2023-2024學(xué)年上海市楊浦區(qū)高一下學(xué)期4月模擬質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE2上海市楊浦區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月模擬質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語(yǔ)試題I.ListeningComprehension(略)II.Grammarandvocabulary(10%+10%)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheRoleofSiblings(兄弟姐妹)It’scommonknowledgethatthefamilyachildgrowsupinhasahugeinfluenceonthechild’sattitudes,beliefsandmentalhealth.Peopleusuallyowethisinfluencetothechild’sparents,butrelationshipswithbrothersandsistersarejustasimportant.Duringchildhood,siblingsseeeachothereverydayandspendmoretimewitheachotherthananyoneelse,___1___(share)experiencesthatlastalltheirlives.Siblingsarealsoforcedtopersevereintheirrelationshipswitheachother___2___theyhavesomedisagreement.Thispusheschildren___3___(practice)conflictresolutionskillssincetheycannotleavethefamilialrelationship,astheycouldwithafriend.Butasiblingrelationshipalsooffersasafeplacetodiscussdifficulttopics___4___fearofabandonment.Relationshipsbetweensiblingsvarydependingontheagesandpersonalitiesofthechildren___5___(involve).Somechildrenformclose,unconditionalfriendshipswiththeirsiblings___6___otherscompetewiththem.Oldersiblingsoftenteachtheiryoungerbrothersandsistersusefulskillsorgivethemadvice,buttheycanalsosetbadexamples,___7___(lead)theiryoungersiblingstodothingsthatarewrongorfoolish.Oncechildrengrowup,theydonotseetheirsiblingsasoftenasbefore___8___theyusuallynolongerlivetogether.Maintainingsiblingrelationshipsnowtakeswork,andifsiblingsdonotgetalong,theycanavoideachother.Sometimessiblingsbecomeestranged(疏遠(yuǎn)的),___9___canincludeeverythingfromfeelingdistantortensetohavingtheirWeChatMoments___10___(block)toeachother.Butmanysiblingrelationshipsimproveinyoungadulthoodasthesiblingsmature.Sometimesthedistancehelpssiblingsenjoyother’scompanywhentheydomeet.Siblingshelpshapeeachother’slives,bothaschildrenandintoadulthood,sotakingthetimetocultivatepositiverelationshipswithsiblingsisextremelyimportant.〖答案〗1.sharing2.when3.topractice4.without5.involved6.while7.leading8.because9.which10.blocked【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了兄弟姐妹在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中的重要性?！?題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在童年時(shí)期，兄弟姐妹每天都能見(jiàn)面，在一起的時(shí)間比任何人都多，分享一生的經(jīng)歷。分析句子可知，空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，siblings與share為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填sharing。【2題詳析】考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：當(dāng)兄弟姐妹之間有一些分歧時(shí)，他們也被迫堅(jiān)持彼此的關(guān)系。分析句子可知，空處缺少連詞連接句子，結(jié)合Siblingsarealsoforcedtopersevereintheirrelationshipswitheachother和theyhavesomedisagreement可知，空處表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”，為引出時(shí)間場(chǎng)合的情況，用when引導(dǎo)。故填when。【3題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這促使孩子們練習(xí)解決沖突的技巧，因?yàn)樗麄儾荒芟窈团笥岩粯与x開(kāi)家庭關(guān)系。pushsbtodo意思為：逼迫某人做某事，空處用不定式作賓補(bǔ)。故填topractice。【4題詳析】考查介詞。句意：但兄弟姐妹的關(guān)系也提供了一個(gè)安全的地方來(lái)討論困難的話題，而不用擔(dān)心被拋棄。根據(jù)上文sincetheycannotleavethefamilialrelationship可知，親情是不能離開(kāi)的，所以此處表示“不用擔(dān)心被拋棄”，空處為介詞without。故填without?！?題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：兄弟姐妹之間的關(guān)系因孩子的年齡和性格而異?？仗幮揎梒hildren作后置定語(yǔ)，children與involve為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞。故填involved。【6題詳析】考查連詞。句意：有些孩子與他們的兄弟姐妹形成親密的、無(wú)條件的友誼，而另一些孩子則與他們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。結(jié)合Somechildrenformclose,unconditionalfriendshipswiththeirsiblings及otherscompetewiththem可知，前后為對(duì)比關(guān)系，用while“然而”并列。故填while?！?題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：哥哥姐姐通常會(huì)教弟弟妹妹有用的技能或給他們建議，但他們也會(huì)樹(shù)立壞榜樣，導(dǎo)致弟弟妹妹做錯(cuò)誤或愚蠢的事情。分析句子可知，空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，they指代“哥哥、姐姐”，與lead構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填leading?！?題詳析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：一旦孩子長(zhǎng)大，他們就不像以前那樣經(jīng)常見(jiàn)到他們的兄弟姐妹，因?yàn)樗麄兺ǔ２辉僮≡谝黄?。根?jù)句意可知，空處后為空前描述現(xiàn)象的原因，用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。故填because。【9題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意；有時(shí)兄弟姐妹之間會(huì)變得疏遠(yuǎn)，這可能包括各種各樣的事情，從疏遠(yuǎn)或緊張關(guān)系到朋友圈被屏蔽。分析句子可知，空處缺少關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為逗號(hào)前面的內(nèi)容，作從句主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)從句。故填which?！?0題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意同上?？仗幾髻e補(bǔ)，WeChatMoments與block為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞。故填blocked。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.ApurposelessB.remindingC.focusD.awareE.identifyF.managingG.attentionH.unrealisticI.appealJ.controlK.intelligentWhendidthevoiceinsideyourheadstarttalking?Ibecame___11___ofmineatabouttheageof15.Atnight,Isometimesfounditdifficulttogettosleepbecausetherewassomuch“mindchatter”insidemyhead.Infact,mindchatterisquitecommonforhumanbeings.Usually,wheneverour___12___isn’toccupied,astreamofmentalassociationsflowsthroughourmuds—thoughtsaboutthefutureorthepast,daydreamsaboutalternativerealities,orfriendsorcelebrities.Weoftencallthismentalactivity“thinking”,butthisisn’treallyaccurate.Realthinkingsuggestssomethingactiveoverwhichwehaveconscious(有意識(shí)的)___13___.Ithappenswhenweconsciouslyusepowersofreasonandlogictomakedecisionsandplans,organizeourlives,solveproblemsandsoon.Butmindchatterisn’tlikethis.It’srandom(隨機(jī)的)and___14___,runningthroughourheadregardlessofourdesiresanddistractingus.Forexample,imagineyou’rethinkingaboutwhatelectivecoursetotakeforthenextschoolyear.Asyouareconsideringthem,thoughtsaboutyourfavoritesubjectsfloodin,___15___youofaprojectthatyoureallylike.Thismakesyourememberchattingwithfriendsaboutsomedocumentariesthat___16___toyoungpeople.Suddenly,youremembertheupcomingsciencefairandyouworryabout___17___yourtime.Allthesethoughtsleaveyoustrugglingto___18___,andyouendupseekingadvicefromclassmates.However,it’s___19___toexpecttosilenceourmindchatteraltogether.It’ssuchanaturalpartofourmindsthatitwon’tdisappear.WeshouldacceptitandtreatItasakindofphysiologicalprocessthattakesplaceinsideusbutisnotpartofouridentity.Wedon’tgetoursenseofidentityfromourdigestionorbloodcirculation,sowhyshouldwe____20____withthevoiceinsideourhead?〖答案〗11.D12.G13.J14.A15.B16.I17.F18.C19.H20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要解釋了人類腦海中的“心理雜音”現(xiàn)象，并探討了如何理解和處理這種現(xiàn)象?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：我在大約15歲的時(shí)候意識(shí)到了我的內(nèi)心聲音。根據(jù)下文“Atnight,Isometimesfounditdifficulttogettosleepbecausetherewassomuch“mindchatter”insidemyhead(晚上，我有時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡，因?yàn)槟X海中有太多的“心理雜音”)”可知此處上下文說(shuō)的是意識(shí)到內(nèi)心的聲音，空白處應(yīng)填表示“意識(shí)到”含義的表達(dá)，becomeawareof意識(shí)到，故選D。【12題詳析】考查名詞。句意：通常，當(dāng)我們的注意力不被占據(jù)時(shí)，一連串的心理聯(lián)想就會(huì)流過(guò)我們的頭腦：關(guān)于未來(lái)或過(guò)去的想法，關(guān)于替代現(xiàn)實(shí)、朋友或名人的白日夢(mèng)。根據(jù)上文“Infact,mindchatterisquitecommonforhumanbeings(事實(shí)上，心理雜音對(duì)人類來(lái)說(shuō)是非常普遍的)”以及下文“astreamofmentalassociationsflowsthroughourmuds—thoughtsaboutthefutureorthepast,daydreamsaboutalternativerealities,orfriendsorcelebrities(一連串的心理聯(lián)想就會(huì)流過(guò)我們的頭腦：關(guān)于未來(lái)或過(guò)去的想法，關(guān)于替代現(xiàn)實(shí)、朋友或名人的白日夢(mèng))”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是當(dāng)我們的注意力沒(méi)有被特定事物吸引時(shí)，我們的心理活動(dòng)就會(huì)自由流動(dòng)，導(dǎo)致心智雜音，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“注意”含義的名詞，故選G?！?3題詳析】考查名詞。句意：真正的思考意味著一些我們有意識(shí)控制的積極活動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“Ithappenswhenweconsciouslyusepowersofreasonandlogictomakedecisionsandplans,organizeourlives,solveproblemsandsoon(當(dāng)我們有意識(shí)地使用理性和邏輯的力量來(lái)做決策和計(jì)劃，組織我們的生活，解決問(wèn)題等時(shí)，就會(huì)發(fā)生這種情況)”可知，下文說(shuō)的是我們能夠控制理性和邏輯的力量來(lái)做決策和計(jì)劃，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“控制”含義的表達(dá)，故選J。【14題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：它是隨機(jī)的和無(wú)目的的，不顧我們的愿望在我們的頭腦中奔跑，分散我們的注意力。根據(jù)下文“runningthroughourheadregardlessofourdesiresanddistractingus(不顧我們的愿望在我們的頭腦中奔跑，分散我們的注意力)”可知下文說(shuō)的是心理雜音是沒(méi)有目的的，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“無(wú)目的的”含義的表達(dá)，故選A。【15題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)你在考慮它們時(shí)，關(guān)于你最喜歡的東西的想法涌入，提醒你一個(gè)你非常喜歡的項(xiàng)目。根據(jù)下文“aprojectthatyoureallylike(一個(gè)你非常喜歡的項(xiàng)目)”可知下文說(shuō)的是被提醒到的內(nèi)容，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“提醒”含義的表達(dá)，因空白處在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又因與其邏輯主語(yǔ)thoughts之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，使用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選B。【16題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這讓你想起與朋友們討論一些吸引年輕人的紀(jì)錄片。根據(jù)上文“aprojectthatyoureallylike(一個(gè)你非常喜歡的項(xiàng)目)”、“chattingwithfriendsaboutsomedocumentaries(與朋友們討論一些紀(jì)錄片)”以及下文“youngpeople(年輕人)”可知此處上下文說(shuō)的是這些紀(jì)錄片吸引年輕人，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“吸引”含義的表達(dá)，appealto吸引，故選I。【17題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：突然，你想起了即將到來(lái)的科學(xué)博覽會(huì)，你擔(dān)心管理你的時(shí)間。根據(jù)上文“youremembertheupcomingsciencefairandyouworryabout(你想起了即將到來(lái)的科學(xué)博覽會(huì)，你擔(dān)心……)”以及下文“yourtime(你的時(shí)間)”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是因?yàn)榧磳⒌絹?lái)的科學(xué)博覽會(huì)而擔(dān)心無(wú)法處理好時(shí)間安排，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“管理”含義的表達(dá)，根據(jù)空白處前面的介詞about可知空白處填動(dòng)名詞，故選F?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：所有這些想法會(huì)讓你難以集中注意力，最后你不得不向同學(xué)尋求建議。根據(jù)下文“youendupseekingadvicefromclassmates(最終你向同學(xué)尋求建議)”可知此處說(shuō)的是因事情多導(dǎo)致向同學(xué)尋求建議，可推理出此處上下文說(shuō)的是無(wú)法集中注意力，故選C?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：然而，期望完全消除我們的心理雜音是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。根據(jù)下文“toexpecttosilenceourmindchatteraltogether.It’ssuchanaturalpartofourmindsthatitwon’tdisappear.(期望完全消除我們的心理雜音是……的。它是我們思想如此自然的一部分，它不會(huì)消失)”可知下文說(shuō)的是心理雜音是我們思想如此自然的一部分，它不會(huì)消失，所以期望完全消除我們的心理雜音是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，故選H?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我們的身份感不是來(lái)自我們的消化或血液循環(huán)，那么為什么我們要與我們頭腦中的聲音認(rèn)同呢？根據(jù)下文“thevoiceinsideourhead(我們頭腦中的聲音)”可知此處上下文說(shuō)的是作者認(rèn)為不要與我們頭腦中的聲音認(rèn)同，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“認(rèn)同”含義的表達(dá)，故選E。III.ReadingComprehension(15%+6%+6%+8%)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesrakedA.B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Gamesareanythingbutawasteoftime.Byplayinggames,childrenlearnandpreciseimportantskillsthattheywilluselongafterthegameshavebeen___21___.Youngchildrenlearntofollowrulesandwaittheir___22___.Theyalsopracticehowtocooperateand___23___winningorlosing.Olderchildrendevelopthinkingskillsincludingusingastrategyandplanningahead.Psychologistsaystrategygamesencouragethefrontallobes(額葉)ofthebraintodevelop.Thispartofthebrainis___24___forskillswhichincludeplanning,organizinganddecision-making.Playingboardgamescanimprovechildren’sfocusandincreasetheirattentionspan.Buttobesuccessful,gamesmustbeplayedtotheendwithoutany___25___.Playerscannotchecktheirphonesorleavethetableforasnack.Playingboardgamesorcardgamesisalsoagreatwaytounplug.Avarietyofstudies___26___ofthenegativeeffectsoftoomuchscreentime.Everyonegets___27___inataskwithotherpeople—inperson—whenplayingagame.Playinggamesisnotjustforkids,either.It’s___28___foradultsaswell.Theyneedtomaketimeintheirdayforenjoyment.Thiskindofactivitycantrigger(觸發(fā))the___29___ofthefeel-goodchemicalsthatmakepeoplefeelhappier.Thesocialinteractionofplayinggameswithfamilyandfriendsalsohelpsprevent___30___anddepression.Sharinglaughterandfunwhileplayinggamesnotonlyimprovesrelationshipsanddrawspeoplecloserbutalsoimprovesbrain___31___.Whenpeopleengageingameslikechessorotherstrategygames,theirbrainsare___32___.Playinggamescanalsostimulatethemindandboostcreativity.Takingabreakforgame—playingcanalsoincreaseyour___33___.Bythetimeyoufinishplayingagame,yourbrainwillhaverelaxed,soit’s___34___whenyougobacktowork.TheplaywrightGeorgeBernardShawfamouslysaid,“Wedon’tstopplayingbecausewegrowold;wegrowoldbecausewestopplaying.”Itfollowsthen,thatplaykeepsyou___35___.Somakesometimetoplayagametoday!21.A.putaway B.settleddown C.referredto D.passeddown22.A.arrival B.opportunity C.turn D.limit23.A.predict B.accept C.adapt D.transform24.A.ready B.anxious C.responsible D.grateful25.A.interruption B.emotion C.appreciation D.application26.A.complain B.approve C.consist D.warn27.A.paid B.involved C.stuck D.confused28.A.unique B.addictive C.incredible D.beneficial29.A.release B.reaction C.record D.risk30.A.curiosity B.stress C.homesickness D.relief31.A.attack B.wave C.function D.structure32.A.scanned B.defeated C.preserved D.challenged33.A.productivity B.participation C.personality D.proposal34.A.morepassive B.heavier C.moreobjective D.sharper35.A.calm B.flexible C.young D.passionate〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.C25.A26.B27.B28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.D35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述的是游戲的意義和作用。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：通過(guò)玩游戲，孩子們學(xué)習(xí)和掌握了重要的技能，這些技能在游戲結(jié)束后很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)都會(huì)用到。A.putaway結(jié)束；B.settleddown安頓下來(lái)；C.referredto參考；D.passeddown傳下來(lái)。根據(jù)“l(fā)ongafterthegameshavebeen”可知，此處說(shuō)“這些技能在游戲結(jié)束后很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)都會(huì)用到”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：小孩子學(xué)會(huì)遵守規(guī)則，等待輪到他們。A.arrival到達(dá)；B.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；C.turn（依次輪到的）機(jī)會(huì)；D.limit限制。根據(jù)“followrulesandwaittheir”可知，孩子們?cè)谕嬗螒驎r(shí)，學(xué)會(huì)遵守規(guī)則和等待輪到他們。waitone’sturn是固定短語(yǔ)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們還練習(xí)如何合作和接受輸贏。A.predict預(yù)測(cè)；B.accept接受；C.adapt適應(yīng)；D.transform變換。根據(jù)winningorlosing可知，孩子們?cè)谕嬗螒驎r(shí)，學(xué)會(huì)接受輸贏。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這部分大腦負(fù)責(zé)計(jì)劃、組織和決策等技能。A.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)下文的“whichincludeplanning,organizinganddecision-making”可知，這部分大腦負(fù)責(zé)計(jì)劃、組織和決策等技能。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是為了獲得成功，游戲必須不間斷地玩到底。A.interruption中斷；B.emotion情緒；C.appreciation贊賞；D.application應(yīng)用。根據(jù)下文的“Playerscannotchecktheirphonesorleavethetableforasnack.”可知，游戲不能中斷。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：各種各樣的研究都證實(shí)了看屏幕時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。A.complain抱怨；B.approve批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可；C.consist組成；D.warn警告。根據(jù)下文的“thenegativeeffectsoftoomuchscreentime”可知，各種各樣的研究都證實(shí)了看屏幕時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在玩游戲時(shí)，每個(gè)人都會(huì)與其他人一起參與任務(wù)。A.paid已付款的；B.involved參與的；C.stuck卡住的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)下文的“inperson”可知，每個(gè)人都會(huì)與其他人一起參與任務(wù)。getinvolvedin“參與”是固定搭配。故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：游戲?qū)Τ赡耆艘灿泻锰帯.unique獨(dú)特的；B.addictive使人上癮的；C.incredible不可思議的；D.beneficial有益的。根據(jù)上一句“Playinggamesisnotjustforkids,either.”可知，游戲?qū)Τ赡耆艘灿泻锰?。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種活動(dòng)可以觸發(fā)讓人感覺(jué)良好的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的釋放，讓人感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)。A.release釋放；B.reaction反應(yīng)；C.record記錄；D.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)下文的“thefeel-goodchemicalsthatmakepeoplefeelhappier”可知，釋放讓人感覺(jué)良好的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，讓人感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：與家人和朋友玩游戲的社交互動(dòng)也有助于預(yù)防壓力和抑郁。A.curiosity好奇心；B.stress壓力；C.homesickness想家；D.relief救濟(jì)。根據(jù)并列的depression可知，此處應(yīng)該用名詞stress。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在玩游戲的過(guò)程中分享歡笑和樂(lè)趣，不僅可以改善人際關(guān)系，拉近人與人之間的距離，還可以改善大腦功能。A.attack攻擊；B.wave波浪；C.function功能；D.structure結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)下文的“Whenpeopleengageingameslikechessorotherstrategygames,theirbrainsare

.”可知，玩游戲可以改善大腦的功能。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)人們參與國(guó)際象棋或其他策略游戲時(shí)，他們的大腦會(huì)受到挑戰(zhàn)。A.scanned掃描；B.defeated擊??；C.preserved保存；D.challenged挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，參與國(guó)際象棋或其他策略游戲時(shí)，人們的大腦會(huì)受到挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：玩游戲休息一下也能提高你的工作效率。A.productivity生產(chǎn)力，生產(chǎn)率；B.participation參與；C.personality個(gè)性；D.proposal提案。根據(jù)上一句“Playinggamescanalsostimulatethemindandboostcreativity.

”可知，玩游戲也可以刺激思維，提高創(chuàng)造力，從而提高你的工作效率。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你玩完游戲的時(shí)候，你的大腦會(huì)放松下來(lái)，所以當(dāng)你回去工作的時(shí)候它會(huì)更敏捷。A.morepassive更被動(dòng)；B.heavier更重；C.moreobjective更客觀；D.sharper更敏捷。根據(jù)上文的“yourbrainwillhaverelaxed”可知，大腦休息后會(huì)更敏捷。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，游戲使人保持年輕。A.calm冷靜的；B.flexible靈活的；C.young年輕的；D.passionate熱情的。根據(jù)上一句“Wedon’tstopplayingbecausewegrowold;wegrowoldbecausewestopplaying.”可知，游戲使人保持年輕。故選C項(xiàng)。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.ASuperSizeMeFastfood,otherwiseknownasjunkfood,isahugepassionforalargenumberofpeopleacrosstheWesternworld.Butwhatwouldhappenifyouatelotsofjunkfoodeveryday?Woulditseriouslydamageyourhealth?ThesewerethequestionswhichledMorganSpurlock,anindependentfilm-maker,todoanexperiment,whichhecameintoadocumentaryfilmentitledSuperSizeMe.ThemainbasisofhisexperimentwasthatSpurlockpromisedtoeatthreeMcDonald’smealsaday,everyday,foramonth.HecouldonlyeatfoodfromMcDonald’sandeverytimeanemployeeaskedifhewouldliketo‘supersize’themeal,hehadtoagree.‘Supersizing’referstothefactthatwiththistypeofmealyougetaconsiderablylargerportionofeverythingforonlyaverysmallpriceincrease.Beforehestarted,threedoctorscertifiedthatSpurlockweighedabout84kgandwasingoodhealth.AlthoughbothSpurlockandhisdoctorsknewhewouldputonabitofweight,andthatthisdietwasunhealthy,noneofthemwerequitepreparedforjusthowunhealthyitturnedouttobe.Thechangesinhisbodywerehorrifying.Inthefirstweek,heputon4.5kilosandbytheendofthethirtydayshehadgainednearly14kilos,bringinghistotalweightto98kg.Weightgainwasonlyoneofthenegativeeffects,however.Whenallthreedoctorssawtheseveredamagetohisliver,theyallrecommendedstoppingtheexperimentafter20days.Spurlockcontinuedtofollowthediet,however,becausehewantedtoshowpeoplewhatthiskindofdietcandotoyou.Watchingthefilm,youbegintorealizethatitcouldbeafast-forwardpictureofyourlife:in30daysyougotoseewhatcouldhappentoyouover20or30yearsofoverconsumption.Junkfoodisexactlywhatitsaysitis--junk.Spurlocksays,‘I’dlovepeopletowalkoutofthemovieandsay,“NexttimeI’mnotgoingto‘supersize’.MaybeI’mnotgoingtohaveanyjunkfoodatall.I’mgoingtositdownandeatdinnerwithmykids,withtheTVoff,sothatwecaneathealthyfood,talkaboutwhatwe’reeatingandhavearelationshipwitheachother.”’Foodforthoughtindeed.36.Intheone-monthexperiment,Spurlock______.A.atethreeMcDonald’smealseveryday B.couldchooseto“supersize”hismealC.gotextra-largemealsatalowerprice D.pretendedtoeatforbettervisualeffect37.Howdoweknowthat“Thechangesinhisbodywerehorrifying”?A.Hegainedonesixthofhisbodyweightinoneweek.B.Doctorssuggestedhimstoppingtheexperimenthalfway.C.Hefast-forwardedthevideopastthemedicalexamination.D.Heturnedouttobe20or30yearsolderthanpeopleofhisage.38.Spurlockmadeadocumentaryfilm,aimingtotellpeoplethat______.A.humannatureoftendrivesustodesiremoreB.howweeatisfarmoreimportantthanwhatweeatC.overconsumptionforashorttimedoeslittleharmtothebodyD.ifweeattoomuchjunkfood,weourselveswillbesupersized〖答案〗36.A37.A38.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文的體裁是說(shuō)明文。文章講述了獨(dú)立電影制作人摩根·斯珀洛克為了探索每天大量食用垃圾食品對(duì)人體健康的影響，進(jìn)行了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，并將此實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程記錄在名為《超級(jí)大小我》的紀(jì)錄片中?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThemainbasisofhisexperimentwasthatSpurlockpromisedtoeatthreeMcDonald’smealsaday,everyday,foramonth(他的實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)是承諾每天三餐都吃麥當(dāng)勞，連續(xù)一個(gè)月)”可知，在為期一個(gè)月的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，斯珀洛克每天吃三頓麥當(dāng)勞餐，故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthefirstweek,heputon4.5kilosandbytheendofthethirtydayshehadgainednearly14kilos,bringinghistotalweightto98kg(第一周他就增重了4.5公斤，到了三十天結(jié)束時(shí)，他增加了近14公斤，總重達(dá)到了98公斤)”，可知斯珀洛克的體重由84公斤增加到了98公斤，共增加了14公斤，也就是增加了他的體重的六分之一，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Butwhatwouldhappenifyouatelotsofjunkfoodeveryday?Woulditseriouslydamageyourhealth?ThesewerethequestionswhichledMorganSpurlock,anindependentfilm-maker,todoanexperiment,whichhecameintoadocumentaryfilmentitledSuperSizeMe.(但如果每天都吃大量的垃圾食品會(huì)發(fā)生什么呢？這會(huì)嚴(yán)重?fù)p害你的健康嗎？這些問(wèn)題促使獨(dú)立電影制作人摩根·斯珀洛克進(jìn)行了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，他將這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)拍成了一部名為《超級(jí)大小我》的紀(jì)錄片)”、倒數(shù)第二段“Spurlockcontinuedtofollowthediet,however,becausehewantedtoshowpeoplewhatthiskindofdietcandotoyou(然而，斯珀洛克繼續(xù)遵循這種飲食，因?yàn)樗胂蛉藗冋故具@種飲食對(duì)你的影響)”以及最后一段“Junkfoodisexactlywhatitsaysitis--junk.Spurlocksays,‘I’dlovepeopletowalkoutofthemovieandsay,“NexttimeI’mnotgoingto‘supersize’(垃圾食品正如其名——垃圾。斯珀洛克說(shuō)：“我希望人們看完電影后會(huì)說(shuō)，‘下次我不會(huì)選擇加大份量’”)”可以推斷出，斯珀洛克制作紀(jì)錄片的目的是向人們展示快餐或垃圾食品對(duì)健康的危害，尤其是當(dāng)這種飲食變成過(guò)量消費(fèi)時(shí)。因此，選項(xiàng)D“ifweeattoomuchjunkfood,weourselveswillbesupersized(如果我們吃太多垃圾食品，我們自己也會(huì)被'加大份量')”最符合文中描述的斯珀洛克的意圖，故選D項(xiàng)。BOurgoalistobringasimpleandeffectivesolutiontothespreadofharmfulbacteriaandvirusesbothinhomeandhospitalsFocusingonwhatmattersmostWhilehand-heldcommunicationdevicesareIncreasinglybeingusedtohelpfosterbetterprocessesandoutcomes,theybringwiththemtheunintendedconsequencesofincreasedriskofpathogentransmissionwhennotproperlydisinfected.Shared-usedevicesarefrequentlytouchedandcarriedfromroomtoroom,patienttopatient-likeathirdhandyouneverwas?WehopetobepartofhelpingsolvethisproblemwiththeintroductionofPhoneSoapExpressPro.ThecompleteinfectionpreventionsolutionformobiledevicesAccordingtoastudyconductedbytheUniversityofTennesseeHealthScienceCenter,thePhoneSoapExpressPro,arapid360degreeUVdisinfectiondeviceforcellphones,tablets,andotherhard-to-cleanhand-helditems.resultedina99.99%reductionofSARS-CoV-2duringthe30-secondcycletime.A30-secondcycleinPhoneSoapExpressProkills99.99%ofallharmfulvirusesandbacteriaonyourphone.Stayhappyandhealthybysanitizingyourphonealongwithyourhands,asthetwoareinseparablyconnected.Save10%withcodeREADERS10atphonesoap.comItonlytakeslikingoneInstagrampost,answeringaphonecall,orsendingasingletweettotransferallthebacteriayou’vetouchedstraighttoyourphone.It’sthethirdhandyouneverwash,andwhenitisn’tsanitizedregularlythesegermscanmakeyousick.Operationissafeandeasy39.PhoneSoapExpressProisadevicethat______.A.cancleanbothourhandsandhand-helditemsB.usessoapandwatertokillharmfulbacteriaandvirusesC.iscommonlyusedinhospitalstocontrolinfectionaftersurgeryD.takes30secondstoreducealmostallthevirusesonmobiledevices40.Theunderlinedword“sanitized”isclosestinmeaningto______.A.transferred B.connected C.disinfected D.updated41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEaboutthePhoneSoapExprssPro?A.Itwillopenautomaticallywhenthecellphoneiscleaned.B.Thereisnoevidencethatithastheeffectofpreventinginfection.C.Usersneedn’tturnovertheircellphonestogeteverysidecleaned.D.Customerscangeta10%discountiftheybuyitonlinewithacode.〖答案〗39.D40.C41.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章針對(duì)PhoneSoapExpressPro這一產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行了宣傳和介紹?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thecompleteinfectionpreventionsolutionformobiledevices(移動(dòng)設(shè)備的全面防感染解決方案)”部分的“A30-secondcycleinPhoneSoapExpressProkills99.99%ofallharmfulvirusesandbacteriaonyourphone(PhoneSoapExpressPro的30秒周期可以殺死手機(jī)上99.99%的所有有害病毒和細(xì)菌。)”可知，PhoneSoapExpressPro是一個(gè)能在30秒內(nèi)減少幾乎所有的病毒的移動(dòng)設(shè)備，故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“thesegermscanmakeyousick(這些病毒會(huì)讓你生病)”可知，下文說(shuō)的是病毒會(huì)使人生病，可推理出劃線詞的含義為“消毒”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thecompleteinfectionpreventionsolutionformobiledevices(移動(dòng)設(shè)備的全面防感染解決方案)”部分的“A30-secondcycleinPhoneSoapExpressProkills99.99%ofallharmfulvirusesandbacteriaonyourphone(PhoneSoapExpressPro的30秒周期可以殺死手機(jī)上99.99%的所有有害病毒和細(xì)菌。)”可知，PhoneSoapExpressPro是一個(gè)能在30秒內(nèi)減少幾乎所有的病毒的移動(dòng)設(shè)備，與B項(xiàng)“Thereisnoevidencethatithastheeffectofpreventinginfection(沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明它具有預(yù)防感染的效果。)”表達(dá)的含義相反，故選B項(xiàng)。SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.HowtoStartYourPodcastDoyouhaveafavoritepodcast?Thatcanbeadifficultquestiontoanswerforsomeastherearesomanyoptions.Thatisbecausetheworldisfullofinterestingtopicsandthoughtsaboutthem.____42____Apodcastisaseriesofaudioepisodesthatcoveraparticularsubject.Thefirststeptocreatingapodcastistofindyourtopic.Itisbelievedthatthebesttopicsareonesaboutwhichyouknowalotandlove.Anotherimportantstepistomakesureyouhavetherightequipment.Whilepodcastequipmentcanbecomplexandexpensive,itdoesn’thavetobe.___43___Youcanrecordallofyouraudioonyourphone.Thenwithyourcomputer—andtherightsoftware—youcanmixtheaudio.Thisistheprocessofputtingyouraudiotogetherintooneperfectsoundingfile.Afteryouhaveyourtopicandequipment,you’llwanttochooseyourformat(形式，格式).____44____Yourpodcastcouldalsoincludemorethanoneoftheseoptions.Onceyou’vedecided,youcanstartdraftingyourepisodes.However,whateverformatorformatsyouchoose,maintainthesamestructureforeachepisode.Thenextstepistofindaquietplaceanddoyourrecording.Whenyou’vecompletedyourrecordingandaudiomixing,you’llneedtofindaplatformforyourpodcast.Luckilythereareplentyoffreeandpaidplatformoptionsonwhichtouploadyourpodcast.Beforeuploading,makesureyouhaveaninterestingtitleandgoodtagsforyourshow.____45____Youwanttogetthewordoutaboutyourpodcasttogrowyouraudience.Yourpodcastjustmightbecomesomeone’snewfavorite.A.Foryourfirstpodcast,youcansimplyrelyonyourphoneandcomputer.B.Nooneisgoingtomakegoodcontentjustbyopeningtheirmouth.C.Yourpodcastcouldbeonepersonspeaking,twopersonsconversing,ormanypeopleofferingtheiropinions.D.Goodpodcastsconnectbecausethey’refocusedonatopicandbecausetheirhostsareabletodeliveravoiceandperspectivethatisunique.E.Ifyoufeelyouhavesomethingengagingandvaluabletoshare,startapodcast.F.Besuretopostaboutyourshowonsocialmediaandgetyourpodcastlistedinapodcastdirectory.〖答案〗42.E43.A44.C45.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章簡(jiǎn)要指導(dǎo)讀者如何開(kāi)始制作自己的播客。【42題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thatisbecausetheworldisfullofinterestingtopicsandthoughtsaboutthem.(那是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)世界充滿了有趣的話題和關(guān)于它們的想法)”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是有趣的話題和想法可以在播客上分享，與E項(xiàng)“Ifyoufeelyouhavesomethingengagingandvaluabletoshare,startapodcast(如果你覺(jué)得自己有吸引人且有價(jià)值的內(nèi)容想要分享，那就開(kāi)始制作播客吧)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選E項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whilepodcastequipmentcanbecomplexandexpensive,itdoesn’thavetobe.(雖然播客設(shè)備可能既復(fù)雜又昂貴，但它并非必須如此)”以及下文“Youcanrecordallofyouraudioonyourphone.(你可以使用手機(jī)錄制所有的音頻)”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是播客設(shè)備不必復(fù)雜和昂貴，只要用手機(jī)就可以，與A項(xiàng)“Foryourfirstpodcast,youcansimplyrelyonyourphoneandcomputer.(對(duì)于你的第一檔播客，你只要依靠你的手機(jī)和電腦)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Afteryouhaveyourtopicandequipment,you’llwanttochooseyourformat(形式，格式).(在你確定了話題和設(shè)備之后，你會(huì)想選擇你的格式)”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是播客的形式，與C項(xiàng)“Yourpodcastcouldbeonepersonspeaking,twopersonsconversing,ormanypeopleofferingtheiropinions.(你的播客可以是一個(gè)人在講話，兩個(gè)人在對(duì)話，或者許多人在提供他們的觀點(diǎn))”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whenyou’vecompletedyourrecordingandaudiomixing,you’llneedtofindaplatformforyourpodcast.Luckilythereareplentyoffreeandpaidplatformoptionsonwhichtouploadyourpodcast.Beforeuploading,makesureyouhaveaninterestingtitleandgoodtagsforyourshow.(當(dāng)你完成了錄音和音頻混音后，你需要為你的播客找到一個(gè)平臺(tái)。幸運(yùn)的是，有很多免費(fèi)和付費(fèi)的平臺(tái)選項(xiàng)可以上傳你的播客。在上傳之前，確保你有一個(gè)有趣的標(biāo)題和適合你節(jié)目的好標(biāo)簽)”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是要找到能播放你的播客內(nèi)容的平臺(tái)并為播放做好準(zhǔn)備，確保你的內(nèi)容能夠被看到，與F項(xiàng)“Besuretopostaboutyourshowonsocialmediaandgetyourpodcastlistedinapodcastdirectory.(確保在社交媒體上發(fā)布有關(guān)你節(jié)目的信息，并將你的播客列入播客目錄)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選F項(xiàng)。IV.Translation(3%+3%+4%+5%)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.46.由于在地震中嚴(yán)重受損，這座老房子需要修葺一番。(Having)(漢譯英)_______________________________________________________________________________〖答案〗Havingbeenseverelydamagedintheearthquake,theoldhouseneedstoberepaired.【詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為“這座老房子”theoldhouse；表示“需要”短語(yǔ)為needtodosth.；表示“修葺”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞repair，且與house構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用tobedone形式。描述事實(shí)，為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示“在地震中嚴(yán)重受損”應(yīng)用severelydamageintheearthquake，此處與主語(yǔ)house構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，動(dòng)詞damage的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞need之前，應(yīng)用havingbeendone形式作狀語(yǔ)。故翻譯為Havingbeenseverelydamagedintheearthquake,theoldhouseneedstoberepaired.47.盡管遭受挫折，懷揣夢(mèng)想的人是不可能被擊敗的。(unlikely)(漢譯英)____________________________________