人教版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修3UNIT2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE課件

UNIT2

HEALTHY

LIFESTYLE研考點核心突破目錄索引

強基礎(chǔ)語基自測12測效果課堂評價3研真題鏈接高考4強基礎(chǔ)語基自測默寫查驗一、核心單詞1.__________n.濫用;虐待;辱罵__________vt.濫用;虐待;辱罵

2.__________vt.&vi.支配;控制;占有優(yōu)勢

3.__________adj.消極的;有害的;否定的

4.__________n.自制力;紀律;學(xué)科__________vt.自我控制;管教;處罰

5.__________v.刪去;刪除

6.__________vi.,vt.&n.剃(須發(fā));刮臉

abusedominatenegativedisciplinedeleteshaveabusediscipline7.______vt.跳過;不參加;悄悄溜走_____vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;跳繩_____n.蹦跳

8.__________adj.頭暈?zāi)垦５?/p>

9.__________vt.激發(fā);促進;刺激

10.__________adj.充滿活力的;精力充沛的;動態(tài)的

11.__________n.喜劇;喜劇片;滑稽節(jié)目

12.__________vt.提高;增強;增進

skipdizzystimulatedynamiccomedyenhanceskipskip二、派生單詞1.__________n.酒;酒精→__________adj.(含)酒精的__________n.酗酒者

2.__________adj.身體的;客觀存在的;物理學(xué)的→__________adv.身體上;肉體上

3.___________________adv.重復(fù)地→______________________vt.重復(fù)→___________________adj.重復(fù)的→_______________________n.重復(fù)

4._____________n.心理學(xué);心理;心理影響→_____________adj.心理(學(xué))的→_____________n.心理學(xué)家alcoholalcoholicalcoholicphysicalphysicallyrepeatedlyrepeatrepeatedrepetitionpsychologypsychologicalpsychologist5.________n.回報;獎勵;報酬__________vt.獎勵;獎賞;給以報酬→______________adj.有益的;有意義的;報酬高的

6.______________vi.依賴;依靠;信賴→__________adj.可信賴的;可靠的

7.__________vt.(仔細)檢查;審查;測驗→______________n.考試(=exam);檢查;審查

8.__________adj.悲觀的;悲觀主義的→______________n.悲觀主義

9.____________________vt.&vi.組成;作曲;撰寫→____________________n.組成;作曲;作文→____________________n.作曲家

rewardrewardrewardingrelyreliableexamineexaminationpessimisticpessimismcomposecompositioncomposer10.__________vt.打擾;攪亂;使煩惱→__________adj.引起煩惱的;令人不安的

11.____________n.?？漆t(yī)生;專家→____________adj.特別的;專門的→_____________adv.特別地;專門→_____________vt.專門研究;專門從事

12.____________n.顧問;高級顧問醫(yī)師→_____________vt.&vi.請教;咨詢__________vt.查閱;參看

disturbdisturbingspecialistspecialspeciallyspecializeconsultantconsultconsult13.________________adj.含糖的;甜的→__________________n.糖

14.____________vt.使恢復(fù)精力;使涼爽;刷新→____________adj.令人振奮的→______________n.煥發(fā)精神;恢復(fù)活力

15.__________vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→__________adj.專心致志的;全神貫注的

sugarysugarrefreshrefreshingrefreshmentabsorbabsorbed三、重點短語1.______________________回答;答復(fù)

2.______________________依賴;依靠;信賴3.______________________立即;馬上4.______________________決定;選定5.______________________下定決心6.______________________由……組成(或構(gòu)成)的7.______________________剃掉;刮去

8.______________________焦慮不安;心力交瘁9.______________________筋疲力盡的;疲憊的10.______________________除……以外inresponsetorelyon/uponstraightawaydecideonmakeupone'smindbecomposedofshaveoffstressedoutwornoutasidefrom四、典型句式1.if條件狀語從句的省略教材原句:Thesebadhabits,if

left

unchecked,couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybecomeadults.2.either...or...教材原句:AfterIattendedyoursummercampabouthealthandlifestylechoices,I

realisedIhardlyeverfeltwell,eitherphysicallyormentally.3.get+過去分詞教材原句:Iget

refreshedthroughclimbing,spendmoretimewithmydad,andgettomeetnewfriends.語境應(yīng)用Ⅰ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thedrugincreasesthenumberofredcellsintheblood,__________(enhance)oxygenuptakeby10percent.

2.Whensheenteredthedarkroom,fear__________(dominate)herstraightaway.

3.HetoldussomefunnyjokesinEnglishwiththeaimof_________(stimulate)ourinterestinstudyingEnglish.

4.Thelittlegirl__________(skip)overthefenceandrushedtohermotherhappily.

enhancingdominatedstimulatingskipped5.Iregrettoinformyouthatyourname____________________(delete)fromthelist.

6.Ineverexpectedthathe____________________(abuse)thetrustIplacedinhim.

7.Thenursewassokindtohimthatshewashedand__________(shave)him.

8.Wealllike__________(comedy)thatmakeusrelaxed.hasbeendeletedwouldabuseshavedcomediesⅡ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Youwill__________________________withaChinesedictionaryforyour_______________suggestionsonhowtostrengthenmyconfidence.(reward)

2.Whatmademeannoyedwasthatthe__________noiseoutsidecompletely__________mymind.(disturb)

3.Heregardsmeasa___________________friend,and_______________onmetoofferhimsomegoodadvice.(rely)

4.Don'tconsumesomany____________________foodsbecausetoomuch____________________isharmfultoourhealth.(sugar)

5.Hisnew____________thathe__________lastweekattractedlotsofattention,whichwasbeyondourexpectations.(compose)

berewarded

rewarding

disturbingdisturbedreliablereliessugarysugarcompositioncomposed6.Thewelcomepartyis______________heldforthe________________who_______________insurgery.(specialist)

7.Imust__________theexperienced____________abouthowmuchexerciseIshouldattempt.(consultant)

8.Thosewhohaveagoodknowledgeof____________________arecalled____________,whocanhandle____________problemswithease.(psychology)

speciallyspecialistspecializesconsultconsultantpsychologypsychologistspsychological9.①Wehaveatendencytoget__________(refresh)throughworkout,leadingtostudyingeffectively.

②Itwasaveryhotdayandthewaterwasvery__________(refresh).

10.①Applicantsareselectedforjobsontheresultsofacompetitive________________(examine).

②Itisnecessary___________________(examine)howtheproposalscanbecarriedout.

refreshedrefreshingexaminationtoexamineⅢ.用左欄所給短語的正確形式填空1.SinceIhavelittleknowledgeofcomputers,Icanonly_______________youtogivemesomehelp.

2.Hearingthenewsthatherparentswouldreturnfromworksoon,thegirljumpedwithjoy___________________.

3.Aftercomparingthepricesandstylesofthoseshoes,thecustomerfinally__________________theblackshoes.

4.I____________________toshouldermyownresponsibilitytosupportthefamily.

5.Ourteam____________________threescientists,aguideandtwosoldierswhoprotectedoursafety.

relyon/uponstraightawaydecidedonmadeupmymindwascomposedofⅣ.微寫作1.如果給他們一個展示自己畫作的機會,他們一定會給我們一個大大的驚喜。____________________________________________________________,theyareboundtogiveusabigsurprise.

2.在中國,許多父母把大多數(shù)時間都用在工作或照顧孩子上。InChina,manyparentsspendmostoftheirtime___________________________________________________.

3.如果你碰巧在野外迷路了,最好待在原地等待救援。Ifyouhappento______________________________,you'dbetterstaywhereyouareandwaitforhelp.

getlostinthewildIfgivenanopportunitytodisplaytheirownpaintings

eitherworkingorcaringforkids研考點核心突破核心詞匯突破1.reward

n.回報;獎勵;報酬

vt.獎勵;獎賞;給以報酬→rewarding

adj.有益的;有意義的[練會]單句語法填空①Withgratefultearshanginginhiseyes,heinsistedonrewardingus_______alotofmoneyforhelpinghim.(讀后續(xù)寫之情感描寫)

②Throughtheawardceremony,weareawarethatweshouldstudyharderasareward__________thepatientinstructionsofourparentsandteachers.(應(yīng)用文之發(fā)言稿)

with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

withfor[寫美]微寫作·背誦③我非常高興向你介紹這個既有意義又重要的成人禮(coming-of-ageceremony)。(應(yīng)用文之活動介紹)Iammorethandelightedto___________________________________________________________________________________.introducetherewardingandimportantcoming-of-ageceremonytoyou歸納(1)give/offer

a

reward

to

sb

for

(doing)

sth

為(做)某事而給某人報酬as

a

reward

for作為(對某事的)報酬/獎賞(2)reward

sb

with

sth

for

(doing)

sth

為(做)某事用……獎賞/酬謝某人佳句About

2

hours

later,we

all

reached

the

top.Though

out

of

breath,we

were

rewarded

with

beautiful

scenery.大約兩小時后,我們都到了山頂。盡管(累得)上氣不接下氣,但是我們看到了美麗的風(fēng)景。2.rely

vi.依賴;依靠;信賴[練會]單句語法填空①Ashelacksrelevantexperience,youcan'trelyonhim_______________(perform)thetask.

②Youcanrelyon__________thatmyintroductionandeffortscandeepenvisitors'understandingoftraditionalChineseculture.(應(yīng)用文之自薦信)

toperformit[寫美]一句多譯·背誦③我最尊敬我的叔叔,因為每當(dāng)我處于困境中時,我都可以指望他給我一些實用的建議?！鶬respectmyunclemostbecauseIcan___________________________________________________wheneverIamintrouble.(relyon/uponsbtodosth)

→IrespectmyunclemostbecauseIcan______________________________________________________wheneverIamintrouble.(relyon/uponitthat...)relyon/uponhimtooffermesomerelyon/uponitthathecanoffermepracticalsuggestionssomepracticalsuggestions歸納(1)rely

on

sb/sth

for

sth

依靠某人/某物得到某物rely

on

sb/sth

to

do

sth

指望/相信……會做某事rely

on

(doing)...依賴/信任/指望……rely

on

it

that...相信……;指望……(2)depend

on/count

on依靠;依賴(3)reliable

adj.可信賴的;可靠的佳句Bernard

made

up

his

mind

to

follow

their

examples

and

become

a

person

whom

others

can

rely

on

for

help.伯納德決心以他們?yōu)榘駱?成為一個別人可以依靠的人。3.make

up

one's

mind下定決心[練會]單句語法填空①Suddenlyaterriblethoughtcame__________mymind.

②Afteraheateddiscussion,wemadeupourminds________________(record)ourexperiencesatschool.

③Withsomuchnoisearound,theboycouldnotfixhismind__________whathewasdoingatall.

④EverytimethememoryoftheHalloweenflashed__________mymind,Ilaughedmyselftodeath.引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句

intotorecordon/uponthrough[寫美]詞匯升級·背誦⑤Firstofall,rememberthatyouhadbetterarrivepunctuallyorsometimeearlierthantheappointedtime.→Firstofall,_______________________________thatyouhadbetterarrivepunctuallyorsometimeearlierthantheappointedtime.bear/keepinmind歸納make

up

one's

mind

to

do

sth

下定決心做某事bear/keep...in

mind(bear/keep

in

mind

that...)將……記在心中cross/flash

through

one's

mind(念頭等)出現(xiàn)在腦中,突然想起come

into

one's

mind進入某人的腦海fix

one's

mind

on/upon...全神貫注于佳句I

made

up

my

mind

to

shoulder

my

own

responsibility

to

educate

the

children.我決心肩負起教育孩子的責(zé)任。4.compose

vt.&

vi.組成;作曲;撰寫;使鎮(zhèn)靜→composer

n.作曲家→composition

n.組成;構(gòu)成;創(chuàng)作;作品[練會]單句語法填空①The__________(compose)ofthegroupthatisstudieddependsontheinterestsoftheresearcher.

②Thismanwithabearddeserveshisfameasoneofthemostpopular__________(composer)inWesternmusicalhistory.

③Ourclub_________________________________(compose)principallyofstudents,withacombinationofyoungclerks.compositioncomposerswascomposed[寫美]微寫作·背誦④看到她同桌在犯同樣的錯誤,埃瑪皺起了眉頭,努力使自己鎮(zhèn)定下來。(讀后續(xù)寫之神態(tài)描寫)Seeingherdeskmatemakingthesamemistake,Emma

frowned,makinganeffortto_____________________.

composeherself歸納be

composed

of/be

made

up

of/be

comprised

of/consist

of由……組成compose

oneself鎮(zhèn)靜下來;安下心來佳句I

strongly

suggest

that

our

English

film

appreciation

course

(should)

be

composed

of

enjoying

the

film,talking

about

wonderful

movie

lines

and

dubbing.(應(yīng)用文之建議信)我強烈建議我們的英語電影欣賞課程由欣賞電影、討論精彩臺詞和給電影配音組成。5.stressed

out

疲憊不堪;焦慮不安[練會]單句語法填空①Whenwearewornoutorstressed__________,homeisalwaysashelterforustohavearest.

②EverytimeIam__________stress,Iwillturntomyparentsforhelpwithouthesitation.

outunder[寫美]微寫作·背誦③面對即將到來的緊張的高中生活,你不僅焦慮不安而且你也處在巨大壓力之下。在我個人看來,再怎么強調(diào)良好心態(tài)的重要性也不為過。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)Facedwith__________________________________________,notonlyareyou______________butyoualsoare_____________________.Personally,I_______________________________________________________________toomuch.theapproachingstressfulseniorhighschoollifestress/laystressontheimportance/significanceofagoodstateofmindstressed(out)undergreatstress歸納(1)stress

n.壓力

vt.強調(diào)under

stress在壓力之下lay/place/put

stress

on/upon...強調(diào)……(2)stressed

adj.焦慮不安的stressful

adj.壓力重的;緊張的佳句When

feeling

stressed,you'd

better

have

a

talk

with

someone

you

trust.當(dāng)感到有壓力時,你最好和你信任的人談?wù)劇?.absorb

vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→absorbed

adj.全神貫注的[練會]單句語法填空①__________(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.

②Theboysatbesidethewindow,absorbing__________(he)inanovel.Absorbedhimself[寫美]一句多譯·背誦③我全神貫注于那個項目,經(jīng)常忘了吃飯或睡覺。→I_____________________________________thatproject,andIfrequentlyforgotabouteatingorsleeping.

→___________________________________,Ifrequentlyforgotabouteatingorsleeping.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)

→______________________________,Ifrequentlyforgotabouteatingorsleeping.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)Absorbingmyselfinthatprojectabsorbedmyselfin/wasabsorbedinAbsorbedinthatproject歸納(1)absorb

one's

attention

吸引某人的注意力o...把……吸收進……absorb

oneself

in...專心于;全神貫注于(2)

(be)

absorbed

in...全神貫注于……佳句Only

if

you

are

absorbed

in

your

work

can

you

make

great

achievements.只有專心工作,你才能做出大的成就?！镅a遺缺

微點練全Ⅰ.一詞多義1.abuseA.vt.

虐待

B.vt.

濫用

C.n.濫用①Heabusedalcoholandtobacco,sohewasphysicallyunhealthy.____________________②Maryhasadifficultlifeandisoftenabusedbyherstepmother.____________________③Toourshock,peopleofhighranksufferedalotfromdrugabuse.____________________BAC2.skipA.vt.不參加;不做

B.vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走

C.vi.&

vt.

略過;跳過①Iskippedoverthelastpartofthebook.____________________②Shewatchedherlittlegranddaughterskipdownthepath.____________________③Ifyoureallyhatetoskipaday,youcanplaneasyexercisesonotherdays.____________________CBAⅡ.教材熟詞生義1.stage項目意義例句熟義n.______________________(2023浙江1月卷)There'sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhatit'stalkingabout.n.______________________Hamletisonstageformostoftheact.生義vt._____________________Thelocaldramagroupisstagingaproductionofthemusical“SoundofMusic”.vt._____________________BeijingstagedtheOlympicGamesin2008.階段;發(fā)展時期

舞臺

上演,演出

舉辦,組織

2.Fall項目意義例句熟義vi.____________________________Theobjectappearedtohavefallenfromagreatheight.vi.____________________________Thetemperaturecouldfallbelowzeroovernight.vi._____________________________Theaudiencewasstilllaughingasthecurtainfell.生義vi._____________________________MybirthdaywillfallonaFridaythisyear.vi._____________________________Thematerialfallsintothreecategories.vi._____________________________Hisspiritsfellwhenhesawthedistancehestillhadtogo.(突然)跌倒,摔落

(規(guī)模、數(shù)量或力量)減少,降低

落下;降落;落幕;(戲劇或演出)結(jié)束

落,降臨;發(fā)生

屬于(某一群體、學(xué)科或領(lǐng)域)臉色變陰沉,情緒變低落

重點句型透視either...or...或者……或者……;不是……就是……[教材原句]AfterIattendedyoursummercampabouthealthandlifestylechoices,I

realisedIhardlyeverfeltwell,eitherphysicallyormentally.在我參加了你的關(guān)于健康和生活方式選擇的夏令營之后,我意識到我?guī)缀鯊奈锤杏X健康,無論是身體上還是精神上。[練會]單句語法填空①Eitherheorthestudents__________(be)toperformtheexperimentthatisduetomorrow.

②AlthoughMarylovedflowers,__________shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.

③Lastyear,neithertheexpertsnorthephysician__________(be)enthusiasticaboutthecurefortheseveredisease.

areneitherwas[寫美]微寫作·背誦④我的父母和我都講一口流利的英語,這使我們能與外國客人順利交流。______________________________________________________,makinguscommunicatewithforeignguestssmoothly.

NotonlymyparentsbutIspeakEnglishfluently歸納(1)either...or...可連接并列成分。連接并列主語時,謂語的數(shù)與靠近它的主語一致。(2)遵循“就近原則”的其他并列連詞:neither...nor...既不……也不……not...but...不是……而是……not

only...but

(also)...不但……而且……佳句You

can

have

a

taste

of

these

traditional

crafts

by

either

seeing

how

to

make

them

or

trying

them

by

yourself.(應(yīng)用文之發(fā)言稿)你可以通過觀看如何制作這些傳統(tǒng)手工藝或親自嘗試來體驗這些傳統(tǒng)手工藝。測效果課堂評價Ⅰ.單句語法填空——分層級強化高頻考點A組

基礎(chǔ)必練1.Wheneversometroublesomeproblemsemerged,Iwouldrely____________himtogivemeahand.

2.Iwouldliketoinviteyoutotheexhibitioninreward_______________yourtimelyandgeneroushelpduringmystayinBeijing.

3.Imadeupmymind_____________________(decline)toacceptthepreciousvasethathepurchasedforme.

on/uponfortodecline4.Thesalesrepresentativewasfondofthebookanddecided_________buyingitstraightaway.

5.Themusicalfestivalwasworthyofbeingseenanditwascomposed_______manyappealingprograms.on/upon

ofB組

高考鏈接6.(2022全國乙卷)SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreof__________(sugar)drinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.

7.(2020新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething____________(disturb)happeningaroundhishome.

8.(2020江蘇卷)Mostobviously,themendisplayedlowerbloodsugarlevelsatthestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhad__________(skip)breakfastthanwhentheyhadeaten.

sugarydisturbing

skipped9.(2020江蘇卷)Weare_________________(repeat)willingtoimaginewehavefoundmostofwhatislefttodiscover.

10.(浙江卷)JohnLennonandPaulMcCartneywerenamed__________(compose)oftheyear.composersrepeatedlyⅡ.語篇填空——語境中應(yīng)用單元要點

Balancingone'sworkandpersonallifecanberatherdifficult.Manypeoplegetinto1.__________cycleofcominghomefromworkandwatchingTVorsurfingtheInternet.Althoughthismayseem2.__________(refresh),itisnotappropriateinthelongtermforpersonalgrowth.Therefore,3.__________thesakeofahealthypersonallife,itisessentialtobe4.____________(discipline)andnotjustrely

5.__________suchpassiveactivities.Showsomepassionandchallengeyourself6.___________(do)somethingdifferenteverynight,ifonlyforonehouratleast.Setyourselfgoals,findahobbythat7._________(stimulate)yourmind,orjustgetroundto8._________(do)allthoselittlethingsyou'vebeenmeaningtodo.Onceyouresistallowingwork9._____________(dominate)yourlife,youwillberewarded

10.__________agreatsenseofachievement.withtherefreshingfordisciplinedontodostimulatesdoingtodominateⅢ.話題微寫作——場景中提升寫作技能(黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達)續(xù)寫微情景第一步

單句寫作1.在令人不安的高考前,我是如此悲觀和焦慮不安,以至于我經(jīng)常感到頭暈。(disturbing,pessimistic,stressed

out,dizzy)Beforethe__________CollegeEntranceExamination,I__________________________________thatIoften_______________.

2.既疲憊又沮喪,我不能全神貫注于學(xué)習(xí)。(wornout,absorbed)_________________________,Icouldn't__________________________.3.什么也不能振奮我的精神。(refresh)Nothingcould____________________.

feltdizzydisturbingandstressed

outwassopessimisticbeabsorbedinmystudyWorn

outandfrustratedrefreshmyspirits4.無窮無盡的痛苦和不安控制了我的生活,我的心像被針扎一樣。(dominate)Limitlesspainanduneasiness______________________andmyheartfeltasifithadbeenstabbedbyaneedle.

5.意識到我糟糕的狀況,我的老師們竭盡全力激發(fā)我的學(xué)習(xí)熱情,增強我的自信心。(stimulate,enhance)Sensingmyterriblestate,myteachersdidwhatevertheycould_______________________________________________________________.

6.最終,我獲得了巨大進步的回報,我的眼里滿是喜悅和感激。(reward)FinallyI______________________________,andmyeyeswerefilledwithjoyandappreciation.dominatedmylifemylearningenthusiasmandenhancemyself-confidencetostimulate

wasrewardedwithgreatprogress第二步

句式升級7.用so...that改寫的倒裝句改寫句1________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________BeforethedisturbingCollegeEntranceExamination,sopessimisticandstressedoutwasIthatIoftenfeltdizzy.第三步

連句成篇(注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)你暯釉~)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________BeforethedisturbingCollegeEntranceExamination,so

pessimisticandstressed

outwasIthatIoftenfeltdizzy.Worn

outandfrustrated,Icouldn’tbeabsorbedinmystudy.Nothingcouldrefreshmyspirits.Limitlesspainanduneasinessdominatedmylifeandmyheartfeltasifithadbeenstabbedbyaneedle.Sensingmyterriblestate,myteachersdidwhatevertheycouldtostimulatemylearningenthusiasmandenhancemyself-confidence.FinallyIwasrewardedwithgreatprogress,andmyeyeswerefilledwithjoyandappreciation.研真題鏈接高考(2022新高考全國Ⅰ卷,閱讀D)——一個關(guān)于唇齒音演化的成果Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and“v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDami

nBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(對齊),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(結(jié)構(gòu)),makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.“Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,”saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.一、理清脈絡(luò)

二、真題再做32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDami

nBlasi'sresearchfocuson?A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Itsdevelopment.D

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Now

a

team

of

researchers

led

by

Damin

Blasi

at

the

University

of

Zurich,Switzerland,has

found

how

and

why

this

trend

arose.”可知,Damin

Blasi的研究關(guān)注的是人類語言的發(fā)展。故選D項。33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知,古代成年人的上下門牙排列整齊,很難產(chǎn)生唇齒音,唇齒音是通過下唇接觸上牙形成的。后來,我們的下巴變成了覆頜結(jié)構(gòu),更容易發(fā)出這樣的聲音。由此可知,古代成年人難以發(fā)出唇齒音的原因是覆頜結(jié)構(gòu)不好。故選C項。34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.A段落大意題。第五段提到,一個語言數(shù)據(jù)庫的分析也證實,新石器時代之后,世界語言的發(fā)音發(fā)生了全球性的變化,在過去的幾千年里,“

f

”和“

v

”的使用顯著增加。這些音在今天許多狩獵采集者的語言中仍然找不到。由此可知,第五段是為上文提到的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)進一步提供證據(jù)。故選A項。35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Steven

Moran說的話可知,自人類出現(xiàn)以來,我們所使用的語音并不一定一直保持穩(wěn)定,而是我們今天發(fā)現(xiàn)的各種語音是生物變化和文化進化等復(fù)雜因素相互作用的產(chǎn)物。由此可知,語言是一個復(fù)雜的動態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C項。C三、語言能力1.掌握構(gòu)詞知識

詞根派生