人教版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)必修第3冊(cè)UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES練習(xí)含答案

UNIT2MORALSANDVIRTUESⅠ.閱讀理解AThroughoutmytwentiesItoldmyselfthatIwouldgiveupsmokingoneday.Thatseemedcomfortablyfarawaytopreventmepanickingtoomuch,butalsodefinitiveenoughtofoolmyselfintothinkingI’dgiveupbeforeitkilledme.Butthenmythirtiescameandwentandnothinghappened.Then,myauntdiedfromlungcancer.Ihadamomentoffear:unlessIdecidetostopsmoking,therewillbeahighprobabilitythatatsomepointinmylifeI’llhaveacoughorsomeothersymptom(癥狀)anditwillbecancerorasimilarawfuldisease.Still,Ididn’tact.ButIcouldn’thelpbeginningagood,hardthinkaboutmysmokingandwhatIwasgoingtodoaboutit.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreIquestionedwhatIreallylovedaboutit.Thencamethesuddenrealization:Iwasanaddict—Iwasmakingallthekindofexcusesthatthealcoholanddrugaddictsmade.Idecidedtoquit.Butafterafewdayswhenoutfordrinkswithfriends,Iyieldedtotemptation(誘惑)andhadone.ThenextdayIboughtapackofcigarettesandmyveryfirstquitattemptwaswellandtrulyafailure.ButIlearnedfromthisanddecidedthenextattemptwouldbebetterplanned.Iinvestigateddifferentoptionsonline,andmetwithasmokingcessation(戒煙)nurseatmylocalsurgerywhousedsometechniquestochangemythinkingaboutsmoking.

Withallthesupportaroundme,Ifeltsoconfidentaboutmyabilitytoquit.IactuallylookedforwardtothedateI’dsettostop.Thatwasnearly10yearsagoandIhaven’tlookedback.Ofcourse,intheearlydaysitwasn’talwaysplainsailing.ThereweretimeswhenIwasweakandtimeswhenInearlyslippedup.ButIwaspreparedforthisanddidn’tletitthrowmeoff.StoppingsmokingwasoneofthebestthingsI’veeverdone.1.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasignorantofcigarettes.B.Hecaredlittleabouthishealth.C.Helackedmotivationforworking.D.Hedidn’tmakeuphismindtoquitsmoking.2.Whatinspiredtheauthortomakethefirstquitattempt?A.Hisself-analysis.B.Worseninghealth.C.Symptomsoflungcancer.D.Lossofafamilymember.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“yieldedto”inparagraph4mean?A.Cameupwith.B.Gaveinto.C.Steppedoutof.D.Brokeawayfrom.4.Whichcanbestdescribethesecondattempt?A.Itwasfruitless.B.Itlastedfor10years.C.Itwasadeterminedattempt.D.Itwasabandonedhalfway.BPeoplewhogive,livelonger,studieshaveshown.Now,anewstudybyUniversityofMichiganresearchersshowsthatwhypeoplevolunteer—notwhethertheyvolunteer—iswhatreallycounts.Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.Overall,theyfoundthatjust2.3percentofthosewhoonceworkedasvolunteershaddied,comparedto4.3percentofnon-volunteers.Theyfurtherfoundthathowmuchpeoplevolunteeredmatteredaswell—only1.8percentofregularvolunteersdied,comparedwith2.5percentofoccasionalvolunteers.Butwhatreallymadeadifferencewerepeople’smotivesforvolunteering.Theresearchersaskedpeopletoratehowimportanttheyfoundvariousreasonsforvolunteering,andtheyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive.Thosewhoratedmotivesrelatedtopersonalbenefitasmoreimportantweremorelikelytohavedied,andjustaslikelytodieasthosewhodidn’tvolunteeratall.Thesereasonsincludedvolunteeringbecausetheyenjoyedthesocialcontact,toescapetheirownproblems,ortoexploretheirownstrengths.Konrathsaysthecurrentfindingssuggestitmaybeapoorideatoencouragepeopletovolunteerbecauseit’sgoodforthem.“Volunteeringisincreasinglybeingencouragedinschoolsandorganizations.Somegroupssaythatit’sokaytowantbenefitsforyourself,andencouragepeopletothinkofvolunteeringasanexchangeforpersonalinterests.Somegroupsemphasizethehealthbenefitsreceivedthroughvolunteering.”Konrathadded,“Ofcourse,it’sreasonableforvolunteerstoexpectbenefitsforthemselves.Butthepotentialhealthbenefitsofvolunteeringaresignificantlyreducedifself-benefitbecomesaperson’smainmotive.”5.Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyfind?A.Whetherwevolunteerdecidesourwell-being.B.Whywevolunteerhasanimpactonourhealth.C.Howwevolunteermakessensetoothers.D.Howoftenwevolunteermakesadifference.6.Howdidtheresearchersdotheresearch?A.Byanalyzingstatistics.B.Byreviewingpreviousstudies.C.Bydoinglabexperiments.D.Byobservingrandomsamples.7.Whichofthefollowingmotiveswillprobablybenefitthevolunteersmost?A.Makingmorefriends.B.Developingabilityinpractice.C.Solvingpersonalproblems.D.Helpingpeopleintrouble.8.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Practicalsuggestionsonfurtherstudies.B.Potentialapplicationsoftheresearchmethod.C.Afurtherexplanationofthecurrentfindings.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchfindings.Ⅱ.七選五Hilde’sfatherwasareporter.Heoftentookhertoworkwithhim,andshedevelopedastronginterestinnewsstoriesandreporting.1Shedidthewriting,hersisterIzzytookpictures,andherfatherhelpedherorganizeandprintthenewspaper.Hildewantedtocoverbigstoriesinhertown.Followingtherulesherfatherhadtaughther,sheresearchedandreportedstoriesinhermonthlynewspaper.

Thenewspapersuddenlybecamefamouswhenamurderhappenedinthetown,andHildewasthefirstpersontoreportit.Soon,newsorganizationsaroundthecountryweredoingstoriesonHilde.2Somepeoplecriticizedherparentsforallowinghertoreportonsomethingasunpleasantasamurder.

OtherscriticizedHildefor“pretendingtobeareporter”.Somepeopleevensuggestedsheshouldbeplayingwithdolls.3SherespondedwithaYouTubevideo.“IneverbeganmynewspapersothatpeoplewouldthinkIwascute,”shesaid.“Iwanttobetakenseriously.”

Thatwasn’tthelasttimeHildehadtroublegettingpeopletotakeherseriously.Sometimes,itwasbecauseofherage.Othertimes,itwasbecauseshewasagirl.4Hildecontinuedreportingandheractivitiesasareporterhavemadeherfamous.

NowHildehaspublishedabooktellingherownstoryandthechallengesshehasfaced.SomeofthosechallengescamefromHildeherself,strugglingtofigureoutwhoshewasasshegrewolder.5Butsheisstilljust15,andhasplentyoftimetodecidewhatshewantstodowithherlife.Hereffortshavealreadyinspiredpeoplearoundtheworld.

A.Butsheneverletthatstopher.B.Hildewasupsetbythecomplaints.C.Fornow,Hildesaysshehasgivenupreporting.D.Whenshewas8,Hildestartedherownnewspaper.E.Hergreatsuccessinreportinghaschangedherlife.F.NoteveryonewashappyaboutHilde’sefforts,though.G.Shewasclearlyinadilemmaabouthowtosolvethecrisis.Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空WalkingintothePalaceMuseum,visitorscanseeanarchitecturalcomplexwithmanycharacteristicsofChineseculture.But1.can’tbeseenisthescienceandtechnologybehindit.ThePalaceMuseumcombinestraditionalrestorationtechniqueswithmodernscienceandtechnology,thus2.(enhance)itscapacityforculturalexhibition,communication,tourismservicesandheritageprotection.

ThePalaceMuseum,3.(equip)withaculturalheritageprotectionandresearchteamwithChina’smostcompletevariety,hasdevelopedandintegrated14typesofspecialmonitoringdevices4.independentintellectualpropertyrights(IPR).The5.(history)riskdataisusedtostudyandcompile(編譯)safetyriskassessmentindexsystem,riskjudgmentandearlywarningsystems,andpreventivemeasures.WiththeintroductionofAI,bigdataandcloudcomputing,themuseumhasalsoestablishedauniquemonitoringandresponsesystemand6.emergencyplatformforimmovableculturalrelics.

Additionally,digitaltechnologies7.(apply)bythePalaceMuseumtoprotectculturalrelics.Ithasintroduced1.86millionpiecesofculturalrelicinformation,850,000pieces/setsofimages,1,500three-dimensionalmodelsandhigh-precisionpanoramicimages(全景圖)ofallopenareas,bringingculturalresourcestolifeandoffering8.(good)digitalservicesforinternetusers.ThePalaceMuseumis9.?(true)anamazingexampleofapplyingthe10.(combine)ofmodernandtraditionaltechnologiestotherestorationandpreservationofmoreoftheculturalrelics.

Ⅳ.應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作2023年是學(xué)習(xí)雷鋒精神六十周年。假定你是學(xué)生李華,下周有新西蘭學(xué)生訪(fǎng)問(wèn)你校,你將作為學(xué)生代表向他們介紹雷鋒精神。請(qǐng)為此寫(xiě)一篇發(fā)言稿,內(nèi)容包括:1.表示歡迎;2.介紹雷鋒精神;3.表達(dá)期待。注意:1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請(qǐng)?jiān)谙鄳?yīng)位置作答。參考詞匯:雷鋒精神LeiFengspiritDearfriends,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者戒煙的經(jīng)歷。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段和第二段中的“Ihadamomentoffear...Still,Ididn’tact.”可知,作者沒(méi)有真正下定決心去戒煙。故選D項(xiàng)。2.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ButIcouldn’thelpbeginningagood,hardthinkaboutmysmokingandwhatIwasgoingtodoaboutit.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreIquestionedwhatIreallylovedaboutit.Thencamethesuddenrealization:Iwasanaddict”可知,是自我分析使作者開(kāi)始了第一次戒煙的嘗試。故選A項(xiàng)。3.B詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)短語(yǔ)后的“ThenextdayIboughtapackofcigarettesandmyveryfirstquitattemptwaswellandtrulyafailure.”可知,第二天,作者買(mǎi)了一包煙,第一次戒煙的嘗試失敗了。由此可知,畫(huà)線(xiàn)短語(yǔ)所在句指的是作者決定戒煙,但幾天后和朋友出去喝酒,屈服于誘惑了,畫(huà)線(xiàn)短語(yǔ)意為“屈服于”,gaveinto與其同義。4.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Iinvestigateddifferentoptionsonline,andmetwithasmokingcessation(戒煙)nurseatmylocalsurgerywhousedsometechniquestochangemythinkingaboutsmoking.”和最后一段中的“Ofcourse,intheearlydaysitwasn’talwaysplainsailing.ThereweretimeswhenIwasweakandtimeswhenInearlyslippedup.ButIwaspreparedforthisanddidn’tletitthrowmeoff.”可知,在戒煙早期,并不總是一帆風(fēng)順的,但作者已經(jīng)做好了準(zhǔn)備,并沒(méi)有因此而放棄。由此可推斷,作者第二次戒煙的嘗試是堅(jiān)定的?！菊Z(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了密歇根大學(xué)研究人員的一項(xiàng)新研究表明,真正重要的是人們?yōu)槭裁醋鲋驹刚?而不是他們是否做志愿者。文章解釋了研究開(kāi)展的過(guò)程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)。5.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知,這項(xiàng)新研究主要發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們做志愿者的原因?qū)ξ覀兊慕】涤杏绊憽?.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.”可知,研究人員通過(guò)分析數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究。故選A項(xiàng)。7.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresearchersaskedpeopletoratehowimportanttheyfoundvariousreasonsforvolunteering,andtheyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive.”推知,“幫助有困難的人”這一動(dòng)機(jī)可能會(huì)使志愿者受益最大。8.C段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,最后一段主要講的是對(duì)當(dāng)前發(fā)現(xiàn)的進(jìn)一步解釋。故選C項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了8歲的女孩Hilde創(chuàng)辦自己的報(bào)紙遇到的種種非議,贊揚(yáng)了Hilde不怕挑戰(zhàn)、迎難而上的品質(zhì)。1.D上文“Heoftentookhertoworkwithhim,andshedevelopedastronginterestinnewsstoriesandreporting.”說(shuō)明了Hilde開(kāi)始對(duì)報(bào)紙行業(yè)產(chǎn)生興趣,結(jié)合下文“Shedidthewriting,hersisterIzzytookpictures,andherfatherhelpedherorganizeandprintthenewspaper.”可知,Hilde開(kāi)始自己制作報(bào)紙。D項(xiàng)“Whenshewas8,Hildestartedherownnewspaper.”銜接上下文恰當(dāng)。故選D項(xiàng)。2.F根據(jù)上文“Soon,newsorganizationsaroundthecountryweredoingstoriesonHilde.”可知,Hilde有了名聲,結(jié)合下文“Somepeoplecriticizedherparentsforallowinghertoreportonsomethingasunpleasantasamurder.”可知,并不是所有人都欣賞Hilde的報(bào)道行為。F項(xiàng)“NoteveryonewashappyaboutHilde’sefforts,though.”銜接上下文恰當(dāng)。故選F項(xiàng)。3.B上文“OtherscriticizedHildefor‘pretendingtobeareporter’.Somepeopleevensuggestedsheshouldbeplayingwithdolls.”描述了人們對(duì)Hilde各種各樣的批評(píng),空處應(yīng)該承接上文,指出Hilde對(duì)此做出的反應(yīng)。B項(xiàng)“Hildewasupsetbythecomplaints.”中“complaints”照應(yīng)上文提到的各種批評(píng),銜接恰當(dāng)。故選B項(xiàng)。4.A上文“Sometimes,itwasbecauseofherage.Othertimes,itwasbecauseshewasagirl.”說(shuō)明了人們批評(píng)Hilde的其他原因,結(jié)合下文“Hildecontinuedreportingandheractivitiesasareporterhavemadeherfamous.”可知,Hilde并沒(méi)有因?yàn)榕u(píng)而停止報(bào)道。A項(xiàng)“Butsheneverletthatstopher.”銜接恰當(dāng)。故選A項(xiàng)。5.C根據(jù)下文“Butsheisstilljust15,andhasplentyoftimetodecidewhatshewantstodowithherlife.”可知,前句與其構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折,C項(xiàng)“Fornow,Hildesa