Unit7Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheir核心語(yǔ)法（人教版）(教師版)

Unit7Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes內(nèi)容提要：含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)舊知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：is/am/are+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞各種句式：陳述句：主語(yǔ)+is/am/are+(not)+done+其他Thefilmislovedbymanyteenagers.Theyarenotrequiredtoleavetheroom.一般疑問(wèn)句：Is/Am/Are+(not)+主語(yǔ)+done+其他？Isthebookkeptbysomeoneelse?特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/am/are+(not)+done+其他？Whataretheboysaskedtodobytheteacher?一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞各種句式：陳述句：主語(yǔ)+was/were+(not)+done+其他Theroomwaslocked.Weweren’ttoldwhenthemeetingwouldbegin.一般疑問(wèn)句：Was/Were+(not)+主語(yǔ)+done+其他？Wasn’tTominvitedtotheparty?特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+(not)+done+其他？Whenwasthegirlinterviewed?一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：is/am/aregoingto+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞will/shall+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞各種句式：陳述句：主語(yǔ)+is/am/are+(not)+goingto+be+done+其他主語(yǔ)+will+(not)+be+done+其他Theplanwillbediscussedinthemeetingtomorrow.Thebuildingisn’tgoingtobepulleddown.一般疑問(wèn)句：Is/Am/Are+(not)+主語(yǔ)+going+bedone+其他？Will+(not)+主語(yǔ)+be+done+其他？Willwebeinvitedtoattendthemeeting?Isn’ttheactivitygoingtobeputoff？特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/am/are+(not)+主語(yǔ)+going+bedone+其他？特殊疑問(wèn)詞+will+(not)+主語(yǔ)+be+done+其他？Whenwilltheplaybeputon?Whatistheprojectgoingtobepleted?新知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形，助動(dòng)詞be要用原型。Theclassroommustbecleanedeveryday.Theymaybepublishedfortheircarelessness.各種句式陳述句肯定式：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他TheprojectshouldbepletedbynextTuesday.Theboysmaybestoppedfromplayinghere.否定式：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他Thisfilmcan’tbewatchedbygirls.Boysshouldn’tbeallowedtogothere.一般疑問(wèn)句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+(not)+主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他?Shouldtheyberequiredtoleavehererightaway?Mustthereportbeturnedintomorrow?特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+(not)+主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他？Whencanthisputerbeusedbyus?Whereshouldtheboxbeput?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)舊知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始發(fā)生，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Hehaslivedherefor8years.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。—Haveyouhadlunchyet?—Yes,Ihave.I’vejusthadit.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Wehavemadefullpreparationsfortheingholiday.HehasleftforLondon.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的各種句式陳述句：肯定式：主語(yǔ)+have/has+done+其他Theyhavearrived.Shehasfinishedherhomework.否定式：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+done+其他havenot縮寫(xiě)為haven’t；hasnot縮寫(xiě)為hasn’tWehaven’treceivedherletter.Thegirlhasn’tfoundhershoes.一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+(not)+主語(yǔ)+done+其他？Haveyoumetyourcousin?Hasn’tshereturnedyouthebook?特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+(not)+主語(yǔ)+done+其他？Whathaveyouleanrtfromthisexperience?Whyhaven’ttheboysarrivedhere?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞since+時(shí)刻/從句（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）for+時(shí)間段Wehaven’tmeteachothersincehemovedtoShanghai.Ihaveworkedherefor10years.注意：當(dāng)無(wú)法判斷謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的時(shí)間終點(diǎn)為現(xiàn)在的時(shí)刻，句子一般用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。—YouspeakverygoodFrench!—Thanks.IstudiedFrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.in/over/during+thepast/few/...+years/months...;inrecentyearsGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthevillageinthepast5years.Inrecentyears,thenumberofstudentsinvillageschoolshasdropped.already,yet,recently,sofar,uptonow,latelyTheyhavealreadyarrivedthestation.Sofar,noonehasreportedtheeventtome.Ihaven’tseenyourfatherlately.just用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；justnow用一般過(guò)去時(shí)Hehasjusteback.Hecamebackjustnow.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)，可以與表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用。TheyhavelivedinSichuanfor8years.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)，一般不和表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用。Themeetinghasbegun.不能說(shuō)：Themeetinghasbegunfortenminutes.可以說(shuō)：Themeetingbegantenminutesago.(注意使用一般過(guò)去時(shí))非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞若要與表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用，需要轉(zhuǎn)化成可延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)化如下：begin/start→beon

die→bedeadeback→bebackleave→beawaygoout→beoutputon→wear

或beonopen→beopenclose→beclosed

join→bein+機(jī)構(gòu)或

beamemberof…borrow→keepbuy→havegetmarried→bemarriedHehavebeenmarriedfor5years.Thefilmhasbeenonfor10minutes.TomGreenhasbeendeadfor6years.Hehasbeenbackformorethanamonth.Hehasbeenawayformorethanayear.新知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+been+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Thebuildinghasbeenpulleddown.Theboyshavebeenrequiredtorewritetheirpassages.各種句式陳述句肯定式：主語(yǔ)+have/has+been+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他Theworkhasbeenfinished.否定式：主語(yǔ)+have/has+been+not+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他Wehaven’tbeentoldwhenthemeetingwillbegin.一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+been+not+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他?Hashisbikebeenrepaired?特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+been+not+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他?Howlonghasthemachinebeenused?隨學(xué)隨練單項(xiàng)填空DuringtheTangdynasty(唐朝),nearlyeverythingproducedintheworld________onthestreetsofChang’an.A.isfound B.hasbeenfound C.willbefound D.couldbefound【答案】D【解析】句意：在唐朝，在長(zhǎng)安的街道上幾乎可以找到世界上所有的東西。考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)“nearlyeverythingproducedintheworld”與動(dòng)詞find之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，此處表示能夠被找到，結(jié)合“DuringtheTangdynasty”可知用過(guò)去式could表示“能夠”，此處是含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，用couldbefound。故選D?！狣idyounoticethestudents________afewwhyquestionsinMr.Zhang’sclass?—Yes,Ithinkhewantedtotraintheirabilitiesofdeepthinking.A.areasked B.mustbeasked C.havebeenasked D.wereasked【答案】D【解析】句意：—你注意到在張先生的課堂上，學(xué)生們被問(wèn)了一些為什么的問(wèn)題嗎？—是的，我想他是想訓(xùn)練他們的深度思考能力?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)thestudents是動(dòng)作ask的承受者，根據(jù)“Didyounotice”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為was/weredone。故選D?！猅omisalwayscarelesswithhisschoolwork.Couldyouhelphim？—Noproblem！Ithinkhe________tothinktwicebeforestarting.A.shouldbetold B.shouldn'tbetold C.shouldtell【答案】【解析】句意：——湯姆在功課上總是很粗心。你能夠幫幫他嗎？——沒(méi)問(wèn)題。我想應(yīng)該告訴他在開(kāi)始前要先三思。首先根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷答語(yǔ)的意思是"沒(méi)問(wèn)題。我想應(yīng)該告訴他在開(kāi)始前要先三思。"主語(yǔ)he是動(dòng)作tell的承受者，表示"被告知"，確定用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)句意用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should，含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成是：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。故選：A?！狣oyouknowwhereKateis?—She________toKangkang'sbirthdayparty.ButI'mnotsure.A.mightinvite B.mustbeinvited C.couldbeinvited 【答案】C【解析】句意:你知道凱特在哪里嗎?她可能被邀請(qǐng)去參加康康的生日聚會(huì)了。但我不確定?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“ButI'mnotsure.”可知，回話(huà)的人不確定Kate在哪兒。could表示推測(cè)，主語(yǔ)she和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞invite“邀請(qǐng)”之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。couldbeinvited“可能被邀請(qǐng)”;mightinvite“可能邀請(qǐng)”;mustbeinvited“一定被邀請(qǐng)”。故選C?！狿assengers________iftheydosomethingthatinfluencesthenormaldrivingofthedriver.—Yes,safetyesfirst.Peopleshouldobeythetrafficrules.A.punish B.willpunish C.shouldbepunished 【答案】C【詳解】句意:—如果乘客做了影響司機(jī)正常駕駛的事情，應(yīng)該受到懲罰?！堑模踩谝?。人們應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Passengers...iftheydosomethingthatinfluencesthenormaldriving”可知，若乘客影響駕駛，應(yīng)該被懲罰，即“Passengers”與“punish”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C?！猈henwillwestartourwork?—Wewon'tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparations________.A.arebeingmadeB.willbemadeC.havebeenmadeD.hadbeenmade【答案】C【詳解】句意:—我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始工作?—直到所有的準(zhǔn)備工作都做好了，我們才開(kāi)始工作考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。在未來(lái)“我們”開(kāi)始工作之前，“做準(zhǔn)備”這一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成且preparations和make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)從句動(dòng)作的完成性，故選C。Boysandgirls,don'tforgetyourreport.It________today.A.can'tfinish B.can'tbefinished C.mustn'tfinish D.mustbefinished 【答案】D【解析】句意:男孩女孩們，別忘了你們的報(bào)告。今天必須完成?？疾楹星閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。can'tfinish不能完成;can'tbefinished不能被完成;mustn'tfinish禁止完成;mustbefinished必須被完成。根據(jù)“don'tforgetyourreport.It...today.”可知，此處是指報(bào)告今天必須被完成，主語(yǔ)lt指代“report”，與finish之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選D?！狪t'sverydifficultforthevillagekidstotakeboatstoschool.—Ithinkabridge________overtheriver.A.shouldbuild B.shouldbebuilt C.wasbuilt 【答案】B【解析】句意:—對(duì)村里的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，坐船上學(xué)是很困難的?！艺J(rèn)為應(yīng)該在河上建一座橋?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子，可知“bridge”和“built”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系;根據(jù)“Ithink”(我認(rèn)為)，可知應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should加被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)“be+done”來(lái)表示“我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該在河上建一座橋”。故選B。________yourhomeworkontime?Yes,ofcourse.A.Mustbe;handedin B.Must;behandedin C.Need;tobehandedin D.Need;handin 【答案】B【解析】句意:—你的作業(yè)必須要按時(shí)交嗎?—是的，當(dāng)然?？疾楹星閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)yourhomework和謂語(yǔ)handin“上交”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+bedone，變疑問(wèn)句時(shí)把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放主語(yǔ)之前，其他不變。此處是詢(xún)問(wèn)是否必須交作業(yè)，應(yīng)用must。故選B。Greatchanges________inthecity,andalotoffactories________.A.havebeentakenplacehavebeensetupB.havetakenplace:havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplaceweresetup【答案】B【解析】句意:這個(gè)城市里發(fā)生了巨大的變化，建了很多工廠考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。takeplace“發(fā)生”，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以排除A和D;“factory”與“setup”是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，可知空格2用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除C。故選B。Ifyouareover18yearsold,you_________todriveacarinChina.A.canallow B.can'tallow C.canbeallowed D.can'tbeallowed 【答案】C【解析】句意:如果你超過(guò)18歲，你可以被允許在中國(guó)駕駛汽車(chē)?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Ifyouareover18yearsold”和常識(shí)可知，年滿(mǎn)18歲可以駕駛汽車(chē);主語(yǔ)you與“允許”之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即canbe+過(guò)去分詞，beallowedtodosth“被允許做某事”。故選C。Sincetwoyearsago,allkindsofafterschoolservices_________forstudentsinourschool.A.haveprovidedB.isprovidingC.havebeenprovided【答案】C【解析】句意:自從兩年前，在我們學(xué)校各種各樣的課后服務(wù)被提供給學(xué)生們?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。haveprovided用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);isproviding用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);havebeenprovided用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Sincetwoyearsago”可知要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，afterschoolservices“課后服務(wù)”應(yīng)是被提供給學(xué)生們，故要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選C?！狢anItakethismagazineaway,Mr.Sun?—No.It________outofthereadingroom.A.can'tbetaken B.canbetaken C.can'ttake 【答案】A【解析】句意:孫先生，我可以拿走這本雜志嗎?不可以。它不能帶出閱覽室?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)題干，可知主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由問(wèn)句“CanItakethismagazineaway,Mr.Sun?”可知回答也用can。由“No”可知，用否定形式can'tbe+過(guò)去分詞。故選A。The18thChinaInternationalAlcoholicDrinksExpo(CIADE)________inLuzhoufromApril13thtoApril16th,2023.A.washeldBisheldC.willbeheldD.hasbeenheld【答案】D【解析】句意:第十八屆中國(guó)國(guó)際酒類(lèi)博覽會(huì)于2023年4月13日至4月16日在瀘州舉行?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)根據(jù)“The18thChinaInternationalAlcoholicDrinks