天津市靜海區(qū)高一英語(yǔ)七選五專題試卷002

天津市靜海區(qū)高一英語(yǔ)七選五專題試卷HowtokeepyourchildinterestedinSpaceScienceDoesyourchildwishtoexploreourgalaxy(星系)?DoesSpaceSciencefascinatehim?____1____.Instead,keepfuellinghisinterest.Readontofindoutwhatyoushoulddo.Firstly,bothyouandyourchildshouldunderstandthatworkingataspacecentredoesn’tmeanbeinganastronaut(宇航員)alone.Staffatspacecentresincludemathematicians.scientists,accountants.humanresourcepersonnel,educatorsandsoon.____2____,yourchildmightevengettosendsomeoneintospace.Excellinginacademicsandphysicalfitnessarethekeypointsforbeingselectedascandidates(候選人).Keepingtheseinmind,let’stakealookatfourwaystokeepfuellingyourchild’sinterestinSpaceScience.1.Readbooks.____3____,introduceyourchildtothemearlyon.Nothinglikebookscantransportyourlittleonesintothefascinatingworldofspace.2.Attendspace-themedparties.Planbirthdayorhousepartiesonthethemeofspace.Involveyourchildand,maybe,hisfriendsorcousins,ingettingtheprops,settingsandcostumesready.____4____.Thatway,thepreparationwillbealearningexperienceforyourchild.3.Goonfieldtrips.Whynotvisitplanetariums(天文館)andspacecentresforholidayoutingswithyourchild?____5____.Yourchildwillgettoseespacescientistsatworkandevengettowatchspecialdocumentariesatthesite.4.Watchspecialspaceevents.Wheneverthereisasatellitelaunchoraneclipse,makesureyougetyourchildtowatchit.Ifyoucandoitlive,thereisnothinglikeit.Therun-uptothecount-downwillsurelyexciteyourchild.Withalltheseactivities,youcansurelykeepyourchild’sinterestinSpaceSciencealive.A．YoucancombinefunandlearningB．IfnotactuallysteppingintospaceC．Trytogo‘home-made’asfaraspossibleD．DonotpreventhimfromdreamingbigE．IfyourchildisdrawntowardsSpaceScienceF．TeachthemnotonlytoaskquestionsbuthowtoresearchanswersG．WhetheritissciencefictionorgeneralknowledgebooksrelatedtospaceManypeoplethinkofsharksasdangerousmonsters.Buthumanbeingscauseafargreaterdangertothemthantheydotous.Althoughsharkattacksdooccur,theyarequiterare.Accordingtooneestimate,however,humanskill100millionsharkseveryyear.____6____Whyshouldwesavethesharks?Sharkstakeupthetoppositiononthefoodchainintheocean.Assharksdieoff,thepopulationoftheanimalsthatsharksconsumewillincrease.This,inturn,meansthatthenumberofthecreaturesthoseanimalseatwilldrop.____7____Fishthateatalgae(藻類(lèi))arealsoincluded.Thiscancausealgaetospreadsomuchthatitdamagescoralreefs.____8____TheoceannotonlyproducesmoreoxygenthanalltherainforestsonEarthcombined,butalsoremoveshalfoftheman-madegreenhousegasfromtheatmosphere.Oncesharksdieoff,theglobalecosystemwillbeupset,affectingallcreaturesincludinghumanbeings.Don’tusesharkproductsFirst,vitaminenergydrinksandleathergoodscanbemadefromsharkparts.____9____Inaddition,sharkmeatissoldaroundtheworld,sometimesundermisleadingnamessuchasrocksalmonorwhitefish.Sharkfinsoupisapopulardish.However,theprocessofgettingfinsiscruel.Fishermencuttheshark’sfinsoffandthenthrowthesharkbackintothewater,stillalive.____10____Sharksbreathebyswimming,soasharkthatcan’tswimwilldie.A．Itistimeforchildrentolearnaboutsharks.B．Sharkoilisalsousedinmanypopularbeautyproducts.C．Thenthesharkdiesslowly,sometimesoverseveraldays.D．Actually,thekillingofsharkswillaffectthewholeplanet.E．Peopleinsomecountriesareespeciallykeenonsharkproducts.F．Amongthemaresomeseafishthathumansconsumeeveryday.G．Thisnumberisawarningthatmanykindsofsharksmaydieout.Betweenchildhoodandadulthood,yougothroughmanychanges—jobs,regrettablehaircutsandrelationshipsthatcomeandgo.Butwhataboutwhoyouareatyourcore(核心)?___11___Personalityisthepatternofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsuniquetoaperson.Peopletendtothinkofpersonalityasfixed.Butaccordingtopsychologists(心理學(xué)家),that’snothowitworks;personalitydoesn’tstaythesameallyourlife.___12___That’snottosaythatyou’readifferentpersoneachdayyouwakeup.___13___Inastudy,researchersfollowedsomeadultsformanyyearsuntiltheirearly70s.Theydiscoveredthatadulthood’spersonalityisactuallystableinshorttimeperiods.___14___Theywilllookathowachildreactstotheworld.Researchsuggeststhatourchildhood’smoods—forexample,whetherwe’reeasy-goingorbad-tempered,willingorunwillingtoapproachstrangers—shapeourpersonalityofolderages.___15___Ifachildisalwaysshyandwithdrawn(離群的),hemaygrowintoanunhappyteenager.Onthecontrary,ahappychildhoodusuallyleadstoahappyadulthood.A．Instead,itchanges—developswithage.B．Growingintoadulthood,whatdoyoucareabout?C．Asyougrowolder,doesyourpersonalitychange?D．However,youdon’thavetobesadaboutthechange.E．Infact,thechangecan’tevenbenoticedintheshortterm.F．Psychologistsdon’tstudychildren’spersonalities,however.G．Andtheseearlymoodsseemtoberelatedtoourlateryearsoflife.WaystoprotecteyesfromscreensToomuchscreentimemaycauseseriouseyestrain(眼疲勞）andevenasharpdeclineofeyesight.That'sabigproblemalotofpeoplearefacedwithnowadays,especiallythosewhoworkonacomputer.Thefollowing

tipsmaybehelpful.GetregulareyetestsExpertsrecommendhavingacomprehensiveeyeexameveryyeartodetect(探測(cè)）problemsbeforetheydevelop.Duringthistest,youshouldtellthedoctorhowoftenyouuseyourphoneandyourcomputer.____16____

Tellyourdoctoraboutit,andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.GiveyoureyesspaceThecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes,thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.____17____Ifthismakesithardforyoutoread,considerincreasingthesizeofthetextratherthanmovingthescreencloser.TakebreaksThismaynotalwaysbepracticalifyou'requitebusy，butit'simportantnottostaredirectlyatascreenfortoolong.____18____Whilesurveyshaveshownthatmanyofficeworkerstakenomorethanhalfanhouraday

awayfromtheircomputer,it'srecommendedthatyoutakea15-minutebreakaftereverytwohoursspentatyour

screen.____19____Staringatascreencontinuouslyforhoursonendmaymakeitdifficultforyoutofocus.Toavoidthis,manyeyeexpertsrecommendthe“20-20-20rule”---lookingawayfromyourphone/computerscreenevery20

minutesandfocusingonanobjectatleast20feetawayforatleast20seconds.Thesciencebehindhistrickis

thatlookingatobjectsatadistancerelaxesthefocusingmuscleintheeye.____20____A．Exerciseyoureyes.B．Giveyoureyesachancetorest.C．Makeyourscreenmoreeye-friendly.D．Studiesshowit’saneffectivewaytoreducetiredness.E．Youshouldalsomeasurethedistancefromyoureyestoyourscreenatwork.F．Makesurethatyouuseyourphoneorcomputerinaroomwherethelightingisbrightenough.G．Studiesoneyestrainsuggestthatcomputerscreensshouldbenocloserthan40cmfromyourface.HowtofindpurposeinlifeIfyou’reaskingyourself,“Whatismypurpose?”you’renotalone.Onestudyshowedthatjust25%ofAmericanadultssaytheyhaveaclearsenseofpurpose.Ifyou’repartoftheother75%,followthesetipstogetstartedonfindingpurposeandmeaninginlife.CreateapersonalvisionstatementApersonalvisionstatementcanhelpyoumanagestressandfindbalanceinyourlife.Itservesasaroadmapthatwillguideyoutowardyourpurposebyidentifying(識(shí)別)yourcorevalueandestablishingwhat’simportanttoyou.Apurposestatementmakesiteasierforyoutomakedecisionsinaccordancewithyourvalued.___21___ExploreyourpassionsYourpassionsandinterestsareagoodindicatoroftheareainwhichyourlifepurposemightlie.___22___They’resodeeplyfixedinourwaysofthinkingthatwecanbecomeblindtothem.Ifyou’renotsurewhatyourpassionsare,askthepeoplewhoknowyoubest.Likely,you’realreadypursuingtheminsomewaywithoutevenrealizingit.GivebackGivingbackcanenhanceyoursenseofmeaningandpurposeinlife.Thismeansthatwhenyouhelpothers,youalsohelpyourself.___23___Youmightwanttovolunteerinyourlocalcommunityordonateyourmoneyorskillstoacausethatresonates(共鳴)withyou.Ortryspreadingalittlehappinessbyperformingrandomactsofkindness.Turnyourpainintopurpose___24___Overcomingthesechallengedshapeswhowebecomeandgivesusouruniquestrengthsandperspective.Manypeopleaskforhelpwhenstrugglingtoovercomeamajorlifechange.Somelaterfindtheirpurposeinhelpingothersfacingsimilarstruggletothosetheyhaveovercome.Somechooseacareerworkingdirectlywithpeople,suchasasocialworker.Othersfindwaystotouchthelivesofothersthroughthearts,suchaswriting.___25___A．Weallfacestrugglesinlife.B．Lookforwaystobeofservice.C．Buttheycanbehardtoidentify.D．Findingpurposeinlifecansometimesbehard.E．Youmayevendiscoveryourpurposethroughthem.F．Howyoutransformyourpainintopurposeisuptoyou.G．Italsohelpsyoustaymotivatedasyouworktowardyourpersonalgoals.Sometimeswejustcan’tavoidadiscussionturningintoanargument.Ifyoudostartarguingwithsomeone.itisimportanttokeepthingsundercontrolandtherearewaystodothis.Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.Thatwilljustmaketheotherpersonlosetheirtempertoo.____26____Say“I’msorry”andcontinuetotalkcalmlyandquietly,andthenyourpartnerwillbemorereadytothinkaboutwhatyouaresaying.____27____Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.Justconcentrateonsolvingtheoneproblemyouarehaving.Forexample,ifyou’rearguingaboutthehousework,don’tstarttalkingaboutmobilephonebillsaswell.Andmyfinaltipisthat,ifnecessary,youcancall“Timeout”,likeinasportsmatch.Ifanargumentisgettingoutofcontrol,youcansaytotheotherperson,“l(fā)isten,I’drathertalkaboutthistomorrowwhenwe’vebothcalmeddown”.Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.____28____Also,youmayfindtheproblemmucheasiertosolvewhenyou’vebothhadagoodnight’ssleep.Iwanttosayonelastimportantthing.____29____Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.Ifyoudon’tlearntoargueproperly,thenwhenarealproblemcomesalong,youwon’tbepreparedtofaceittogether.Thinkofthesmallerargumentsastraining.Learnhowtoarguecleanlyandfairly.____30____A．Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.B．Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.C．Youmaybelievethatarguingisimpossibletoavoid.D．Thesecondthingisthatyoushouldfindagoodtopic.E．Itwillhelpyourrelationshipbecomestrongerandlastlonger.F．Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.G．Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.Whatiscrosscountryrunning?Crosscountryisanoutdoorendurance(耐久性)sportthatcanbementallychallengingandfun.____31____You’renotonlyputtingonefootinfrontoftheother;you’realsothinkingaheadtobarriersandchangesinthetrailorcourse.____32____However,beforeyoubegintrainingandracing,youshouldbeawareofpotentialinjuriesandhowtoavoidthem.Howcanyoupreventcrosscountryrunninginjuries?Thebestwaysforoutdoorrunnerstostayhealthyincludethefollowingrunningtips:Stretchdaily.Forallrunnersandathletes,aregularstretchingroutineisanimportantpartofconditioning.____33____Warmupandcooldown.Musclesandtendons(跟腱)arelesslikelytooverstretchortearifthey’vebeenproperlypreparedforrunningandracing.High-intensityworkoutsrequiremoreprepandpost-workoutcooldownthanlow-impactactivities.Weartherightshoes.Makesureyourshoesfitproperlyandthattheyareneithertootight-fittingnortooloose.____34____Eatanddrinkenough.Competitivedistancerunnersliketokeeptheirweightlow.However,consumingtoofewcaloriescanharmyourbody,especiallyifyou’reagirlorwomansubjecttoeatingdisorders.____35____It’seffectivetopreventinjuryandheatillness.Rememberthatespeciallyinfullsunorinhumidregionsofthestate,youparticularlytendtohaveheatstroke.Drinkplentyofwaterbeforeandafterrunning.A．Crosscountryrunningisasportrequiringmoney.B．Tiedouble-knotstopreventtrippingoverundonelaces.C．It’smostlyverysafeincomparisontootherteamsports.D．Haveawell-balanceddietandbesuretostaywell-hydrated.E．Youmayencounterunexpected,non-naturalbarriers.F．Itisneededtokeepyourbones,joints,andmuscleshealthy.G．Thistypeofrunningandracinghasbothaphysicalandpsychologicalrole.FourWaystoBeattheMondayBluesFormostworkersandstudents,Mondayisthetoughestday,whichimpliesthatthehappyweekendisover,whilethenewweekofworkandstudyhasjustbegun.However,Mondayalwayscomesasusual.____36____Thefollowingfourtipscanhelpyougreetthecomingweekfullofenergy.____37____Insteadoffocusingonthedifficulttasksthatlieaheadofyou,youcanmakealistbywritingdownsomethingsthatyouarelookingforwardto.Agoodplacetostartistothinkofonethingyouareexcitedaboutforeachcategory:atwork,afterwork,andattheweekend.Sleephasahugeeffectonourmood.AccordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool,“poorsleepcancauseeasyangerandstress,whilehealthysleepcanincreasewell-being.”So,nexttimeifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.____38____It’sworthtakingthisintoconsiderationonSundaytoavoidalackofenergyonaMondaymorning.Don’tunderestimate（低估）thepowerofclothing.Infact,psychologistsconcludethatthestronglinkbetweenclothingandmoodsuggestsweshouldputonclothesthatweassociatewithhappiness,evenwhenfeelinglow.____39____KeepMonday’sschedulealittlelighterthanotherdays.Afteraweekendoffun,don’tgiveyourselfatootightschedule,pleasetakeiteasy.____40____Itmeansputtingsometimeintotheeasiertasks.PuttinglesspressureonyourselfisagoodwaytobeattheMondayBlues.A．Justdosmallandeasythings.B．Thinkaboutallthegoodtocome.C．Sinceyoucan’tescape,you’dbetterfaceitbravely!D．Thisdoesn’tmeansittingaroundandbeinglostinyourblues.E．ReduceMondayBluesbyallowingyourselftodoeverythingwithmoreease.F．Inshort,nothingisbetterthanwearingwhatmakesyoufeelgreatonMonday!G．Takeanaptoenergizeorgettobedearliertonighttomakeupforsleep.Howtopreservethelockdown’sslowerpaceThelast15monthsofpandemicforcedaslowdowninfamilies’often-crazedpace.Sportsandafter-schoolactivitiesalldisappearedin2020.Now,communitiesreopenandcalendarsagainfillwithsummerplans.____41____Inarecentresearch,31percentoffamiliessaidthattheyplantotakepartinfewerafter-schoolactivities.Megan,amotheroftwoteenagers,learnedhowstressfulacrowdedschedulecouldbe.Now,withlessrunningaroundtosportsandsingingpractices,bothMeganandherchildrenareenjoyingthesimplethingsinlife.____42________43____Infact,allofusnowhaveauniqueopportunitytoturntowhatwecareaboutandtobeintentionalaboutourtime.Todoso,makealistoftheprosandconsofyourliferightnow,andrefertothatlistasyourcalendarfillsup.It’simportanttoidentifyandestablishboundariestohelppreservethepros.____44____Whenmakingyourlistofprosandcons,bespecificaboutanyofyourdailyinteractionsthatwereharmful,relationshipsthatwereunproductive,andthelifepatternsthatmadeyouunhappy.Riddingaharmfulpersonofyourlifecanbetrickierthansettingasideahobby.____45____Ifthepandemichasbeenawelcomedismissal(摒棄)oftheserelationships,thismomentisthebestchanceyoumighteverhavetodoso.A．Thepandemicchallengedparentseverywhere.B．Thechancetochangeattitudesisn’tjustforparents.C．Sosetupreminderstoreduceyourscheduleregularly.D．Butweallhaverelationshipsthatdon’tbenefitbothsides.E．Theyspendtimeatthediningtableandevenoutdoorstogether.F．Someparentsarestilldeterminedtoholdontotherelaxedpace.G．Youshouldconsideranypeopleinyourlifewhodragyoudown.Goodstudyhabitsplayanimportantroleinraisingconfidenceandgettinghighermarksinexams.Ofcourse,it’susuallyhardtobuildlastingstudyhabitsatfirst,butitwon’tbetoolongbeforeyournewgoodhabitsbecomepartofyourroutine.____46____Setadailystudytime.Studyingforatestbeginswellbeforeyoureachexamday.____47____Byreservingaspecifictimeeachdayforstudying,itcanbeeasiertofocus,becauseyouwon’thavetoworryaboutanyotherthingscompetingforyourattention.Arrangeyourstudyspace.Chooseanareathatisclean,well-lit,andfreeofdistractions.Avoidsittinginfrontofthetelevisionoraroundabusypartofyourhome.Somepeopleliketostudyinthelibraryorcoffeeshop.____48____Turnoffyourelectronics.Electronicdevicesareabigdistraction,soremembertoturnoffyourphoneandtelevision.Keepyourcellphoneawayfromyou,asitwilldistractyou.____49____Whenyouneedtouseyourcomputerwhilestudying,stayawayfromsocialmedia,emails,andoff-topicwebsites.____50____Planasmallrewardforeachdayyoustudy,suchastimeplayingyourfavoritegame,apieceofcandy,ormoneytosetasideforsomethingyoureallywant.Thinkofaweeklyrewardformeetingeachdailygoalthatweek,suchasafewhourswithyourfriends.A．Youshouldsetasidetimeeverydaytostudy.B．Onlycheckyourmessagesduringbreaktime.C．Rewardyourselfformeetingyourstudygoals.D．Leaveyourselfenoughtimeforgamesortimewithfriends.E．Tobetteryourstudyhabits,youcanemployefficientwaysofstudying.F．Breaktheinformationdownsoyou’reonlydealingwithalittleeachday.G．Butthismaynotworkforyouifyou’reeasilydistractedbymovementornoises.【參考答案】***試卷處理標(biāo)記，請(qǐng)不要?jiǎng)h除1．無(wú)1、D牝2、B牝3、G牝4、A牝5、F【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了如何讓你的孩子對(duì)空間科學(xué)感興趣。牝1、下文“Instead,keepfuelinghisinterest.”（相反，繼續(xù)激發(fā)他的興趣。）說(shuō)明此處前后句意思完全相反，后句說(shuō)要激發(fā)孩子的興趣，前句說(shuō)不要傷害孩子的興趣，與選項(xiàng)D.Donotpreventhimfromdreamingbig（不要阻止他做遠(yuǎn)大夢(mèng)想）相一致。故選D項(xiàng)。牝2、下文“yourchildmightevengettosendsomeoneintospace.”（你的孩子甚至可能把某人送入太空。）說(shuō)明你的孩子可以送別人進(jìn)入太空，如果你的孩子自己進(jìn)不了太空的話，與選項(xiàng)B.Ifnotactuallysteppingintospace（如果不是真正踏入太空）相一致。故選B項(xiàng)。牝3、下文“introduceyourchildtothemearlyon”（盡早將它們介紹給您的孩子）說(shuō)明要讓孩子盡早接觸太空探索類(lèi)的書(shū)籍，與選項(xiàng)G.Whetheritissciencefictionorgeneralknowledgebooksrelatedtospace（無(wú)論是科幻小說(shuō)還是與太空有關(guān)的一般知識(shí)書(shū)籍）相一致，即不論與太空探索相關(guān)的任何書(shū)，都可以讓孩子盡早接觸。故選G項(xiàng)。牝4、根據(jù)上文“Attendspace-themedparties.Planbirthdayorhousepartiesonthethemeofspace.(參加太空主題派對(duì)。以空間為主題計(jì)劃生日或家庭聚會(huì)。)”和下文“Thatway,thepreparationwillbealearningexperienceforyourchild.”（這樣，準(zhǔn)備工作對(duì)您的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)將是一次學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。）可知，空處表示在舉辦太空派對(duì)的同時(shí)學(xué)到一些東西，承上啟下，與選項(xiàng)A.Youcancombinefunandlearning(你可以把樂(lè)趣和學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來(lái))相一致。故選A項(xiàng)。牝5、下文“Yourchildwillgettoseespacescientistsatworkandevengettowatchspecialdocumentariesatthesite.”（您的孩子將看到工作中的太空科學(xué)家，甚至可以在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀看特別紀(jì)錄片。）說(shuō)明要讓孩子親自、實(shí)地去探查，與選項(xiàng)F.Teachthemnotonlytoaskquestionsbuthowtoresearchanswers（教他們不僅要問(wèn)問(wèn)題，還要教他們?nèi)绾窝芯看鸢福┫嘁恢?，即讓孩子去探索答案。故選F項(xiàng)。6、G牝7、F牝8、D牝9、B牝10、C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章講述為什么要保護(hù)鯊魚(yú)以及如何保護(hù)鯊魚(yú)。牝6、根據(jù)上文“Althoughsharkattacksdooccur,theyarequiterare.Accordingtooneestimate,however,humanskill100millionsharkseveryyear.(雖然鯊魚(yú)襲擊事件確實(shí)發(fā)生，但卻非常罕見(jiàn)，然而，據(jù)估計(jì)，人類(lèi)每年殺死1億只鯊魚(yú))”可知，人類(lèi)每年殺死1億只鯊魚(yú)，下文“Whyshouldwesavethesharks?(為什么我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)鯊魚(yú))”提到我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)鯊魚(yú)，所以G項(xiàng)“這個(gè)數(shù)字是一個(gè)警告，許多種類(lèi)的鯊魚(yú)可能會(huì)滅絕”符合語(yǔ)境，G項(xiàng)中“Thisnumber”指代上文的“100million”，故選G項(xiàng)。牝7、上文“Assharksdieoff,thepopulationoftheanimalsthatsharksconsumewillincrease.This,inturn,meansthatthenumberofthecreaturesthoseanimalseatwilldrop.(隨著鯊魚(yú)的死亡，鯊魚(yú)所食用的動(dòng)物的數(shù)量將會(huì)增加。反過(guò)來(lái)，這就意味著這些動(dòng)物吃的生物數(shù)量會(huì)減少)”提到鯊魚(yú)數(shù)量減少會(huì)使其引以為食的動(dòng)物數(shù)量增加，這些動(dòng)物引以為食的生物數(shù)量就會(huì)減少，結(jié)合下文“Fishthateatalgae(藻類(lèi))arealsoincluded.(吃藻類(lèi)的魚(yú)也包括在內(nèi))”中的also可知，空處應(yīng)是提到數(shù)量減少的生物包括哪些，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“其中有一些是人類(lèi)每天食用的海魚(yú)”符合語(yǔ)境，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“them”指代上文的“thecreatures”，故選F項(xiàng)。牝8、根據(jù)下文“TheoceannotonlyproducesmoreoxygenthanalltherainforestsonEarthcombined,butalsoremoveshalfoftheman-madegreenhousegasfromtheatmosphere.Oncesharksdieoff,theglobalecosystemwillbeupset,affectingallcreaturesincludinghumanbeings.(海洋不僅產(chǎn)生的氧氣比地球上所有熱帶雨林的總和還要多，而且還從大氣中消除了一半的人為溫室氣體。一旦鯊魚(yú)滅絕，全球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)將被破壞，影響到包括人類(lèi)在內(nèi)的所有生物)”可知，本段是講述鯊魚(yú)數(shù)量減少對(duì)全球的影響，D項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，捕殺鯊魚(yú)會(huì)影響到整個(gè)地球”統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。牝9、根據(jù)上文“First,vitaminenergydrinksandleathergoodscanbemadefromsharkparts.(首先，鯊魚(yú)的部分可以制成維生素能量飲料和皮革制品)”及下文“Inaddition,sharkmeatissoldaroundtheworld,sometimesundermisleadingnamessuchasrocksalmonorwhitefish.(此外，鯊魚(yú)肉在世界各地銷(xiāo)售，有時(shí)會(huì)被冠以誤導(dǎo)性的名字，如巖鮭或白魚(yú))”可知，本段是描述鯊魚(yú)制品，B項(xiàng)“鯊魚(yú)油也被用于許多流行的美容產(chǎn)品中”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)。牝10、根據(jù)上文“Fishermencuttheshark’sfinsoffandthenthrowthesharkbackintothewater,stillalive.(漁民割下鯊魚(yú)的魚(yú)鰭，然后把還活著的鯊魚(yú)扔回水中)”可知，被割掉魚(yú)鰭的鯊魚(yú)被扔回海里，結(jié)合下文“Sharksbreathebyswimming,soasharkthatcan’tswimwilldie.(鯊魚(yú)通過(guò)游泳呼吸，所以不會(huì)游泳的鯊魚(yú)會(huì)死亡)”可知，沒(méi)有魚(yú)鰭的鯊魚(yú)不會(huì)游泳，所以幾天就會(huì)死亡，C項(xiàng)“然后鯊魚(yú)慢慢死去，有時(shí)會(huì)持續(xù)幾天”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)。11、C牝12、A牝13、E牝14、F牝15、G【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，人的性格也會(huì)發(fā)生變化，童年的情緒會(huì)塑造之后的性格。牝11、下文“Personalityisthepatternofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsuniquetoaperson.Peopletendtothinkofpersonalityasfixed.”（性格是一個(gè)人特有的思想、情感和行為模式。人們往往認(rèn)為性格是固定不變的。）說(shuō)明性格是人所固有的思想、情感和行為模式，C項(xiàng)中personality是關(guān)鍵詞，“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，你的性格會(huì)改變嗎？”承上啟下，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。牝12、上文“Butaccordingtopsychologists,that’snothowitworks;personalitydoesn’tstaythesameallyourlife.”（但心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，這不是它的工作原理；性格并不是一輩子不變的。）說(shuō)明性格是會(huì)發(fā)生變化的，A項(xiàng)“相反，它會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而變化。”說(shuō)明性格會(huì)隨著年齡增長(zhǎng)而變化，符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。牝13、上文“That’snottosaythatyou’readifferentpersoneachdayyouwakeup.”（這并不是說(shuō)你每天醒來(lái)都是一個(gè)不同的人。）說(shuō)明性格并不是每天都有很大變化的，E項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，這種變化甚至在短期內(nèi)都不會(huì)被注意到?！闭f(shuō)明短期內(nèi)性格變化并不明顯，符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)。牝14、下文“Theywilllookathowachildreactstotheworld.”（他們將觀察孩子對(duì)世界的反應(yīng)。）說(shuō)明研究人員會(huì)觀察孩子們的行為，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中Psychologists和children’spersonalities是關(guān)鍵詞，“然而，心理學(xué)家并不研究?jī)和男愿?。”說(shuō)明心理學(xué)家并不研究?jī)和男愿?，他們只是觀察孩子們的行為，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。牝15、下文“Ifachildisalwaysshyandwithdrawn,hemaygrowintoanunhappyteenager.Onthecontrary,ahappychildhoodusuallyleadstoahappyadulthood.”（如果一個(gè)孩子總是害羞和孤僻，他可能會(huì)成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)不快樂(lè)的青少年。相反，快樂(lè)的童年通常會(huì)帶來(lái)快樂(lè)的成年。）說(shuō)明孩子時(shí)候的情緒會(huì)影響之后的生活，G項(xiàng)“這些早期的情緒似乎與我們之后的生活有關(guān)。”符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)。16、E牝17、G牝18、B牝19、A牝20、D【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了當(dāng)今許多人面臨的一個(gè)大問(wèn)題——經(jīng)常面對(duì)電子屏幕導(dǎo)致眼睛疲勞，文章提出了幾種保護(hù)眼睛免受屏幕傷害的方法。牝16、根據(jù)后句“Tellyourdoctoraboutit,andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.(把這件事告訴你的醫(yī)生，這樣你的眼睛就能在這個(gè)距離上得到更準(zhǔn)確的檢測(cè))”可知，作者建議將距離告訴醫(yī)生，以尋求更準(zhǔn)確的檢測(cè)，可推知，這里是建議大家測(cè)距離。選擇項(xiàng)E“Youshouldalsomeasurethedistancefromyoureyestoyourscreenatwork.(你還應(yīng)該在工作時(shí)測(cè)量眼睛到屏幕的距離。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，且選擇項(xiàng)E中的“distance”與下文一致。故選E項(xiàng)。牝17、根據(jù)前句“Thecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes,thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.(手機(jī)/電腦屏幕離眼睛越近，眼睛就越難集中注意力。)”可知，這里說(shuō)明屏幕與臉部之間應(yīng)該保持的距離。選擇項(xiàng)G“Studiesoneyestrainsuggestthatcomputerscreensshouldbenocloserthan40cmfromyourface.(關(guān)于眼疲勞的研究表明，電腦屏幕距離你的臉不應(yīng)超過(guò)40厘米。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。牝18、根據(jù)前句“it'simportantnottostaredirectlyatascreenfortoolong(不要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間盯著屏幕很重要)”建議人們不要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間盯著屏幕，設(shè)空處承上啟下。且下文“it'srecommendedthatyoutakea15-minutebreakaftereverytwohoursspentatyourscreen(建議你每看兩個(gè)小時(shí)屏幕后休息15分鐘)”建議人們適當(dāng)休息。選擇項(xiàng)B“Giveyoureyesachancetorest.(給你的眼睛一個(gè)休息的機(jī)會(huì)。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。牝19、根據(jù)下文“Toavoidthis,manyeyeexpertsrecommendthe“20-20-20rule”—lookingawayfromyourphone/computerscreenevery20minutesandfocusingonanobjectatleast20feetawayforatleast20seconds.(為了避免這種情況，許多眼科專家推薦“20-20-20規(guī)則”，也就是每20分鐘讓眼睛離開(kāi)手機(jī)或電腦屏幕，盯著20英尺（約合0.9米）以外的物體看至少20秒)”可推知，本段主要建議大家鍛煉眼睛來(lái)緩解疲勞。選擇項(xiàng)A“Exerciseyoureyes.(鍛煉你的眼睛。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。牝20、根據(jù)前句“Thesciencebehindhistrickisthatlookingatobjectsatadistancerelaxesthefocusingmuscleintheeye.(這個(gè)把戲背后的科學(xué)原理是，看遠(yuǎn)處的物體會(huì)放松眼睛的聚焦肌肉。)”解釋了為什么“20-20-20規(guī)則”可以放松眼睛，緩解疲勞。選擇項(xiàng)D“Studiesshowit’saneffectivewaytoreducetiredness.(研究表明這是減少疲勞的有效方法。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。21、G牝22、C牝23、B牝24、A牝25、F【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了在生活中找到目標(biāo)的方法。牝21、上文“Apurposestatementmakesiteasierforyoutomakedecisionsinaccordancewithyourvalued.(目標(biāo)陳述使你更容易根據(jù)自己的價(jià)值觀做出決策)”說(shuō)明目標(biāo)陳述的重要作用，G項(xiàng)中It指代上文中的Apurposestatement，G項(xiàng)“它還可以幫助你在努力實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人目標(biāo)的過(guò)程中保持動(dòng)力。”進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明目標(biāo)陳述的作用，承接上文，符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)。牝22、上文“Yourpassionsandinterestsareagoodindicatoroftheareainwhichyourlifepurposemightlie.(你的激情和興趣是你人生目標(biāo)所在領(lǐng)域的好的標(biāo)志)”說(shuō)明激情和興趣可以幫助你確定人生目標(biāo)，以及下文“They’resodeeplyfixedinourwaysofthinkingthatwecanbecomeblindtothem.(它們?cè)谖覀兊乃季S方式中根深蒂固，以至于我們可能會(huì)對(duì)它們視而不見(jiàn))”說(shuō)明我們可能對(duì)激情和興趣視而不見(jiàn)，C項(xiàng)中they指代上文中的passionsandinterests，C項(xiàng)“但是它們可能很難識(shí)別。”承上啟下，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。牝23、下文“Youmightwanttovolunteerinyourlocalcommunityordonateyourmoneyorskillstoacausethatresonateswithyou.Ortryspreadingalittlehappinessbyperformingrandomactsofkindness.(你可能想在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)做志愿者，或者把你的錢(qián)或技能捐給一個(gè)與你產(chǎn)生共鳴的事業(yè)?；蛘邍L試通過(guò)隨意的善舉來(lái)傳播一點(diǎn)快樂(lè))”說(shuō)明具體的回饋的方法，B項(xiàng)“尋找有用的方法?！币鱿挛?，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。牝24、上文“Turnyourpainintopurpose(把你的痛苦變成目標(biāo))”說(shuō)明要將你的痛苦變成目標(biāo)，A項(xiàng)中struggles指代上文提到的痛苦，A項(xiàng)“我們?cè)谏钪卸济媾R著掙扎?！背薪由衔模挛牡腸hallenges與符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。牝25、上文“Somechooseacareerworkingdirectlywithpeople,suchasasocialworker.Othersfindwaystotouchthelivesofothersthroughthearts,suchaswriting.(有些人選擇直接與人合作的職業(yè)，如社會(huì)工作者。另一些人則通過(guò)寫(xiě)作等藝術(shù)來(lái)接觸他人的生活)”說(shuō)明不同的人會(huì)采用不同的方式接觸社會(huì)和與人合作，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“如何將痛苦轉(zhuǎn)化為目標(biāo)取決于你自己?！闭f(shuō)明對(duì)于自己而言，如何做是取決于自己的，承接上文，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。26、G牝27、A牝28、F牝29、B牝30、E【導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要告訴我們，當(dāng)我們無(wú)法避免把一場(chǎng)討論變成一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論時(shí)，控制爭(zhēng)論是很重要的，以及控制爭(zhēng)論的一些方法。牝26、本段第一句Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.(最重要的是：不要提高嗓門(mén)。)是本段主題句，G項(xiàng)“Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在這樣做，停下來(lái)，并且深呼吸。)”對(duì)此主題句做出進(jìn)一步解釋，其中的指示代詞this指的就是上文的“提高嗓門(mén)”，即“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己提高了嗓門(mén)，就請(qǐng)停下來(lái)，并且深呼吸。”故選G項(xiàng)。牝27、下文“Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.(盡量專注于你所談?wù)摰脑掝}。)”談的是要盡量專注于你所談?wù)摰脑掝}，并且舉例說(shuō)明，是對(duì)段首句的解釋。所以此空位于句首，A項(xiàng)“Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.(不要離題也是非常重要的。)”作為段落主題句，符合題意。故選Ａ項(xiàng)。牝28、上文“Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.(第二天你們可以繼續(xù)討論，也許那時(shí)你們倆都感到不那么緊張和憤怒了。)”說(shuō)的是暫停并冷靜之后的好處就是“不再感到那么緊張和憤怒了”。所以接著用F項(xiàng)“Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.(當(dāng)你們都冷靜時(shí)，你們更有可能達(dá)成協(xié)議。)”繼續(xù)說(shuō)暫停并冷靜之后的好處是“有可能達(dá)成協(xié)議”。故選Ｆ項(xiàng)。牝29、下文“Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.(這不是真的。沖突是生活的正常部分，處理它是任何關(guān)系的重要組成部分。)”中的“This”就是指上文B項(xiàng)“Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.(有些人認(rèn)為爭(zhēng)論總是不好的。)，即“爭(zhēng)論總是不好的”這種認(rèn)為不是真的。然后繼續(xù)解釋，有爭(zhēng)論有沖突都是正常的事。故選Ｂ項(xiàng)