北師大版高中英語選擇性必修第一冊UNIT1 Section Ⅰ TOPIC TALK Lesson1學(xué)案

1．Mutualforgivenessofeachvice，sucharethegatesofParadise.—WilliamBlack相互寬容對方的缺點，乃是通向天堂之門。——威廉·布萊克2．Betrayingatrustisaveryquickandpainfulwaytoterminateafriendship.—RalphWaldoEmerson背信棄義會迅速而痛苦地斷送友誼。——拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生3．Hethatwillnotallowhisfriendtosharetheprizemustnotexpecthimtosharethedanger.—Aesop不肯讓朋友共享果實的人，不要指望朋友與他共患難?！了?．Beginningtoday，treateveryoneyoumeetasiftheyweregoingtobedeadbymidnight.Extendthemallthecare，kindnessandunderstandingyoucanmuster.Yourlifewillneverbethesameagain.—OgMandino從今天開始，對待每個人就好像他們在今天午夜之前就將離開人世。把你所有的關(guān)愛、善良和理解都賦予他們。你的生活從此將會不一樣?！獖W格·曼狄諾Thesecondgoalthatweallhaveincommonistoenjoyexcellentrelationships—intimate，personalorsocial—withthepeoplewelikeandrespect，andwholike，loveandrespectusinturn.Fully85%ofyourhappinesswillbedeterminedbythequalityofyourrelationshipsateachstage，andineacharea，ofyourlife.Howwellwegetalongwithpeople，andhowmuchtheylike，loveandrespectyou，havemoreimpactonthequalityofyourlifethanperhapsanyotherfactor.Sure，it'sgoodtogetalongwithyourteacherbecauseitmakesthetimeyouspendintheclassroommorepleasant.Andyes，it'sgoodtogetalongwithyourteacherbecause，ingeneral，it'ssmarttolearnhowtorelatetothedifferenttypesofpeopleyou'llmeetthroughoutyourlife.Infact，kidswhogetalongwiththeirteachersnotonlylearnmore，butthey'remorecomfortableaskingquestionsandgettingextrahelp.Thismakesiteasiertounderstandnewmaterialanddoyourbestontests.Asakidinaprimaryormiddleschool，you'reatawonderfulstageinyourlife.You'relikeasponge(海綿)，abletosoakuplotsofnewandexcitinginformation.Ontopofthat，you'reabletothinkaboutallthisinformationinnewways.Somekidsmaybeabletolearninanysituation，whethertheyliketheteacherornot.Butmostkidsaresensitivetothewaytheygetalongwiththeteacher，andifthingsaren'tgoingwell，theywon'tlearnaswellandwon'tenjoybeinginclass.[探究發(fā)現(xiàn)]1．Whatarethebenefitsifkidsgetalongwellwiththeirteachers?Theycanlearnmoreandaskquestionsandgetextrahelpmorecomfortably.2．Whydoesthewritercompareakidtoasponge?Becauseakidcansoakuplotsofnewandexcitinginformation.3．Whatdoesthepassagetalkabout?Theimportanceofagoodrelationshipwithteachers.SectionⅠTOPICTALK&LESSON1Ⅰ.匹配詞義A．單詞匹配()1.trait A．n.侄女，外甥女()2.niece B．n.特性，品質(zhì)()3.nephew C．a(chǎn)dj.havingorshowingstrongfeelingsof enthusiasmforsth.orbeliefinsth.()4.passionate D．a(chǎn)dj.中等教育；中級的；次要的()5.secondary E．n.侄子，外甥()6.flu F．a(chǎn)dj.concernedwithemotionsandfeelings()7.emotional G．n.流行性感冒，流感()8.angle H．n.氫()9.hydrogen I．n.教育(學(xué))家()10.educationalist J．n.thespacebetweentwolinesorsurfaces thatjoin，measuredindegrees[答案]1—5BAECD6—10GFJHIB．短語匹配()1.forthefirsttime A．一些，幾個；一雙，一對()2.pourinto B．過去經(jīng)常，曾經(jīng)()3.acoupleof C．初次；第一次()4.usedto D．投入(倒)……于某物[答案]1—4CDABⅡ.默寫單詞1．humourn. 幽默感2．outgoingadj. 外向的，好交際的3．hostvt. 主辦；做……的東道主n. 主人；主持人4．incredibleadj. 難以置信的；極好的5．occasionallyadv. 偶爾；偶然6．gratefuladj. 感激的，感謝的7．practicaladj. 實際的；實踐的；切實可行的8．pourvt. 灌，注，倒9．lackvt. 缺乏10．a(chǎn)ccessn. 進(jìn)入；接觸的機(jī)會11．worthwhileadj. 值得做的；重要的；有益的Ⅰ.語境填詞lack；angle；access；humour；drags；hosted；worthwhile；outgoing；poured；grateful1．Hewasamanoffewwordswithadelightfuldrysenseofhumour．2．Someexpertsmadeatriptothecitylastyearanditwasworthwhile．3．Youneedapasswordtogetaccesstothecomputersystem.4．Hedragshisleg，andhecanhardlylifthisarm.5．Thesepeoplelackallunderstandingofscientificprinciples.6．HewentandpouredabrandyforDenaandbroughtittoher.7．Iamextremelygratefultoalltheteachersfortheirhelp.8．Weattendedadinnerpartyhostedbythepresidentofthecompany.9．IamanoutgoingpersonandIlovetomakefriendswithotherpeople.10．Theboatisnowleaningata30degreeangle．Ⅱ.語法填空之派生詞1．TheBritishteacherisveryhumorous(humour)andalwaystellsusjokes.2．Iadmireapersonwhoishonest，creativeandpassionate(passion)．3．Heusedhisincredible(credible)senseofhumourtoliftmyspirits.4．Ilikeplayingfootballbest，butoccasionally(occasional)Iplaytabletennis，too.5．Theyoftenseemdepressedandclosetoemotional(emotion)breakdown.6．Myhusbandisextremely(extreme)long-sightedwhileIamveryshort-sighted.7．Therearesomeobviouspractical(practice)applicationsoftheresearch.8．Hisbehaviour(behave)towardsherwasbecomingmoreandmoreaggressive.9．Theremotedesertareaisaccessible(access)onlybyhelicopter.10．IalwaysaskhowmuchtimeIhavetomakemypresentation(present)．1．Ihadnoideawhathydrogenwas，andIdidn'treallywanttoknow，either!我不知道氫是什么，我也不想知道！2．IknowthatIwasn'tawillingstudent，butIwasn'tslowtolearnnewthings.我知道我不是一個主動學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生，但我在學(xué)習(xí)新事物方面并不遲鈍。3．OnceIcaughthimandhisfriendsseeingwhocouldjumpthefarthestofftheschoolstage!有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽，看誰能從學(xué)校的舞臺上跳得最遠(yuǎn)。4．Thefirstdayhewalkedintomyclass，hewasdragginghisschoolbagbehindhimandlookingbored，butassoonasIsetupanexperimenttoshowhowthehumanstomachworksusingacidandanonion，hegavemehisfullattention.他第一天走進(jìn)我的教室時，拖著書包，看起來很無聊。但當(dāng)我用酸和洋蔥做了一個實驗來演示人類胃的工作原理時，他全神貫注地聽我講課。5．IfwhatIdoasateachercanhelpturnachildlikeGrahamintosuchasuccessfuladult，thenIknowwhatI'mdoingisworthwhile.如果我作為一名教師所做的能夠幫助像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子成為一個成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的是值得的。課文助讀①thinkabout回想起，記起②begoodat擅長③theanglesofatriangle三角形的內(nèi)角④addupto總共是⑤becomeinterestedin對……感興趣⑥forthefirsttime第一次⑦(be)fullof充滿⑧havenoidea不知道⑨hydrogenn．氫⑩soboring如此無聊?makeeverythinginteresting讓一切都變得有趣?usedto過去經(jīng)常，曾經(jīng)?withlotsofpracticalexamples用大量的實例?insimplelanguage用簡單的語言?buildarocket制造一個火箭?poursomefuelinto往……倒一些燃料?lightamatch劃火柴?setoff點燃；燃放?awillingstudent主動學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生?lackconfidenceinoneself缺乏自信?havemyownstrengths有自己的優(yōu)勢?starsandplanets恒星和行星?giveapresentationto給……做報告?explainscienceto向……解釋科學(xué)?ifonly...要是……該多好?askforone'sopinion征求某人的意見?acoupleof一雙，一對；幾個人，幾件事物?usedtoteachhim曾經(jīng)教過他?badbehaviour不良行為?catchsb.doing...看到某人正在做某事?getinterested感興趣?dragone'sschoolbag拖著某人的書包?lookbored看起來很無聊?setupanexperiment做實驗?useacidandanonion用酸和洋蔥?doverywellin……做得很好?aswellas和……一樣好?nosuchthingas沒有像……這樣的東西?findout發(fā)現(xiàn)?makefriendswithallourstudents和我們所有的學(xué)生交朋友?makesure確保?thepathtosuccess成功之路?inlaterlife在以后的生活中?ajobwithalotofstress一份壓力很大的工作?haveaccesstochildren'sminds走進(jìn)孩子們的心靈?beeagertodosth.渴望做某事?o使……變成?worthwhileadj.值得做的；重要的；有益的?thefamouseducationalist著名教育家?preparationforlife為生活做準(zhǔn)備原文呈現(xiàn)TEACHERSMyTeacherIhaven'tseenMrJenkinssinceIleftschool，butIoftenthinkabout①him.(1)Iwasn'tverygoodat②mostschoolsubjectsbeforeImetMrJenkins.IsupposeIwasabitlazy，especiallyinmaths.TheonlythingIcanrememberfromschoolmathsisthattheanglesofatriangle③addupto④180degrees！(2)ButwhenIwas15andwentintoMrJenkins'class(3)，Ireallybecameinterestedin⑤asubjectforthefirsttime⑥.(1)but連接表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句，第一個分句中sinceIleftschool為時間狀語從句。(2)句中I...schoolmaths為定語從句，修飾先行詞thing；系動詞is后的that...180degrees為表語從句。(3)when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。BeforeMrJenkinstaughtme，sciencehadsimplybeenasubjectfullof⑦strangewordstome.Ihadnoidea⑧whathydrogen⑨was，andIdidn'treallywanttoknow，either！(4)Ifounditallsoboring⑩anddifficult.ButMrJenkinsmadeeverythinginteresting?.Heusedto?explainthingswhichseemeddifficult(5)withlotsofpracticalexamples?andinsimplelanguage?.Oneday，hetookusoutside，andwebuiltarocket?！Irememberthatheletmepoursomefuelinto?therocket(6)，andthenanotherstudentlitamatch?tosetitoff?.Itwasgreatfun.(4)and連接表示順承關(guān)系的并列句，第一個分句中whathydrogenwas為同位語從句。(5)which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞things。(6)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。IknowthatIwasn'tawillingstudent?(7)，butIwasn'tslowtolearnnewthings.TheproblemwasthatIlackedconfidenceinmyself?(8)．MrJenkinsmademefeelthatIhadmyownstrengths?(9)．Iwasinterestedinthestudyofthestarsandplanets?andheaskedmetogiveapresentationto?theclass.ThatwasreallythefirsttimeItriedtoexplainscienceto?anaudienceandnowit'smyjob！(10)OftenwhenI'mpreparingaprogramme，IthinkabouthowMrJenkinswouldhavedoneit.(11)SometimesIthink，ifonly?Icouldcallhimandaskforhisopinion?(12)!(7)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(8)that引導(dǎo)表語從句。(9)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(10)and連接表示順承關(guān)系的并列句，第一個分句中I...audience為定語從句，先行詞為thefirsttime。(11)when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，how...doneit為賓語從句。(12)ifonly用于虛擬語句，表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的遺憾或與真實條件不符的愿望。MyStudentI'vereadacoupleof?Graham'sbooksandseenhimonTV.Ialwayssaytomywife，“Ohlook，Iusedtoteachhim?！”IrememberGrahamwasverydifficultbeforehecameintomyclass(13)．Ihadheardstoriesabouthisbadbehaviour?.OnceIcaughthimandhisfriendsseeing?(14)whocouldjumpthefarthestofftheschoolstage(15)！Butwhenhegotinterested?(16)，hechanged.Thefirstdayhewalkedintomyclass，hewasdragginghisschoolbag?behindhimandlookingbored?，butassoonasIsetupanexperiment?toshowhowthehumanstomachworksusingacidandanonion?，hegavemehisfullattention.(17)Helovedscience!Hewasverybrightandhehaddoneverywellin?sciencesubjects.(13)before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。(14)seeing在句中作動詞caught的賓語補足語。(15)who引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(16)when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。(17)but連接表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句，第一個分句中Thefirstday引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；第二個分句中assoonas也引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。However，Ihavenotdoneaswellwithallmystudentsas?IhavewithGraham(18)．Ithinkit'simportanttounderstandthatthere'snosuchthingas?agoodorabadstudent(19)．LookatGraham!Everyoneisgoodatsomethingandit'simportanttofindout?whatthatisforeachstudent．(20)Weteachersshouldhavemoretimetomakefriendswithallourstudents?andreallyunderstandthem.Thenwecouldmakesure?thatwewouldfindthepathtosuccess?，bothatschoolandinlaterlife?，forallofthem(21)．(18)as...as引導(dǎo)同級比較句。(19)省略that的賓語從句，其中that...badstudent也是一個賓語從句。(20)and連接表示順承關(guān)系的并列句，第二個分句中it為形式主語，真正的主語為后面的不定式短語tofindout...，其中whatthatisforeachstudent為賓語從句。(21)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。IknewIhadchosenajobwithalotofstress?butIlovewhatIdo.(22)Thethingaboutbeingateacheristhatyouhaveaccesstochildren'sminds?whentheyareopenandeagertolearn?(23)．IfwhatIdoasateachercanhelpturnachildlikeGrahaminto?suchasuccessfuladult，thenIknowwhatI'mdoingisworthwhile?.(24)AsJohnDewey，thefamouseducationalist?，said，“Educationisnotpreparationforlife?；educationislifeitself.”(22)but連接表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句，第一個分句中Iknew后是省略了that的賓語從句；第二個分句中whatIdo也是一個賓語從句。(23)that引導(dǎo)表語從句；when...tolearn為時間狀語從句。(24)if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，其中whatIdoasateacher為主語從句，whatI'mdoingisworthwhile為賓語從句，其中whatI'mdoing為主語從句。譯文參考老師我的老師自從我離開學(xué)校后就沒見過詹金斯先生，但我經(jīng)常想起他。在遇到詹金斯先生之前學(xué)校的大多數(shù)科目我都不太擅長。我想那時候我有點懶惰，尤其是在數(shù)學(xué)方面。我唯一還記得的數(shù)學(xué)課內(nèi)容是三角形的內(nèi)角和是180度。但當(dāng)我15歲上詹金斯先生的課時，我第一次真正對一門學(xué)科產(chǎn)生了興趣。在詹金斯先生教我之前，對我來說，科學(xué)只是一個充滿陌生詞匯的學(xué)科。我不知道氫是什么，我也不想知道！我覺得這一切都是如此無聊和困難。但詹金斯先生讓一切都變得有趣起來。他過去經(jīng)常用大量的實例和簡單的語言來解釋那些似乎很難的東西。有一天，他帶我們出去，制造了一個火箭！我記得他讓我把一些燃料倒進(jìn)火箭，然后另一位同學(xué)劃著火柴點火，將火箭發(fā)射出去。這非常有趣。我知道我不是一個主動學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生，但我在學(xué)習(xí)新事物方面并不遲鈍。問題是我缺乏自信。詹金斯先生讓我覺得我有自己的優(yōu)勢。我對研究恒星和行星很感興趣，他讓我給全班同學(xué)做了一個報告。那真的是我第一次嘗試向觀眾解釋科學(xué)，現(xiàn)在這是我的工作！當(dāng)我準(zhǔn)備一個節(jié)目時，我常常會想詹金斯先生會怎么做。有時我想，要是能打電話征求他的意見該多好！我的學(xué)生我讀過幾本格雷厄姆的書，還在電視上見過他。我總是對我的妻子說，“哦，看，我以前教過他！”我記得格雷厄姆來上我的課之前非常難對付。我聽說過他的不良行為。有一次我撞見他和幾個朋友比賽，看誰能從學(xué)校的舞臺上跳得最遠(yuǎn)。但當(dāng)他感興趣時，他改變了。他第一天走進(jìn)我的教室時，拖著書包，看起來很無聊。但當(dāng)我用酸和洋蔥做了一個實驗來演示人類胃的工作原理時，他全神貫注地聽我講課。他喜歡科學(xué)！他很聰明，在科學(xué)方面成績很好。不過，并不是每一個學(xué)生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。我認(rèn)為重要的是要明白沒有好學(xué)生和壞學(xué)生之分。看看格雷厄姆！每個人都有自己擅長的領(lǐng)域，了解每個學(xué)生的專長是很重要的。我們老師應(yīng)該有更多的時間和所有的學(xué)生交朋友，真正了解他們。然后我們可以確保為他們所有人找到了通往成功的道路，無論是在學(xué)校還是在以后的生活中。我知道我選擇了一份壓力很大的工作，但我熱愛我的工作。做教師意味著，你有機(jī)會在孩子們敞開心扉、渴望學(xué)習(xí)的時候，走進(jìn)他們的心靈。如果我作為一名教師所做的能夠幫助像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子成為一個成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的是值得的。正如著名的教育家約翰·杜威所說：“教育并不是為生活而做的準(zhǔn)備，教育本身就是生活。”速讀課文，完成下列任務(wù)Ⅰ.閱讀判斷判斷以下句子提供的信息是正確(T)，還是錯誤(F)。1．Grahamwasn'tverygoodatmathsbecauseoflaziness. ()2．MrJenkinsmadeGrahaminterestedinscience. ()3．Whilepreparingaprogramme，GrahamoftenturnedtoMrJenkinsforhelp.()4．MrJenkinsthoughtGrahamwasalwaysastudentofgoodbehaviouratschool.()5．Grahamhadtoleaveschoolbecauseofalotofstudystress. ()[答案]1—5TTFFFⅡ.補全信息選擇正確選項填入空白處，補全所給句子提供的信息：A．thatyouhaveaccesstochildren'smindsB．thatheletmepoursomefuelintotherocketC．thattheanglesofatriangleaddupto180degreesD．thatwewouldfindthepathtosuccessE．thatthere'snosuchthingasagoodorabadstudentF．thatIwasn'tawillingstudent1．TheonlythingIcanrememberfromschoolmathsis________！2．Iremember________，andthenanotherstudentlitamatchtosetitoff.3．Iknow________，butIwasn'tslowtolearnnewthings.4．Ithinkit'simportanttounderstand________．5．Thenwecouldmakesure________，bothatschoolandinlaterlife，forallofthem.[答案]1—5CBFED細(xì)讀課文，完成下列任務(wù)Ⅰ.主旨匹配Myteacher段落主旨大意1.Para.12.Para.23.Para.3A．MrJenkinsmademeconfidentinmyself.B．Ididn'tdowellinmostschoolsubjects.C．MrJenkinsmadescienceinteresting.[答案]1—3BCAMystudent段落主旨大意4.Para.15.Para.26.Para.3A．MrJenkins'attitudetostudents.B．MrJenkins'beliefsinteaching.C．MrJenkins'impressionofGraham.[答案]4—6CABⅡ.課文理解1．HowdidGrahamfeelaboutsciencebeforeMrJenkins?A．Interested. B．Bored.C．Easy. D．Funny.2．WhatisGraham'sjobnow?A．Toteachscienceinamiddleschool.B．Tohostascienceprogramme.C．Togiveapresentationtotheclass.D．Tointroducehisexperiencetoanaudience.3．HowdidMrJenkinsthinkofGraham?A．Hewasslowtolearnnewthings.B．Hedidn'tgetalongwellwithhisclassmates.C．Hewasverycleverinsciencesubjects.D．Hewasnotaverygoodstudent.4．WhatisworthwhileasateacheraccordingtoMrJenkins?A．Helpingastudentturnintoasuccessfulperson.B．Teachinglessonsbysettingupexperiments.C．Findingoutwhatisforeachstudent.D．Becomingafamouseducationalist.[答案]1—4BBCAⅢ.續(xù)寫素材積累續(xù)寫素材積累(一)——人物描述A．閱讀文中含有人物描述的語句1．Iwasn'tverygoodatmostschoolsubjects...2．IsupposeIwasabitlazy，especiallyinmaths.3．IknowthatIwasn'tawillingstudent，butIwasn'tslowtolearnnewthings.4．TheproblemwasthatIlackedconfidenceinmyself.5．IrememberGrahamwasverydifficultbeforehecameintomyclass.B．判斷下列語句中哪個不是表示人物描述的？1．Helovedscience!2．Hewasverybrightandhehaddoneverywellinsciencesubjects.3．Thenwecouldmakesurethatwewouldfindthepathtosuccess，bothatschoolandinlaterlife，forallofthem.4．Educationisnotpreparationforlife；educationislifeitself.[答案]3、41．humourn．幽默感→humorousadj.幽默的；有幽默感的2．passionn．激情，熱情→passionateadj.熱愛的，酷愛的；具有強(qiáng)烈信念的3．credibleadj.可信的，可靠的→incredibleadj.難以置信的；極好的→incrediblyadv.非常地，極端地4．occasionn．時刻，場合→occasionaladj.偶然的；特殊場合的→occasionallyadv.偶爾；偶然5．emotionn．情感，感情，激情→emotionaladj.情感上的；情緒上的6．extremen．極端→extremelyadv.極度，極其7．practicen．實踐；實施→practicaladj.實際的；實踐的；切實可行的→practicallyadv.幾乎；差不多；講究實際地8．behavevt.&vi.舉動；(舉止或行為)表現(xiàn)→behaviourn．行為，舉止9．a(chǎn)ccessn．進(jìn)入；接觸的機(jī)會→accessibleadj.可到達(dá)的；可接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可使用的；可見到的；容易理解的；易懂的10．educatevt.教育；訓(xùn)練→educatedadj.受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的→educationn．教育→educationaladj.教育的→educationalistn．教育(學(xué))家1．hostn．主人；東道主；主辦國(或城市、機(jī)構(gòu))；(電視或廣播的)節(jié)目主持人v．主辦，主持(活動)；主持(電視或廣播節(jié)目等)；作為主人組織(聚會)；做東①Apartfrommyhost，Ididn'tknowasinglepersonthere. n.主人②Tonightshehostsaballfor300guests. v.做東舉辦③ShealsohostsashowonStPetersburgRadio. v.主持④Atlantawaschosentobehostofthe1996OlympicGames. n.東道主2．a(chǎn)ccessn．通道；通路；入徑；(使用或見到的)機(jī)會，權(quán)利①Theonlyaccesstothefarmhouseisacrossthefields. 通道②Scientistshaveonlyrecentlybeenabletogainaccesstothearea.機(jī)會，權(quán)利知識要點1occasionallyadv.偶爾；偶然[例]There'snoharminyourstayinguplateoccasionally.偶爾晚睡并無妨害。[知識拓展](1)occasionn. 時候，時刻；場合；原因，理由；時機(jī)，機(jī)會onoccasion(s) 偶爾，有時ononeoccasion 曾經(jīng)，有一次onthis/thatoccasion 在這個/那個時候onnooccasion 絕不，不會ontheoccasionof... 在……的時候，在……之際(2)occasionaladj. 偶爾的，間或發(fā)生的[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Ionlywearatieonspecialoccasions.②Nobodywouldblameyouforanoccasional(occasion)slipofthetongue.③Onnooccasionshouldyoutrytocheatothers，fortheyfindyoudishonest，theywillneverbelieveyouanymore.你在任何場合都不要欺騙別人，因為一旦他們發(fā)現(xiàn)你不誠實，他們就再也不會相信你了。知識要點2gratefuladj.感激的，感謝的[例]Wewouldbegratefulforanyinformationyoucouldgiveus.如能提供信息我們將感激不盡。[知識拓展](1)begratefultosb.forsth.因某事而感激某人(2)Iwouldbegratefulif...如果……，我將不勝感激[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Hewasgratefulthatshedidn'ttellhisparentsabouttheincident.②Iwillbedeeplygratefultoyouforyourkindnessfortherestofmylife.③I'dbegratefulifyoucouldletmeknowassoonaspossible.你如果能讓我盡快知道我將不勝感激。知識要點3practicaladj.實際的；實踐的；切實可行的[例]Mylackofpracticalexperienceisadisadvantage.我缺少實際經(jīng)驗是個不利條件。[知識拓展](1)apracticalmethod 實用的方法；有效的方法for(all)practicalpurposes 實際上(2)practicen. 實踐；實際行動；慣例；慣常做的事v. 練習(xí)；實習(xí)；實行practice(doing)sth. 練習(xí)(做)某事inpractice 實際上；事實上[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Listen!Someoneispracticingplaying(play)thepiano.②Thiskindofproductisworthlessforallpracticalpurposes.③Iwanttospeakabouthowweapplytheseprinciplesinpractice．我想要談?wù)勎覀冊趯嵺`中是如何應(yīng)用這些原則的。知識要點4pourvt.灌，注，倒[例]Hepouredthewaterawayafterhefinishedwashingthecar.他洗完車后把水倒掉了。[知識拓展]pourin 涌進(jìn)pourinto 投入(倒)于某物pourout 倒出；涌出；傾訴pouroutof... 從……中涌出來pourdown (雨)傾盆而降[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Theraysofthesunpoursinthroughthewindow.②Theriverpoursintothesea.③Sobbing，shepouredoutthewholestory．她一邊哭泣，一邊訴說整件事情的經(jīng)過。④Hewasseriouslywounded.Bloodpouredoutofthewound．他傷得很重，傷口血流如注。知識要點5lackvt.缺乏n.缺乏[例]Wemustnotethatwestilllackqualifiedspecialists.我們必須注意我們還缺乏有資質(zhì)的專家。[知識拓展](1)forlackof 缺乏……；沒有……；因缺少……(a)lackof 缺乏；不足……h(huán)avenolackof... 不缺乏……(2)lack(for) 缺……；不充足lackingadj. 缺少的；不足的belackingin 不足；不夠；缺少[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/一句多譯①Hedidnotfinishhisschoolingforlackofmoney.②Theyaresorichthattheylackfornothing.③Adietlacking(lack)innutritionalvaluewillnotkeepapersonhealthy.④Themandidn'tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoungbecausehelacked(for)money．＝Themandidn'tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoungbecausehewaslackinginmoney．＝Themandidn'tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoungforlackofmoney．＝Lackingmoney，themandidn'tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoung.因為沒錢，這個人小時候沒有上學(xué)。[名師點津]看“l(fā)ack”缺什么？①lack用作名詞時一般用作單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，意為“缺乏；短缺”。后面常接介詞of表示缺少的內(nèi)容，構(gòu)成lackof短語。②lack用作動詞時可作及物動詞，意為“缺乏；沒有；短缺”。后面直接接名詞作賓語。也可作不及物動詞，如跟賓語要加for，構(gòu)成lackforsth.。知識要點6acoupleof一些，幾個；一雙，一對[例]IspentacoupleofdayssightseeinginGuilin.我在桂林觀光了幾天。[知識拓展](1)incouples 成雙成對(2)acoupleof＋n.[C] 作主語時謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Therearebirdsincouplesinthetrees.②Thereis(be)acoupleofboyswaitingforyou.知識要點7usedto過去經(jīng)常，曾經(jīng)[例]Iusedtocook，butIdon'thavetimetocooknow.我以前總做飯，但是現(xiàn)在沒時間做了。[知識拓展]usedtodosth. 表示“過去經(jīng)常做某事”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再做了be/getusedto(doing)sth. 表示“習(xí)慣于(做)某事”，現(xiàn)在依舊在做beusedtodosth. 表示“被用于做某事”，是被動語態(tài)[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子①Itcanbeusedtodothesamething.這個可以用來做相同的事情。②Letyourbodyget/beusedtothetemperaturechange!讓你的身體適應(yīng)溫度的變換！③Iusedtogetthemailearlyinthemorning.我過去經(jīng)常在清晨去取郵件。知識要點8behaviourn．行為，舉止[例]Herhusbandfeltashamedatherbehaviour.她丈夫為她的行為感到害臊。[知識拓展](1)goodbehaviour 良好的行為badbehaviour 不良行為(2)behavevt.&vi. 舉動；(舉止或行為)表現(xiàn)behavewell/badlyto/towardssb. 對待某人好/差behaveoneself 守規(guī)矩；表現(xiàn)得體(3)well-behavedadj. 表現(xiàn)好的badly-behavedadj. 表現(xiàn)差的[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Theybehavedbadlyto/towardsmeattheparty，whichmademeveryangry.②Mymotheraskedmetobehavemyself(me)beforetheguests.③Hisbadbehaviour(behave)broughtshametothewholeschool.知識要點9accessn．進(jìn)入；接觸的機(jī)會[例]Youcaneasilygetaccesstoher.你很容易接近她。[知識拓展](1)gain/get/have/obtainaccessto 可以到達(dá)/使用/得到(機(jī)會，權(quán)利等)giveaccessto 得以接近；準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入(2)accessibleadj. 可接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可使用的beaccessibletosb. 易被某人接近/使用/進(jìn)入等[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Studentsinourschoolhaveaccesstogoodinformationresources.②Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitisaccessible(access)tochildren.③Theaccesstosuccessistomakegooduseoftheaccesstoeducation．通向成功的方法是好好利用受教育的機(jī)會。[名師點津]access的本意是進(jìn)入某一地點的“通道，入口”，側(cè)重進(jìn)入的手段與途徑，其含義是抽象的，一般用作不可數(shù)名詞。其引申義可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、權(quán)力等”，常與介詞to連用。此外，access在計算機(jī)術(shù)語中可作“訪問，進(jìn)網(wǎng)”講。知識要點10worthwhileadj.值得做的；重要的；有益的[例]However，theeveningmakesitallworthwhile.然而，夜晚讓一切都值得。[知識拓展]“值得做某事”的句型：(1)Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth.(2)sth.isworthdoingsth.isworthyofbeingdonesth.isworthytobedone[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/一句多譯/完成句子①Itisn'tworthwhilequarrelling/toquarrel(quarrel)withheraboutsuchlittlethings.②Inmyopinion，thefilmiswellworthseeing(see)．＝Inmyopinion，thefilmisworthyofbeingseen．＝Inmyopinion，thefilmisworthytobeseen．(不定式)＝Inmyopinion，itisworthwhiletoseethefilm．(不定式)＝Inmyopinion，itisworthwhileseeingthefilm．(動名詞)在我看來，這部電影值得一看。③Thissuggestionisworthytobeconsidered/ofbeingconsidered．這個建議值得考慮。重點句式1as...as...和……一樣……(教材P9)However，IhavenotdoneaswellwithallmystudentsasIhavewithGraham.不過，并不是每一個學(xué)生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。[句式分析]as...as...表示“和……一樣……”，表示同級比較；第一個as為副詞，第二個as為連詞。[例1]Thisfilmisasinterestingasthatone.這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。[例2]Yourpenwritesassmoothlyasmine.你的鋼筆書寫起來和我的一樣流暢。[知識拓展](1)其否定式為notas/so＋adj./adv.＋as；(2)若有修飾成分，如twice，threetimes，half，aquarter等，則須置于第一個as之前；(3)as...as結(jié)構(gòu)的另一種形式是“asmuch/many＋名詞＋as＋從句”；(4)as...as結(jié)構(gòu)的另一變體形式是“as＋形容詞原級＋名詞詞組＋as”。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Tonyisascleveraboyashisbrother.②Itisasmuchyourfaultasyourwife.③Yourbagistwiceasexpensiveasmine.你的袋子比我的貴一倍。④Thisdictionaryisnotas/sousefulasyouthink.這本字典不如你想象的那樣有用。⑤Maryhaswrittenasmanyessaysasherbrother.瑪麗寫的文章篇數(shù)和她弟弟一樣多。⑥Idon'twantasexpensiveacarasthis．我不要這么貴的汽車。重點句式2notall部分否定(教材P9)However，IhavenotdoneaswellwithallmystudentsasIhavewithGraham.不過，并不是每一個學(xué)生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。[句式分析]句中not...all表示部分否定，意為“并非所有的都……”。[例1]Notallmenaresuitableforthatkindofwork.不是所有的人都適合從事那類工作。[例2]Allfootballstarsarenotill-behavedlouts.并非所有的足球明星都是舉止粗野的人。[知識拓展](1)含有“整體；全部”意義的詞all，both，every，everybody，everything，always，entirely，wholly，altogether等與否定詞連用時，表示部分否定。(2)none，neither，noone，nobody，nothing，never等表示全部否定。[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子/一句多譯①Idon'twantboththebooks．我不是兩本書都要。②Idon'tknoweverythingabouther.關(guān)于她的情況我并不全知道。③EverybodywouldnotliketogotoBeijing.＝NoteverybodywouldliketogotoBeijing.并非人人都愿意去北京。④Noneofthestudentshavepassedtheexam.這些學(xué)生都沒有通過考試。1．TheonlythingIcanrememberfromschoolmathsisthattheanglesofatriangleaddupto180degrees![分析]句中Icanrememberfromschoolmaths為省略了關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句，修飾先行詞thing；系動詞is后thattheanglesofatriangleaddupto180degrees為that引導(dǎo)的表語從句。[翻譯]我唯一還記得的數(shù)學(xué)課內(nèi)容是三角形的內(nèi)角和是180度。2．Thefirstdayhewalkedintomyclass，hewasdragginghisschoolbagbehindhimandlookingbored，butassoonasIsetupanexperimenttoshowhowthehumanstomachworksusingacidandanonion，hegavemehisfullattention.[分析]本句是一個復(fù)合句；but連接兩個并列分句；第一個分句中名詞短語Thefirstday引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；第二個分句中assoonas引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；how引導(dǎo)賓語從句作show的賓語；usingacidandanonion是現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作狀語。[翻譯]他第一天走進(jìn)我的教室時，拖著書包，看起來很無聊。但當(dāng)我用酸和洋蔥做了一個實驗來演示人類胃的工作原理時，他全神貫注地聽我講課。教材高考1.Irememberthatheletmepoursomefuelintotherocket，andthenanotherstudentlitamatchtosetitoff.(2021·全國乙卷)PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.2.I'vereadacoupleofGraham'sbooksandseenhimonTV.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago，theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.3.I'mextremelygratefultohim.(2021·全國乙卷)Shewasgratefulforeverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thedetectiveissearchingthemanascarefully(careful)ashecan.2．Iwasn'tusedtocitylife，butnowIhavegotusedtoliving(live)inthiscity.3．Isitworthwhilegetting/toget(get)angryoversuchatriflingmatter?4．Themostimportantfilesofthesystemareallaccessible(access)fromhere.5．Tom，behaveyourself(you)!Didyouforgettheschoolrules?6．Judgingfromhisconduct，Iassumeheislackingineducation.7．TheBankhasapproachedtheissueinapractical(practice)way.8．Somepeopleattendregularly，othersonlyoccasionally(occasional)．9．Iwouldbegratefulifhecouldcastanexperteyeoveritandtellmewhathethoughtofit.10．Fooddonationshavepouredinfromalloverthecountry.Ⅱ.短語填空passaway；addupto；haveaccessto；forthefirsttime；pourinto；acoupleof；usedto；forlackof1．Yourlonganswerjustaddsuptoarefusal.2．Makesurethattheremotecomputerhasaccesstothefileshare.3．Thehousecametohimwhenhisparentspassedaway．4．Theprojectwashungupforlackofmoney.5．ForthefirsttimeLeonardfeltangryathermethods.6．Therewasafloodofwaterpouringintothebasement.7．Itonlylastedacoupleofyears，asfarasIknow.8．Iusedtoeditthecollegepaperintheolddays.Ⅲ.課文語法填空Grahamusedtobenotverygoodatmostschool1.subjects(subject)．Butwhenhewas15andwentintoMrJenkins'class，hereallybecameinterestedinscience2.forthefirsttime.BeforeMrJenkinstaughthim，sciencehad3.simply(simple)beenasubjectfullofstrangewordstoGraham.Hefounditallso4.boring(bore)anddifficult.ButMrJenkinsmadeeverythinginterestingwithlotsof5.practical(practice)examplesandinsimplelanguage.Grahamwasn'tawillingstudent，buthewasn'tslow6.tolearn(learn)newthings.Theproblemwasthathe7.lacked(lack)confidenceinhimself.MrJenkinsmadehimfeelthathehadhisownstrengths.MrJenkinsonceaskedhimtogivea8.presentation(present)ofthestarsandplanetstotheclass.Thatwasreally9.thefirsttimehetriedtoexplainsciencetoanaudienceandnowit'shisjob!AlthoughGrahamhasn'tseenMrJenkins10.sinceheleftschool，heoftenthinksaboutMrJenkins.過去完成時[觀察例句]1．What'smore，hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthat...2．AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica，hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.3．Atthattime，peoplebelievedthatallspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametime...4．Itseemedtheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.[歸納用法]過去完成時的動作須在過去某一時間之前發(fā)生，即發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。1．過去完成時的構(gòu)成過去完成時是由“had＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成的。SoonIrealizedIhadmadeaseriousmistake.我很快就意識到我犯了一個嚴(yán)重的錯誤。Themansittingbesidemeontheplanewasverynervous.Hehadnotflownbefore.飛機(jī)上坐在我旁邊的人很緊張，他以前從沒乘過飛機(jī)。2．過去完成時的用法(1)“已完成”用法表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間之前或過去某一動作之前已經(jīng)完成。句中常用by引導(dǎo)的時間狀語或以before，until，when，than等詞引導(dǎo)的內(nèi)含一般過去時的時間狀語從句。By5：00yesterdaymorningwehaddonethatwork.到昨天早上5點鐘時，我們已經(jīng)做完了那件工作。Hehadjustfinishedsweepingtheclassroomwhentheteacherreturnedfromtheoffice.老師從辦公室回來時，他剛把教室打掃完。[名師點津]在包含before和after的復(fù)合句中，因為從句動作和主句動作發(fā)生的先后順序已經(jīng)非常明確，可以用一般過去時代替過去完成時。Thetrain(had)startedbeforeIreachedthestation.在我到達(dá)車站之前，列車已經(jīng)開了。Afterhe(had)arrivedinEngland，MarxworkedhardtoimprovehisEnglish