湖北省高三英語適應(yīng)性測試試題（一）（含解析）

（新高考）湖北省2021屆高三英語適應(yīng)性測試試題（一）（含解析）考生注意:1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效,在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍:高考范圍。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分,滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WheredoesAndyefrom?A.TheUK.B.France.C.TheUS.2.Whywillthewomangotohersister'shouse?A.Todrivehersistertohospital.BTotakecareofhersister'skid.C.Totakehersisteroutforawalk.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thewoman'sfamily.B.Thewoman'shouse.C.Thewoman'smarriage.4.Whenwilltheputerclubendthisafternoon?A.At3:45.B.At4:15.C.At4:30.5.HowdoesChristineprobablyfeelabouthernewhaircut?A.Dissatisfied.B.Pleased.C.Unconcerned.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分,滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomandoyesterday?A.Shehadapicnic.B.Sheboughtabasket,C.Shemadeacoffeepot.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Designerandmanager.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.WhydidthewomanandherfriendsgotoLA?A.TomeetafamousstarB.Toworkinarestaurant.C.Tospendtheirvacation.9,WhatdidthewomanaskBradleyCooperfor?A.Abook,B.Asignature.C.Apieceofpaper.10.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent.BAnEnglishteacher.C.Ashopassistant,聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.WhatisPriceless?A.Aquizshow.BAtalkshow.C.Aedy.12.WhyisthewomanunwillingtowatchByTomorrow?A.Itisboring.BItistoolong.C.Itstartslate.13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?AInacinema.BAthome.C.Intheplayground.聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.Whospentaholidayinthecitylastyear?A.Ivan,BErica.C.Jim.15.HowdidAnnandherfamilygotoItaly?A.Byboat.B.Bytrain.C.Bycar.16.Whatdothespeakersagreetodo?A.Gotoafarm.B.Liveinacastle.C.Climbmountains.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatcanbeknownaboutthewebsite?A.Thespeakeralonestartedit.BItisarelativelynewwebsite.CNoyoungpeoplewriteforit.18.Whatisthespeakerlookingfor?A.Travelingreporters.B.Websitedesigners,C.Professionaleditors.19.Whatisabenefitofgettingthejob?AEarningalotofmoney,BGettingsomebooksforfree.C.Makingpersonalizedmovies.20.Whatareapplicantsrequiredtodobeforetheystart?A.Writeafilmreview.BBuyanewputer.C.Receive2:daytraining.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALaterthismonth,TateBritainwillhostitsfirstVanGoghexhibitionsince1947.Herewe'veroundedup4ofhisbestpaintingsbeforetheshow.PotatoEatersPotatoEaterswasVanGogh'sfirstmajorworkand,despiteadistinctlackofcolour,itwasonethathewasmostproudof.Hisaimwastorepresentthedifficultiesofcountrylife,sothefarmersarepaintedinearthytoneswithroughfacesandbonyhands.Hewasmoreconcernedwithconveyinghismessagethanachievingtechnicalperfectioninthispainting.IrisesVanGoghfinishedalmost142piecesduringhisstayintheSaintRemydeProvenceasylum(精神病院),wherehewasavoluntarypatientfrom1889to1890.Thispiecewasstartedshortlyafterhearrivedthere.Thehospitalgardenprovidedmuchinspirationfortheartistduringhisstaythere.Originally,theflowersinthisworkwerepaintedpurplebuttheredpigment(色素)fadedovertimeandhasnowturnedblue.CafeTerraceatNightDespitebeingpaintedmorethan130yearsago,thiscafestillexistsinFranceandhassincebeenrenamedtheCafeVanGogh.ThisartworkmarksthefirsttimeVanGogh'sfamouspostimpressionisticstarfilledskywasseeninapiece,anditwaspaintedontheground,inperson,ratherthanfrommemory.Whiletheartworkdoesn'tbearhissignature,it'swidelyknowntobeVanGogh's,ashementionedCafeTerraceatNightinanumberofhisletters.WheatFieldWithCypressesThispiecewasinspiredbytheviewfromVanGogh'sasylumwindowandwasfinishedonthespot.Theworkwasthetitleofthreepaintingsthatofferaninsightintohisstayatthehospital.'VanGoghwas80pleasedwiththesummerlandscapethathemadethreecopiesthere,oneofthesamesize—whichhangsintheNationalGalleryandtwosmallercopieswhichheplannedtogifttohismotherandsister.1.WhichpaintingdidVincentvanGoghtakemostpridein?A.Irises. B.PotatoEaters.C.CafeTerraceatNight. D.WheatFieldWithCypresses.2.WhatistheoriginalcoloroftheflowersinIrises?A.Purple. B.Blue. C.Red. D.Yellow.3.Whatdothelasttwopaintingshaveinmon?A.Theywerethesameinsize. B.Theyhadmorethanonecopy.C.Theyweresignedbytheartist, D.Theywerepaintedontheground.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了梵高的四幅代表作。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由PotatoEaters一節(jié)中的“PotatoEaterswasVanGogh'sfirstmajorworkand,despiteadistinctlackofcolour,itwasonethathewasmostproudof.”（《吃土豆的人》是梵高的第一部主要作品，盡管明顯缺乏色彩，但這是他最引以為豪的作品。），可知PotatoEaters是梵高自己感到最得意的作品。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Irises一節(jié)中的“Originally,theflowersinthisworkwerepaintedpurplebuttheredpigment(色素)fadedovertimeandhasnowturnedblue.”（最初，這幅作品中的花朵被涂成紫色，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，紅色素褪色，現(xiàn)在變成藍(lán)色。），可知Irises中的花原來是紫色的，后來因?yàn)槭チ思t色素，而變成了色。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由CafeTerraceatNight一節(jié)中的“ThisartworkmarksthefirsttimeVanGogh'sfamouspostimpressionisticstarfilledskywasseeninapiece,anditwaspaintedontheground,inperson,ratherthanfrommemory.”（這幅作品標(biāo)志著梵高著名的后印象派星空第一次出現(xiàn)在一幅作品中，梵高親自當(dāng)場繪制了它，而不是從記憶中繪制的。）和WheatFieldWithCypresses一節(jié)中的“ThispiecewasinspiredbytheviewfromVanGogh'sasylumwindowandwasfinishedonthespot.”（這件作品的靈感來自梵高住的精神病院窗戶的景色，并當(dāng)場完成。），可知CafeTerraceatNight和WheatFieldWithCypresses這兩幅畫都是現(xiàn)場寫生的，ontheground/onthespot（當(dāng)場）。故選D項(xiàng)。BAfightlastmonthbetweenCampinasandSaoJosedoRioPretoinsouthernBrazilbecamethesceneofaspontaneous(自發(fā)的)actofkindnessthatspreadonsocialmedianetworks.AccordingtothewebsiteAeroin.net,apassengernamedSirlandiaDiasPereirawastravelingwithhersonCaleb,whosufferedfromheartfailureandbadaheartmurmur(雜音).Duringtheflight,shetoldthepassengernexttoher,AlexPontes,thatshewastravelingsohersoncouldbehospitalized.Shealsoexplainedthatshewasrelyingonthecharityofothersforlivingquarters.Thepassengertalkedtothecrewoftheairlineandaskedtousetheairplane'sloudspeaker,invitingtheothertravelerstocontributetoaspontaneouscollectiontohelpthemotherandherson.“Allofuswouldliketofindanangeltohelpus.Thoseofuswhofeelmovedtodos0,let'shelpthismothertotakealittlesomethingwithher.alittlesomethingwehaveandcanshare,"hesaid.Inamatterofminutes,passengersofferedatotalworthnear$400whichgoesalotfurtherinBrazilthanintheUSA),plusapplauseforthemother,whowasthrilledwiththehelpandrepeatedlyexpressedhergratitudetothepassengers.Thesitethatfirstsharedthestorylaterupdatedthearticle,addingthatCalebwentthroughsurgeryandWasrecoveringwell.ThewebsiteRazoesParaAcreditarreportedthatthestorycaughttheattentionofBrazilinTVpersonalityLucianoHuck,whostartedacrowdfundingcampaigntohelpthefamily.Thisstoryjustgoestoshowthatakindactcangoalongwaytowardsmakinganimportantdifferenceinsomeone'slife.Therearepeopleinneedallaroundus,Let'snotletthesechancestohelpotherspassusby!4.Whywasthemothertraveling?A.Togethersicksontreated, B.TolookforlivingquartersC.Toexperiencetakingaplane, D.Topickuphersonfromhospital.5.WhatdidAlexPontesdoforthemotherontheplane?A.Hegaveher$400byhimself, B.Hecalledfordonationforher,C.Heexchangedhisseatwithher, D.Hehelpedherattendtoherson,6.WhydidLaucianoHuckdecidetohelpthemotherandherson?A.Hewasoneofthewitnessesontheplane. B.Hewantedtomakehimselfwellknown.C.Hewasinspiredbythespontaneousact. D.HeWasaskedtoofferassistancebythem.7.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tospeakhighlyofakindpassenger. B.Toaskustomunicatewithothers.C.Toshowtheimportanceoffirstaid. D.Toencourageustohelpthoseinneed.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。一位母親帶著生病的兒子坐飛機(jī)去醫(yī)院治療，鄰座的人得知她的情況后，在飛機(jī)上組織了自發(fā)捐錢活動以幫助那位母親。這次自發(fā)的善行在網(wǎng)上分享，也鼓舞更多人受感動而獻(xiàn)出愛心?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Duringtheflight,shetoldthepassengernexttoher,AlexPontes,thatshewastravelingsohersoncouldbehospitalized.”（在飛行途中，她告訴身旁的乘客AlexPontes，她此次飛機(jī)之旅是為了讓兒子住院。）可知，那位母親乘坐飛機(jī)是為了帶著生病的兒子去醫(yī)院接受治療。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thepassengertalkedtothecrewoftheairlineandaskedtousetheairplane'sloudspeaker.invitingtheothertravelerstocontributetoaspontaneouscollectiontohelpthemotherandherson.”（這名乘客與該航空公司的機(jī)組人員交談，要求使用飛機(jī)上的擴(kuò)音器，并號召其他乘客自發(fā)捐款，幫助這對母子。）可知，AlexPontes發(fā)起了捐贈活動以幫助那位母親，Thepassenger即指AlexPontes。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“ThewebsiteRazoesParaAcreditarreportedthatthestorycaughttheattentionofBrazilianTVpersonalityLucianoHuck,whostartedacrowdfundingcampaigntohelpthefamily.”（據(jù)RazoesParaAcreditar網(wǎng)站報(bào)道，這個故事引起了巴西電視名人LucianoHuck的注意，他發(fā)起了一場眾籌活動來幫助這個家庭。）可知，LucianoHuck決定幫助那位母親和她的兒子是因?yàn)槭艿搅孙w機(jī)上的自發(fā)的捐助故事的鼓舞。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文、尤其是最后一段中“Therearepeopleinneedallaroundus,Let'snotletthesechancestohelpotherspassusby!（我們周圍都有需要幫助的人，我們不要讓這些幫助別人的機(jī)會從身邊溜走!）”可推斷，作者的寫作目的是鼓勵我們幫助需要幫助的人。故選D項(xiàng)。CMostpeoplethinkthatwomenarenaturallykind,crytoomuchandthinkwiththeirhearts,insteadofusingtheirheadslikemen.Meanwhile,menarethoughttobeborntoberationalcreatureswhonaturallyknowhowtoleadanddomath.However,statisticsonpersonalitytypesreportthat75.5%ofwomenareFeelersand56.5%ofmenareThinkers.So,rightnowweseethatahugenumberofmenabout43%haveFeelingpreferences.Accordingtothesenumbers,only25%ofwomenareThinkers.AmajorityofwomentestedareFeelers,butareamajorityofwomenbornasFeelers?Inmanyregards,womenarestillexpectedtoupholdthefeminine(女性的)goalsofhalfacenturyagostaypretty,havebabies,keepatidyhome,andcookagoodnutritiousmealeverynight.Now,inadditiontothoseoldstandards,mostwomenplanonworkingandhavingcareers.Butevenintheworkplace,showingaThinkingpreferencecanbeproblematic.Womenwhotakechargeoroffercriticismmaybeseen88bossy,OfcourserthequestiongoestotheThinkingmen.Boyslearnatayoungagethatbeingemotionalorsensitivecanbeseentobelessstrong.Theyhavebeentaughtnottocrytoshowthattheyarebraveenoughtobearanysufferings.Inthatcase,theyaremorelikelytobelessofFeelers.MaybeFeelerwomenandThinkermenarenotnaturally80.ThereisnothingwrongwithbeingaFeelerwomanoraThinkerman.BeingaFeelerdoesnotmeanthatyou'rearollercoasterofemotionswhomightknockoveratableatanymoment,nordoesbeingaThinkermeanthatyouareaninfalliblerobotdesignedtomakeheartlessdecisions.Regardlessofgender.yourpersonalityandpreferencesarepletelyvalid;neitherThinkingnorFeelingisrightorwrong,goodorbad.Andofcourse,people,whopreferaThinkingstylestillhavefeelings,andFeelerscanbeextremelyintelligent.8.Whatisthemonbeliefaboutmenaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Theyprefertobemathteachers. B.Theytendtothinkwiththeirheads.C.Theyseemruderandmoremerciless. D.Theyareemotionalgroupleaders.9.WhatmainlymakeswomenbeeFeelers?A.Theirworkingexperiences. B.Thesocialexpectations.C.Theborncharacteristics. D.Theirfamilybackgrounds,10.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Personalityisnotnecessarilylimitedtoatype.B.FeelersandThinkerscanhardlyliveinharmony,C.AThinkeriscertaintomakeheartlessdecisions.D.AFeelerisemotionallychangeableallthetime.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DoesPersonalityChangeOvertheTime?B.IsPersonalityOnlyDeterminedbyGender?C.AreFeelerWomenandThinkerMenBorntoBeSo?D.CanFeelersandThinkersGetOnWellWithEachOther?【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.C【解析】本文是一篇議論文。人們通常認(rèn)為女人天是感受者而男人天生是思考者，然而這并不是絕對的，個性并不一定局限于某一種類型。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Mostpeoplethinkthatwomenarenaturallykind,crytoomuchandthinkwiththeirhearts,insteadofusingtheirheadslikemen.Meanwhile,menarethoughttobeborntoberationalcreaturewhonaturallyknowhowtoleadanddomath”（大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為女人天生善良，愛哭，用心思考，而不是像男人那樣動腦思考。與此同時(shí)，男人被認(rèn)為是天生的理性生物，天生知道如何領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和做數(shù)學(xué)。）可知，人們通常認(rèn)為男人是理性思考者。故選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inmanyregards,womenarestillexpectedtoupholdthefeminine(女性的)goalsofhalfacenturyagostaypretty,havebabies,keepatidyhome,andcookagoodnutritiousmealeverynight.Now,inadditiontothoseoldstandards,mostwomenplanonworkingandhavingcareers.Butevenintheworkplace,showingaThinkingpreferencecanbeproblematic.Womenwhotakechargeoroffercriticismmaybeseen88bossy,”（在許多方面，人們?nèi)匀黄谕詧?jiān)持半個世紀(jì)前的女性目標(biāo)——保持漂亮，生孩子，保持家庭整潔，每天晚上做一頓營養(yǎng)豐富的晚餐。現(xiàn)在，除了那些舊標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，大多數(shù)女性計(jì)劃工作和事業(yè)。但即使在工作場合，表現(xiàn)出思維偏好也是有問題的。主事或提出批評的女性可能被認(rèn)為是專橫跋扈的,）可推知，主要是社會期望使女性變成了感受者。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“BeingaFeelerdoesnotmeanthatyou'rearollercoasterofemotionswhomightknockoveratableatanymoment,nordoesbeingaThinkermeanthatyouareaninfalliblerobotdesignedtomakeheartlessdecisions.”（做一個感覺者并不意味著你是一個隨時(shí)可能打翻桌子的情緒過山車，做一個思考者也不意味著你是一個絕對正確的機(jī)器人，被設(shè)計(jì)來做無情的決定。）及“Andofcourse,people,whopreferaThinkingstylestillhavefeelings,andFeelerscanbeextremelyintelligent.”（當(dāng)然，喜歡思考方式的人仍然有感覺，而“感覺者”可能非常聰明。）可推知，個性并不一定局限于某一種類型。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為女人天生善良，愛哭，用心思考，而不是像男人那樣動腦思考。與此同時(shí)，男人被認(rèn)為是天生的理性生物，天生知道如何領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和做數(shù)學(xué)。然而，根據(jù)性格類型的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，75.5%的女性是“感受者”，56.5%的男性是“思考者”。可知，本文在探討“是否女人就是天生的感受者而男人就是天生的思考者”。根據(jù)最后一段“BeingaFeelerdoesnotmeanthatyou'rearollercoasterofemotionswhomightknockoveratableatanymoment,nordoesbeingaThinkermeanthatyouareaninfalliblerobotdesignedtomakeheartlessdecisions.”做一個感覺者并不意味著你是一個隨時(shí)可能打翻桌子的情緒過山車，做一個思考者也不意味著你是一個絕對正確的機(jī)器人，被設(shè)計(jì)來做無情的決定。由此可知，人們通常認(rèn)為女人天是感受者而男人天生是思考者，然而這并不是絕對的，個性并不一定局限于某一種類型。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“是否女人就是天生的感受者而男人就是天生的思考者”。故選C。DScientistsareurgingthatdeepseametalminingshouldbestoppedtemporarily.TheywarninareportthatitcancausesevereanddamagingeffectsonPacificOceanareas.Therecentlyreleasedreportexaminedmorethan250publishedstudiesondeepSeamining.TheresearchwasexaminedbytheDeepSeaMiningCampaignacollectionofnotforprofitorganizations.Thereportcentersonminingactivitiesrelatedtosmallmetallicparticles(金屬顆粒)，callednodules,foundontheseabed.Thematerialcancontaindifferentmetals.Increasingdemandforthesemetalshasledtoariseindeepseaminingoperations.Themetalsaremonlyusedinbatterymanufacturingandothertechnologyproducts.However,thescientistswarnthatminingforthesenoduleswillcauseirreversible(不可逆的)damagetoanoceanalreadyunderpressure.TheoperationswillaffectareasacrosstheSouthPacific,includingthenationsofKiribati,theCookIslands,Nauru,TongaandPapuaNewGuinea.Thereportnotesthatamoratoriumistheonlyresponsiblewaytomoveforwarduntilcertainconditionssurroundingdeepseaminingcanbemet.Thescientistsarecallingforadditionalstudytofullyunderstandtheenvironmental,socialandeconomicrisks.AndrewChinisthereport'sleadresearcher.Hesaysinastatementthatnoduleminingwilllikelyresultinthelossofsealifeandcausedamagetodeepseabedsforthousandsofyears.Headdsthattheoperationscanputpeopleatriskwhodependontheoceananditscontinuedhealth.ApanyplanningtobeoneofthefirsttocarryoutminingoperationsintheareaisCanada'sDeepGreen,whichaimstobeginby2024.Itseekstominemetallicnodulestobeusedinpowersystemsforelectricvehicles.DeepGreenChiefExecutiveOfficerGerardBarrondefendedthepany'splansinreactiontothereport.Hesaiddeepseaminingofferedthebestalternativetosurfacemining,whichhas&longhistoryofpollutionanddestroyingforestsandwildlife.12.Whyaredeepseaminingoperationsontherise?A.Moremetalsareneeded. B.Surfaceminingisbanned,C.Batteryindustryisfalling. D.Theseabediseasytofind,13.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword“moratorium"underlinedinparagraph4?A.Loosemeasure. B.Thoroughstudy. C.Permanentdeal. D.Temporarystop.14.WhatcanwelearnfromAndrewChin'swords?A.Conditionssurroundingdeepseaminingaregreat.B.Thedamagecausedbynoduleminingisreversible.C.Noduleminingcancauseharminvariousaspects.D.Peoplesurelesslikelytobeaffectedbynodulemining,15.What'sGerardBarron'sattitudetowardsdeepseamining?A.Opposed. B.Supportive. C.Ambiguous. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們敦促暫時(shí)停止深海金屬開采。他們在一份報(bào)告中警告說，它會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果。對太平洋地區(qū)造成破壞性影響?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Increasingdemandforthesemetalshasledtoariseindeepseaminingoperations.”（對這些金屬需求的增加導(dǎo)致了深海采礦作業(yè)的增加。）可知，深海采礦活動在增加是因?yàn)樾枰嗟慕饘佟９蔬xA。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Scientistsareurgingthatdeepseametalminingshouldbestoppedtemporarily.”（科學(xué)家們敦促暫時(shí)停止深海金屬開采。）和劃線詞后面的“theonlyresponsiblewaytomoveforwarduntilcertainconditionssurroundingdeepseaminingcanbemet”（在深海采礦的某些條件得到滿足之前，這是唯一負(fù)責(zé)任的前進(jìn)方式）可推知，“moratorium"意為“暫?！薄９蔬xD?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Hesaysinastatementthatnoduleminingwilllikelyresultinthelossofsealifeandcausedamagetodeepseabedsforthousandsofyears.Headdsthattheoperationscanputpeopleatriskwhodependontheoceananditscontinuedhealth.”（他在一份聲明中說，結(jié)核開采很可能導(dǎo)致海洋生物的消失，并對海底造成數(shù)千年的破壞。他還說，開采結(jié)核會使依賴海洋及其持續(xù)健康的人們處于危險(xiǎn)之中。）可推知，結(jié)核開采會造成多方面的危害。故選C。15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“DeepGreenChiefExecutiveOfficerGerardBarrondefendedthepany'splansinreactiontothereport.Hesaiddeepseaminingofferedthebestalternativetosurfacemining.whichhas&longhistoryofpollutionanddestroyingforestsandwildlife.”（DeepGreen首席執(zhí)行官杰拉德·巴倫(GerardBarron)在回應(yīng)該報(bào)告時(shí)為公司的計(jì)劃進(jìn)行了辯護(hù)。他說，深海采礦是地表采礦的最佳選擇，它有污染和破壞森林和野生動物的悠久歷史。）可推知，GerardBarron對深海開礦指“支持的”態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分,滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AccordingtotheJournalforHappinessStudies,togainmostfromavacation,youneedeightdaysoff.Ifyoucantakethatmuchtimeoff,doit.Butmanyofuscan'tgoawayforthatlong.Mostofthetime,wecanjustenjoyshortweekends___16___Stayawayfromwork,Youcan'tgainbenefitsoftimeoffiyou'restillmentallytiedintowork.Sosetanemailvacationawaymessage,leaveyourworkphoneathome,andmittoleavinganyemailorphonecallsuntilyoureturntowork___17___Thenputyourdevicesawayuntilthenextdayatthattime.Putthecameraaway,It'sfuntotakesomepicturesandsharethemonsocialmedia.However,considerlimitingyourself.Thinkaboutwhatyou'retakingpicturesfor.andputthecameraawaysometimes.___18___Avisualrecordisn'ttheonlywaytomakememories.Participationisthebestway.___19___Whenyoureonvacation,haveagoodsleep.Scheduletimetosleepforaslongasyouliketoallowforadeeprest.Lieinbedanddonothing(trytoavoidtakingupyourphoneanddivingintosocialmedia),andjustrelax.Andevenifyoucan'tnecessarilyfallpletelyasleep,lettingyourmindwandercanreduceanxietyandallowforgreatercreativity.Readanovel.___20___Ithelpsmakeyouamoreempathetic(感同身受的)person,andit'sgoodforyourbrain,Itcanhelpyourelearnhowtofocusononethingatatime.Readingwhileonvacationcanalsoworktobeautifullyconnectreadingacertainbookwithaplace.A.Sleep.B.Rescheduleyourroutines,C.Thebenefitsofreadingfictionaremany.D.Aweekendcanalsodowondersifyoumakegooduseofit.E.It'sagoodideatospendyourweekendtakingpicturesorreadingbooks.F.Ifyouabsolutelymustcheckyouremail,pickatimeonceperdayanddoit.G.Concentrateontakingmentalpictures,orenjoyingwhatyouareexperiencing.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.A20.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何充分利用周末假期?！?6題詳解】上文“Butmanyofuscan'tgoawayforthatlong.Mostofthetime,wecanjustenjoyshortweekends.（但是我們中的許多人不能離開那么久。大多數(shù)時(shí)候，我們只能享受短暫的周末）”說明大多數(shù)人沒有長時(shí)間的假期，只能享受短暫的周末，D項(xiàng)“如果你好好利用周末假期，你也會收獲驚喜。”承接上文，引出下列幾條周末度假建議。選項(xiàng)中Aweekend和前文weekends語義一致。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Sosetanemailvacationawaymessage.leaveyourworkphoneathome,andmittoleavinganyemailorphonecallsuntilyoureturntowork.（因此，設(shè)置一個電子郵件休假消息，把你的工作留在家里，并承諾留下任何電子郵件或，直到你回到工作）”說明要把休假信息公布并承諾假期結(jié)束處理，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“如果你必須要查看你的電子郵件，每天選一個特定的時(shí)間查看。”承接上文，說明，在必須查看時(shí)，選一個特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，引出下文“Thenputyourdevicesawayuntilthenextdayatthattime.（然后把你的設(shè)備放在一邊，直到第二天那個時(shí)候。）”。選項(xiàng)中youremail和上文anemail，選項(xiàng)中atimeonceperday和下文atthattime語義相關(guān)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Thinkaboutwhatyou'retakingpicturesforandputthecameraawaysometimes.（想想你拍照是為了什么。有時(shí)候把攝像機(jī)拿開。）”說明要想一想為什么拍照，是為了度假放松呀，所以，有時(shí)候就要把攝像機(jī)拿開。G項(xiàng)“集中精力去拍攝精神上的照片，或者享受你正在經(jīng)歷的事情?！背薪由衔模f明要享受正在經(jīng)歷的事情，選項(xiàng)中takingmentalpictures和上文中whatyou'retakingpicturesfor語義相關(guān)。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)本段首句“Whenyou’reonvacation,haveagoodsleep.（當(dāng)你度假時(shí)，好好睡一覺。）”以及全段中心可知，本段主要是在講“睡覺”這一建議，A項(xiàng)“睡覺”適合做本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】本段的小標(biāo)題“Readanovel.（讀本小說）”及段落結(jié)尾“Readingwhileonvacationcanalsoworktobeautifullyconnectreadingacertainbookwithaplace.（在度假期間閱讀也可以把閱讀和某個地方美妙地聯(lián)系起來。）”都說明本段與閱讀相關(guān)。C項(xiàng)“閱讀小說的益處有很多”位于句首，承接標(biāo)題，說明讀小說的好處很多。選項(xiàng)中readingfiction和上文標(biāo)題readanovel語義一致。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。NoahRupp,theProvidenceHighSchoolninthgrader,isonly15.Buthe'salreadystartedhisowncharitytohelpthe___21___Noah'sArkProjectbeganlastfallwhenheandhisfather,MarkRupp,wereon___22___inAsheville,Walkingbacktotheirhotel,they___23___amanwhoappearedtobehomelessandwasshakinginthecold.Hewantedtodo___24___tohelp.WhentheyreturnedtoCharlotte,Noah___25___whattypesofproductscouldhelpapersontostay___26___.Hefoundatypeofbright,orangelightweightsleepingbag,theyarewaterproof(防水的)andwindproofandcanbe___27___allyearround.Theybuiltwebsiteand___28___toraise$5,000forthefirst200sleepingbags,Noahpresentedhis___29___tohisclassmates.Mostwereverysupportiveandhelpedhimwithhisfirstfundraiserayardsale."Wesoldourownusedthingsandbought20bagsthatwinter.“Itseemsitwill____30____muchlongertimetoreachthegoal,”saidNoah,Theirnext____31____istomeetthegoalthisfall.Likeotherteenagers,Noahhashomework,playssportsandspendstimewithfriends.Buthe____32____thosethingswellwithhischarity.Hesetsasidetimeeachdaytoworkonit.Hismother,LesliePerez,is____33____byherson,“Whathedoesis____34____,"saidPerez,"Havingworkedthroughtheproject,I____35____thatnomatterwhatlifethrowsathim,he'llbeOK.”21.A.young B.hungry C.elderly D.homeless22.A.business B.experiment C.exercise D.vacation23.A.remembered B.noticed C.sought D.researched24.A.something B.everything C.anything D.nothing25.A.designed B.improved C.studied D.discovered26.A.healthy B.rich C.warm D.full27.A.shared B.used C.washed D.developed28.A.turnedout B.gotback C.lookedforward D.setout29.A.dream B.problem C.project D.demand30.A.save B.wait C.waste D.take31.A.step B.method C.idea D.requirement32A.bines B.connects C.provides D.balances33.A.terrified B.hurt C.amazed D.amused34.A.great B.fun C.serious D.careless35.A.mean B.believe C.assume D.warn【答案】21.D22.D23.B24.A25.C26.C27.B28.D29.C30.D31.A32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了15歲的男孩NoahRupp想方設(shè)法去幫助無家可歸的人的故事。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但他已經(jīng)成立了自己的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)來幫助無家可歸的人。A.young年輕的；B.hungry饑餓的；C.elderly年長的；D.homeless無家可歸的。根據(jù)“they___3___amanwhoappearedtobehomeless”可知，他成立慈善機(jī)構(gòu)是為了幫助無家可歸的人。故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：諾亞方舟計(jì)劃始于去年秋天，當(dāng)時(shí)他和他的父親馬克·拉普在阿什維爾度假，走回旅館時(shí)，他們注意到一名似乎無家可歸的男子，在寒冷中發(fā)抖。A.business生意；B.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；C.exercise鍛煉；D.vacation假期。根據(jù)“Walkingbacktotheirhotel,”可知，他們在阿什維爾度假?！皁nvacation”為固定短語，意為“在度假中”。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：諾亞方舟計(jì)劃始于去年秋天，當(dāng)時(shí)他和他的父親馬克·拉普在阿什維爾度假，走回旅館時(shí)，他們注意到一名似乎無家可歸的男子，在寒冷中發(fā)抖。A.remembered記得；B.noticed注意；C.sought尋找；D.researched研究，探索。根據(jù)“amanwhoappearedtobehomelessandwasshakinginthecold.”可知，他們看到了一名似乎無家可歸的男子，在寒冷中發(fā)抖。故選B。【24題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：他想幫點(diǎn)忙。A.something某事；B.everything一切；C.anything任何事情；D.nothing沒有什么。根據(jù)“whattypesofproductscouldhelpaperson”可知，想要做點(diǎn)事情來幫忙。故選A。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們回到夏洛特時(shí)，Noah研究了什么類型的產(chǎn)品可以幫助人們保暖。A.designed設(shè)計(jì)；B.improved提高，改善；C.studied學(xué)習(xí)，研究；D.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“whattypesofproductscouldhelpapersontostay___6___”可知，此處表示研究研究了什么類型的產(chǎn)品可以幫助人們。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們回到夏洛特時(shí)，諾亞研究了什么類型的產(chǎn)品可以幫助人們保暖。A.healthy健康的；B.rich富有的；C.warm溫暖的；D.full滿的。根據(jù)“wasshakinginthecold”可知，此處表示幫助人們保持溫暖。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他找到了一種明亮的橙色輕重量睡袋，它們是防水和防風(fēng)的，可以全年使用。A.shared分享；B.used使用；C.washed洗；D.developed發(fā)展。根據(jù)“Hefoundatypeofbright,orangelightweightsleepingbag”可知，這種睡袋可以全年使用。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他們建立了網(wǎng)站，并開始為前200個睡袋籌集5000美元，Noah向他的同學(xué)介紹了他的項(xiàng)目。A.turnedout結(jié)果是，證明是；B.gotback返回；C.lookedforward向前看，期待；D.setout開始，動身。根據(jù)“toraise$5,000forthefirst200sleepingbags”可知，此處表示他們建了一個網(wǎng)站，開始(setout)募擁。setouttodosth.為固定用法，意為“開始著手做某事”。故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們建立了網(wǎng)站，并開始為前200個睡袋籌集5000美元，Noah向他的同學(xué)介紹了他的項(xiàng)目。A.dream夢想；B.problem問題；C.project工程，計(jì)劃；D.demand要求。根據(jù)上文“Noah'sArkProject”可知，此處是信息詞project的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“看來要達(dá)到這個目標(biāo)需要更長的時(shí)間，”Noah說，他們的下一步是在今年秋天達(dá)到這個目標(biāo)。A.save節(jié)省，拯救；B.wait等待；C.waste浪費(fèi)；D.take拿走、花費(fèi)。Ittakessometimetodosth.為固定句型，意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。故選D。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“看來要達(dá)到這個目標(biāo)需要更長的時(shí)間，”Noah說，他們的下一步是在今年秋天達(dá)到這個目標(biāo)。A.step腳步，步驟；B.method理論；C.idea主意；D.requirement要求，需要。根據(jù)“Itseemsitwill___10___muchlongertimetoreachthegoal”和“tomeetthegoalthisfall”可知，此處表示下一步(step)他們將在今年秋天實(shí)現(xiàn)那個目標(biāo)。故選A。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但他很好地平衡了這些事情和他的慈善事業(yè)，他每天留出時(shí)間來工作。A.bines組合，合并；B.connects聯(lián)系，連接；C.provides提供；D.balances平衡。根據(jù)“Hesetsasidetimeeachdaytoworkonit.”（他每天留出時(shí)間做這件事。）可知，此處表示但他很好地平衡了這些事情和他的慈善事業(yè)。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的母親萊斯利·佩雷斯被她的兒子震驚了。A.terrified使恐懼；B.hurt傷害；C.amazed使驚訝；D.amused逗樂。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Noah'sArkProjectbeganlastfall”可知，母親為兒子所做的事感到驚訝。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“他做得很好，”佩雷斯說，“完成了這個項(xiàng)目后，我相信無論生活遇到什么，他都會沒事的?！盇.great偉大的；B.fun有趣的；C.serious嚴(yán)重的；D.careless粗心的。母親認(rèn)為兒子做的事很偉大。故選