英語北師大版選修6導(dǎo)學(xué)筆記Unit16PeriodThree

PeriodThreeLesson3LifeStoriesⅠ.重點單詞1．superbadj.出色的，卓越的2．severeadj.嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的3．restrictionn．限制，約束restrictvt.限制；約束4．unbearableadj.不能忍受的bearableadj.可以忍受的bearvt.承擔(dān)；忍受；n.熊5．formeradj.以前的6．troublesomeadj.引起麻煩的7．eageradj.渴望的，熱衷的8．gradualadj.逐漸的graduallyadv.逐漸地9．expandv．?dāng)U大，擴充10．plexadj.復(fù)雜的11．a(chǎn)pparentadj.明顯的，顯而易見的apparentlyadv.顯然地12．warmthn．溫暖warmadj.暖和的13．breakthroughn．突破，重大發(fā)現(xiàn)14．uncertainadj.不確定的certainadj.確定的Ⅱ.重點短語1．inmon共有，共同2．bringin介紹；引進；掙得3．openup打開；開放4．nowthat既然，由于Ⅲ.重點句式1．nowthat引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage，shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海倫理解了語言之謎，她非常渴望學(xué)習(xí)更多的詞語并且盡可能多地使用它們。2．unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句HerwordspuzzledmeverymuchbecauseIdidnotthenunderstandanythingunlessItouchedit.她的話使我感到非常困惑，因為那時我若不用手觸摸就什么都不理解。3．it作形式賓語Ithoughtitstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.我感到奇怪，為什么老師不能告訴我什么是愛。4．狀語從句的省略Theword“think”wasalsoadifficultoneforHelenbutshehadabreakthroughwhileworkingonasimpletask.“思考”這個單詞對海倫來說也是一個很難學(xué)的詞，但是在做一件簡單的事情時，她取得了突破性進展。5．It＋is/wasthefirst/second...time(that)．..ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstood(understand)suchaplexword—awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.這是海倫第一次明白這么復(fù)雜的單詞——一個表示一種她觸摸不到的東西的單詞。Ⅰ.課文判斷正(T)誤(F)1．Theword“l(fā)ove”wasaplexwordforHelen.(T)2．Helendidn’tfinditdifficulttounderstandtheword“l(fā)ove”．(F)3．Theunderstandingof“think”helpedherunderstand“l(fā)ove”．(T)4．Helengottoknowthemeaningof“l(fā)ove”throughtouching.(F)5．Anne’sfirstgoalwastoteachHelentolearnlanguage.(F)Ⅱ.課文閱讀理解1．AnneSullivancouldunderstandHelenwellbecauseshe.A．wasadoctorB．hadhadeyesightproblemsearlyinherlifeC．wasalmostthesameageasHelen答案B2．Whenshelearnedtheword“”，shebegantounderstandherteacherwastellingherthemeaningoftheobject.A．waterB．loveC．doll答案A3．Ofthefollowingwords，whichisthemostdifficultforHelentolearn?A．Love.B．Water.C．Think.答案A4．When，Helenlearnedthemeaningof“think”．A．makingnecklacesB．makingadollC．playinginthepark答案A5．Thewords“l(fā)ove”and“think”are.A．objectiveB．a(chǎn)bstractC．material答案BⅢ.課文難句分析HerwordspuzzledmeverymuchbecauseIdidnotthenunderstandanythingunlessItouchedit.[句式分析]這是一個復(fù)合句，其中because引導(dǎo)一個原因狀語從句；在這個從句中unless又引導(dǎo)一個條件狀語從句。[自主翻譯]她的話使我感到非常困惑，因為那時我若不用手觸摸就什么都不理解。重點詞匯1．Withthesesevererestrictionsonhermunication，Helen’sbehaviourwasoftenunbearable.因為有這些交流上的嚴(yán)重的限制，海倫的有些行為經(jīng)常讓人難以忍受。(1)severeadj.嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的；劇烈的besevereon/withsb.對某人嚴(yán)厲bestrictwithsb.對某人嚴(yán)格bestrictinsth.對某事嚴(yán)格(2)severelyadv.非常嚴(yán)重地(1)Thepartysufferedseverelossesduringthelastelection.該黨在上次選舉中遭到慘敗。(2)Thecourtsarebeingmoresevereon/withyoungoffenders.法庭對少年犯的處罰趨于嚴(yán)厲。(3)Ourteacherisstrictinherworkandisstrictwithus.我們的老師對工作要求嚴(yán)格，對我們也很嚴(yán)格。[單句改錯](4)Anyonebreakingthelawwillbeeq\f(severe,severely)punished.(1)restrictionn．限制，約束make/placerestrictionson限制……speedrestrictions速度限制(2)restrictvt.限制，限定；約束restrictone’sfreedom限制某人的自由restrict...to...把……限制在……(to是介詞，后跟名詞或動名詞)restrictoneselftosth./todoingsth.限制自己(做)某事(5)Thegovernmentplaced/maderestrictionsonthenumberofforeigncarsthatcouldbeimported.政府限制進口車的數(shù)量。(6)Theseclothesrestrictyourfreedomofmovement.這些衣服使你行動不便。(7)Irestrictmyselftoonecupofcoffeeaday.我限制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡。2．NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage，shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海倫理解了語言之謎，她非?？释麑W(xué)習(xí)更多的詞語并且盡可能多地使用它們。(1)eageradj.渴望的，熱衷的；熱心的，熱切的；急切的beeagertodosth.渴望做某事beeagerforsth.渴望(得到)某物(2)eagerlyadv.渴望地；急切地(1)Hisclasseswerecrowdedwitheagerstudents.他的課上擠滿了求知若渴的學(xué)生。(2)WhenIwasintrouble，Iwaseagerforyourhelp.當(dāng)我處于困境時，我很渴望得到你的幫助。(3)WhenIwalkedoutofthehall，Isawthefanswaitingthereeagerly(eager)．我走出大廳時，看到粉絲們正在急切地等待著。[聯(lián)想歸納]表示“急切盼望(做)……”的短語還有：(1)longforsth.(2)bedying/anxiousfor/todosth.(3)behungry/thirstyforsth.(4)bekeenon/todosth.[易混辨析]eager，anxious※eager渴望的，急切的，強調(diào)“熱切地期待獲得成功或辦成某事”的心情?！鵤nxious渴望的，焦急的，強調(diào)的是“擔(dān)心或焦急”的心情。[選詞填空]eager，anxious(4)Sheiseagertogotocollege，butanxiousabouttheCollegeEntranceExamination.3．AsHelen’sknowledgeandvocabularyexpanded，sheaskedmoreandmorequestions.隨著知識面的擴大和詞匯量的增加，海倫問的問題越來越多。expandv．?dāng)U大，擴充；膨脹，擴張；詳述expandinto...擴大成……expandon/upon詳述[助學(xué)圖解](1)Themiddleclassisexpanding.中間階級(的數(shù)量)在擴大。(2)Hismodestbusinesseventuallyexpandedintoasupermarketempire.他原先不大的生意后來擴展成了大型超市。(3)Helaterexpandedon/uponhisstatement.他后來詳細(xì)陳述了他的聲明。[易混辨析]expand，extend，spread※expand(使)(尺寸、數(shù)字或數(shù)量等)擴大；擴大(活動范圍)。※extend延伸，延長(建筑或道路、時間等)；伸展(手臂、腿等)；擴大(控制、影響力等)?！鵶pread把(物)鋪開、張開；(疾病、感情、問題或火等)蔓延；(消息、思想等)流傳，傳播；張開(手臂、雙腿等)。[選詞填空]expand，extend，spread(4)Theyextendedtheroadforthreemoremileslastyear.(5)Therumorwaswidelyspreadamongthecrowd.(6)Theteacheraskedthestudentstoexpandasentenceintoastory.經(jīng)典句式1．NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguage，shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海倫理解了語言之謎，她非?？释麑W(xué)習(xí)更多的詞語并且盡可能多地使用它們。nowthat既然，由于，是連詞詞組，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。在語義上相當(dāng)于since，表示明顯的原因或既成的事實。that在口語中可以省略。(1)Nowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitoredindifferentways，researchersarediscoveringnewrules.既然信息正在以不同的方式被擴散和監(jiān)控，研究者們正在發(fā)現(xiàn)新的規(guī)則。(2)Nowthat/Sinceyouhavefinishedyourwork，you’dbetterhavearest.既然你已經(jīng)完成工作了，你最好休息一下。[易混辨析]because，since，for，nowthat※because回答why問句，表示直接原因，語氣最強?！鵶ince語氣較弱，強調(diào)已知的事實?！鵩or語氣最弱，用來補充說明理由或提供一種解釋。※nowthat既然，與since同義，但更突出事實本身，口語中that?？墒÷?。[選詞填空]because，since，for，nowthat(3)Since/Nowthatyoucan’tgo，I’llaskLaoLiinstead.(4)Thegirldidn’tgotoschoolbecauseshewasbadlyill.(5)Hemusthavehadsomebadnews，forheissoquiet.2．Ithoughtitstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.我感到奇怪，為什么老師不能告訴我什么是愛。(1)本句中it為形式賓語，strange為形容詞作賓語補足語，that從句為真正的賓語。(2)當(dāng)think，make，find，feel，consider等動詞后面是不定式或從句作賓語，并且賓語帶有補語時，通常用it作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語置于賓補后，構(gòu)成句式：主語＋謂語＋it＋賓語補足語＋真正的賓語。(1)Ifindithardtodothejobwell.我發(fā)現(xiàn)做好這項工作很難。(2)Youcanrelyonitthathewilleontime.你可以相信他會準(zhǔn)時來的。(3)Nomatterwhereheis，hemakesitaruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.無論他在哪里，他都把早餐之前去散步作為慣例。[句型轉(zhuǎn)換](4)Wethinkitisnecessarythatwegohome.(改為簡單句)→Wethinkitnecessarytogohome.3．Theword“think”wasalsoadifficultoneforHelenbutshehadabreakthroughwhileworkingonasimpletask.“思考”這個單詞對海倫來說也是一個很難學(xué)的詞，但是在做一件簡單的事情時，她取得了突破性進展。句中的whileworkingonasimpletask為狀語從句whileshewasworkingonasimpletask的省略形式。時間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句的省略有兩種情況：(1)從句的主語和主句的主語一致，且從句謂語中含有be動詞，可以省略從句中的主語和be動詞。(2)從句的主語是it，且從句謂語中含有be動詞，那么從句中的it可以和be動詞一起省略。(1)Iwon’tgotoattendhispartyunless(Iam)invited.除非被邀請，否則我不會去參加他的派對。(2)If(itis)necessary，don’thesitatetogivemeacall.如果有必要，請立刻給我打。(3)When(itis)convenient，I’llgotoseemyteacherlivinginthecountryside.方便時，我會去看望住在農(nóng)村的老師。[單句改錯](4)ThemanpickedupalittleFrenchwhileeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(he))或was\[KG*2]livinginFrance.4．ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstoodsuchaplexword—awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.這是海倫第一次明白這么復(fù)雜的單詞——一個表示一種她觸摸不到的東西的單詞。(1)在“Itis/wasthefirst/second...time(that)．..”結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語除it外，還可用this，that等，從句中一般用完成時態(tài)。如果前面是is，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果前面是was，從句用過去完成時。(2)It’stimeforsb.todosth.是某人做……的時候了。(3)Itis(high)time(that)．..shoulddo/did...該是……做……的時候了。(其中should不可省略)(1)ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeeninRussia.這是我第一次來俄羅斯。(2)Itwasthethirdtimethatshehadgone(go)abroad.這是她第三次出國了。(3)It’stimeforyoutopay(pay)attentiontoyourattitudetowardsyourwork.你該注意一下你的工作態(tài)度了。[單句改錯](4)It’stimethatyouwould或eq\f(would,should)putyourheartintoyourstudy.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thereisasevererestriction(restrict)againstsmokinginschools.2．Iwasn’tthere，butapparently(apparent)theconcertwasamazing.3．Cinemasmaygradually(gradual)bereplacedbyTVsandputersinthenextcentury.4．Therewerealargecrowdwaitingoutsideeagertosee(see)thepopsinger.5．Nowthatyouhaveagoodchance，whycan’tyougraspit?6．Theoldbuildingwasseverely(severe)damagedintheearthquake.7．Itwasthethirdtimethatthemanhadseen(see)thegirl.8．Ifinditdifficulttoworkouttheseproblemsinfiveminutes.9．Thesandbankwasuncertain(certain)，likequicksandunderhisfeet.10．Ifasked(ask)tolookafterluggageforsomeoneelse，informthepoliceatonce.Ⅱ.完成句子11．他們還沒有宣布在哪里舉行會議。Theyhaven’tmadeitknownwheretheyaretoholdtheconference.12．除非你改變想法，否則我?guī)筒涣四恪nlessyouchangeyourmind，Iwon’tbeabletohelpyou.13．是我的老師幫助我克服了各種困難。Itwasmyteacherwho/thathelpedmeovereallkindsofdifficulties.14．當(dāng)?shù)谝淮伪灰胧袌?，這些產(chǎn)品就大獲成功。Whenfirstintroducedtothemarket，theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.15．十天后這個人回到了家，又累又餓。Tendayslater，themanreturnedhome，hungryandtired.Ⅲ.課文短文改錯HelenKellerwasaveryspeciallygirlwhoneededsuperbteacher.Bythetimeshewassevenyearold，shestillcouldn’tspeak，readandwrite.AnneSullivan，ateacher，wasbroughtintotohelpHelen.HerthefirstgoalwastostopHelen’stroublesomebehaviour.Helenwouldhavetolearntounderstandwordsspellingonherhand.Thenoneday，asthewaterflowedoveronehand，Annespells“w-a-t-e-r”intotheotherhand.Helensuddenlyhadaburstofunderstand.Finally，theworldofwordswasopeninguptohim.答案HelenKellerwasaveryeq\f(specially,special)girlwhoneededeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))superbteacher.Bythetimeshewasseveneq\f(year,years)old，shestillcouldn’tspeak，readeq\f(and,or)write.AnneSullivan，ateacher，wasbroughteq\f(into,in)tohelpHelen.HerthefirstgoalwastostopHelen’stroublesomebehaviour.Helenwouldhavetolearntounderstandwordseq\f(spelling,spelled)onherhand.Thenoneday，asthewaterflowedoveronehand，Anneeq\f(spells,spelled)“w-a-t-e-r”intotheotherhand.Helensuddenlyhadaburstofeq\f(understand,understanding).Finally，theworldofwordswasopeninguptoeq\f(him,her).Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2017·湖南株洲二中高二檢測)Weliveinadigitalworldnow，andastudent’stechnologyneedshavechanged.Fortheearlyyears，saywhenyouareinprimaryschool，youcangetbywithnotechnologyatall.Evenifyouhaveaputer，it’sagoodideatogetchildrenfamiliarwithlibraries.Atthisage，tripstothelibraryarelikefamilyoutings.Asyougetclosertomiddleschool，aputerwithInternetaccessbeesmoreofanecessity.TeacherswilloftengiveassignmentsthatrequireastudenttousetheInternetforresearch.Afteraputer，technologychoicesforstudentsbeemoredifficulttomake—especiallywhenitestocell-phones.Kidswillbegtheirparentsforacell-phone，especiallyinmiddleschool.Formanyparents，it’sasafetyissue：Theywanttoknowthattheirkidscanreachthemquicklyifnecessary.Forteachers，cell-phonescanbeusedtorecordlessonswhenstudentsareabsent.Butmanyteachersdislikecell-phones.Somekidssendmessagesorhavetalksintheclass.Sendingmessagesalsoraisestheproblemofcheatingonexams.Moreandmoreschoolsarenowforbiddingtheuseofcell-phones.ManykidsseeiPodsasnecessarythingstohave.iPodsaregreatformusic，butdotheydoanythinggoodforyourchildren’seducation？Maybetheydo.That’stheopinionofDougJohnson，aneducatorfor30years.Johnsonsaysthateducatorsshouldacceptallnewformsoftechnologyintheclassroom，includingiPods.“Somedomorewiththeircell-phonesthanwecandowithourlaptops，”hejokes.“Idon’tthinkweshouldbeafraid.Thetruthisthatit’seasiertochangethewayweteachthantochangethetechnologyhabitsofanentiregeneration.”eq\x(語篇解讀本文介紹了電子產(chǎn)品的發(fā)展以及對不同發(fā)展階段的學(xué)生的影響。)1．Accordingtoauthor，primaryschoolchildrenshould.A．gotolibrariestoreadmorebooksB．a(chǎn)sktheirparentstobuythemcell-phonesC．buyiPodstolistentomusicD．usetheputerandtheInternetregularly答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Evenifyouhaveaputer，it’sagoodideatogetchildrenfamiliarwithlibraries.Atthisage，tripstothelibraryarelikefamilyoutings.”可知，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)生在小學(xué)階段應(yīng)該多去圖書館看書。2．Whydoparentsagreetobuytheirchildrencell-phones?A．Theywanttheirchildrentobecool.B．Theythinkcell-phonesarehelpfultotheirstudy.C．Theywanttokeepintouchwiththeirchildren.D．Theywanttheirchildrentokeepuptodate.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Formanyparents，it’sasafetyissue：Theywanttoknowthattheirkidscanreachthemquicklyifnecessary.”可知，有些家長同意給孩子買，是因為他們想與孩子隨時保持聯(lián)系。3．Thefollowingareallreasonswhymanyteachersdislikecell-phonesEXCEPTthat.A．cell-phonescanbeusedtocheatonexamsB．cell-phonescanbeusedtorecordlessonsC．schoolchildrenwillsendmessagesduringclassD．schoolchildrenmighttalkonthemduringclass答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后四句可知B為正確答案。4．WecaninferfromwhatDougJohnsonsaidthat.A．cell-phonesarenotusefultostudentsB．teachersshouldletstudentsusecell-phonesC．it’sbetterforteacherstochangetheirteachingmethodsD．schoolchildrenshouldfollowthetrendsoffashion答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Thetruthisthatit’seasiertochangethewayweteachthantochangethetechnologyhabitsofanentiregeneration.”可知，DougJohnson建議老師改變教學(xué)方法更容易些。B(2017·遼寧葫蘆島一中高二檢測)Thestorieswesharewithoneanotherareimportant.Theyshowwisdomandprovideinspiration.Theyareimportanttoourdevelopment.Butsometimespeoplechoosenottotell.Considerthenegativeeffectsofnotsharingastoryinthenews：PeoplearewonderingifpublichealthofficialsareholdingbacktoomuchinformationabouttherecentoutbreakofEbola.Thereisadangerinholdingbackstoriesthatoughttobetold.BobetteBustersaiditlikethis，“Thefactis，historyhasshownusthatstoriesnottoldcanbeelikeadangerousgenie(妖怪)leftinabottle.Whentheyarefinallyuncorked，theirpowertodestroyissetfree.”Thereareanumberofreasonswhywehidepartsofourstory：theyoftenshowourweaknessesorexposeourdisadvantages；theyrequirecourageandstrengthtoshare;andofcourse，therearesomestoriesthatshouldbekeptsecret—especiallythosethatembarrasssomeoneelse.Mostofushavetwoselves：theonewedisplayontheoutsideandtheoneweactuallyareontheinside.Andthebetterwegetathidingthestoriesthatshowourtrueselves，themoredamagewemaybecausingtoourselvesandtoothers.Honestyandopennessisimportant：Itproveswearetrustworthy.Itdisplayswearehuman.Wearenotperfectorbetter.Ithighlightstheimportanceofhardworkandpersonaldevelopment.Hardworkmaynotallowustoovereourdisadvantagespletely.Butwithhardwork，wedonothavetoberestrictedtoourmistakes.Doesthismeanweadmiteveryweakness，everydisadvantage，andeverysecretregrettoeverybodywemeet？No，ofcoursenot.Thereisatimeandaplaceandacertainlevelofrelationshipnecessaryforsomestoriestobetoldinanappropriatemanner.eq\x(語篇解讀本文為議論文，作者論證了人們之間彼此分享自身經(jīng)歷的重要性。)5．What’sthefunctionoftheexampleinParagraph2?A．ItreflectsthatpeopleareconcernedaboutthespreadofEbola.B．Itshowsthebadeffectcausedbysharingastory.C．Itprovesnotsharingastorycancausetrouble.D．Itconcludesthatoneshouldshareastoryatapropertime.答案C解析推理判斷題。文章第一段告訴讀者分享經(jīng)歷很重要；第二段介紹新聞封鎖的負(fù)面影響，從反面證明不分享消息帶來的麻煩，故答案為C項。6．Oneofthereasonswhypeopleareunwillingtoshareexperiencesisthat.A．story-sharinghighlightstheimportanceofhardworkB．peopleareusedtoexposingtheirweaknessesC．peoplesometimeshavenocouragetosharetheirstoriesD．somestoriesmakethemselvesfeeluneasy答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“...theyoftenshowourweaknessesorexposeourdisadvantages；theyrequirecourageandstrengthtoshare...”可知人們之所以不愿意和別人分享自己的經(jīng)歷是因為他們?nèi)狈τ職?，故答案為C項。7．Thewriteraimstoconvinceusto.A．beopentopeopleclosetoyoubysharingsomesecretsB．sharestoriesappropriatelyforthegoodofothersandourselvesC．removethedangersthatcanbecausedbyuntoldstoriesD．realizetheimportanceofbeinghonestwhenmakingfriends答案B解析推理判斷題。通讀全文尤其是第五段第二句“Andthebetterwegetathidingthestoriesthatshowourtrueselves，themoredamagewemaybecausingtoourselvesandtoothers.”及文章最后一句可知作者寫這篇文章的目的是說服我們?yōu)榱俗约汉退藨?yīng)適當(dāng)分享自己的經(jīng)歷。故答案為B項。Ⅱ.七選五(2018·陜西西安一中高二檢測)Tosomeonestuckinatrafficjam，theabilitytoflyrightoverothercarsseemslikeadream.8Thatmaybechanging.Nearlyadozenpaniesaroundtheglobearepetingtobethefirsttodevelopaflyingcar.Oneoftheideasbeingdevelopedisacarwithwingsthatunfoldforflight.But，mostaren’tcarsatall.Theyaremorelikehelicoptersandareoperatedbyabattery-poweredmotor.9panieshavetoconvincethegovernmentthattheflyingcarsaresafe.Theywillalsoneedlonger-lastingbatteries.And，citieswillhavetofigureouthowtohandlethousandsofflyingcarsinthesky.Still，somepaniesaremovingforward.10Especiallyascitiesgrowmorecrowdedandpeoplespendmoretimebeingstuckintraffic.Thesetaxiswoulddeliverpassengerstotherooftopsofofficebuildingsduringrushhours.“Inaslittleas10years，productscouldbeonthemarketthatrevolutionizeurbantravel