2021屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題闖關(guān)導(dǎo)練50分閱讀理解提分練三含解析

50分閱讀理解提分練(三)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A[2020·深圳市高三第二次檢測(cè)]FoodsoftheFutureWeaskedyoungscientiststowriteanadvertisementthatanswersthisquestion:Howwillfoodoptions,foodavailability,andindividuals'foodchoiceschangeinthefuture?Aselectionoftheirsuggestedmarketingcampaignsarepresentedbelow.ReadpreviousNextGenVoicessurveyresultsathttps：///collection/nextgen-voices.—JenniferSillsPersonalizedMealPlansSendusyourDNA,andwewillpredictyourfoodpreference!Receiveyourpersonalizedfoodbasket,withadailydietprogram.Wewillsendyoufullmealsandpersonalizedsmoothies(奶昔)basedonyourgenetictastetendency.AdaGabrielaBlidnerTwitter：@adagbbFreshFruitIfyoumissfreshandsweetfruits,welcometoourMoonFarm.OurfruittreesareplantedinhybridsoilandartificialairthatreproducetheEarth'senvironmentfrom5,000yearsago.PickfruitswithyourfamilyorchoosetohavethemshippedtoyourdoorstepwithMoonEx.Freshnessisguaranteed.YongshengJiEmail：jiyongshengkey@hotmail.comMeatOursteaksaresourcedfromnaturalgrasslands,wherecattlenowfilltheecologicalroles.WithFoodFootprintfeedingsystem,weenhancenaturalgrazing(放牧)toimproveanimalgrowtheffectivelywhileminimizingmethaneproductionandwaterconsumption.Atonly$219.00/kg(includingcarbontaxesandecologicaltaxes),oursteaksareaffordableforthewholefamily.FalkoBuschkeEmail：falko.buschke@1．Whichofthefollowingneedsyoutoprovidetheinformationofyourgenes?A．Meat.B．FreshFruit.C．NextGenVoices.D．PersonalizedMealPlans.2．Whoshouldyoucontactifyouwanttohavefunwithyourfamily?A．JenniferSills.B．YongshengJi.C．FalkoBuschke.D．AdaGabrielaBlidner.3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesteaksinMeat?A．Fresh.B．Green.C．Expensive.D．Personalized.B[2020·鄭州市高中畢業(yè)年級(jí)第二次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)]EverymorningIwalkoutsideandbringthemorningnewspaperin.Therewasatimewheneveryhouseonbothsidesofthestreethadanewspaperinthedriveway.Therewasalsoatimewheneveryhousehadalandlinetelephone,butnotanymore.Notforalongtime.Myhusbandislesswillingtoacceptthedownwardtrendofprintednewspapers,ashehasworkedinnewspaperssincetheageof16.Evenbeforethat,hewaswhatyouwouldcallan“independentpublisher”．Recently,wewereataChicagoparkwithourgrandchildren.Myhusbandhadanewspaperfoldedunderhisarm.Hesatdownandputthepaperonthebenchbesidehim.Ayounggirlwalkedover,lookedatthenewspaper,pickeditupandasked,“What'sthis？”Ithoughthewasgoingtofallover.Thecolorfadedfromhisface.Hiseyesrolledbackinhisheadandhis_legs_were_giving_out.Irolleduphispaperandwaveditunderhisnose.Thesmellsfromtheinkwokehimup.Somepeoplesimplylovepapers—thefeel,theportability,andthepleasureofpilingthemhigherandhigheruntiltheirwifecries,“Enough！”Myhusbandwashappywhenhespenttimewithouryoungestdaughterandherhusband.Whentheylivedwithus,theyracedtopullthecrosswordpuzzlefromthepapereveryday.Butit'shardtodoacrosswordonline.NowmyhusbandwillbeveryexcitedthatIhavefoundfurtherproofthattheremaystillbehopeforthesurvivalofprintednewspapers.Iwaschattingwithayoungmotherwhosubscribestothedailynewspaper.Iaskedwhyshedidsomethingsoconservative.Shelookedshocked.“Becauseit'sprinted！”shesaid.“Ilovetheprinted!Whenthepaperdidn'tcomeoneday,wouldyoubelieveIcalledtoletthemknowandtheladysaid,‘Whydon'tyoujustsubscribetotheonlineversion？’”Sheshookherheadindisbelief.Myhusbandwillbesothrilledthathemightwritethisyoungwomanintohiswill.Isayweleaveherallourpilesofoldnewspapers.4．Howdidtheauthor'shusbandfeelwhenagirlaskedaquestioninthepark?A．Shocked.B．Thrilled.C．Disappointed.D．Confused.5．Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanbysaying“hislegsweregivingout”？A．Hewasfeelingtiredandneededarest.B．Hewasveryoldandunabletostandlong.C．Healmostlosthisbalanceandbecameunconscious.D．Hewasannoyedwiththegirlandplayedatrickonher.6．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotelluswiththeexampleoftheyoungmother?A．Manyyoungpeoplefollowanold-fashionedlifestyle.B．It'sinconvenientfortheoldtoreadonlinenewspapers.C．There'restillyoungpeoplewholoveprintednewspapers.D．Printednewspaperswillbereplacedbyonlinenewspapers.7．Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthepassage?A．Thenewriseofdigitalnewspapers.B．Aman'severlastingloveforprintednewspapers.C．Thepleasureoflookingthroughdailynewspapers.D．Afamily'smemoryofreadingprintednewspapers.C[2020·濰坊、淄博、東營(yíng)市高三第一學(xué)期期末考試]Aswereflectontheevolutionoffitnessoverthecenturies,andtheemergenceofawell-organizedandgrowing“fitness”marketandindustry,itiswelltoaskourselves:whathavewelost,andwhathavewegained?Obviously,muchgoodhascomeoutoftheserecentdevelopments:there'swidespreadawarenessoftheimportanceofregularexercise,nearlyeverycommunityhasagymorfitnessclubwherepeoplecangoorpaytoworkout,andweunderstandmoreabouthowthehumanbodyworks.Yetdespitethemanyhealthandfitnessmethods,programs,andresources,thegeneralpopulationhasneverbeensophysicallysedentary(久坐的)andout-of-shape.ArecentWorldHealthOrganizationreportindicatesthatlifeexpectancy(壽命)intheU．S.droppedforthefirsttimesince1993.Thehealthofmodernpeopleisdeclining,despitehighlyadvancedmedicaltechnologiesandtheboominghealthandfitnessindustry.Howcouldthatbe?Alargepartofitismotivation.Peoplearesimplynotasmotivatedtomovetheirbodyandgethealthyastheywereinthepast.Weliveinasocietywheretheinabilitytooperateone'sbodyinapracticalandeffectivemannerisnolongeranembarrassingcondition.Thefitnessindustry,nomatterhowgoodeachnewprogramclaimstobe,hasfailedtogetthemajorityofpeopletovalue,practice,andenjoyphysicalexercise.So,shouldweexpecttheanswertothisdilemmatocomefromevenmorevaried,ormoretechnologicallyadvancedprogramsandequipment?Orwillthesolutioncomefromadifferentmindset,asimplerapproachandpractice,andoverallanewculture?8．WhatdoestheauthortellusaboutfitnessindustryinParagraph2?A．Itprovidesbettertechnology.B．Itissupportedbymostpeople.C．Itbringsaboutpositiveeffects.D．Itcostspeopletoomuchmoney.9．Whatisthemainreasonwhypeoplefailtodophysicalexercise?A．Notenoughequipment.B．Lackofinnerdrive.C．Misguidedinstructions.D．Embarrassinglivingconditions.10．Whatdoestheauthorseemtoagreewith?A．Changeattitudestofitness.B．Relyonstandardpractice.C．Seekmorepotentialcustomers.D．Turntomoreadvancedprograms.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．LostinFitnessB．MisunderstandingaboutFitnessC．EvolutionofFitnessD．ImportanceofFitnessD[2020·成都市高三第一次診斷性檢測(cè)]“Mauka,maukakaua,Makai,makaikaua.”SosingthechildrenatakindergartenontheIslandofHawaii.Thesongismuchlike“RainRainGoAway”nurseryrhyme,butithasunusualpower:itisoneofthetoolsthathaverevivedanear-deadlanguage.ThedeclineofHawaiianwasnot,asisthecasewithmostdisappearinglanguages,anaturaldeathcausedbymigration(遷徙)andmassmedia.In1896,afterAmericanbusinessinterestsendedtheHawaiianoriginalpoliticalsystem,schoolswerebannedfromusingit.Bythelate20thcentury,apartfromacoupleofhundredpeopleononetinyisland,EnglishhadreplacedHawaiianandonlytheoldspokeittoeachother.Thecivilrightsmovementbroughtarevivalofinterestamongtheyoung,centredintheUniversityofHawaiiatHilo.LarryKimura,aprofessorthere,thoughtthatthelanguageshouldn'tbeonlyasubjectatcollege;heandhisstudentswantedtobringitbacktolife.TheideaforhowtodothatcamefromaMaori,whosuggested“l(fā)anguagenests”，whichhadsuccessfullyrevivedNewZealand'snativelanguage.In1985,wheneducatingchildreninHawaiianwasstillbanned,KauanoeKamanaandherhusbandPilaWilson,bothstudentsofKimura's,createdthefirst“l(fā)anguagenest”atHilo.Neitherwasanativespeaker,butbothweredeterminedtobringuptheirchildrenassuch.Theygatheredasmallgroupofchildren,includingtheirownsonanddaughter,andelderlynativespeakers.Themovementgrew:therearenow12kindergartensand23schoolsinvolved.ThenumberofchildrenbeingeducatedinHawaiianhasrisenfrom1,877in2008to3,028in2018.AlongwithJapanese,Hawaiianisthenon-Englishlanguagemostcommonlyspokenamongchildren.12．WhatmakesthedeclineofHawaiiandifferentfromotherdisappearinglanguages?A．Thenumberofitsusers.B．Thelanguagefeaturesitbears.C．People'sunwillingnesstouseit.D．Theunfairtreatmentitreceived.13．WhathasbeendonetosaveHawaiian?A．Moreschoolshavebeensetup.B．Morepeoplearepersuadedtostay.C．MorechildrenareexposedtoHawaiian.D．ThegovernmentpromotestheuseofHawaiian.14．HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutthepresentsituationofHawaiian?A．Relieved.B．Curious.C．Anxious.D．Doubtful.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheRevivalofHawaiianB．TheFutureofHawaiianC．TheHistoryofHawaiianD．TheDevelopmentofHawaiian第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。[2020·福州市高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測(cè)]Noonehasyetprovedaconnectionbetweennapping(小睡)andprofessionalsuccess,butaninterestingstudypublishedthisweekclaimstofindalinkbetweenthedaytimenapandgoodhealth.Dr.AndronikiNaskaandDr.DimitriosTrichopoulosfromHarvard'sSchoolofPublicHealthfollowedover23,000Greekpatientsforanaverageofsixyears.__16__Thestudyfoundthatthegroupofadultswhotooka30-minutenapatleastthreetimesaweekhadathirdfewerdeathsfromheartdiseasethananequivalentgroupwhodidnotsleepatallduringtheday.__17__Itwasalsogreaterforworkingmalesthanforthosewhohadretired.However,anumberofpreviousstudiesdoneintheMediterranean,wherenapsremaincommon,havecomeupwithconflictingresults,butDr.NaskaandDr.Trichopoulosarguethatthosestudieshaveoftenbeenflawed(有缺陷的).__18__Theymayhavebenefitedmorefromnappingthanhealthyindividualsdo.GiventhatallofthesubjectsofthisnewstudywereGreeks,couldthemuchcelebratedMediterraneandietdeservescreditratherthanthenaps?__19__Andheisinagoodpositiontosayso,foritwashewhodidthepioneeringresearchthatputoliveoilandaplant-baseddietonthescientificmapinthefirstplace.__20__TheearlierfindingsaboutthebenefitsoftheMediterraneandietareconfirmed,hesays,andnappingseemstohelpontopofthat.A．ThefirmanswerfromDr.Trichopoulosis“No”．B．Thebenefitwasgreaterformenthanforwomen.C．Theirconclusion:nappingjustmightsaveyourlife.D．Somestudieshaveshownthatdietisrelevanttonaps.E．Forexample,thesubjectsinsomehadsurvivedheartattacks.F．Thosewithheartattacksarealsolesslikelytotakenapsduringtheday.G．Hisstudywascontrolledfordiet,smoking,exerciseandotherrelevantfactors.50分閱讀理解提分練(三)閱讀理解第一節(jié)A語(yǔ)篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——廣告——未來(lái)的食物[文章大意]本文主要介紹了青年科學(xué)家建議的幾個(gè)有關(guān)食物選擇、食物供應(yīng)和個(gè)人的食物選擇在未來(lái)發(fā)生的變化方面的營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)。1．答案與解析：D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)PersonalizedMealPlans部分中的第一句“SendusyourDNA,andwewillpredictyourfoodpreference！”及最后一句“Wewillsendyoufullmealsandpersonalizedsmoothies(奶昔)basedonyourgenetictastetendency.”可知，PersonalizedMealPlans需要你提供你的基因信息。故選D。2．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)FreshFruit部分中的第三句“Pickfruitswithyourfamily”可知，在FreshFruit你可以和家人一起摘水果，并結(jié)合該部分中的“YongshengJi”可知，如果你想和家人玩得開(kāi)心，你應(yīng)該和YongshengJi聯(lián)系。故選B。3．答案與解析：B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)Meat部分中的第一句“Oursteaksaresourcedfromnaturalgrasslands”及第二句中的“weenhancenaturalgrazing(放牧)toimproveanimalgrowtheffectivelywhileminimizingmethaneproductionandwaterconsumption.”可知，該部分描述的牛排來(lái)自天然草場(chǎng)，并且該部分表述加強(qiáng)自然放牧以有效地促進(jìn)動(dòng)物生長(zhǎng)，同時(shí)最大限度地減少甲烷的產(chǎn)生和水的消耗，由此可推知，該部分描述的牛排是環(huán)保的。故選B。green在此意為“環(huán)保的”。B語(yǔ)篇類型：記敘文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自我——個(gè)人經(jīng)歷——對(duì)紙質(zhì)報(bào)的熱愛(ài)[文章大意]本文主要講述了作者的丈夫?qū)τ诩堎|(zhì)報(bào)的熱愛(ài)。4．答案與解析：A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ithoughthewasgoingtofallover.Thecolorfadedfromhisface.Hiseyesrolledbackinhisheadandhislegsweregivingout.”可以推斷，當(dāng)作者的丈夫在公園里聽(tīng)到這個(gè)女孩的提問(wèn)時(shí)，他感到很震驚，故選A。5．答案與解析：C考查句意理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ithoughthewasgoingtofallover.Thecolorfadedfromhisface.Hiseyesrolledbackinhishead”和“Thesmellsfromtheinkwokehimup.”可知，畫線句意在說(shuō)明作者的丈夫當(dāng)時(shí)的感受，即震驚到幾乎暈倒的狀態(tài)，故C項(xiàng)正確。6．答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第六段中的“NowmyhusbandwillbeveryexcitedthatIhavefoundfurtherproofthattheremaystillbehopeforthesurvivalofprintednewspapers.”可以推斷，作者舉這個(gè)年輕媽媽的例子是為了說(shuō)明仍然有年輕人喜歡紙質(zhì)報(bào)，故選C。7．答案與解析：B考查主旨大意。通過(guò)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，作者的丈夫從16歲起就開(kāi)始從事報(bào)紙方面的工作；文章接著主要通過(guò)三件事(作者的丈夫?qū)σ粋€(gè)女孩不知道什么是紙質(zhì)報(bào)感到震驚；小女兒和女婿爭(zhēng)做紙質(zhì)報(bào)上的縱橫填字游戲時(shí)，丈夫很高興；作者找到更多的證據(jù)證明紙質(zhì)報(bào)仍然有生存下去的希望時(shí)，他會(huì)很興奮)講述了作者的丈夫?qū)τ诩堎|(zhì)報(bào)的永恒的熱愛(ài)，故選B。C語(yǔ)篇類型：議論文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——健康產(chǎn)業(yè)——在健身中迷失[文章大意]文章主要介紹了健身行業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，但是人們的健康狀況卻在下降的現(xiàn)象，從而提出要改變?nèi)藗兊乃季S。8．答案與解析：C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第二段“Obviously,muchgoodhascomeoutoftheserecentdevelopments:there'swidespreadawarenessoftheimportanceofregularexercise,nearlyeverycommunityhasagymorfitnessclubwherepeoplecangoorpaytoworkout,andweunderstandmoreabouthowthehumanbodyworks.”句意：顯然，這些最新的發(fā)展帶來(lái)了很多好處：人們普遍認(rèn)識(shí)到定期鍛煉的重要性，幾乎每個(gè)社區(qū)都有一個(gè)健身房或健身俱樂(lè)部，人們可以去那里鍛煉或花錢鍛煉，我們對(duì)人體的運(yùn)作方式有了更多的了解。該題問(wèn)的是作者在第二段告訴我們健身行業(yè)的什么。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，健身行業(yè)帶來(lái)了積極的影響。故選C。9．答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第四段第二、三句“Alargepartofitismotivation.Peoplearesimplynotasmotivatedtomovetheirbodyandgethealthyastheywereinthepast.”句意：其中很大一部分是動(dòng)機(jī)。人們不再像過(guò)去那樣有動(dòng)力去鍛煉身體，獲得健康。該題問(wèn)的是人們不鍛煉身體的主要原因是什么，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，人們不鍛煉身體的主要原因是缺乏內(nèi)在動(dòng)力。故選B。10．答案與解析：A考查推理判斷。最后一段最后一句“Orwillthesolutioncomefromadifferentmindset,asimplerapproachandpractice,andoverallanewculture？”句意：或者，解決方案是否來(lái)自不同的思維方式、更簡(jiǎn)單的方法和實(shí)踐，以及全新的文化？該題問(wèn)的是作者可能同意什么，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推知，作者認(rèn)為要改變對(duì)健身的態(tài)度。故選A。11．答案與解析：A考查標(biāo)題概括。第一段“Aswereflectontheevolutionoffitnessoverthecenturies,andtheemergenceofawell-o