英語（人教版選修8）練習Unit1section3LearningaboutLanguageUsingLanguag（活頁作業(yè)）

活頁作業(yè)(三)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2015·高考福建卷，A)AFoodfestivalsaroundtheworldStiltonCheeseRollingMayDayisatraditionaldayforcelebrations，butthe2,000EnglishvillagersofStiltonmustbetheonlypeopleintheworldwhoincludecheeserollingintheirannualplans.Teamsoffour，dressedinavarietyofstrangeandfunnyclothes，rollapletecheesealonga50-metrecourse.Ontheway，theymustnotkickorthrowtheircheese，orgointotheirpetitors’lane(賽道)．petitionisfierceandthechiefprizeisapleteStiltoncheeseweighingaboutfourkilos(disappointingly，butunderstandablythecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones)．Allthepetitorsareservedwithbeerorportwine，thetraditionalacpanimentforStiltoncheese.FieryFoodsFestival—TheHottestFestivalonEarthEveryyearmore-than10,000peopleheadforthecityofAlbuquerque，NewMexico.TheyefromasfarawayasAustralia，theCaribbeanandChina，buttheyallshareamonaddiction—foodthatisnotjustspicy(辛辣)，buthotenoughtomakeyourmouthburn，yourheadspinandyoureyeswater.TheirdestinationistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalwhichisheldoveraperiodofthreedayseveryMarch.Youmightliketotryachocolate-coveredhabaneropepper—officiallythehottestpepperintheworld—oranyoneofthethousandsofproductsthatareonshow.Butonething’sforsure—ifyoudon’tlikethefeelingofaburningtongue，thisfestivalisn’tforyou!LaTomatina—TheWorld’sBiggestFoodFightOnthelastWednesdayofeveryAugust，theSpanishtownofBunolhostsLaTomatina—theworld’slargestfoodfight.Aweek-longcelebrationleadsuptoanexcitingtomatobattleasthehighlightoftheweek’sevents.Theearlymorningseesthearrivaloflargetruckswithtomatoes-officialfightstartersgetthingsgoingbycastingtomatoesatthecrowd.Thebattlelastslittlemorethanhalfanhour，inwhichtimearound50,000kilogramsoftomatoeshavebeenthrownatanyoneoranythingthatmoves，runs，orfightsback.Theneveryoneheadsdowntotherivertomakefriendsagain—andforamuch-neededwash!1．IntheStiltoncheeserollingpetition，petitorsoneachteammust________.A．wearvariousformalclothesB．rollawoodencheeseintheirownlaneC．kickorthrowtheircheeseD．usearealcheeseweighingaboutfourkilos2．WhereistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalheld?A．InNewMexico. B．IntheCaribbean.C．InAustralia. D．InChina.3．ThecelebrationofLaTomatinalasts________.A．threedaysB．sevendaysC．lessthanthreedaysD．morethansevendays4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．ThechiefprizefortheStiltoncheeserollingpetitionisbeerorportwine.B．Morethan10,000ChinesetakepartintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.C．ThousandsofspicyfoodsareonshowintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.D．AnexcitingtomatobattletakesplaceatthebeginningofLaTomatina.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了世界各地跟食物有關的節(jié)日。你知道它們都是些什么樣的有趣節(jié)日嗎？快來讀一下吧！1．解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的Stiltoncheeserolling可以定位到文章第一段。由第一段中的Teamsoffour，dressedinavarietyofstrangeandfunnyclothes...可排除A項；由Ontheway，theymustnotkickorthrowtheircheese...可排除C項；由thecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones可排除D項；由Ontheway，theymustnot...gointotheirpetiors’lane.和thecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones可知答案為B項。答案：B2．解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的FieryFoodandBBQFestival可以定位到文章第二段。由第二段中的Everyyearmorethan10,000peopleheadforthecityofAlbuquerque，NewMexico.和TheirdestinationistheFieryFoodandBBQFestival...可知答案為A項。答案：A3．解析：細節(jié)理解題。由題干中的LaTomatina可以定位到文章第三段。由第三段中的Aweek-longcelebration...可知，LaTomatina的慶祝持續(xù)一周。故答案為B項。答案：B4．解析：推理判斷理。由第一段中的．..thechiefprizeisapleteStiltoncheeseweighingaboutfourkilos...可知A項錯誤；由第二段中的Everyyearmorethan10,000peopleheadfor...TheyefromasfarawayasAustralia，theCaribbeanandChina...可知B項中的Chinese錯誤；由第二段中的．..oranyoneofthethousandsofproductsthatareonshow.可知C項正確；由第三段中的．..anexcitingtomatobattleasthehighlightoftheweek’sevents.可知D項中的atthebeginningof錯誤。故答案為C項。答案：CBAmericanshavetakenoverfromtheIndians’manythingsbesidestheircontinent！Wheredidcorn，potatoes，tomatoes，chocolateandmaplesugarefrom？TheIndians.Whoinventedmoccasins，snowshoesandhammocks？TheIndians!Alistofthetools，plants，materials，anddesignsweowetotheIndianswouldincludehundredsofitems.Butthereissomethingfarmorefamiliar，somethingthatisalwaysathand.ItisuseddailybyeveryAmerican：alargevocabularyofIndianwords.Potato，tomato，chocolate，moccasinandhammockcameintoEnglishfromIndianlanguages.Sodidcocoa，tobacco，maize(anIndianwordforcorn)andsuccotash.Somewordshavechangedontheway.Potato，forexample，esfromawordthatsoundslike“batata”.Cocoabeganas“cacahuatl”．Somemeaningshavealsochanged.ThelongIndianwordfromwhichsuccotashesmeans“somethingbrokenoffinbits”.Indianwomenoftenvariedtheirdishesbymixingbitsofonefoodwithanother.WhitemenwhoateanIndiandishofmixedlimabeans(青豆)andcornbeganusingtheIndianwordtomeanthisparticularmixture.Putonyourmoccasinsandtakeawalkinthecountry.Ifitisacolddayandyouwearamackinaw，yourjacketwillbeasIndianasyourshoes.Butmackinawcamefrom“michilimackinac，”theIndiannameofaplacewhereafort(集市)servedasatradingpost.Bright-coloredblanketsorjacketsboughtatthepostsoonbecameknownas“mackinaws”．EarlywhitevisitorstothecontinentfoundIndianwordsusefulforthethingsnewtothem.ButsomeIndiansounds，suchasthe“tl”attheendofmanywords，werehardtosay.Thatiswhy“coyotl”becamecoyoteand“tomatl”becametomato.Somewordssimplyseemedtoolong.So，“musickwautash”becamesuccotashand“rockahominy”becamehominy.語篇解讀：本文介紹了很多進入英語的印第安詞語。5．Thefirsttwoparagraphsmayserveasa(n)________.A．explanation B．introductionC．ment D．background解析：文章結構題。前兩段通過介紹美國人從印第安人那里學到的事物引出了文章的話題——進入英語的印第安詞語。答案：B6．Whichofthefollowinghasbeenchangedforeasierpronunciation?A．Batata. B．Chocolate.C．Tomatl. D．Rockahominy.解析：細節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第二段介紹了因為發(fā)音難而改變的一些詞語，并舉例說明，故選C項。答案：C7．Peoplechangedtheword“coyotl”into“coyote”to______.A．differfromsomeAmericanwordsB．makeiteasytosayC．makeiteasytospellD．createanewword解析：推理判斷題。第六段第二、三句提到，因為“tl”不容易發(fā)音，因此單詞coyotl演變?yōu)閏oyote，tomatl演變?yōu)閠omato，由此可見，B項為正確答案。答案：B8．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．HowIndiantraditionsaffectus.B．WhyIndianwordswerechanged.C．ThingsweowetotheIndians.D．Indianwordsallaroundus.解析：主旨大意題。本文介紹了很多進入英語的印第安詞語，故選D。答案：DⅡ.完形填空IusedtobelieveintheAmericanDream，whichmeantajob，amortgage(按揭)，creditcards，success.Iwanteditandworkedtowarditlikeeveryoneelse，allofus__1__chasingthesamething.Oneyear，throughaseriesofunhappyevents，itallfell__2__.Ifoundmyselfhomelessandalone.Ihadmytruckand$56.I__3__thecountrysideforsomeplaceIcouldrentforthe__4__possibleamount.Icameuponashabbyhousefourmilesupawindingmountainroad__5__thePotomacRiverinWestVirginia.Itwas__6__，fullofbrokenglassandrubbish.Ifoundtheowner，rentedit，and__7__acornertocampin.Thelocalsknewnothingaboutme，__8__slowly，theystartedteachingmethe__9__ofbeinganeighbor.Theydroppedoffblankets，candles，andtools，andbegan__10__aroundtochat.Theystartedtoteachmeabeliefina__11__AmericanDream—nottheoneofindividualachievementbutof__12__.WhatIhadbelievedin，allthosethingsIthoughtwere__13__foracivilizedlife，werenonexistentinthisplace.__14__onthemountain，mymostvaluablepossessionsweremy__15__withmyneighbors.Fouryearslater，Imovedbackinto__16__.Isawmanypeoplewerehavingareallyhardtime，__17__theirjobsandhomes.Imanagedtorentabigenoughhouseto__18__ahandfulofpeople.Therearefourofusnowinthehouse，butovertimeI’vehadninepeopleeinandmoveontootherplaces.We’dallbein__19__ifwehadn’tbandedtogether.TheAmericanDreamIbelieveinnowisasharedone.It’snotsomuchaboutwhatIcangetformyself；it’sabout__20__wecanallgetbytogether.1．A.separately B．equallyC．violently D．naturally2．A.off B．apartC．over D．out3．A.crossed B．leftC．toured D．searched4．A.fullest B．largestC．fairest D．cheapest5．A.at B．throughC．over D．round6．A.occupied B．abandonedC．emptied D．robbed7．A.turned B．approachedC．cleared D．cut8．A.but B．althoughC．otherwise D．for9．A.benefit B．lessonC．nature D．art10．A.sticking B．lookingC．swinging D．turning11．A.wild B．realC．different D．remote12．A.neighborliness B．happinessC．friendliness D．kindness13．A.unique B．expensiveC．rare D．necessary14．A.Up B．DownC．Deep D．Along15．A.cooperation B．relationshipsC．satisfaction D．appointments16．A.reality B．societyC．town D．life17．A.creating B．losingC．quitting D．offering18．A.putin B．turninC．takein D．getin19．A.yards B．sheltersC．camps D．cottages20．A.when B．whatC．whether D．how語篇解讀：每個人都有自己的夢想，作者通過親身經歷認識到自己心中的美國夢不應該是孤立的、自私的一己之夢，而是建立在大家一起努力的集體力量之上的共同的夢。1．解析：根據(jù)第三段中的“individual”可知應選separately，表示每個人都在各自追求同樣的事情。答案：A2．解析：根據(jù)本段內容可知，作者的夢想破碎了。fallapart表示“破裂；破碎”，符合語境。fallover“被……絆倒”；falloff“減少；下降”；fallout“爭吵；掉落、脫落；解散”。答案：B3．解析：search...for...表示“在……尋找……”，符合語境。答案：D4．解析：根據(jù)上文內容可知，作者身上只剩下56美元，因此他會租最便宜的房子。答案：D5．解析：蜿蜒的山路應該是在河的對岸，故此處用介詞over。答案：C6．解析：根據(jù)句中對房子的描寫可知它已經好久沒有人住了，因此選abandoned“廢棄的”。答案：B7．解析：因為房子里到處都是碎玻璃和垃圾，因此作者清理了一個角落安身。clear“清除；清理”，符合語境。答案：C8．解析：當?shù)厝艘稽c兒都不了解作者，但是漸漸地他們開始教作者做鄰居的技巧。空處前后為轉折關系，因此選but。答案：A9．解析：根據(jù)文章后面的內容可知，作者從鄰居那里學到了做鄰居的技巧，因此選D。答案：D10．解析：stickaround表示“逗留”，符合語境。答案：A11．解析：根據(jù)句中破折號后面的內容可知，此處表示一個不同的美國夢，因此選different。答案：C12．解析：根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“neighbor”和文章的中心可知應選neighborliness，與本句中的individual形成對比。答案：A13．解析：我原本認為的一切對于舒適的生活來說都是必需的東西在這里卻找不到蹤影，因此選necessary，與句中的“nonexistent”相對應。答案：