高考英語精準(zhǔn)備考一輪講義選修七M(jìn)odule4MusicBorninAmerica

[一積詞匯見多識廣][課內(nèi)單詞回扣](一)閱讀詞匯寫其義1．sophisticatedadj.復(fù)雜的；高級的2.boomv．繁榮；迅速發(fā)展3．techniquen.技巧；手法4.microphonen.麥克風(fēng)；話筒5．consensusn.共識；共同意見6.fancyadj.新潮的(二)表達(dá)詞匯寫其形1．a(chǎn)pproachn．方法；步驟2.schedulen．計劃表，進(jìn)度表，日程表3．deadlinen.截止時間，最后期限4.protestn.抗議5．declinen.衰退；下降；減少6.arisev.(由……)引起(產(chǎn)生)7．otherwiseadv.否則，要不然8.quitv.離開，辭去(三)拓展詞匯靈活用*1.humorousadj.幽默的→humo(u)rn．幽默；幽默感*2.emergev．出現(xiàn)→emergencen．出現(xiàn)；顯現(xiàn)→emergencyn．緊急情況；危急形勢*3.touchv．觸動；感動；使動心→touchedadj.感激的；受感動的→touchingadj.令人感動的*4.harmonyn．融洽，一致，和諧→harmoniousadj.融洽的，和諧的5.conventionaladj.按慣例的；因襲的；傳統(tǒng)的→conventionn．慣例；常規(guī)；習(xí)俗*6.devotev．為……付出時間/努力/金錢等；奉獻(xiàn)→devotedadj.忠誠的；摯愛的→devotionn．獻(xiàn)身；熱愛7.refreshingadj.令人耳目一新的→refreshvt.使恢復(fù)；更新8.migrantn．移民→migratevi.移居，遷徙→migrationn．移居，遷徙用上面標(biāo)注*的單詞的正確形式填空1．Afterthat,heknewhecouldgetthroughanyemergency(emerge)bydoingwhathecouldtothebestofhisability.2．People'slifehereisfullofharmonyandatthesametime,humansandnaturemakeaharmoniouspicture.(harmony)3．Theoldscientistisdevotedtostudyingspace,andthespiritofdevotiondeserveslearningfrom.Hesaidhewouldgoondevotinghimselftothesciencefield.(devote)4．Hehasagoodsenseofhumour/humorandalwaysactsinahumorousway.(humorous)5．ThetouchingsceneinthisfilmtouchedmyheartdeeplyandIwastouchedtotearsatlast.(touch)[話題單詞積累]1．concert/'k?ns?t/n.音樂會；演奏會2．recreation/?rekrI'eI?(?)n/n.娛樂；消遣3．refresh/rI'fre?/v.使恢復(fù)精力；重新振作4．program/'pr??ɡr?m/n.節(jié)目5．enjoyment/In'd??Im?nt/n.享受；快樂；樂趣6．entertainment/ent?'teInm(?)nt/n.娛樂7．a(chǎn)musement/?'mju?zm(?)nt/n.消遣；娛樂8．a(chǎn)udience/'??dI?ns/n.聽眾；觀眾9．fun/f?n/n.樂趣10．conductor/k?n'd?kt?/n.(樂隊(duì)等的)指揮11．pose/k?m'p??z/v.作曲12．conduct/'k?nd?kt/vt.指導(dǎo)；指揮13．live/laIv；lIv/adj.實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的；生存14．theme/θi?m/n.主題15．singer/'sI??(r)/n.歌手16．record/'rek??d/n.唱片；記錄17．produce/pr?'dju?s/v.生產(chǎn)；制作18．court/k??t/n.宮廷；法院19．prince/prIns/n.王子；親王20．genius/d?i?nI?s/n.天才21．band/b?nd/n.樂隊(duì)22．mix/mIks/vt.使混合

[二積短語頓挫抑揚(yáng)][課內(nèi)短語回扣](一)根據(jù)漢語寫出下列短語1.rather_than而不是*2.take_advantage_of利用3.be_bored_with厭煩4.in_order有序地*5.far_from完全不，遠(yuǎn)離6.beg_for乞求，請求*7.be_devoted_to對……專一，專注8.try_out嘗試9.be_blessed_with有幸*10e_out出版(二)用上面標(biāo)注*的短語完成下列句子1．Iwouldliketotake_advantage_ofthischancetoexpressmythanksforyourhelp.2．Devoted_tohisresearch,hehasnotimetospendaweekendwithhisfamily.3．Thesingertoldusthathernewalbumwoulde_outthenextmonth.4．Oneadvantageofmovingfar_fromhomeisreceivingyourinterestingletters.[話題短語積累]1．popmusic流行音樂2．listentomusic聽音樂3．relaxone'smood放松心情4．givesb.anewstart給某人一個新的開始5．thesourceofjoysandinspiration快樂和靈感的源泉6．inthehabitof有……習(xí)慣7．concentrateon集中精力于8．begoodfor對……有好處9．godeaf變聾10．makeanoteof記錄11．ofalltime有史以來12．beimpressedwith留下深刻印象[三積句式寫作扮靚][課內(nèi)句式仿寫]1．現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語[例句]Atthebeginning,MCsoftenperformedforhours,repeatingwordsandphrasesandthenimprovising.[仿寫]你每天早晨醒來都感到精力充沛并準(zhǔn)備好開始新的一天嗎？Doyouwakeupeverymorningfeeling_energeticandreadytostartanewday?2．thenexttime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句[例句]ThenexttimeIheardthesong,Iwasinthecinema,waitingforthefilmtostart.[仿寫]下次你來這兒的時候，請把你昨天買的書給我?guī)?。The_next_time_you_e_herepleasebringmethebookyouboughtyesterday.3．Itdoesn'tmatter...“……沒有關(guān)系/不重要”[例句]Mymessageisthatitdoesn'tmatterifyou'reblack,white,fat,thin,oldandyoung...[仿寫]你穿什么并不重要，只要你看上去干凈整潔就行。It_doesn't_matter_what_you_wear,_solongasyoulookneatandtidy.[話題佳句背誦]1．Moreover,listeningtosomesoftmusicdoesrelaxyourmoodandgiveyouanewstart.另外，聽一些輕音樂的確能使你心情放松，給你一個新的開端。2．Musicreducesourtirednessandbringsusrelaxationafterhardworkandstudy.音樂可以緩解疲勞，并在我們努力工作和學(xué)習(xí)后給我們帶來放松。3．AsfarasI'mconcerned,musicisthesourceofjoysandinspirationinlife.就我個人而言，音樂是生活中快樂和靈感的源泉。[四背語段語感流暢]I'minthehabitoflisteningtomusicwhilestudying.Musicmakesmefeelmorerelaxedandlesstired.Besides,IfinditcanhelpmeconcentrateonthesubjectthatI'mstudying.BylisteningtomusicIcanstudymoreeffectivelyandimprovemyscores.Fromvarioustypesofmusic,Ichooselightmusicandsoftmusictolistentoratherthannoisyrockorrap.Althoughlisteningtomusicisreallygoodformystudy,Iwon'tdoitwhilegainingnewknowledge.Thereasonisthatlisteningtomusiccanreducemyabilitytomemorizethings.我在學(xué)習(xí)的時候有聽音樂的習(xí)慣。音樂讓我感覺更放松，更不覺得累。此外，我發(fā)現(xiàn)它可以幫助我專注于我正在學(xué)習(xí)的科目。通過聽音樂，我可以更有效地學(xué)習(xí)，提高我的成績。從不同類型的音樂中，我選擇輕音樂和柔和的音樂來聽，而不是嘈雜的搖滾或說唱樂。雖然聽音樂對我的學(xué)習(xí)確實(shí)很有好處，但在獲得新知識的時候，我不會這樣做。原因是，聽音樂會降低我記憶東西的能力。

[第一板塊重點(diǎn)詞匯突破][師生共研詞匯]1．declinen．&v．衰退；下降；減少；謝絕，婉拒[高考佳句]AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.(2017·江蘇高考)例如，在中國青壯年勞動力有可能急劇下降。(1)fall/gointo(a)decline(健康狀況等)惡化，下降；(企業(yè)等)衰落indecline/onthedecline處于衰退中，走下坡路(2)declinetodosth.拒絕做某事declineby/to...下降了/下降到……①Idon'tknowwhytheboydeclinedto_answer(answer)aquestion.我不知道為什么那男孩拒絕回答問題。②Thenumberofpeoplewhoruntheredlighthasbeenonthedeclinesincethenewtrafficregulationscameintoeffect.自從新的交通法規(guī)實(shí)施以來，闖紅燈的人數(shù)下降了。③Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastyearto5million.到該度假勝地的游客人數(shù)去年下降了10%，減少到500萬。[名師指津]表示“增加”或“減少”的幅度常用介詞by；表示“增加到”或“減少到”常用介詞to。2．a(chǎn)risevi.(由……)引起(產(chǎn)生)；出現(xiàn)；起身；起床[教材原句]Fromaregionofsevenmillionpeoplehasarisensomeofthegreatestpopmusicintheworld.從一個擁有700萬人口的地區(qū)產(chǎn)生了一些世界上最流行的音樂。[一詞多義]寫出下列句中arise的含義①Seeinghismotherreturnhome,theboyarosefromhischairimmediately.起身②Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingbutruinsayearago.出現(xiàn)③Theyaroseatsunrisetogetanearlystarttothepark.起床④Itcan'tbetoocarefulwhiledriving.Accidentsoftenarisefromcarelessness.(由……)引起[辨析比較]arise,arouse,rise,raise原形詞性、詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞arisevi.出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；(由……)引起(產(chǎn)生)；起身；起床arosearisenarisingarousevt.喚醒；激起arousedarousedarousingrisevi.升起；起身；增長；上升roserisenrisingraisevt.舉起；撫養(yǎng)；提高；飼養(yǎng)raisedraisedraising選用上面單詞完成下面語段⑤Asweallknow,theproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrenhavearisenfromlackofmunication.Althoughthestandardoflivingwasraised,_Tomcouldn'tgetalongwellwithhismother.Hismothergotupthemomentthesunroseintheeast.Sheworkedharddayandnighttosupportthefamily.Asaresult,shewasbadlyill,whicharousedTomeventually.眾所周知，父母與子女間的問題是由于缺乏交流而引起的。盡管生活水平提高了，但湯姆與母親相處不好。母親在太陽一從東方升起就起床，她日夜辛勤工作養(yǎng)活家人，結(jié)果她病得很重，這最終喚醒了湯姆。3．harmonyn．融洽，一致；協(xié)調(diào)[高考佳句]The“ChineseDream”isadreamtoimprovepeople'swell-beingandadreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.(2013·福建高考單選)“中國夢”是一個提升人民幸福感的夢想，也是一個和諧、和平以及發(fā)展的夢想。(1)inharmonywith...與……協(xié)調(diào)；與……和諧outofharmonywith...與……不協(xié)調(diào)/不一致liveinharmony和睦相處，和諧共處(2)harmoniousadj.和諧的，和睦的；協(xié)調(diào)的①Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforustosurviveistolivein_harmony_withnature.(2015·福建高考單選)人類生活被認(rèn)為是自然的一部分，同樣，我們存活下去的唯一方式是與自然和諧相處。②Thedecorisaharmonious(harmony)blendoftraditionalandmodern.這種裝飾風(fēng)格是傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代的和諧統(tǒng)一。4．devotev．為……付出時間/努力/金錢等[高考佳句]Beforetheexam,Idevotedmyselftopreparingforit.(2014·四川高考書面表達(dá))考試之前，我努力做好準(zhǔn)備。(1)devoteone'slife/time/money/energyto(doing)sth.把某人的一生/時間/金錢/精力奉獻(xiàn)于/投入到(做)某事中devoteoneselfto(doing)sth.獻(xiàn)身于/致力于(做)某事(2)devotedadj.忠誠的；摯愛的；全心全意的bedevotedto(doing)sth.專心于/奉獻(xiàn)于(做)某事(3)devotionn.關(guān)愛；關(guān)照；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠①Devoting(devote)herselftoteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.→Devoted(devote)toteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.全身心投入到教育失聰兒童中，這位年輕女士很少有時間照顧她自己的女兒。②Shedevotespartofhersparetimetoplaying(play)theviolineveryday.她每天都花部分業(yè)余時間練習(xí)小提琴。[詞匯過關(guān)練]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Withmanyproblemsarising(arise),hedidn'tknowwhattodonext.2．Touched(touch)bythesceneofthefilm,Icouldn'thelpcrying.3．Withthefinal-termexamapproaching(approach),allthestudentsarebusyreviewingtheirlessons.4．Itonlytookherthreedaysbeforeshefoundherselftobeinharmonywithhernewco-workers.5．Tryingtopersuadehimtoquitsmoking(smoke)wasinvain,becausehecontinuedtosmokewhenwewerenotathome.6．Plasticshavetakentheplaceofmanyconventional(convention)materials.7．Heisahumorous(humor)personandoftentellsusjokes.8．paredtotheoldergeneration,youngmigrant(migrate)workershavelessaffectionforthecountrysideandfarmlands.9．Themonkeysuddenlyemergedfrombehindthetree,frighteningLucyintoscreaming.10．Thechildrenmusthavegotlostinthewoods;otherwise,theywouldhavebeenatthelakesidecampasscheduled(schedule)．Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Petercameupwithanapproachtosolvetheproblematthemeeting,butmostofhiscolleaguesdidn'tthinkitwaspractical.solve→solving2．Allhertimeisdevotedtodoexperiments,andshehasnotimeforhousework.do→doing3．Thestoryhetoldusjustnowwastouched.touched→touching4．Inaddition,everystudentcanbeintheharmonywithforeignfriends,whichmakesiteasyforyoutogetalongwiththem.去掉the5．Hisinterestinputergamesisnowondecline.on→in或on后加the_Ⅲ.單句寫作(補(bǔ)全句子)1．令人欣慰的是，吸煙者的人數(shù)在逐漸下降。(onthedecline)Thankfullythe_number_of_smokers_is_on_the_decline.2．盡管多次受邀，但他總是拒絕造訪牛津。(inspiteof,declinetodo)In_spite_of_many_invitations,_he_would_decline_to_visit_Oxford.3．因?yàn)槿狈涣鞫a(chǎn)生的誤會可以消除。(arise)Misunderstanding_arising_from/out_of_the_lack_of_municationcanbeclearedup.4．只有當(dāng)我們意識到互助的重要性時，我們才能致力于建設(shè)一個和諧社會。(bedevotedto,harmonious)Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofhelpingeachothercan_we_be_devoted_to_buildingaharmonious_society.5．這些志愿者把他們的大部分業(yè)余時間都用來照顧社區(qū)的老人和孩子。(devote...to...)These_volunteers_devoted_most_of_their_spare_time_to_taking_care_of_theelderlyandthechildreninthemunity.[第二板塊短語、句式突破]1．ratherthan而不是[高考佳句]Wecanachievealotwhenwelearntoletourdifferencesunite,ratherthandivideus.(2016·浙江高考單選)當(dāng)我們學(xué)會求同存異，而非對立分歧時，我們會收獲頗多。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(1woulddosth.ratherthandosth.,wouldratherdosth.thandosth.,prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.))eq\a\vs4\al(寧愿做某事,而不愿做某事)(2)orrather更確切地說otherthan除……之外morethan很，非常，超過，不僅僅是①Thechildrenwouldcycletothecountrysiderather_thanstayindoorsalltheday.孩子們寧愿騎自行車到鄉(xiāng)下去，也不愿整天待在家里。②Inmyopinion,itisyouratherthanhethatare(be)toblamefortheterribleaccident.在我看來，是你而不是他該對這次可怕的事故負(fù)責(zé)任。[名師指津]ratherthan連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)與ratherthan前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。[寫作聯(lián)想]例句①的其他表達(dá)方式①Thechildrenpreferredtocycletothecountrysideratherthanstayindoorsalltheday.②Thechildrenwouldrathercycletothecountrysidethanstayindoorsalltheday.2．farfrom完全不；離……遠(yuǎn)；一點(diǎn)也不，遠(yuǎn)非[教材原句]It'sfarfrombeingapart-timejob.這遠(yuǎn)不是一份業(yè)余的工作。farfrom＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(n.,being＋adj.))eq\a\vs4\al(遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不是……；,一點(diǎn)也不……)farfromdoingsth.決不會做某事farfromit完全相反；遠(yuǎn)非如此①Yourexamresultsarefar_from_satisfactory.It'stimeforyoutodoubleyoureffort.你的考試成績令人非常不滿意，是你加倍努力的時候了。②Far_from_helpingthesituation,youhavejustmadeitworse.你非但對情況沒有幫助，反而使它更糟糕了。③—Isheagooddoctor?—Far_from_it.——他是一位優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)生嗎？——完全相反。3．Mymessageisthatit_doesn't_matterifyou'reblack,white,fat,thin,oldandyoung...我想告訴大家的是，不管你是黑人還是白人，肥胖還是瘦小，年長還是年幼，這些都不重要……Itdoesn'tmatter(tosb.)＋從句，意為“……(對某人來說)沒有關(guān)系/不要緊”。①Solongasyouarehappy,it_doesn't_matterhowmuchIwillsuffer.只要你幸福，我受多少苦都不要緊。(1)Itmattersalot/agreatdeal＋從句……非常重要Itdoesn'tmatter.(口語)沒關(guān)系。Whatmattersis...重要的是……(2)amatterof...……的問題asamatteroffact實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上What'sthematter?(口語)怎么了？tomakemattersworse更糟糕的是②As_a_matter_of_fact,_it_doesn't_matterwhetheramanisrichorpoor.What_matters_isthathehastolearntobeindependentandsocializewithothers.實(shí)際上，一個人是富有還是貧窮并不重要。重要的是他要學(xué)會自立，學(xué)會與人交往。③Beingeducatedisnotjusta_matter_ofexplainingandaccepting,butofexperiencingnewthingsandgrowingup.接受教育不僅僅是一個解釋和接受的問題，而是一個體驗(yàn)新事物和成長的問題。[短語、句式過關(guān)練]Ⅰ.選詞填空eq\x(ratherthan，otherthan，orrather，morethan)1．Whatweexpectfromyouisworkinghardrather_thanhardlyworking.2．ImethimverylateonFridaynight,or_rather,_earlySaturdaymorning.3．Theformcannotbesignedbyanyoneother_thanyourself.4．Iwasmore_thanalittleangrywhenIsawhowthey'druinedit.Ⅱ.一詞多義(寫出下列句中farfrom的含義)1．Farfrombeingrelaxed,webothfeltsounfortable.完全不2．Hisworkisfarfromperfect.遠(yuǎn)非3．Iamtryingtorecreatefamilylifefarfromhome.遠(yuǎn)離4．“IthinkLouiseisratherlazy.”“Farfromit!Sheworksveryhardindeed.”完全相反，遠(yuǎn)非如此Ⅲ.一句多譯許多孩子寧可宅在家里上網(wǎng)也不愿意出去與其他人面對面交流。①M(fèi)anychildrenwould_stayathomegoingonlinerather_than_go_outtomunicatewithothersfacetoface.②Manychildrenwould_rather_stayathomegoingonlinethan_go_outtomunicatewithothersfacetoface.③Manychildrenprefer_to_stayathomegoingonlinerather_than_go_outtomunicatewithothersfacetoface.Ⅳ.補(bǔ)全句子/完成小語段1．It_doesn't_matter(那不重要)aslongasIcanlivewithmyfamilyandwearesafe.2．It'sonlya_matter_of_time(時間問題)beforesomebodygetshurt.3．What_mattersis(重要的是)whetherthereformwillsucceed.4．Thecarhadbrokendown,andto_make_matters_worse(更糟糕的是),itwasbeginningtorain.5．Youarelookingpale,what's_the_matter(怎么了)?6．實(shí)際上，我們犯錯是不要緊的，重要的是我們要從中吸取教訓(xùn)。As_a_matter_of_fact,__it_doesn't_matterthatwemakemistakes,andwhat_mattersisthatwedrawalessonfromthem.eq\a\vs4\al([課堂雙線提能]課堂一刻鐘演練，實(shí)現(xiàn)教材與高考的對接)提能一用課文詞匯寫高分作文pioneer，devote，humorous，refreshing，emerge，touch，approach，boom，quit，pension，hiphop，makeanimpressionon，farfrom，tryout，takeadvantageof1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(“黑體”部分選用上面方框中的單詞或短語)①作為嬉蹦樂的創(chuàng)始人，這位音樂家大半生都在致力于音樂創(chuàng)作。Asthepioneerofhip_hop,_thismusicianhasdevotedmostofhislifetomusiccreation.②他幽默的演唱風(fēng)格令人耳目一新，給人留下了深刻印象。Hishumoroussingingstylewasrefreshingandmade_a_deep_impression_onpeople.③剛開始出現(xiàn)時這種音樂沒有打動觀眾，結(jié)果遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意。Whenitemergedfirst,thiskindofmusicdidn'ttouchtheaudienceanditwasfar_fromsatisfactory.④他利用不同的表演方法并不斷嘗試，使得這種音樂逐漸繁榮。Hetook_advantage_ofdifferentperformingapproachesandtried_it_outcontinuously.Thismadethemusicbegintoboom_gradually.⑤如今這位音樂家早已辭去工作，靠退休金頤養(yǎng)天年。Nowthemusicianhasquithisjob,livinganeasylifeonhispensioninoldage.2．升級平淡句(1)用so...that...句型升級句②His_humorous_singing_style_was_so_refreshing_that_it_made_a_deep_impression_on_people.(2)用含定語從句的復(fù)合句升級句④Hetookadvantageofdifferentperformingapproachesandtrieditoutcontinuously,whichmadethemusicbegintoboomgradually.3．銜接成語篇(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：but,then)Asthepioneerofhiphop,thismusicianhasdevotedmostofhislifetomusiccreation.Hishumoroussingingstylewassorefreshingthatitmadeadeepimpressiononpeople.Butwhenitemergedfirst,thiskindofmusicdidn'ttouchtheaudienceanditwasfarfromsatisfactory.Thenhetookadvantageofdifferentperformingapproachesandtrieditoutcontinuously,whichmadethemusicbegintoboomgradually.Nowthemusicianhasquithisjob,livinganeasylifeonhispensioninoldage.提能二用課文句型解構(gòu)高考長難句[本單元突破點(diǎn)——主體部分很短，次要部分較長的復(fù)雜句]經(jīng)典例句比較分析真題嘗試翻譯課文長難句InEngland,anewmusicformemerged,calledtriphop,amixtureofjazz,hiphopandelectronicmusic(forexample,musicplayedonputers)．該句主體部分是“anewmusicformemerged”，其后的“calledtriphop”為非限制性定語，“amixtureofjazz,hiphopandelectronicmusic”為triphop的同位語，括號內(nèi)部分為插入語。從拍攝那部電影以及四年后的《騙中騙》的經(jīng)歷中成長的友誼源于盡管有年齡的差異，但是我們都來自于戲劇和現(xiàn)場直播電視的傳統(tǒng)這個事實(shí)。真題長難句ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference，webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.(2017·全國卷Ⅱ閱讀理解B)該句主體部分是“Thefriendship...haditsroot”，句中第一個that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾Thefriendship，第二個that為限定詞，修飾film，第三個that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，作fact的同位語，在這個同位語從句中，含有although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。美國音樂起源于印第安人的音樂。美國音樂經(jīng)過長期發(fā)展，到20世紀(jì)初才具備獨(dú)特的美國風(fēng)格，并取得了與西方各國音樂文化同樣重要的地位。美國在音樂藝術(shù)方面有著領(lǐng)先全世界的藝術(shù)成就和發(fā)展的歷史文化背景，在經(jīng)過大眾娛樂的流行音樂洗禮后，美國的主流音樂和非主流音樂都受到全世界歌迷的熱烈追捧和共鳴，國際流行樂壇逐漸成為歐美音樂、美國音樂的代名詞，而美國各種音樂的藝術(shù)表達(dá)形式的風(fēng)格漸漸被亞洲和歐洲等娛樂文化大國的主流音樂吸收和混合，使得美國音樂跨越國土成為了全世界的時尚音樂文化指標(biāo)。此話題多在聽力、閱讀理解、書面表達(dá)等題型中考查。一、話題與語篇[考題示例](2016·全國卷Ⅲ閱讀A)Music[1]OperaatMusicHall：1243ElmStreet.TheseasonrunsJunethroughAugust,withadditionalperformancesinMarchandSeptember.TheOperahonorsEnjoytheArtsmembershipdiscounts.Phone:241-2742.：//_cityopera._.[2]ChamberOrchestra:TheOrchestraplaysatMemorialHallat1406ElmStreet,whichoffersseveralconcertsfromMarchthroughJune.Call723-1182formoreinformation.：//chamberorch..[3]SymphonyOrchestra:AtMusicHallandRiverbend.Forticketsales,call381-3300.RegularseasonrunsSeptemberthroughMayatMusicHallandinsummeratRiverbend.：///home.asp.[4]CollegeConservatoryofMusic(CCM):Performancesareonthemaincampus(校園)oftheuniversity,usuallyatPatriciaCobbettTheater.CCMorganizesavarietyofevents,includingperformancesbythewell-knownLaSalleQuartet,CCM'sPhilharmonicOrchestra,andvariousgroupsofmusicianspresentingBaroquethroughmodernmusic.StudentswithI．D.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.Afreescheduleofeventsforeachtermisavailablebycallingtheboxofficeat556-4183.：///events/calendar.[5]RiverbendMusicTheater:6295KelloggAve.Largeoutdoortheaterwiththeclosestseatsundercover(pricedifference).Bignameshowsallsummerlong!Phone:232-6220.:_//riverbendmusic.1．Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouwanttoseeanopera?A．241-2742. B．723-1182.C．381-3300. D．232-6220.2．WhencanyougotoaconcertbyChamberOrchestra?A．February. B．May.C．August. D．November.3．WherecanstudentsgoforfreeperformanceswiththeirI．D.cards?A．MusicHall. B．MemorialHall.C．PatriciaCobbettTheater. D．RiverbendMusicTheater.4．HowisRiverbendMusicTheaterdifferentfromtheotherplaces?A．Ithasseatsintheopenair.B．Itgivesshowsallyearround.C．Itoffersmembershipdiscounts.D．Itpresentsfamousmusicalworks.[策略指導(dǎo)](一)這樣讀文第1步：宏觀把握文章大意分層抓關(guān)鍵句概括層意行文結(jié)構(gòu)第1段第1～5段畫線波浪部分全文分五段分別介紹了五個與音樂有關(guān)的活動，包括舉辦的地點(diǎn)、時間、活動內(nèi)容、聯(lián)系方式等。并列分述第2段第3段第4段第5段第2步：微觀突破理解障礙CCMorganizesavarietyofevents,includingperformancesbythewell-knownLaSalleQuartet,CCM'sPhilharmonicOrchestra,andvariousgroupsofmusicianspresentingBaroquethroughmodernmusic.[句式分析]本句為一個含有較長介詞短語的簡單句，including至句末為介詞短語，performances后的“by...”是介詞短語作后置定語，“presentingBaroquethroughmodernmusic”為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作名詞的后置定語。[自主翻譯]CCM組織了多樣的活動，包括知名的LaSalle四重奏樂團(tuán)和CCM愛樂管弦樂團(tuán)的演出，還有各種代表巴羅克風(fēng)格到現(xiàn)代音樂的音樂家團(tuán)體所進(jìn)行的演出。(二)這樣做題[名師解題]1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。選A根據(jù)第一則廣告中的“TheOperahonorsEnjoytheArtsmembershipdiscounts.Phone:241-2742.”可以得出，如果想看歌劇，應(yīng)撥打241-2742。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。選B根據(jù)第二則廣告中的“...whichoffersseveralconcertsfromMarchthroughJune.”可知，可以在三月至六月去聽ChamberOrchestra舉辦的音樂會，因此May(五月)合適。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。選C根據(jù)第四則廣告中的“...usuallyatPatriciaCobbettTheater.”和“StudentswithI．D.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.”可知，有身份證的學(xué)生在PatriciaCobbettTheater可以免費(fèi)看演出。4．推理判斷題。選A據(jù)第五段第二句可知，RiverbendMusicTheater提到了露天場地，而其他四個地方均沒有提到，故選A。B項(xiàng)“偷換概念”，C項(xiàng)“張冠李戴”，D項(xiàng)“無中生有”。[閱讀理解系列技法28]火眼金睛識“偷換概念”對于干擾項(xiàng)的設(shè)置，命題者往往千方百計地用各種方法來迷惑讀者，其中常見的一種就是“偷換概念”，用看似相同的結(jié)構(gòu)來代替正確的表達(dá)。例如上文第4題，文章中用了“allsummerlong”這一時間概念，B項(xiàng)中卻偷換成“allyearround”，明顯地在時間上進(jìn)行了人為的擴(kuò)大，故排除B項(xiàng)。(三)這樣積累1．operan．歌?。桓鑴≡?．a(chǎn)dditionaladj.附加的，額外的3．performancen.性能；績效；表演4．discountn.折扣；貼現(xiàn)率5．orchestran.管弦樂隊(duì)；樂隊(duì)演奏處6．schedule時間表；計劃表；一覽表7．a(chǎn)varietyof各種各樣的8．forfree免費(fèi)二、話題與寫作[考題示例](2015·全國卷Ⅰ)假定你是李華，你校英文報“外國文化”欄目擬刊登介紹美國節(jié)日風(fēng)俗和中學(xué)生生活的短文。請給美國朋友彼得寫信約稿，要點(diǎn)如下：1．欄目介紹；2．稿件內(nèi)容；3．稿件長度：約400詞；4．交稿日期：6月28日前。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．開頭語已為你寫好。DearPeter，I'dliketoaskyoutowriteanarticleforourschool'sEnglishnewspaper.[寫作規(guī)范]第一步：寫對詞匯不丟冤枉分1．受到某人的歡迎be_popular_among_sb.2．刊登；登載carry/publish3．短文；(報刊上的)文章article4．節(jié)日festival5．緊密相關(guān)的；切題的relevant6．生動有趣并且內(nèi)容充實(shí)interesting_and_informative第二步：列全要點(diǎn)、寫對句子保基本分1．我們校英文報中的“外國文化”欄目深受我們學(xué)生的歡迎。The“ForeignCultures”sectioninournewspaperis_very_popular_among_us_students.2．它刊登外國朋友寫的關(guān)于他們國家文化的文章。Itcarriesarticleswhichare_written_by_foreign_friends_aboutthe_cultures_oftheir_home_countries.3．你能寫一些關(guān)于美國文化的事情嗎？Would_you_please_write_something_about_the_cultureinyourpartoftheUnitedStates?4．只要生動有趣并且內(nèi)容充實(shí)，你可以寫任何相關(guān)事情。If_onlyit'sinterestingandinformative,youcanwriteanythingrelevant.第三步：句式升級、打造亮點(diǎn)得高分1．用非謂語動詞作后置定語升級句2It_carries_articles_written_by_foreign_friends_about_the_cultures_of_their_home_countries.2．用solongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句升級句4You_can_write_anything_relevant_so_long_as_it's_interesting_and_informative.第四步：過渡銜接、潤色成文創(chuàng)滿分DearPeter，I'dliketoaskyoutowriteanarticleforourschool'sEnglishnewspaper.The_“Foreign_Cultures”_section_in_our_newspaper_is_very_popular_among_us_students._It_carries_articles_written_by_foreign_friends_about_the_cultures_of_their_home_countries._Would_you_please_write_something_about_the_culture_in_your_part_of_the_United_States?_And_we_would_especially_wele_articles_about_how_Americans_spend_their_holidays_and_festivals,_and_the_life_of_American_high_school_students._You_can_write_anything_relevant_so_long_as_it's_interesting_and_informative.400_words_would_be_fine._Could_we_have_your_article_before_June_28?I'm_looking_forward_to_hearing_from_you.Yours，Li_Hua[單元檢測·高考提能]Ⅰ.閱讀理解AOftencalledastrangegenius(天才),SydBarrett(1946－2006)formedthesupergroupPinkFloydin1965andwrote,sangandplayedguitaronalltheirearlyhitrecords,includingthe1967masterpiecePiperattheGatesofDawn.Heleftthebandin1968afterexperiencingsomekindofbreakdownduetothepressuresofstardom(明星身份)andtouring.Hemadetwosoloalbums(個人專輯),TheMadcapLaughsandBarrett,bothreleasedin1970,whichcontinuetosellwell.Barrettthenleftthemusicbusinesspletely,decidingamusician'slifewasnotforhim.Hedidnotmakeanymusicatallafter1974.Onceahouseholdname,heisnowmoreorlessforgottenexceptbyhisfans.HemovedbacktohishometownofCambridgeandstartedtousehisoriginalnameofRogerBarrett.Helivedalone,quietlyspendinghistimepaintingandgardening.Hereceivedasix-figureinefromhisPinkFloydroyalties(著作權(quán)使用費(fèi)),buthiscontactwiththeoutsideworldwasextremelysmall.Althoughhehadn'tappearedorspokeninpublicsincethemid-1970s,fansandjournalistsstillattemptedtocontacthim.In1971ajournalisttrackedhimdown.Sydtoldthereporterthathewalkedalot,painted,wastedtimeandfearedgettingold.AnotherjournalistreportedthatafatmanansweredthedoorandsaidthatSydcouldn'ttalk.In1992,AtlanticRecordsofferedhalfamilliondollarsforanynewSydBarrettrecordings.Barrettwasreallyafamousrecluse.Hisfamilyreportedthathewassatisfiedandreasonablyhealthy.Morerecently,whenfansorjournalistscalledonhimhewaspolite,butunwillingtodiscusshispastasafamousrockstar.Talkingtoonejournalistonhisdoorstepin2001,Sydaskedhimtoleaveashedidn'tdointerviewsanymore.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了因組建了PinkFloyd樂隊(duì)而著稱于世的英國歌手西德·巴勒特。1．WhydidSydBarrettleavePinkFloyd?A．Hefeltstressedasastar.B．Hesufferedfromaseriousdisease.C．Hewasworriedabouthispersonalsafety.D．Hewasofferedhigherpaybyanotherband.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Heleftthebandin1968afterexperiencingsomekindofbreakdownduetothepressuresofstardom(明星身份)andtouring.”可知，西德·巴勒特由于明星身份和巡回演出所帶來的壓力曾一度崩潰，所以他于1968年離開了PinkFloyd樂隊(duì)。2．AccordingtoParagraph2,SydBarrett________.A．movedtoanothercountryB．endedhislifeasamusicianC．continuedtowritemusicforPinkFloydD．wasforgottenbyhisfansandthemedia解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句和“Helivedalone,quietlyspendinghistimepaintingandgardening.”可知，西德·巴勒特結(jié)束了作為音樂人的生活。3．Theunderlinedword“recluse”inthelastparagraphreferstosomeonewho________.A．hasanxietydisordersB．a(chǎn)voidsmediaattentionC．esbackafteralongtimeD．stickstohisdreamsandbeliefs解析：選B詞義猜測題。由最后一段中的“whenfansorjournalistscalledonhimhewaspolite...Sydaskedhimtoleaveashedidn'tdointerviewsanymore”以及文中對西德·巴勒特的描述可知，西德·巴勒特過著隱居的生活，不想被媒體關(guān)注。BHaveyoueverwonderedwhymalls,restaurants,andeventheatershavemusicplaying?Well,justlookbackathowyouhavefeltwhenyouhaveheardmusicplayingattheseplaces.Playingtherighttypeofmusiccanhelppeoplefeelbetter.Musicalsohasaneffectonyourconcentration.Musicevenhelpspatientsfeelbetterandhelpsthemrecoverfasterandbetter.Depressionisastateofmindthatmostofusexperienceatsomepointoftime.Thereareperiodsinourlifewheneverythingcanseemdifficult.Studieshaveshownthatmusiccanbeamajormoodlifterinsuchsituations.Musicalsoplaysagreatroleinreducinganxiety.Anxietyoftencauseslackofsleepandotherrelatedproblems.Musicisoftenknownastheinternationallanguage.Wemaynotknowthelanguageanotherpersonisspeakingbutmostofusrespondtomusicinthesamemanner.Musicisoneofthebestwaystoliftyourmoods,butthiscandependalotonthetypeofmusicyoulistento.Whilehappymusiccanmakeyoufeelbetter,sadmusiccanfurtherdrownyourspirits.Ifthetempo(拍子)isfast,youwillbeeexcitedanddancetothemusic.Listeningtoclassicalmusiccanoftenmakeyoufeelpowerfulwhilesoftmusiccanbetheperfectwaytohelpyourelaxattheendofalongday.Ifyouwanttousemusictochangethewayyouarefeeling,youneedtorecognizethetypeofmusicthatcanliftyourmoods.Onceyouknowthetypeofmusicyoucanuse,youcanuseittochangethewayyoufeel.語篇解讀：音樂對能夠改善我們的心情，但是不同的音樂對于我們的情緒的影響是不一樣的。因此，我們要弄清各種音樂的作用，選擇適合自己的音樂。4．Whattypeofmusicshouldyoulistentoafteratiringday?A．Classicalmusic. B．Rockmusic.C．Sadmusic. D．Softmusic.解析：選D根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“...whilesoftmusiccanbetheperfectwaytohelpyourelaxattheendofalongday”可知，我們疲倦時最好聽一些輕音樂。5．Theeffectsofmusicinclude________.a．makingusfeelrelaxed B．helpingussleepwellc．helpingusconcentrate D．loweringourspiritse．helpingpatie