福建省龍巖市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1福建省龍巖市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Telephonehermother.B.Treatthemantolunch.C.Invitethemantoamovie.2.Howdoesthewomangotoclasses?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.3.Whyisthemanmakingthecall?A.Toapplyforajob.B.Toaskforsickleave.C.Toarrangehisworkschedule.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onthestreet.B.Atastore.C.Intheman'sworkplace.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.WhenTom'sbirthdayis.B.WhetherTomlikestakingpictures.C.Whatgiftthemanshouldprepare.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredothewoman'sfriendslive?A.Inavillage.B.Inatown.C.Inacity.7.Howdidthewomanfeelatherfriends'placeatnight?A.Relaxed.B.Excited.C.Frightened.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'spictures?A.Professional.B.Serious.C.Basic.9.Whatdidthewomanusetotakethepictures?A.Herphone.B.Hercamera.C.Herparents'camera.10.Whatdidthewomandolastyear?A.Sheattendedacourse.B.Shedidsomeexperiments.C.Shegotabetterphone.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatwasthemandoingwhenhehurthisknee?A.Hewasrunning.B.Hewasridingabike.C.Hewasgoingdownstairs.12.Whendidthemanhurthisarm?A.Yesterdaymorning.B.Yesterdayafternoon.C.Yesterdayevening.13.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?A.Takesomemedicine.B.Dosomeexamination.C.Dealwiththecutcarefully.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Jogging.B.Swimming.C.Mountainbiking.15.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.16.Whosepartywillthespeakersgoto?A.Todd's.B.Simone's.C.Frankie's.17.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Neighbors.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Wheredidthespeakerstayduringhervacation?A.Inatent.B.Inahotel.C.Inherfriend'shouse.19.Whatdidthespeakerdoonthefirstday?A.Sheswaminthesea.B.Sheplayedballgames.C.Sheattendedsurfinglessons.20.Howdidthespeakerspendmostofhertimeduringthevacation?A.Playingataclub.B.Stayingonthebeach.C.Walkingwithherfriends.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AAreyoulookingfordestinationsofyoursummertrips?Let’scheckitout!SingaporeSingaporeisanenergeticmulticulturalcity-stateinSoutheastAsia.ItoffersauniquemixofChinese,Malay,Indian,andWesterncultures.Thecityhasanimpressiveskylineandisacenterforbusiness,shopping,anddining.VisitorscanexplorethebusymarketsofChinatown,LittleIndia,andArabStreet,aswellastheGardensbytheBayandtheMarinaBaySands.IstanbulIstanbulisacitywheretwocontinentsmeet,EuropeandAsia.ItisaculturalmeltingpotwithinfluencesfromGreek,Roman,Byzantine,andOttomanempires.Thecityfeaturesamazingarchitecture,suchastheHagiaSophiaandBlueMosque,andarichcookingscenewithtraditionalTurkishdelights.VisitorscanalsotakeaboatrideacrosstheBosphorusStraittoexploretheAsiansideofthecity.HongKongHongKongisabusyinternationalcityinChinathatcombinesEasternandWesterncultures.Thecityisfamousforitsskyscrapers,streetmarkets,anddelicioussnacks.Visitorscanexplorethecity'shistoricstreetsinCentral,takeacablecar(纜車)uptoVictoriaPeakforfascinatingviews,orvisitthegiantBuddhastatueonLantauIsland.TorontoTorontoisCanada’slargestcityandisknownforitsmulticulturalismanddiversity.Thecityishometoover140languages,andoverhalfofitspopulationwasbornoutsideofCanada.Toronto’sculturalscenereflectsthisdiversity,withnumerousfestivalscelebratingdifferentcultures,suchasCaribana,theTorontoInternationalFilmFestival,andtheTasteoftheDanforthGreekfestivalClickhereformoreinformationabouttheattractivedestinationsintheworld!1.WherecantouristsexperienceamixofancientEuropeanandAsiancultures?A.Toronto. B.HongKong C.Istanbul. D.Singapore.2.WhatisspecialaboutToronto?A.Itcoversthelargestareaofthefour. B.Thenativepeopleareinthemajority.C.Itownsarangeofstreetmarkets. D.Itofferschancestoexperiencefestivals.3.Whatdothefourdestinationshaveincommon?A.Culturaldiversity. B.Uniquearchitecture.C.Convenienttransport. D.Distinctivelanguages.〖答案〗1.C2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個夏季旅游目的地?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Istanbul部分的“Istanbulisacitywheretwocontinentsmeet,EuropeandAsia.ItisaculturalmeltingpotwithinfluencesfromGreek,Roman,Byzantine,andOttomanempires.(伊斯坦布爾是歐洲和亞洲兩大洲交匯的城市。它是一個文化大熔爐，受到希臘、羅馬、拜占庭和奧斯曼帝國的影響。)”可知，在伊斯坦布爾游客能體驗到古代歐洲和亞洲文化的融合。故選C。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Toronto部分的“Toronto'sculturalscenereflectsthisdiversity,withnumerousfestivalscelebratingdifferentcultures,suchasCaribana,theTorontoInternationalFilmFestival,andtheTasteoftheDanforthGreekfestival(多倫多的文化景觀反映了這種多樣性，有許多慶祝不同文化的節(jié)日，例如Caribana，多倫多國際電影節(jié)和Danforth希臘節(jié)的味道)”可知，多倫多提供了體驗節(jié)日的經(jīng)歷。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Singaporeisanenergeticmulticulturalcity-stateinSoutheastAsia.(新加坡是東南亞一個充滿活力的多元文化城邦。)”，第三段的“ItisaculturalmeltingpotwithinfluencesfromGreek,Roman,Byzantine,andOttomanempires.(它是一個文化大熔爐，受到希臘、羅馬、拜占庭和奧斯曼帝國的影響。)”，第四段的“HongKongisabusyinternationalcityinChinathatcombinesEasternandWesterncultures.(香港是中國一個繁忙的國際城市，融合了東西方文化。)”以及第五段的“TorontoisCanada'slargestcityandisknownforitsmulticulturalismanddiversity.(多倫多是加拿大最大的城市，以其多元文化和多樣性而聞名。)”可知，這四個城市都有文化的多樣性。故選A。BMalalaYousafzai,theyoungestNobelPrizewinner,isaPakistaniteenagegirl.AndsheisbestknownforherwonderfulworkpromotingtheeducationandrightsofwomenandgirlsinPakistan.Bornin1997,MalalagrewupintheSwatValleyinnorthernPakistan,wheretheleadingpartygainedcontrolin2007,andeducationforgirlsandculturalactivitieslikeplayingmusicandflyingkiteswerebanned(禁止).Despitethedangers,MalalacontinuedtoattendschoolandbecameanoutspokenspeakerforeducationalrightsforgirlsinPakistan.In2012,attheageof15,shewasshotintheheadonherwayhomefromschool.Fortunately,Malalasurvivedtheattackandcontinuedherworkfromabroad,eventuallybecomingtheyoungestpersonevertoreceivetheNobelPeacePrizein2014,attheageofjust17.Malala’sstoryprovesthepowerofculturaldiversityandtheimportanceoffightingforequalrightsandopportunitiesforalltotheworld.Herunshakabledevotiontoeducationandhelpingwomenandgirlsfortheirrightshasinspiredpeoplearoundtheworldandservesasareminderthateveninthefaceofgreatadversities,changeispossible.Inadditiontoherwork,MalalahasalsofoundedtheMalalaFund,whichaimstoprovideeducationandresourcestogirlsinsomeoftheworld'sleastdevelopedareas.Today,Malalacontinuestobealeadingvoiceinthefightforequalityandjustice,andherstoryalsoservesasapowerfulreminderoftheimportanceofpreservingandcelebratingdiversityinallitsforms.4.WhatdoesMalalaYousafzaiwantmosttoachieveforgirlsinPakistan?A.Theirrightsforvoting. B.Theiraccesstoschooling.C.Theiropportunitiesforjobs. D.Theirchancesforimportantpositions.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adversities”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Times. B.Difficulties. C.Situations. D.Puzzles.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMalalaYousafzai?A.Ambitiousandenergetic. B.Responsibleandthoughtful.C.Courageousanddetermined D.Pioneeringandadventurous.7.WhatdoesthetextmainlyfocusonaboutMalala?A.Hersurvivingthekilling. B.HerwinningtheNoblePeacePrize.C.Herseekingforjusticeforherpeople. D.Herfightingforequalrightsforfemales.〖答案〗4.B5.B6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。這篇短文主要介紹了巴基斯坦的一個著名女孩-—MalalaYousafzai。文章主要講述了她為爭取婦女平等而努力的事跡?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“MalalaYousafzai,theyoungestNobelPrizewinner,isaPakistaniteenagegirl.AndsheisbestknownforherwonderfulworkpromotingtheeducationandrightsofwomenandgirlsinPakistan.(馬拉拉·優(yōu)素福扎伊是最年輕的諾貝爾獎得主，她是一名巴基斯坦少女。她最為人所知的是她在促進巴基斯坦婦女和女孩的教育和權(quán)利方面的出色工作)”可知，馬拉拉·優(yōu)素福扎伊為巴基斯坦女孩爭取最大的利益是接受教育，故選B?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)三段“Despitethedangers,MalalacontinuedtoattendschoolandbecameanoutspokenspeakerforeducationalrightsforgirlsinPakistan.In2012,attheageof15,shewasshotintheheadonherwayhomefromschool.(盡管有危險，馬拉拉繼續(xù)上學(xué)，并成為巴基斯坦女孩受教育權(quán)的直言不諱的演講者。2012年，15歲的她在放學(xué)回家的路上頭部中彈)”以及劃線詞所在句“Herunshakabledevotiontoeducationandhelpingwomenandgirlsfortheirrightshasinspiredpeoplearoundtheworldandservesasareminderthateveninthefaceofgreatadversities,changeispossible.(她堅定不移地致力于教育事業(yè)，幫助婦女和女童爭取權(quán)利，這激勵了世界各地的人們，并提醒人們，即使面臨巨大的adversities，變革也是可能的)”可知，馬拉拉堅定不移為致力于教育事業(yè)，幫助婦女和女童，爭取平等的權(quán)利，付出了艱辛和努力，因此推動她的事情激勵人們，面對艱難困境也會有改變。由此可知，劃線詞與B項difficulties(困難)意思相近。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Despitethedangers,MalalacontinuedtoattendschoolandbecameanoutspokenspeakerforeducationalrightsforgirlsinPakistan.In2012,attheageof15,shewasshotintheheadonherwayhomefromschool(盡管有危險，馬拉拉繼續(xù)上學(xué)，并成為巴基斯坦女孩受教育權(quán)的直言不諱的演講者。2012年，15歲的她在放學(xué)回家的路上頭部中彈)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Inadditiontoherwork,MalalahasalsofoundedtheMalalaFund,whichaimstoprovideeducationandresourcestogirlsinsomeoftheworld'sleastdevelopedareas.(除了她的工作，馬拉拉還成立了馬拉拉基金，旨在為世界上一些最不發(fā)達地區(qū)的女孩提供教育和資源)”可知，盡管馬拉拉遭遇危險，但是她并沒有妥協(xié)，而是繼續(xù)勇敢的為婦女權(quán)利而戰(zhàn)。由此推知，她是勇敢并堅定的。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“MalalaYousafzai,theyoungestNobelPrizewinner,isaPakistaniteenagegirl.AndsheisbestknownforherwonderfulworkpromotingtheeducationandrightsofwomenandgirlsinPakistan.(馬拉拉·優(yōu)素福扎伊是最年輕的諾貝爾獎得主，她是一名巴基斯坦少女。她最為人所知的是她在促進巴基斯坦婦女和女孩的教育和權(quán)利方面的出色工作)”和最后一段“Inadditiontoherwork,MalalahasalsofoundedtheMalalaFund,whichaimstoprovideeducationandresourcestogirlsinsomeoftheworld'sleastdevelopedareas.(除了她的工作，馬拉拉還成立了馬拉拉基金，旨在為世界上一些最不發(fā)達地區(qū)的女孩提供教育和資源)”可推知，文章主要集中馬拉拉為女性爭取平等權(quán)利的事跡上。故選D。CLightning(閃電)strikesmorethaneightmilliontimesadayworldwide.That’sabout93timespersecond.Whataphenomenon!Howhotisalightningbolt?About50,000°F-fivetimeshotterthanthesurfaceofthesun.Yes,itreallycanrainfrogs,fish,andotherdecidedlyoddthings.It’sararemeteorological(氣象學(xué)的)event,butscientistssaystrongwindsfromatornadoorfromastormcanbepowerfulenoughtodriveanimalsandobjectshighintotheair,andtheyhavetocomedowneventually.Itisabadideatotakeashowerduringathunderstorm.Iflightninghitsyourhouse,itcantravelthroughyourplumbing(管道設(shè)備)andshockanyonewhocomesintocontactwithwaterflowingthroughit.Peoplehavebeenshockedorkilledwhilebathing,washingdishesandclothes.Thisisalsowhyindoorpoolsoftencloseduringstorms.Rubbertiresarenotwhatprotectyoufromlightningwhenyou’reinyourcar.You’reprotectedbecausewhenlightninghitsacar,ittravelsaroundtheoutsideofthemetalstructuretogettotheground.Justbecarefulnottotouchanymetalareasinside.Lightningcanstrikethesameplacetwice—anditoftendoes,especiallyobjectsthataretall,pointy,andseparated.TheEmpireStateBuilding,forexample,ishitalmost100timesayear,accordingtotheCDC.Youcanbestruckbylightningevenwhenit’snotraining.About10percentoflightningstrikestakeplacewhenthere’snorainfall.Inthe1980s,NASAflewoneairplanethrough1.496thunderstorms.Itwasstruckbylightningmorethan700times.Today,acommercialairplanewillbehitbylightningaboutonceayearonaverage,typicallywithnoilleffects.IthasbeendecadessinceaU.S.airlinerhascrashedasaresultofalightningstrike.Todealwithsuchafrequentphenomenon,everyday,twiceaday,weathertrackers,atthesametime,launchgiantballoonsfromalmost900locationsworldwide.Theballoonsmeasureabovegroundweatherdatasuchastemperature,humidity(濕氣),andwindspeed,andtheyprovidevitalinformationthatmeteorologistsusetomakeforecastsandpredictlightning.8.Whatcanlightningleadtoaccordingtothetext?A.Burningeverything. B.Raininganimals.C.Shockingeverybodyoutdoors. D.Hittinganobjectforonce.9.Whatistherightthingtododuringalightningstrike?A.Takeabathathome. B.Swiminapool.C.Avoidmetalthings. D.Standunderatalltree.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Nosignofrainfallmeansnolightning.B.Effortshavebeenmadetokeepaircraftsafe.C.Commercialplanescanescapelightninghits.D.TheEmpireStateBuildingfacesmostlightningstrikes.11.Whatreducesthedamageofalightningstrike?A.Lightninglocation. B.Measurementballoons.C.Changingwinddirection. D.Weatherforecastandprediction.〖答案〗8.B9.C10.B11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。這篇文章討論了閃電的各個方面。閃電是一種世界范圍內(nèi)的常見現(xiàn)象，每天大約發(fā)生800萬次，其溫度可能比太陽表面還要高。這篇文章還強調(diào)了閃電的奇怪現(xiàn)象，以及提到了安全問題，最后，文章解釋了氣象追蹤者發(fā)射氣球來收集氣象數(shù)據(jù)和預(yù)測閃電?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Yes,itreallycanrainfrogs,fish,andotherdecidedlyoddthings.(是的，它真的可以下青蛙、魚和其他絕對奇怪的東西。)”可知，它真的可以下青蛙、魚和其他絕對奇怪的東西。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Rubbertiresarenotwhatprotectyoufromlightningwhenyou'reinyourcar.You'reprotectedbecausewhenlightninghitsacar,ittravelsaroundtheoutsideofthemetalstructuretogettotheground.Justbecarefulnottotouchanymetalareasinside.(當(dāng)你在車里的時候，橡膠輪胎并不能保護你免受雷擊。你受到了保護，因為當(dāng)閃電擊中汽車時，它會繞過金屬結(jié)構(gòu)的外部到達地面。只是要小心不要碰里面的金屬區(qū)域。)”可知，閃電的時候，要避免觸碰金屬區(qū)域。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Todealwithsuchafrequentphenomenon,everyday,twiceaday,weathertrackers,atthesametime,launchgiantballoonsfromalmost900locationsworldwide.Theballoonsmeasureabovegroundweatherdatasuchastemperature,humidity(濕氣),andwindspeed,andtheyprovidevitalinformationthatmeteorologistsusetomakeforecastsandpredictlightning.(為了應(yīng)對這種頻繁的現(xiàn)象，天氣追蹤者每天，每天兩次，同時從全球近900個地點發(fā)射巨大的氣球。這些氣球測量地面上的天氣數(shù)據(jù)，如溫度、濕度和風(fēng)速，并為氣象學(xué)家提供重要信息，用于預(yù)測和預(yù)測閃電。)”可知，為了保證飛機的安全，已經(jīng)做出了努力。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Todealwithsuchafrequentphenomenon,everyday,twiceaday,weathertrackers,atthesametime,launchgiantballoonsfromalmost900locationsworldwide.Theballoonsmeasureabovegroundweatherdatasuchastemperature,humidity(濕氣),andwindspeed,andtheyprovidevitalinformationthatmeteorologistsusetomakeforecastsandpredictlightning.(為了應(yīng)對這種頻繁的現(xiàn)象，天氣追蹤者每天，每天兩次，同時從全球近900個地點發(fā)射巨大的氣球。這些氣球測量地面上的天氣數(shù)據(jù)，如溫度、濕度和風(fēng)速，并為氣象學(xué)家提供重要信息，用于預(yù)測和預(yù)測閃電。)”可知，天氣預(yù)報和預(yù)測閃電能夠減少雷擊造成的傷害。故選D。DTwelvewantstomakeagreatnumberofproductsgreenerbychangingwherethecarbonusedintheirproductioncomesfrom—takingitfromcarbondioxidecaughtintheairinsteadoffromthegroundintheformoffossilfuels.“Ifwecantakethebasiccarbonmolecule(分子)andputnewelementsaroundit,inthatcase,itcanbeusefulinindustry,”saysco-founderEtoshaCave,“wecanbasicallyshiftwhat’shappeningwithouratmosphereandwhat’shappeningwithclimatechange.”O(jiān)r,asherfellowco-founderKendraKuhlputsit:“Changingcarbonchangeseverything.”Toachievethistransformation(轉(zhuǎn)變),thecompanycreatedacatalyst,somethingthatbreaksdowncarbondioxidecaughtfromtheairintosmalleratomicbits,suchascarbonandoxygen,usingwaterandelectricitytorecombinetheelementsandformothercarboncompounds(混合物)thatmakeupthebasisofawiderangeofchemicalsandfuels.Twelve’scarbontransformationsystemcanbeaddedtoexistingproducingprocessesanditsendproductsusedasadirectreplacementforstandardpetrochemicals.Thatallowsothercompaniestocuttheirdependenceonfossilfuelsinproduction.“Bysourcingcarbonfromcarbondioxideinsteadoffossilfuels,wecanlargelyreduceouremissions(排放)whilekeepingtheproductsweknowandlove,”saysCave.Brandsaretakingnote.Twelve’schemicalsarecurrentlybeingusedtoproduceMercedes-Benzcarparts,alineofPangaiasunglassesandsoon.Twelvealsocreatedhisownsustainable(可持續(xù)的)fuels,E-JetandE-Marine,whichareusedtopoweraircraftandships.12.WhatallowsTwelvetomakegreenerproducts?A.Takingcarbonfromtheair.B.Transformingtheformsoffossilfuels.C.Fixingtheclimateandatmosphereproblems.D.Plantingmoretreesfornewchemicalelements.13.What’sthelastprocedureofcarbontransformation?A.Preparingwaterandelectricity.B.Collectingcarbondioxidefromtheair.C.Separatingcarbondioxideintosmallerparts.D.Rejoiningelementslikecarbonandoxygenforthemixture.14.WhatbenefitscanproducersreceivefromTwelve’ssystem?A.Reducingthecostsoftheirproducts.B.Makingthembetterknowntotheworld.C.Beinglessdependentonfossilfuelsthanever.D.Creatingmoresustainablefuelsforotherfields.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthisarticle?A.Twelve’sGreatAchievements B.GreenHouseEffectC.CarbonTransformationSystem D.LimitationsofFossilFuels〖答案〗12.A13.D14.C15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了Twelve公司新研究的碳轉(zhuǎn)化系統(tǒng)，可以從空氣中的二氧化碳中獲取碳，而不是從化石燃料中獲取，從而減少了化石燃料的使用，達到綠色生產(chǎn)的目的?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Twelvewantstomakeagreatnumberofproductsgreenerbychangingwherethecarbonusedintheirproductioncomesfrom—takingitfromcarbondioxidecaughtintheairinsteadoffromthegroundintheformoffossilfuels.(Twelve希望通過改變生產(chǎn)過程中碳的來源，使大量產(chǎn)品更加環(huán)?！獜目諝庵械亩趸贾蝎@取碳，而不是以化石燃料的形式從地面獲取碳。)”可知，從空氣中的二氧化碳中獲取碳可以使Twelve公司生產(chǎn)出更環(huán)保的產(chǎn)品。故選A項。【13題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Toachievethistransformation(轉(zhuǎn)變),thecompanycreatedacatalyst,somethingthatbreaksdowncarbondioxidecaughtfromtheairintosmalleratomicbits,suchascarbonandoxygen,usingwaterandelectricitytorecombinetheelementsandformothercarboncompounds(混合物)thatmakeupthebasisofawiderangeofchemicalsandfuels.(為了實現(xiàn)這一轉(zhuǎn)變，該公司發(fā)明了一種催化劑，它可以將從空氣中捕獲的二氧化碳分解成更小的原子，如碳和氧，利用水和電將元素重新組合，并產(chǎn)生母碳化合物，這些化合物構(gòu)成了廣泛的化學(xué)品和燃料的基礎(chǔ)。)”可知，碳轉(zhuǎn)化的最后一個步驟應(yīng)為：將碳和氧元素重新組合，產(chǎn)生化合物。故選D項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Twelve’scarbontransformationsystemcanbeaddedtoexistingproducingprocessesanditsendproductsusedasadirectreplacementforstandardpetrochemicals.Thatallowsothercompaniestocuttheirdependenceonfossilfuelsinproduction.(Twelve的碳轉(zhuǎn)化系統(tǒng)可以添加到現(xiàn)有的生產(chǎn)過程中，它可以直接替代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的石化產(chǎn)品。這使得其他公司在生產(chǎn)中減少了對化石燃料的依賴。)”可知，Twelve公司的碳轉(zhuǎn)化系統(tǒng)使得其他公司在生產(chǎn)中減少了對化石燃料的依賴。故選C項。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。閱讀文章可知，本文主要介紹了Twelve公司研究的碳轉(zhuǎn)化系統(tǒng)，第一段介紹了其研究目的，第二、三段介紹了該系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)化原理，第四段介紹了該系統(tǒng)帶來的好處，最后一段簡要提到了Twelve公司的其他研究。由此可知，C項“CarbonTransformationSystem(碳轉(zhuǎn)化系統(tǒng))”最能概括本文內(nèi)容。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TopstudyingtipsIfyoufrequentlyfindyourselfstuckinlowefficiencythoughyouspendalotoftimelearning,thefollowingstrategiesmightbeofgreathelptoyou.StudyincyclesInthe1950s,thefamoussleepresearcherNathanielKleitmandiscoveredtheSleepCycle._____16_____Weactuallyfallinandoutofdeepsleepseveraltimeseverynight.Ifwedecidetouseanalarmtoforceourselvesawakebeforeacyclecompletesitself,wewillwakeupfeelingextremelytired.Whatdoesthishavetodowithstudying?Well,itturnsoutthesecyclesdon'tonlyhappenwhileweareasleep.Wegothroughperiodsofincreasinganddecreasingfocusandenergyallday._____17_____Theoretically(理論上)weshouldbeabletogetabettersession(時段).Thisalsomeansit'sbesttoworkin90-minuteperiodbecauseafterthatourfocusstartstodecline.RelaxpurposefullySimplyput,aftereverycyclewhereyoudecidetofocushardonsomething,youneedtotakeabreakandallowyourmindtorelax.____18____Afteryoucompleteahardsetatthegymwhereyoupushedyourbodytothelimit,youneedtowaitafewminutestoregainyourstrength.Thesamethingappliestoourmind.Weneedtospend10to30minutesofrelaxingafterafocuscycle,givingourbrainabreak.____19____.____20____Ifyoufeellikeyouaresomeonewhoisunabletofocusevenduringthebest90-minutecyclesthroughouttheday,someexpertsuggestspracticingasimplemindfulnessmeditation(冥想)technique.Studieshavefoundthatdoingthisformofmeditationforatleast13minutespersessioncansharplyimproveyourabilitytofocusafterjustafewmonths.A.Improvefocusattimes.B.Thisissimilartoworkingout.C.Practicemeditationpersession.D.Ifwekeepabalancebetweenstudysessionandsleepcycle,E.Itturnsoutthatourbodiesgothrough90to110minutecycleswhilewesleep.F.Ifwedon't,chancesarethatournextsessionwon'tbeasproductiveaswe'dlike.G.Soifwecantimeastudysessionwithoneofthesecycleswithourawarenessincreasing.〖答案〗16.E17.G18.B19.F20.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一些提高學(xué)習(xí)效率的策略和方法。【16題詳析】上文“Inthe1950s,thefamoussleepresearcherNathanielKleitmandiscoveredtheSleepCycle.”（在20世紀50年代，著名的睡眠研究者NathanielKleitman發(fā)現(xiàn)了睡眠周期。）引出話題，提到睡眠周期。下文“Weactuallyfallinandoutofdeepsleepseveraltimeseverynight.”（我們實際上每天晚上都會有好幾次進入和退出深度睡眠。）具體介紹睡眠周期的情況。故可推斷空格處內(nèi)容為與睡眠周期相關(guān)。結(jié)合選項E項“事實證明，當(dāng)我們睡覺時，我們的身體會經(jīng)歷90到110分鐘的周期?！狈洗送茢?，也是講的關(guān)于睡眠周期的情況，上下文語意連貫。故選E項。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Wegothroughperiodsofincreasinganddecreasingfocusandenergyallday.”（我們一整天都在經(jīng)歷注意力和精力時而增加時而減少的時期。）說明注意力和精力的實時變化。結(jié)合選項G項“因此，如果我們能夠利用這些周期中的一個來安排學(xué)習(xí)時間，我們的意識就會增強?！笨芍蜕衔男纬梢蚬P(guān)系，上下文語意連貫。故選G項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Afteryoucompleteahardsetatthegymwhereyoupushedyourbodytothelimit,youneedtowaitafewminutestoregainyourstrength.”（當(dāng)你在健身房完成一組艱苦的訓(xùn)練后，你的身體達到了極限，你需要等幾分鐘來恢復(fù)你的力量。）可知，這里提到關(guān)于健身的內(nèi)容。結(jié)合選項B項“這和健身很相似。”和下文內(nèi)容一致，都是講的關(guān)于健身的內(nèi)容，上下文語意連貫。故選B項。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Weneedtospend10to30minutesofrelaxingafterafocuscycle,givingourbrainabreak.”（我們需要花10到30分鐘的時間來放松，讓我們的大腦休息一下。）說明大腦需要休息。結(jié)合選項F項“如果我們不這樣做，很可能我們的下一個會議不會像我們希望的那樣富有成效?！笨芍?，和上文語意緊密連接，下文是對上文的語意遞進。故選F項。【20題詳析】由該題為段落小標(biāo)題可知，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Ifyoufeellikeyouaresomeonewhoisunabletofocusevenduringthebest90-minutecyclesthroughouttheday,someexpertsuggestspracticingasimplemindfulnessmeditation(冥想)technique.Studieshavefoundthatdoingthisformofmeditationforatleast13minutespersessioncansharplyimproveyourabilitytofocusafterjustafewmonths.”（如果你覺得自己是一個即使在一天中最好的90分鐘周期中也無法集中注意力的人，一些專家建議練習(xí)一種簡單的正念冥想技巧。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每次至少13分鐘的冥想可以在短短幾個月后顯著提高你的注意力。）可知，講的是一些專家建議練習(xí)一種簡單的正念冥想技巧。結(jié)合選項C項“每次一段時間的冥想?！币馑家恢拢瑸榭偨Y(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選C項。第三部分語言知識運用（共3節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。KaziMannan,arestaurantowner,isknownforfeedinganyonewhethertheycanpayfortheirmealornot.Helosthis_____21_____foreconomiccrisis(危機)resultingfromtheepidemic.Thenthelocalcommunitybegan_____22_____inthemostgenerousway.Sincearegularcustomer_____23_____acampaign(活動)onlineforhisrestaurant,Mannanhasreceivedover$331,430frommorethan710people.The_____24_____keptrollingin.“Iusedtosay‘Don’tletanybody_____25_____,andpickthemup,’”Mannansaidtohisdonors.“Youpickedmeup.Ihavetearsinmyeyes...tearsofjoy.Thankyou,_____26_____people.”Thestreamingdonations____27____Mannanasthegenerousone.Monthsago,hewasservingup80_____28_____mealstopeopleinneedeveryday.“EverytimeIsawpeoplelookingforfoodinrubbish,myheart_____29_____.”Mannansaid.Withtheepidemicworsening,thestreetsofdowntownbecame______30______aspeoplebeganworkingfromhome.Hehadto______31______hisrestaurant.Notknowingwhattodo,theregularcustomerdecidedtostartacampaignforthepopularrestaurantinNovemberlastyear.Heposted,“Wearelookingto_____32_____thisseason,sotherestaurantwon'tshutdown.Everycentis______33______importantinkeepingthisdreamandimportantcommunityresourcealive,sopleasedowhatyoucan.We______34______yoursupportandprayers.”Morethanamonthlater,withthecampaignstillgoing,peopleweresurethattherestaurantwouldmakeitthroughthosedifficulttimes.Asthesayinggoes,onegood______35______deservesanother.21.A.job B.family C.business D.savings22.A.giving B.whispering C.gathering D.struggling23.A.assessed B.supported C.entrusted D.launched24.A.comments B.donations C.advertisements D.congratulations25.A.regret B.cry C.fall D.complain26.A.generous B.independent C.responsible D.respectful27.A.prepare B.consider C.see D.promise28.A.cheap B.free C.tasty D.healthy29.A.melt B.pounded C.raced D.sank30.A.peaceful B.deserted C.odd D.orderly31.A.promote B.rescue C.decorate D.close32.A.getthrough B.gothrough C.turnto D.adaptto33.A.nearly B.equally C.slightly D.simply34.A.appreciate B.admit C.reward D.spread35.A.choice B.moral C.turn D.principle〖答案〗21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.C28.B29.D30.B31.D32.A33.B34.A35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了卡茲·曼南是一家餐館的老板，他以給任何人提供食物而出名，無論他們是否付得起飯錢。由于疫情導(dǎo)致的經(jīng)濟危機，他失去了生意。然后，當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)開始以最慷慨的方式給予他的故事。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于疫情導(dǎo)致的經(jīng)濟危機，他失去了生意。A.job工作；B.family家庭；C.business生意；D.savings儲蓄。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“foreconomiccrisis(危機)resultingfromtheepidemic.”可推知，此處為由于疫情導(dǎo)致的經(jīng)濟危機，他失去了生意。故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)開始以最慷慨的方式給予。A.giving給予；B.whispering竊竊私語；C.gathering聚集；D.struggling斗爭。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“inthemostgenerousway.”可推知，此處為當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)開始以最慷慨的方式給予。故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：自從一位老顧客在網(wǎng)上為他的餐廳發(fā)起活動以來，曼南已經(jīng)從710多人那里收到了超過331,430美元的捐款。A.assessed評價；B.supported支持；C.entrusted委托；D.launched發(fā)動，發(fā)起。根據(jù)下文“Mannanhasreceivedover$331,430frommorethan710people.”可推知，此處為自從一位老顧客在網(wǎng)上為他的餐廳發(fā)起活動以來，曼南已經(jīng)從710多人那里收到了超過331,430美元的捐款。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：捐款源源不斷。A.comments評論；B.donations捐款；C.advertisements廣告；D.congratulations祝賀。根據(jù)上文“Mannanhasreceivedover$331,430frommorethan710people.”可知，此處指的是捐款。故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我過去常說，不要讓任何人摔倒，把他們扶起來。A.regret后悔；B.cry哭泣；C.fall摔倒；D.complain抱怨，投訴。根據(jù)句意以及下文“andpickthemup”可知，此處為不要讓任何人摔倒，把他們扶起來。故選C項?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：謝謝你們，慷慨的人們。A.generous慷慨的；B.independent獨立的；C.responsible負責(zé)的；D.respectful尊敬的。根據(jù)上文“inthemostgenerousway.”以及“Ihavetearsinmyeyes...tearsofjoy.”可推知，此處為謝謝你們，慷慨的人們。故選A項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從源源不斷的捐款來看，曼南是一個慷慨的人。A.prepare準(zhǔn)備；B.consider認為；C.see看；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“Mannanasthegenerousone.”可推知，此處為從源源不斷的捐款來看，曼南是一個慷慨的人。故選C項?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個月前，他每天為有需要的人提供80份免費餐點。A.cheap便宜的；B.free免費的；C.tasty