外研版初二(下)英語(yǔ)第20講：unit-10-語(yǔ)法篇(教師版)

Unit10語(yǔ)法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.熟練掌握賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)1.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)與主句的時(shí)態(tài)如果主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要根據(jù)自身的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或情況選擇時(shí)態(tài)。如果主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句用相應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)；當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)作還沒有發(fā)生或?qū)⒁l(fā)生時(shí)，從句用過去將來時(shí)。Doyouknowhewillgiveusatalk?你知道他要什么時(shí)候給我們作報(bào)告嗎？Idon'tknowwhosebookthisis.我不知道這是誰(shuí)的書。Ididn'tknowwhocouldanswermyquestions.我不知道誰(shuí)能回答我的問題。Hesaidthathehadjustboughtsomeapples.他說他剛買了一些蘋果。Hesaidhewouldgothereagain.他說他還要去那兒。2.主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)的幾種特殊情況1)賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是客觀事實(shí)、科學(xué)真理、格言，或其他不受時(shí)間限制、影響，客觀存在的事物時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theteachertoldherstudentsthatpracticemakesperfect.老師告訴她的學(xué)生熟能生巧。2)賓語(yǔ)從句解釋、表達(dá)科技內(nèi)容，或表達(dá)一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或目前習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Mr.Greentoldusthattheattractionoftheearthforallthingsiscalledgravity.格林先生告訴我們地球?qū)λ形矬w的吸引力稱為地心引力。Hesaidhetakesawalkafterdinnereveryevening.他說每天晚上飯后他都散步。3)賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)仍在繼續(xù)，表示此刻仍存在的狀態(tài)時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在的某種狀態(tài)。Shetoldmetheotherdaythatsheisonlyeight.幾天前她告訴我她只有8歲。TomsaidthathisfatherisattendingameetinginLondon.湯姆說他父親正在倫敦開會(huì)。4)從句中有具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，仍用一般過去時(shí)，不改為過去完成時(shí)。Hesaidthathewasbornin1998.他說他出生于1998年。單項(xiàng)選擇1.（2015天津中考）Doyouknow?Foramonth.A.howlongwillshebeaway B.howlongshewillbeawayC.howoftenwillshegothere D.howoftenshewillgothere2.（2015上海中考）Timtoldusthathiscompanyrobotstodosomeofthework.A.uses B.willuse C.hasused D.woulduse 3.（2015湖北武漢中考）Whatdidyourteachersaytoyoujustnow?Heaskedme.A.howcouldIworkitout B.whendidIgotothelibraryC.whyIamlateforschool D.ifIhadgotreadyfortheexam4.（2015北京中考）CanyoutellmetoLondon?Sure.Nextmonth.A.whenyouwilltravel B.whenwillyoutravelC.whenyoutravelled D.whendidyoutravel5.（2014四川巴中中考）Ourteachersaidtheearthroundthesun.A.traveled B.travels C.travel6.（2015江蘇南京中考）You'dbettertravelaroundNanjingwithalocaltourguideyouwanttoknowmoreaboutitsculture.A.unless B.until C.although D.if7.Thefilmhasforfiveminutes.A.began B.begun C.beenon D.on解析及答案：1.句意：你知道她將離開多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間嗎？一個(gè)月。在賓語(yǔ)從句中，應(yīng)該使用陳述句語(yǔ)序。故選B。2.本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)主句中的told可知，賓語(yǔ)從句要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，故選D。3.本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài)可知。故選D。4.問句為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，Canyoutellme后為賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序，排除B、D；在根據(jù)答語(yǔ)nextmonth可知，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般將來時(shí)，故選A。5.由句意“我們老師說地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。”可知本句為賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。如果賓從表述的是客觀事實(shí)，無(wú)論主句使用什么時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句都使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選B。6.unless意為“除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；until意為“直到...為止”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；although意為“雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；if意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。由句意“你最好與一位當(dāng)?shù)氐膶?dǎo)游一起游覽南京”與“你想更多地了解它的文化”可知，后者應(yīng)是前者的條件。所以用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。故選D。7.表示“（電影、電視等）開始一段時(shí)間”，應(yīng)該用beon,而不能用begin，因?yàn)閎egin是瞬間動(dòng)詞。故選C。基礎(chǔ)演練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Jerrysaidthathe

already

readingthatbook.A.would;finishedB.will;finishC.had;finishedD.would;finish2.Soniasaidthatshe

toLily'spartyyesterday.A.wentB.isgoingC.wouldgoD.goes3.Mumsaidthatthelight

fasterthanthesound.A.goesB.isgoingC.wentD.wouldgo4.Lilysaidshe

anewpianothenextday.A.buysB.willbuyC.wouldbuyD.bought5.Jackaskedhow

.A.wewouldgotoBeijingB.wegotoBeijingC.didwegotoBeijingD.wouldwegotoBeijing6.Ihopeyoucangothereandseewhat

there.A.takeplaceB.tookplaceC.istakingplaceD.istakenplace7.Couldyoutellmeifit

tomorrow?A.rainsB.israiningC.willrainD.rain8.Thepolicemanaskedme

atthistimeyesterday.A.whatwasIdoingB.whatdidIdoC.whatIwasdoingD.whatIdid9.Listencarefully!Canyouhearwhattheprofessor

?A.talksaboutB.talkedaboutC.istalkingaboutD.willtalkabout10.Theoldmansaidthatlight

fasterthansound.A.wentB.willgoC.travelsD.willtravel答案：1-5CAACA 6-10CCCCC鞏固提高二、翻譯(根據(jù)中文提示完成句子,詞數(shù)不限)1約翰說他那天晚上要去看電影。Johnsaid

goingtowatchamoviethatevening.2.當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí),我發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人正躺在沙灘上。Ifoundthatmanypeople

onthebeachwhenIarrivedthere.3.老師告訴我們?cè)铝羾@地球轉(zhuǎn)。Theteachertoldusthatthemoon

theearth.4.請(qǐng)告訴我事故是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的好嗎？Couldyoutellme

?(happen)5.我不明白他們?yōu)楹螌?duì)這位美國(guó)歌星如此瘋狂。Ican'tunderstand

socrazyaboutthisAmericansingingstar.6.你對(duì)她說的話滿意嗎?Areyousatisfiedwith

?7.打擾了,你能告訴我動(dòng)物園在哪里嗎?Excuseme,couldyoutellme

?答案：1.hewas2.werelying3.goesaround4.whentheaccidenthappened5.whytheyare6.whatshesaid7.wherethezoois一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Theydidn'tthinkthere

amonkeyintheroom.A.beB.wasC.hasD.had2.BrainaskedmewhenI

forBrazil.A.amleavingB.willleaveC.leftD.wasleaving3.Howcleanthebedroomis!Yes,Iamsurethatsomeone

it.A.cleansB.cleanedC.hascleanedD.hadcleaned4.Assoonashecomesback,I'lltellhimwhen

andseehim.A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucome5.Itoldhimwe

ameetingthenextday.A.willhaveB.hadC.haveD.wouldhave6.ThemanaskedmeifI

himthewaytothebusstop.A.cantellB.couldtellC.willtellD.tell7.Idon'tthinkhe

herenextweek.A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.coming8.Doyouknow

now?Outsidetheschoolgate.A.whereKateiswaitingforhermotherB.whereisKatewaitingforhermotherC.whereKatewaswaitingforhermotherD.wherewasKatewaitingforhermother9.Doyouknow

tomorrow?At8o'clock.A.whendidshecomeB.whenshecameC.whenwillshecomeD.whenshewillcome10.Couldyoutellme

?BysearchingtheInternet.A.howyougottheinformationB.whyyougottheinformationC.howdidyougettheinformationD.whydidyougettheinformation答案：1-5BDCAD 6-10BCADA二、完形填空Manyyearsago,whenIwasastudent,theradiostudiomanageratWXBNinterviewedmeanditchangedmylife."Howoldareyou?"helookeddownat1

."Fifteen,"Isaid."Andyouwantajobinradio?Shouldn'tyoube2

?"heasked.HowcouldIexplain?I'vealways3

theradio.WhenIwasfourorfiveyearsold,Iremembersittingclosetotheradiointhelivingroom,listeningtomyfavouriteprogrammes,andthevoicesofmyfavouritepresenters.Itseemedthattheywerespeakingtomeinperson.4

theageofnine,Iaskedforjobsinsmallradiostations.AsIgrewolder,my5

inradiogrew.OnedayIlearnedaboutInternetradio.Onceaweek,Iplayedmyfavoutitemusicfrommyfather'scomputertothelisteners,talkedaboutlifeatschool,andthencloseddownanddidmyhomework.Soonmyfriendsatjuniorhighschoolstartedtolisten,andthentheywantedto6

.Wepreparedtheweeklyprogrammes,articlesaboutmusic,sportsnews,jokesandtheweatherreport."OK,7

withme,"theWXBNmanagersaid.Ifollowedhimintothestudio.ThenIsatdowninfrontofamicrophone.Hewasinanotherroom,behindtheglasswall."OK,let'sdoasecondcheck.Justtellme8

youhadforbreakfast."Allradiopresentersbeginworkwiththesame9

."Ihadeggs,fruitandsomemilk.""OK,that'sgreat,"themanbehindtheglasssaid.Andthiswashowmyfirstreal10

inradiobegan.1.A.meB.herC.youD.him2.A.onthenewsB.onbusinessC.atschoolD.atwork3.A.repairedB.lovedC.soldD.cleaned4.A.AtB.InC.WithD.For5.A.troubleB.habitC.collectionD.interest6.A.fightB.refuseC.helpD.laugh7.A.speakB.singC.readD.come8.A.whatB.howC.thatD.why9.A.stationB.advertisementC.questionD.time10.A.gameB.jobC.jokeD.report答案：1-5ACBAD 6-10CDACB__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________閱讀理解A（江蘇鹽城鹽都區(qū)西片2015年第三次月考）Mr.HarrisusedtoworkinDover,butthenhechangedhiswork,andheandhiswifemovedtoanothertown.Theydidnothavemanyfriendsthere,buttheysoonmetalotofinterestingpeople.Afterafewweeks,theyoftenwenttodinnerortopartiesatotherpeople’shouses.ThenMrs.Harrissaidtoherhusband,“We’vebeentoalotofotherpeople’shouses,andnowwemustinvitethemtoourhouse,mustn’twe?”2-1-c-n-j-y“Yes,certainly,”answeredherhusband,“Abigpartywillbetheeasiestthing,won’tit?Thenwecanstarttoinvitepeopletodinnerinsmallnumbersnextmonth.”【來源：21cnj*y.co*m】SoMrs.Harrissaid,“Yes,I’llinviteallourfriendsheretoabigpartyon5thDecember.”“Howmanywillthatbe?”Mr.Harrisasked.“Don’tinvitetoomany.”Mrs.Harriswasbeginningtowritetheinvitationswhenherhusbandsawthatshewaswriting,“Party:6:30to8:30p.m.”“Thatisn’tverynice,isit?”hesaid.“You’retellingourgueststhattheymustgoat8:30.”SoMrs.Harrisjustwrote“Party:6:30p.m.”Alotofguestscame,andtheyallhadagoodtime,sotheydidnotgohomeat8:30.Infacttheywerestillthereatmid-nightwhenthedoorbellrangandapolicemanarrived.Hesaid,“Youmuststopmakinganoise,becausesomeonehascomplained(抱怨).”Mr.Harrissaidhedidnotwanttoquarrelwiththepoliceman,soeveryonewenthome.Theyweresorrytohavetogo.WhenMr.andMrs.Harriswerealoneagain,shesaidtohim.“Thatwasasurprise,wasn’tit?Whocomplainedaboutthenoise?”“Idid,”MrHarrisansweredinatiredvoice.1.WhydidMr.Harrisandhiswifemovetoanothertown?A.Theywantedtomakesomenewfriends.B.Mr.Harrischangedhiswork.C.Theywantedtomeetalotofinterestingpeople.D.Theyenjoyedgoingtopartiesandvisitingotherpeople’shouses.2.WhatmadeMr.andMrs.Harrisholdapartyattheirhouse?A.Itwaseasytoholdabigpartyathome.B.Theycouldaskpeopletodinnerinsmallnumbers.C.Theyhadgonetootherpeople’spartiesmanytimes.D.Theylikedmakingfriendswithothers.3.HowlongwouldMrs.Harrislikethepartytolast?A.Fromthemorningtillnight. B.Aboutfourteenhours.C.Abouttwohours. D.Tillmidnight4.Whendidthepartyendthatevening?A.Atabout8:30. B.WhenthepolicemantalkedwithMr.Harrisonthephone.C.Atabouttwelveo’clock. D.Whensomeonetelephonedthepolicestation.5.WhydidMr.Harristelephonethepolicemanaboutthenoise?A.Becausesomeoneranghisdoorbellmanytimesatmid-night.B.Hedidnotwanthisfriendstostaylatethatnight.2·1·c·n·j·yC.Hisfriendshadagoodtimethatnightandalsofelttired.D.Becausehehatedthenoise.BTonight'sRadioProgramListings20:00WorldNewsProgramThelatestnewsfromaroundtheworld.20:30TeenDreamsListento15teenagersfromdifferentplacesinAsiatalkingabouttheirdreamsforthefuture.Whatismoreimportantforthem—money,oreducation,orlove?21:10PlayforTodayToday'splayisaboutayoungChineseboyfacedwiththechoicebetweenfollowinghishearttobecomeapopstarorfollowinghisparents,whoarebothdoctors.21:40Problem—WhatProblem?PhoneintoaskforAuntVera'sadviceifyouhaveaproblemwithyourparents,friends,orlove.Shewilltellyouwhatshethinks.Butwillyoufollowheradvice?22:30EnglishClubTonight'sthemeisChinesehistory.ImproveyourEnglishbylisteningtotonight'sstoriesandpoems,allaboutChinesehistory.22:50SportsNewsSportsnewsbringsyounews,storiesandresultsfromallovertheworld.Welookatfootball,tennisandbasketball.Ourworldwidereporterscollectstories,scoresandinterviews.23:00TalkTalkYukoTuckertalkstotonight'smoviestarsfromallovertheworldabouttheirexperiencesofmakingtheirlatestfilms.6.Ifyouwanttolearnaboutthelatestworldnews,youshouldturnontheradioat

.A.20:00B.21:10C.21:40D.23:007.IftheyoungChineseboyintoday'splayfollowshisparents,hewillprobablybecomea

.A.doctorB.reporterC.popstarD.moviestar8.Jackhasaproblemwithhisfather.Youcanadvisehimtocall

foradvice.A.TeenDreamsB.PlayforTodayC.Problem—WhatProblem?D.TalkTalk9.What'sthetopicoftonight'sEnglishClub?A.Listeningskills.B.Chinesehistory.C.Chinesestoriesandpoems.D.HowtoimproveyourEnglish.10.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Youcanhearabouttabletennisgamesbetween22:50and23:00.B.AuntVerahadalotofproblemswithherparentswhenshewasyoung.C.Ifyouwanttohearaboutmoviestars,you'llhavetostayupabitlate.D.Youcanlearnhow15Asianteenagers'dreamscametrueatTeenDreams.CHundredsofyearsago,newswascarriedfromplacetoplacebypeopleonfootorbyhorse.Ittookdays,weeksandsometimesmonthsforpeopletoreceivenews.Nowitispossibletosendwordsandpicturesaroundtheworldinseconds(秒).Billionsofpeoplelearnaboutnewsstoriesoftheirowncountryandallovertheworldeveryday,eitherbywatchingTVorreadingnewspapers.Newspapershavebeenanimportantpartofeverydaylifesincethe18thcentury.Manycountrieshavehundredsofdifferentnewspapers.Howdonewspapereditors(編輯)decidewhichnewsstoriestoprint(印刷)?Whydotheyprintsomestoriesandnotothers?Whatmakesagoodnewspaperstory?Firstly,itisimportanttoreportnewstories.TVstationscanreportnewsmuchfasterthannewspapers.Yet,newspapersgivemoreaboutthesamestory.Theymayalsolookatthestoryinanotherway,ortheymayprintcompletely(完全地)differentstoriestothoseonTV.Secondly,anewsstoryhastobeinterestingandunusual.Peopledon'twanttoreadstoriesabouteverydaylife.Asaresult,manystoriesareaboutsomekindofdangerandseemtobe"bad"news.Forexample,newspapersneverprintstoriesaboutplaneslandingsafely,insteadtheyprintstoriesaboutplaneaccidents.Anotherfactor(因素)isalsoveryimportantinmanynewsstories.Manypeopleareinterestedinnewsinforeigncountries,butmoreprefertoreadstoriesaboutpeople,placesandevents(事件)intheirowncountry.SothestoriesonthefrontpageinChinesenewspapersareusuallyverydifferentfromtheonesinBritish,FrenchandAmericannewspapers.11.According(根據(jù))thepassage,howdopeoplelearnaboutnewsstoriesintheworldnow?A.Theycarrynewsstoriesandtellothersfromplacetoplaceohfootorbyhorse.B.Theytelleachotherwhattheyhaveseenwiththeireyes.C.TheywatchTVorreadnewspapers.D.Theylistentotheradioeveryday.12.ThedifferencebetweennewspaperstoriesandTVnewsreportsisthat

.A.peoplecanlearnmoreaboutthesamenewsstoryfromanewspaperB.peoplecanreadthenewsstorymorequicklyinanewspaperC.peoplecanreadnewsstoriesinothercountriesD.peoplecanreadnews'storiesabouttheirowncountry13.Tomakeagoodnewspaperstory,howmanyfactorsdoesthepassagetalkabout?A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.D.Six.14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanyoumostpossiblywatchonTV?A.Youoftenplayfootballwithyourfriendsafterschool.B.Yourteacherhasgotacold.C.Atigerinthecityzoohasrunoutandhasn'tbeencaught.D.Thebikeinthefrontofyourhouseislost.15.WhichofthefollowingisNotTrueofthispassage?A.Newsstoriesonthefrontpageofeverycountryarealwaysthesame.B.Peopleliketoreadinterestingandunusualnews.C.NotonlyTVbutalsonewspaperscanhelppeopletolearnwhatishappeningaroundtheworld.D.Newspapershavebeenanimportantpartofeverydaylifeformorethanthreehundredyears.DWhichisbetter,RadioorTelevision?Aboutfiftyyearsago,whentelevisionfirstcameout,peoplethoughtthatradiowasnolongeruseful.Televisionhasbothsounds(聲音)andpictures.Itismuchmorerealandinterestingtowatchtelevision