalloween.4.Nancy________(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.I________(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They________(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.Mymother_______(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.8.Thegirls________(sing)and_______(dance)attheparty.二、句型轉換1.SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.

否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________2.Nancywenttoschoolearly.

否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________3.WesangsomeEnglishsongs.

否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________行為動詞的過去時練習（2）Name____________

No.______Date__________一、用be動詞的適當形式填空1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She__________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型轉換1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.

否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________三、中譯英1.格林先生去年住在中國。________________________________________________________2.昨天我們參觀了農場。________________________________________________________3.他剛才在找他的手機。________________________________________________________過去時綜合練習（1）Name____________

No.______Date__________一、

用動詞的適當形式填空1.It______(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall______(have)agoodtimelastnight.3.He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4.Helen________(milk)acowonFriday.5.Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.(read)6.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)7.Jim’smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.8._______they________(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they_____.9.I_______(watch)acartoononMonday.10.We___________(go)toschoolonSunday.二、

中譯英1.我們上周五看了一部電影。_________________________________________________________2.他上個中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。

_________________________________________________________3.你們上個兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動物園。

_________________________________________________________4.你上周在哪兒?在野營基地。

_________________________________________________________過去時綜合練習（2）Name____________

No.______Date__________一、

用動詞的適當形式填空1.It_____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite________(go)tohisofficebycar.2.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.3.Don’t______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)4.What____you______justnow?I_______somehousework.(do)5.They_________(make)akiteaweekago.6.Iwantto______apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.(pick)7._______he______theflowersthismorning?Yes,he_____.(water)8.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.9.Thestudentsoften_________(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.10.What______Mikedoonthefarm?He________cows.(milk)二、中譯英1.他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。

_________________________________________________________2.去年端午節(jié)我們沒去看了龍舟比賽。

_________________________________________________________3.他在音樂課上拉小提琴了嗎？不，沒有。

_________________________________________________________六、形容詞和副詞的比較級復習及練習一、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more,alittle來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。2．形容詞加er的規(guī)則：⑴一般在詞尾加er；⑵以字母e結尾，加r；⑶以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結尾，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er；⑷以“輔音字母+y”結尾，先把y變i，再加er。3．不規(guī)則形容詞比較級：

good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副詞的比較級1．形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別(有be用形，有形用be；有動用副，有副用動)

⑴在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2．副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同(不規(guī)則變化：well-better,far-farther)三、練習一)、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級

old__________

young________

tall_______

long________

short________

strong________

big________

small_______

fat_________

thin__________

heavy______

light________

nice_________

good_________

beautiful__________________

low__________

high_________

slow_______

fast________

late__________

early_________

far_________

well_______二)、根據句意填入單詞的正確形式：1.Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme.2.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis__________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6.Mary’shairisas__________(long)asLucy’s.7.Ben______(jump)________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.________Nancysing__________(well)thanHelen?Yes,she_____.9.Fangfangisnotas_________(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare__________(big)than________(she)..11.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?13._____thegirlsgetup_______(early)thantheboys?No,they______.14.Jimruns_____(slow).ButBenruns_____(slow).15.Thechilddoesn’t______(write)as____(fast)asthestudents.三)、翻譯句子：1、誰比Jim年紀大？是你。________is_________thanJim？

________are2、誰比David更強壯？是GaoShan.________

_________thanDavid?

GaoShan

________.3、誰的鉛筆更長，他的還是她的？我想是她的。_________pencilis_________,______or________？________is,Ithink.4、誰的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？

我的弟弟的。_________apples

________

________,your_______oryour_______?My____________

___________.5、你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎？是的。_________________as_________asyouruncle?Yes,Iam.6、他和他的朋友Jim一樣年輕。He_______as

__________as________

________Jim.7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。________________as_________as______twin_______?No,__________________thanhim.8.YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLing________to_______

________thanSuYangeveryday.9.我跳得和Mike一樣遠。I_________as_______asMike.10.Tom比你跑得快嗎？不是的,他和我跑得一樣快。____Tom_____

_____thanyou?No,he_______.He_____as_____as_____.11.多做運動，你會更強壯。________moreexercise,you’ll________

_________soon.12.我的科學很好，但是語文不好。I______________atScience.ButIdon’t_________wellinChinese.13.你放風箏比王兵放得高嗎？不，我比他放得低。____you_______thekite_____thanWangbing?No,I______it_____than___.14.我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike_______.Allmy______

_______

_______thanme.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。My_____

_____up_____thanme.16.女孩比男孩唱得好嗎？是的。____thegirls______

______

______theboys?Yes,they____.17.她不擅長體育。但我跳得沒有她高。Shedoesn’t____

_____

inPE.ButIdon’t

______

_____than_____.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同學好嗎？不，他們踢得和我一樣好。___you____football_____thanyourclassmates?No,they____as____asme.19．我母親比我父親年紀小。My_____

_____

______thanmy______.20.她的毛衣和我的一樣重。_____sweater_____

as_______as_____.21.我的連衣裙太短了。我想買一條大點的。Mydress_____

too_____.Iwantto_____a______one.22.I'mtallerthanMike.(該成用原級的比較)I'm_________as________asMike.七、Therebe句型與have,has的區(qū)別1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在therebe句型中，主語是單數，be動詞用is;主語是復數，be動詞用are;如有幾件物品，be動詞根據最*近be動詞的那個名詞決定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be動詞后加not,一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首。4、therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某人擁有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的運用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑問句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的運用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑問句。7、針對數量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是：

Howmany+

名詞復數+arethere+介詞短語？

Howmuch+不可數名詞+isthere+介詞短語？8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是：

What’s+介詞短語？Fillintheblankwith“have,has”or“thereis,thereare”1.I________agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.____________atelescopeonthedesk.3.He_________atape-recorder.4._____________abasketballintheplayground.5.She__________somedresses.6.They___________anicegarden.7.Whatdoyou___________?8.______________areading-roominthebuilding?9.WhatdoesMike___________?10.______________anybooksinthebookcase?11.Myfather_________astory-book.12._______________astory-bookonthetable.13._______________anyflowersinthevase?14.Howmanystudents____________intheclassroom?15.Myparents___________somenicepictures.16._____________somemapsonthewall.17.______________amapoftheworldonthewall.18.David__________atelescope.19.David’sfriends___________sometents.20.______________manychildrenonthehill.用恰當的be動詞填空。1、There

alotofsweetsinthebox.2、There

somemilkintheglass.3、There

somepeopleunderthethebigtree.4、There

apictureandamaponthewall.5、There

aboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6、There

lotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7、There

atinofchickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.8、There

fourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.Fill

in

the

blank

with

“have,

has”1.

I_________anicepuppet.2.

He_________agoodfriend.3.

They__________somemasks.4.

We___________someflowers.5.

She___________aduck.6.

Myfather____________anewbike.7.

Hermother___________avase.8.

Ourteacher_________anEnglishbook.9.

Ourteachers___________abasketball.10.

Theirparents___________someblankets11.

Nancy_________manyskirts.12.

David__________somejackets.13.

Myfriends__________afootball.14.

Whatdoyou__________?15.

WhatdoesMike__________?16.

Whatdoyourfriends___________?17.

WhatdoesHelen___________?18.

Hisbrother________abasketball.19.

Hersister_________anicedoll.20.

MissLi__________anEnglishbook.八、人稱代詞和物主代詞1、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個動詞之前（有時候位于than之后），賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后。2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單獨使用，后面不帶名詞。

人稱代詞

物主代詞

主格

賓格

形容詞性

名詞性我

I

me

我的

my

mine你，你們

you

you

你的，你們的

your

yours他

he

him

他的

his

his她

she

her

她的

her

hers它

it

it

它的

its

its我們

we

us

我們的

our

ours他（她，它）們

they

them

他（她，它）們的

their

theirs一.填寫代詞表I

it

we

you

them

his

your

hers

二.用所給詞的適當形式填空

1.

Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.

(I)2.

Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)

3.

Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)4.

_________ismybrother._________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)5.

_________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________?(you)6.

Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________?

(she)7.

Icanfindmytoy,butwhere’s_________?(you