在線網(wǎng)課知道《Environmental Biotechnology（哈爾濱工業(yè)大學）》單元測試考核答案

緒論單元測試1.【多選題】(3分)正確答案：ABDWhichofthefollowingsayingarecorrect（）.A.Empiricismisveryimportantinenvironmentalbiotechnologybesidestheprinciplesofmicrobiologyandengineering.B.Quantificationanalysismakesprocessesreliableandcost-effective.C.Molecularbiologyisthesubstitutefortraditionalmethodsinexploringmicrobialcommunities.D.Microbiologicaltreatmenttechnologiesdevelopedatthebeginningofthe20thcentury,suchasactivatedsludgeandanaerobicdigestion,remainmainstaystoday.第一章測試1.【多選題】正確答案：ACThebasicreactionsinvolvedinbacterialgrowth,including（）.A.cellsynthesisreactionsB.energy-consumingreactionsC.energy-producingreactionsD.fermentationreactions2【單選題】(2分)Inmicrobialmetabolism,NO3-andSO42-canbeusedaselectronacceptorsin（）.A.theabsenceofoxygenB.theabsenceofenzymesC.theabsenceofATPD.inthepresenceofcytochromes3【單選題】(2分)fs0+fe0=（）.A.2B.1C.1.1D.0.94【判斷題】Theamountofdonorusedforenergyproductionforcellssynthesisrelatedtobothenergyrequiredforcellsynthesisandenergyreleasedfromdonoroxidation.()A.錯B.對5【判斷題】ThenetyieldYnwillsometimesequalstotrueyieldY.()A.對B.錯第二章測試1【單選題】(2分)Whichofthefollowingistherightdefinitionof‘safetyfactor’inengineering?（）A.θxmin/θxB.θx/θxminC.θx/[θxmin]limD.S0/Smin2【判斷題】Thedecayofactivebiomassisafirst-orderfunction,includingthefractionfortruerespirationandforinert.()A.對B.錯3【判斷題】Solidsretentiontimeorsludgeageisthereciprocalofthenetspecificgrowthrate.()A.對B.錯4【判斷題】UAPisbiodegradedconsiderablyfasterthanisBAP.()A.錯B.對5【判斷題】Thetrueyieldcannotbeestimatedfromexperiments.()A.錯B.對第三章測試1【單選題】(2分)Theidealizedbiofilmhavingthefollowingpropertiesexcept().A.Aneffectivediffusionlayerofthickness<emLrepresentsexternalmass-transportresistance.B.Thebiofilmhasauniformbiomassdensity.C.Mass-transportresistanceisnotimportanttothebiofilm.D.HasalocallyuniformthicknessofLf.2【單選題】(2分)Thefollowingdescriptionofthefundamental“l(fā)aw”ofthesteady-statebiofilmiscorrect.()A.Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitareaperhour(YJT)isjustbalancedbythelosses.B.Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitarea(YJ)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.C.Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitareaperhour(YJT)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.D.Thegrowthofnewbiomass(<emYJ)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.3.【多選題】正確答案：ABCDThemodelofasteady-statebiofilmrequiressimultaneoussolutionof().A.mass-balanceforsubstrateinthebiofilm.B.mass-balanceforactivebiomassinthebiofilmC.mass-balanceforsubstratetransporttothebiofilm.D.boundaryandcontinuityconditions.4.【多選題】正確答案：ABCDThefollowingfiguresshowsthat().A.JandXfLfincreasesverysharplyasSincreasesslightlyaboveSmin.B.ForverylargeS,theslopeofJversusSdeclinesgraduallyandeventuallyapproachesthelimitingcaseofone-half-orderkinetics,orJ=k1/2S1/2.C.ForSlargeenough,J(andXfLf)increasesforlargerS,becausethesubstrateconcentrationsinsidethebiofilmriseinresponsetoahigherS.D.AtsomeA.錯B.對6【判斷題】Twobiofilmshavingthesamephysicalthickness,shouldhavesimilarA.對B.錯7【判斷題】Thefundamentalunderstandingofasteady-statebiofilmisthatthebiomassperunitsurfacearea(XfLf)isconstantintime,andthebiomassatanyonelocationisatsteadystate.A.錯B.對8【判斷題】S*minrepresentsthegrowthpotentialinthesteady-state-biofilmmodel,andS*minmuchlessthan1.0indicatesthenetpositivegrowthismuchgreaterthantheloss.()A.錯B.對9【判斷題】K*comparesexternalmasstransporttothemaximumutilizationrate.K*lessthan1meansthatthesubstrateutilizationiscontrolledbyexternalmasstransport.()A.錯B.對10【判斷題】Fordeepbiofilm,ithasthemaximumfluxintothebiofilm.()A.錯B.對第四章測試1.【多選題】正確答案：ABCWhichofthefollowingshouldbebalancedinamodel?()A.elementsB.chargesC.CODD.componentsinmole/L2【判斷題】Anabolismisrelatedtotherateofsubstrateuptakebyayield.()A.對B.錯3【判斷題】NitriteisincludedinASM1.()A.對B.錯4【判斷題】Hydrolysisisusuallysimulatedviafirstorderkinetic.()A.錯B.對5【判斷題】BothanoxicandaerobicgrowthofheterotrophsareconsideredinASM1.()A.對B.錯第五章測試1.【多選題】正確答案：ABCSecondaryconsumersintheactivatedsludgesysteminclude:().A.prokaryotesB.predatorsC.chemolithotrophicbacteriaD.heterotrophicbacteria2【單選題】(2分)Whichoneofthefollowingisthemostpopularreactorconfigurationsbeingusedinwastewatertreatmentthesedays().A.ModifiedAerationB.CompletelymixedC.ConventionalAerationD.Stepaeration3【單選題】(2分)TheconventionalactivatedsludgesystemcouldremoveBOD5andsuspendedsolids(SS)by()percentormoreformunicipalsewagetreatment.A.75B.90C.80D.854【判斷題】Foraconventionaldesignfortheactivatedsludgetreatmentofdomesticsewage,theF/Mratiosuggestedis0.25to0.5kgBOD5perdayperkgMLSS.（）A.對B.錯5【判斷題】Inmostsituations,theelectrondonor,ortheBOD,isratelimitingformicroorganismreproductionandgrowth.（）A.對B.錯第六章測試1.【多選題】正確答案：ABWhatisthepurposeoftheeffluentrecyclelineintwo-phasesystemoffluidized-bed?()A.controltheupwardflowvelocityB.supportoxygenbyoxygenatorsystemC.increasethebedturbulenceD.controltheBODloadingininfluent2.【多選題】正確答案：BCDInbiologicalcontactors(RBC),thepercentsubmergenceistoohighandmightleadto().A.lowerCODineffluentB.highersuspendsludgeC.oxygendeficitD.odor3【判斷題】Themicrobialpopulationinbiofilmandactivatedsludgearedifferentinspeciesowingtothedifferencesinthemicroorganismaccumulatedformation,althoughtherearesameelectrondonorsandacceptors.()A.錯B.對4【判斷題】Thechangingofinfluent(Q)isusuallycontrolledtochangthesurfaceloadingoftricklingfiltersandbiologicaltower.()A.對B.錯5【判斷題】Themediumwillnotmoveextensivelywhenitisuniforminfluidized-bedreactor.()A.對B.錯第七章測試1.【多選題】正確答案：ACDAdvantagesofanaerobictreatmentinclude().A.Highorganicloadingispossible.B.Highremovalefficiencywithdilutewastes.C.Produceusefulendproducts.D.Lowproductionofwastebiologicalsolids.2.【多選題】正確答案：ABCDThesuccessfulstart-upandoperationofananaerobicsystemrequires:().A.Beginwithasmuchgoodanaerobicseedaspossible.B.Bringthesystemtotemperature.C.Fillthedigesterwithseedandwater.D.AddbufferingmaterialintheformofchemicaltoprotectagainstpHdrop.3.【多選題】正確答案：ABCDPossiblemethodstocontroltoxicityinanaerobictreatments:().A.Thetoxicityofsulfidecanbereducedbygasstrippingfromthereactor.B.MaintainingalowerpHcanreduceammoniatoxicity.C.Thetoxicityofsomeheavymetalscanberemovedbyadditionofsulfide.D.Thetoxicityoflong-chainfattyacidscanbereducedbycalcium.4【單選題】(2分)Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaboutthecharacteristicsofbaffledreactor:().A.OvercomethebiosolidslossfromtheUASBsystem.B.Wastewatermovesupwardanddownward.C.Designloadingtypicallyisintherangeof4to15kgCOD/m3-d.D.Arecyclelinecanbeaddedtoremovebiosolidsfromthelastchamberandreturnthemtothefirst.5【單選題】(2分)Estimatingthemethaneproductionofanaerobictreatmentprocessforwastewatercontaining1.0Mglucose:().A.2.64mol.B.0.24mol.C.2.4mol.D.3.36mol.6.【多選題】正確答案：BDTheprocessofanaerobictreatmentcanbebrokenintowhichofthefollowingsteps:().A.Theorganicacidsarethenpartiallyusedbyarchaelmethanogenstoconvertthemintomethane.B.Theconversionoftheorganicacidsandhydrogenintomethane.C.Thesimplecarbohydratesandacidsareutilizedtoobtainenergyforgrowthbyfermentingbacteria.D.Hydrolysisandfermentationofcomplexorganicmatterintosimpleorganicacidandhydrogen.7【單選題】(2分)AnabsoluteminimumA.10day.B.5day.C.20day.D.15day.8.【多選題】正確答案：ACDThecontentsofthedigestercanbeheatedthrough:().A.Heatexchangerslocatedinsidethedigester.B.Directheatingthereactor.C.Injectedsteamthroughlancesordiffusers.D.Pumpingbackwarmedsludgethroughexternalheatexchangers9.【多選題】正確答案：ADTheprimarydesigncriterionofCSTRcontains:().A.Detentiontime.B.Themethane-gasyield.C.Thenetsludgeproduction.D.Thevolatile-solidsloadingrate.10【判斷題】Theroutinemeasurementofvolatileacidconc