2024山東省臨沂市高三年級下冊一模英語試題和答案

2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（模擬）

英語2024.3

本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本

試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

EYLEA

ConsumerBriefSummary

ThissummarycontainsriskandsafetyinformationforpatientsaboutEYLEA.Itdoesnotincludeallthe

informationanddoesnottaketheplaceoftalkingtoyoureyedoctor.

WhatisEYLEA?

EYLEAisamedicinethatworksbyblockingvascularendothelialgrowthfactor（VEGF）,whichcancause

fluidtoleakintothemacula（視網(wǎng)膜黃斑）.

WhatisEYLEAusedfor?

EYLEAisindicatedforthetreatmentofpatientswith:

,MacularEdemaFollowingRetinalVeinOcclusion（RVO）

,DiabeticMacularEdema（DME）

,DiabeticRetinopathy（DR）

HowisEYLEAgiven?

EYLEAisaninjection（注射）administeredbyeyedoctorandtheinjectionsaregivenondifferentschedules.

Confirmwithyourdoctorwhichscheduleisappropriate.

WhatarethemostcommonsideeffectsofEYLEA?

,Eyepain

,Lightsensitivity

,Increasedeyeredness

Formorepossiblesideeffects,askyoureyedoctor.Youareencouragedtoreportnegativesideeffectsof

prescriptiondrugstotheFDA.Visit/medwatch,orcall1-800-FDA-1088.

WhatshouldItellmyeyedoctorbeforereceivingEYLEA?

,Infectionsinoraroundtheeye

,Eyepainorredness

?BeingallergictoanyingredientsinEYLEA

?Beingorplanningtobepregnant

WherecanIlearnmoreaboutEYLEA?

ForamorecomprehensivereviewofEYLEAsafetyandriskinformation,talktoyourhealthcareproviderand

seethefullinformationatEYLEA.com.

1.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?

A.Eyedoctors.B.Medicinestudents.

C.Drugresearchers.D.Patientswitheyeconditions.

2.HowcanyoulearnmoreaboutEYLEA?

A.VisitEYLEA.com.B.Calll-800-FDA-1088.

C.Visit/medwatch.D.Talktoamedicalprofessor.

3.Whatisthistext?

A.Amedicalreport.B.Anintroductiontoabook.

C.Ahealthcarecontract.D.Apieceofmedicalinstructions.

B

WatfordandherfamilyhavelivedinCurtisBay,Baltimoreforgenerations.Hercommunityhasfaced

environmentalinjustice.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveinhercommunity.Asaresult,herneighborshavehadto

livewithseriousrespiratory(呼吸的)problems.

Whensheknewaplantobuildthenation5slargesttrash-burningincinerator(焚化爐)lessthanamileaway

fromherhighschool,sherealizedshehadtotakeaction.Theincineratorwasbeingsoldwronglyasclean,renewable

energyequipmentbutactuallyitwouldbeasourceofbrain-damagingchemicalsandwouldrelease200milliontons

ofgreenhousegasesperyear,bothworsethancoalburning.Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnher

communitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.

Sheco-foundedFreeYourVoice(FYV),a10-personstudentorganizationdevotedtocommunityrightsand

socialjustice.Together,theydecidedtostartacampaigntotakedownEnergyAnswers,theincinerator'sdeveloper.

Theywentdoor-to-doortalkingtoneighborsandorganizingprotests.

WhenitwasdiscoveredthatBaltimoreCityPublicSchools(BCPS)wasgoingtobeacustomerofEnergy

Answers,theorganizationfoughtwiththeboardandpresentedtheircase,urgingBCPStowithdrawfromtheproject.

BCPSwasconvincedtocanceltheircontract,whichinturninspired22othercustomerstodothesame.Withoutany

financialgain,EnergyAnswershadnomarkettomoveforwardwithitsplan.

WatfbrdcontinuestoworkwithCurtisBayresidentstowardfairdevelopment.Theyhaveavisionforthefuture

whichincludesbuildingazero-wastemovement,asolarfarm,andgreenjobs.Shewantstheentirehumanfamilyto

jointhefightforenvironmentaljusticebecausesurvivalasaspeciesdependsonourabilitytotakeaction.

4.WhatcausedrespiratoryproblemsinWatford'scommunity?

A.Poormedicalcare.B.Terribleenvironmentalconditions.

C.Constantbacterialinfection.D.Unbalanceddistributionofresources.

5.WhatisWatford'sattitudetobuildingtheincinerator?

A.Unfavourable.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Indifferent.

6.Whatwastheresultoftheircampaign?

A.BCPSlostfinancialsupport.B.EnergyAnswersstoppeditsplan.

C.Theinvestorsfoundnewmarket.D.Manycustomersrevisedtheircontracts.

7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Ateenageheroagainsturbanpollution

B.Ateenageherofightingforanadvancedcity

C.AbattleforBaltimore'sskybyateenagehero

D.Thesocialjusticechallengeforateenagehero

C

Humansworkhardtoavoidviruses.Sickpeopleareisolated,diseasedanimalsarekilledandfieldsofinfected

cropsarefiredup.Reviving（復(fù)活）anancientviruswouldsurelybeadisaster.

ButanewstudyledbyFiddamanfromOxford,challengesthisconventionalwisdom.Itshowshowtherevivalof

anancientviruscanunlockthesecretsofitsevolution.

ThevirusinthestudyisMarek'sdiseasevirus（MDV）,killingmorethan90%ofchickens.Yetwhenitwas

discoveredin1907,MDVrarelycauseddeath.

DrFiddamanwonderedwhetheritsnew-foundvirulence（毒t生）wasaresultoflargestructuralchanges.To

findout,heandhiscolleaguesgottheirhandsonnearly1,000chickenbonesfromancienttimesacrossEuropeand

Asia,someofthemupto2000yearsold.SectionsofDNAfromtheseremainsweremappedontotheonesoftoday's

virus.

AstheauthorspiecedtogetherthesetsofgenesofancientMDV,however,theynoticedthatthegeneswere

arrangedidenticallytothoseinmodemspecies.Itsuggeststhattheincreasedvirulenceresultednotfromlarge

structuralchanges,butfrompointmutations（突變）.Inparticular,changeshadoccurredinthearrangementofa

genecalledMEQ,whichhasanessentialroleintumour（月中瘤）formation.

ThisdiscoverysuggeststhattheancientMDVmaynothavebeenabletocausetumours.Totestthisassumption,

DrFiddamanfollowedupwithadaringexperiment.HemadetheancientformoftheMEQgeneandshootitinto

livingchickencells.Itdidnotturnonanyofthegenesassociatedwithtumourformation.Incomparison,amodem

MEQgenequicklyshoweditstendencytocausetumours.

Bycombiningancientandmodemgeneticbiology,themethodspioneeredinthepaperrevealhow,andmore

importantlywhy,anyvirusmutates.Thatcouldhelpscientiststackleothervirusesthatpullonthepurse-stringsof

farmers-bydesigningnewvaccines（疫苗）,forinstance-oreventoworkouthowtopreventanotherglobal

pandemic.

8.Whatiswidelyacknowledgedabouttherevivalofanancientvirus?

A.Itisachallengingtask.B.Itrevealsthevirusevolution.

C.Itmeansadisasterforhumans.D.Ithelpspeoplefightdiseases.

9.WhatcausedthevirulencechangeofMDV?

A.PointmutationsinMEQ.B.Theoccurranceofanewgene.

C.ThereproductionoftheancientMDV.D.Largestructuralchangesinmodemspecies.

10.HowdidDrFiddamantesttheassumption?

A.Byinvestigatingatypicalcase.B.Byconductingafieldsurvey.

C.Bystudyingtherelatedtheories.D.Bydoingacomparativeexperiment.

11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Virusesweakengraduallywhentheymutate.

B.Thefindingthrowslightonhandlingotherviruses.

C.Aglobalpandemicrequiresaworldefforttoendit.

D.Farmerswillfacemorecomplexchallengesthanbefore.

D

WhenAmericananthropologistColinTurnbullpublishedTheMountainPeoplein1972,hereferredtohis

subjects-aUgandangroupcalledtheIk一as"thelovelesspeople.^^Aftertwoyearsofobservations,hedecidedthat

theyreflectedhumanity'sbasicinstincts（本能）:cheat,thievery,andpitilessness.ButwhenAthenaAktipisandher

colleaguesfromtheHumanGenerosityProjecttookadeeperlook,theyidentifiedacommunitythatshared

everything.t6TumbullhadvisitedUgandaduringadisastrousfamine（饑荒）.Allhesawiswhathappenswhen

peoplearestarving.saysAktipis.Butherteamrevealedthatdespitelivingunderpressure,theIkplacedahighvalue

onhelpingoneanotherwhentheycould.

Aktipisbelievesthataltruismismorecommonandbeneficialthanevolutionarysocialsciencehaslongthought.

“Itwasassumedthatpeoplearedesignedtoonlydothingstohelpthemselvesortheirrelatives.^^shesays.By

studyingtheunique,selflesspracticesthathelpedninecommunitiesacrosstheworldtocontinuetoexist,theexperts

fromtheProjectarelookingtoshowthatweareindeedcapableofwidespreadcooperation.

TheMaasaipeopleinKenyaprovideoneoftheproject5smainpoints.Theyrelyontwo-wayfriendshipsfor

resourceslikefoodorwaterwhenthey9reinneed,withoutexpectinganyrepayment.Also,aworldaway,inNew

Mexico,whilefolksoftenhelptransportcattleandreceivesupportinreturn,theywillassistwithoutrepaymentif

someonefacesdifficulties,suchasaninjuryorthedeathofalovedone.

Aktipisbelievestheoreticalframeworksshe'sperfectedthroughstudyingthesegroupscanapplybroadlytoany

interdependentsystems.Herbiggoalistodesignsocial-servicesystemsthatsupporteveryone.Takemarket-based

insuranceintheUnitedStatesasanexample:Ifspricedbasedonindividualriskfactorssuchashealthhistoriesand

wherepeoplelive,whichmeansmillionsofAmericanscan'taffordit.Butinasystembuiltonneighboring,pooled

costs（合并成本）wouldleveltheburdenduringcollectivehardshiplikenaturaldisastersandpandemics.

12.WhatdidTurnbullthinkoftheIkpeople?

A.Heartless.B.Helpful.C.Restless.D.Generous.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruism“inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Tryingtobestrongandtoughtosurvive.

B.Makingfulluseofthesurroundingresources.

C.Beingdevotedtothemselvesortheirrelatives.

D.Caringabouttheneedsandhappinessofothers.

14.Whatdoesparagraph3intendtoconvey?

A.Friendshipsguaranteeawell-beinglife.B.Folksassisteachothertogetsupport.

C.Cooperationisagoodandnaturalinstinct.D.Peopletendtoprovideresourcesforfree.

15.HowdoesAktipisintendtoapplyherfindings?

A.Bydesigningapolicyforpublichealth.

B.Bymonitoringindividualhealthhistories.

C.Bycreatingasystemagainstcollectivehardship.

D.Byloweringinsurancepricesforindividualvictims.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

MarkCovington,founderoftheGeorgiaStreetCommunityCollectiveinDetroit,standsinacomerofhisurban

farm,breathingthefreshairintheearlymorning.16Earlyintheday,thegreencropsgivinglifetotomatoes,

cabbages,eggplants,andmorearebathedingold,asifbeingwateredbythesun.Thesoundsofdogs,pigs,roosters,

andagroupofstirringbeesdrownoutthesoundsofthecity.

In2007,Covingtonlosthisjobandreturnedtohischildhoodstreet.17"Itwasdirty,“hesaid."There

werealwaysvacantlots,buttheyhadalwaysbeenmaintainedforchildrentoplayon.^^Heknewthatifhejustcleaned

themup,peoplewouldpileonthemagain.18

Covingtonstartedwithasmallcommunitygarden.19Onemothersentthreechildrentohelphimbuilda

largergardenwherethekidscouldgrowfood,staybusyduringthesummerandaddstructuretotheirlives.Littleby

littletheseedstookroot,asthehandsonthegardenthatwouldevolveintoafarmmultiplied.

20Ononecomer:amoviescreenandapublicgardenwithvegetableandflowerbeds.Onanother:a

farmandacommunitycenterinabuilding.Nearbyaregarlicbedsandagreenhouse.tcIfssomewhatspiritualforme,“

Covingtonsays."It'slikeasanctuary（圣殿）.Peoplecomehereanddon'twanttoleave.^^

A.Butifheplantedstuffytheymightnot.

B.It'satypicalmorningsceneatthecollective.

C.Hesawgarbagepiledhighinvacant,abandonedlots.

D.Covingtonmadethegardenalittlebiggertoplantmore.

E.Andalmostimmediatelyneighborsbeganaskingtoparticipate.

F.Heplantedagardentohelpfeedresidentsandenrichtheirlives.

G.Whatbeganasanefforttoremovetrashhasturnedintoasiteofcommunity.

第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該

項涂黑。

Whateverthepatienfsageordisease,ahospitalstaycanbestressful,especiallyforkids.EffortslikeElla'sarea

（an）21spotduringatoughtime.

Itbeganin2018,whenEllacelebratedherbirthdayina22way——agiftdrive.Sincethen,ithas23

eachyearinearlyOctober,afewweeksbeforeherbirthday.Alongwitha（an）24toherparty,Ella's

friendsgetalistofgiftideasforkidsatthehospital.Fortheyoungest25,giftsmightincludebuildingblocks

orstuffedtoys.Thenit'stimetosharethegifts."Seeingotherpeople's26一that'sallthatmatterstome,“

Ellasays.

Afterthefirstround,thenumberofdonations27everyyear.Butshedoesn'tkeepanexactcount.___

28,shejudgesbysight.atWemeasurehowmuchofthecarpetitcoversinourlivingroom,^^Ellasays."Lastyear,

it29theentirecarpet.”

Allison,workingatBrighamChildren'sHospital,hasseenfirsthandthe30ofElla'sgift-giving."She

putssmileonthefacesoftheselittlepatientsinourhospital,9,Allisonsays.t6Theyareallamazedather31at

suchayoungage.”

Ella's32tohelpkidsinthehospitalhaveinspiredothersto33inherfootsteps.Friendshave

collectedand34giftsfortheirbirthdaystoo.

“35toothersisagoodfeelingtohaveattheendofthedayJEllasays."Iwanttokeepdoingthisaslong

asIcan.”

21.A.independentB.extraC.freeD.bright

22.A.newB.privateC.fancyD.natural

23.A.workedoutB.kickedoffC.givenoutD.thoughtup

24.A.letterB.recreationC.invitationD.cake

25.A.workersB.patientsC.parentsD.nurses

26.A.happinessB.recognitionC.behaviorD.admiration

27.A.changesB.growsC.declinesD.maintains

28.A.ThusB.SomehowC.SometimesD.Instead

29.A.reachedB.includedC.decoratedD.covered

30.A.excitementB.effectC.inspirationD.feature

31.A.generosityB.explorationC.ambitionD.progress

32.A.promisesB.aimsC.effortsD.proposals

33.A.followB.engageC.trackD.mix

34.A.receivedB.countedC.gatheredD.donated

35.A.RespondingB.RelatingC.GivingD.Comparing

第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Playinganinstrumentorsinginginachoirmayboostyourbrain.Forgenerations,parents36

(encourage)theirchildrentopracticeplayingmusicalinstruments.Parentshavegoodreasontoprioritizetheir

children'smusicaleducation.Learninganinstrumentisnotonlyassociatedwith37(good)educational

attainmentbutalsowithimprovedcognitive(認(rèn)矢口的)abilitiesandintelligence(智力)scoresinchildren.

Theresultsofarecentstudy38(investigate)thisquestionshowedthatmusicalpeoplehadbetter

memoryandtheabilitytostay39(focus)ontasksthanthosewithlessornomusicality.

However,40madeadifferenceamongthosewhoplayedaninstrumentwaswhethertheycontinuedto

play41hadonlyplayedinthepast.Currentamateurmusiciansexhibitedthehighestcognitiveperformance

amongparticipants.

Continuedengagement42cognitivelystimulatingactivities,likeplayinganinstrument,islikely43

(lead)tosustainedbrainhealth.Incontrast,playingtherecorderforonlythreeyearsinprimaryschoolmaynot

44(significant)impactourcognitiveperformancelaterinlife.

Giventheoverallbenefitsoflearninganinstrumentorparticipatinginachoir,engaginginsuchacognitive—

45(stimulate)asweagecouldbebeneficial.

第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

假如你是李華，你校外教Ryan打算開展英語閱讀活動，現(xiàn)向?qū)W生征求意見，請你給外教回復(fù)一封郵件，陳

述建議并給出理由，內(nèi)容包括：

1.材料選擇；

2.閱讀形式(小組合作或自主閱讀)。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

DearRyan,

Yours,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Becky,a12-year-oldgirl,wasdeepinhermathshomework.HerfatherBillaskedhertohelpfixthegateofthe

stall（牛欄）.“Icouldn'tcomeoutandhelp,Daddy,“sheresponded,withoutevenlookingup."I'llgetextramarks

ifIdotheseequations（方程式）

Frowning,BillwasconcernedaboutBecky.Sheonlylovednumbers,showinglittleinterestinotherthings.Bill

hopedhisdaughtercouldenjoyanimalsandhelpontheirfarm.

“Wouldn'tyouliketowintheblueribboncompetitionwithyourveryowncalfnextyear?”Billrefusedtogive

up.Inthecompetition,childrenshowthecalvestheyraiseandthebestcalf（4、牛）withalargebuild,well-

developedmusclesandstronglegswouldgettheblueribbon.

Beckylistenedwithoutaword.ctYouknow,raisingacalfalsorequiresmathmatics,likecalculatingtheexpenses

tomaintainhealthandmuscledevelopmentduringgrowth.Billcontinued.

ItseemedthatsomethingclickedwithBecky,“Itmightbeaperfectopportunitytoshowmymathtalents.^^She

thenfollowedherdadintothestall.Billpointedtoanewbomcalf."Heresheis!Tag333.Shewillbethebestcalf!^^

Beckylooked,andasmilebrightenedherface.tcOK.I'llgiveitatry.”

Inthefollowingweeks,shestartedajournalofprojectedexpenses-vaccinations,registrationfees,vetbills,

grainandhay."She'sfinallygettinginterestedincattle/5Billthought.ButforBecky,thecalfseemedmorelikea

mathematicalchallengethanalivinganimalthatwouldrequirecareandlove.

Wintercamethetoughtimeforthecalves.Onemorning,anextremesnowstormhit.Calves!BillandBecky

hurriedtothestalltocheck.AllthecalveswereinsideexceptTag333!Wherewasshe?Theysearchedeverywhere

andfinallyfoundheramileawayfromthestall.Thelittlecalfwaslyingstill,coverediniceandsnow.Hereyelids

weresealedshutbyglitteringfrost.t4Isshedead?”Beckycried.Billpressedhisfingersagainstthecalfschest.t6No.

Butweneedtodosomething-fast/9heurged.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答.

Theyrushedthecalfintothestall.

Timeflyingby,thejudgingdayfinallyarrived.

高三一?？荚囉⒄Z試題

參考答案

2024.3

第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

1-3DAD4-7BABC8-11CADB12-15ADCC

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

16-20BCAEG

第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）

21-25DABCB26-30ABDDB31-35ACADC

第二節(jié)語篇填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

36.haveencouraged/havebeenencouraging37.better38.investigated39.focused

4O.whatt41.or42.in43.toIead44.significantly45.stimulatior

第三部分寫作（滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（滿分15分）

OnePossibleversion:

DearRyan.

AllthestudentsareexcitedabouttheupcomingEnglishreadingactivity,andIamwritingtoexpressmy

opinionaboutit.

Ifstudentsareallowedtochoosewhattheyread,Ibelievetheywillprovetobeenthusiasticreaders.Besides,it

isbeneficialtoformreadinggroupssothatwecandiscusswiththosewhohavethesametaste.Activitieslikerole-

play,movieappreciation,orreadingexperiencesharingwouldprovidemorechancesforstudentstobetterthe

understandingofthebooksaswell.

Hopemyopinionwillbehelpfulandtheeventwillstartsoon!

Yours.

LiHua

應(yīng)用文寫作評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

一、評分細(xì)則

1.本題總分為15分，分五個檔次進(jìn)行評分。

2.評分時應(yīng)主要從內(nèi)容組織、詞匯語法和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)三個方面考慮。具體為：

（1）對于內(nèi)容要點的覆蓋情況以及表述的清楚程度和合理性。

（2）使用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確性、恰當(dāng)性和多樣性。

（3）上下文的銜接和全文的連貫性。

3.評分時，先根據(jù)作答的整體情況初步確定其所屬檔次,然后以該檔次的要求來綜合衡量確定或調(diào)整檔次,

最后給分。

4.評分時還應(yīng)注意：

（1）詞數(shù)少于60的，酌情扣分。

（2）單詞拼寫和標(biāo)點符號是寫作規(guī)范的重要方面，評分時應(yīng)視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮，英美拼寫及

詞匯用法均可接受。

⑶書寫較差，以至影響交際的將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個檔次。

二、各檔次的給分范圍和要求

第五檔：（13-15）能寫明全部要點，語言基本無誤，行文連貫，表達(dá)無誤。

第四檔：(10-12)能寫明全部或絕大部分要點，語言有少量錯誤，行文不夠連貫，表達(dá)基本清楚。

第三檔：(7-9)能寫明基本要點，語言雖有較多錯誤，但能基本達(dá)意。

第二檔：(4-6)能寫出部分要點，語言錯誤多，影響意思表達(dá)。

第一檔：(1-3)只能寫出一兩個要點，里面錯誤很多，只有個別句子正確。

第二節(jié)(滿分25分)

Onepossibleversion:

They