【英語(yǔ)】山東省部分學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期4月聯(lián)合調(diào)考試題(解析版)

山東省部分學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期4月聯(lián)合調(diào)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouareparents,we’dliketotellyouthatwhenyoutrustkids,theylearntotrustthemselves.Sosince1989,we’veofferedsummerdaycampswherekidschoosetheirownadventuresthrougharangeofactivities.Itoffersasafe,judgment-freeenvironmentforkidstohavefun.Theycanbethemselves,exploretheirpassions,andfindasenseofmeaningintheiractivities,whichishardtofindelsewhere.TicketsWeofferauniquelyflexiblecampmodelthatparentslove.YoucanpurchaseasmanyDayPassesasyou’dlike,orgetaSummerPass,whichisgoodfortheentireseason.Noweeklyreservationsarerequired.Justshowupandwe’llbereadyforyou!Andbecauseweknowyou’rebusyandthatyourschedulesmaychange,we’llautomaticallyrefundallunusedDayPassesandunderusedSummerPassesbymid-September.ServicesWecan’tpretendtoknowwhatyourschedulelookslike,soweofferindustry-leadingopeninghourswithnoextracharge.Everysingleoneofourcampsisopenfrom8amuntil6pm,andyoucandropofforpickupatanytimeinthewindow.Andgetreadyforasummerwithoutpackinglunches!Lunchesandsnacksareincludeddaily.LocationsWehaveover40locationsacrosstheUS,withcamplocationsinSanFrancisco,LosAngeles,Irvine,Seattle,Portland,Denver,Chicago,NewYork,NewJersey,Boston,WashingtonDC,Virginia,Austin,MinneapolisandAtlanta.Andyourcamppassesaregoodateverysinglelocation.Dates&PricesOurdatesrangefromtheearlyJunetothelateAugust,dependingonyourcamplocation.Pleaseseeourwebpageforyourlocaldates&prices.1.Whatisthepurposeofthecamps?A.Tohelpkidsenjoythemselves.B.Toteachkidstoorganizeactivities.C.Toteachkidstotrusttheirparents.D.Tohelpkidsknowtheirparents’passions.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheticketsofthecamps?A.TheyareforuseinSeptember.B.Theyareavailableintwotypes.C.Theadultonesneedtobereservedweekly.D.Theunusedonescanberefundedatanytime.3.Whichofthefollowingdothecampsoffer?A.Threefreemealsperday. B.Onlinepriceenquiry.C.Toursto40citiesintheUS. D.A24-hourtransportationservice.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一個(gè)夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)，包括票務(wù)、服務(wù)、位置、價(jià)格等?！敬鸢浮?.A2.B3.B【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Sosince1989,we’veofferedsummerdaycampswherekidschoosetheirownadventuresthrougharangeofactivities.Itoffersasafe,judgment-freeenvironmentforkidstohavefun.Theycanbethemselves,exploretheirpassions,andfindasenseofmeaningintheiractivities,whichishardtofindelsewhere.(因此，自1989年以來(lái)，我們提供夏令營(yíng)，讓孩子們通過(guò)一系列活動(dòng)選擇自己的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷。它為孩子們提供了一個(gè)安全、不受評(píng)判的玩耍環(huán)境。他們可以做自己，探索自己的激情，在自己的活動(dòng)中找到意義，這在其他地方很難找到)”可知，夏令營(yíng)的目的是讓兒童可以盡情玩耍。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tickets部分的“YoucanpurchaseasmanyDayPassesasyou’dlike,orgetaSummerPass,whichisgoodfortheentireseason.(你可以購(gòu)買(mǎi)任意數(shù)量的日間通票，也可以購(gòu)買(mǎi)夏季通票，夏季通票適用于整個(gè)季節(jié))”可知，夏令營(yíng)有兩種形式的票：日間票和夏季通票。故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dates&Prices部分中“Pleaseseeourwebpageforyourlocaldates&prices.(請(qǐng)參閱我們的網(wǎng)頁(yè)了解您當(dāng)?shù)厝掌诤蛢r(jià)格)”可知，夏令營(yíng)提供網(wǎng)上價(jià)格查詢(xún)服務(wù)。故選B。BWhatwillyoudowhenyoufeellikeafailure?Feelinglikeafailureispartofthehumanexperiences.Treatyourselfwithkindnessandunderstandthatfailuredoesnotdefineyou,butitisasteppingstoneonyourjourney.Whenyou’reready,takeactionandchallengeyourself.Assomefriendsweredeeplylostintheworldofyogaandmindfulness,I’vepersonallystruggledwiththefeelingoffailure,notontheyogamat,butontheroadtomyentrepreneurship(創(chuàng)業(yè)).ItallbeganseveralyearsagowhenIthrewmyselfintothebusiness,drivenbymypassionandadream.Intheearlydays,optimismflowedfreely,butfinancialstrugglesandsleeplessnightssoonfollowed.Iquestionedmydecisionandfeltlikethebiggestfailure.However,everydifficultybecameasteppingstonetowardsgrowth.Ilearnedmorefrommyfailuresthanfrommysuccesses,adaptingandgrowingstrongerwitheachobstacle.Ireachedouttoinstructors,friendsandfamily,soughtadviceandslowlysawarayofhope.OnedefiningmomentcamewhenIgainedmyfirstlong-termcoachingpartnership.Itwasabreakthrough,andmyhardworkpaidoff.Overtheyears,Ifacedmanymorefailures,butIrefusedtoletthemdefineme.Today,lookingbackatmyjourney,Irealizethatmomentsoffeelinglikeafailurewereessentialtomysuccess.Theytaughtmehumility,perseveranceandthevalueofhardwork.TheyshapedmeintoasuccessfulentrepreneurIamtoday—someonewhodoesn’tfearfailurebutembracesitasanecessarypartofthepathtosuccess.Asweapproachtheendoftheyearofgraduation,rememberthatsuccessisnotaboutavoidingfailure,butabouthowweriseafterwefall.Let’ssupporteachotheronthisjourneycalledlife.Staypositive,stayinspiredandstaytruetoourselves.4.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Togivethedefinitionoffailure.B.Tolistsomeexamplesoffailure.C.Tointroducethetopicofthestory.D.Tostresstheimportanceofexperience.5.Whatmadetheauthorstartabusiness?A.Internalmotivation. B.Advicefromacoach.C.Familyfinancialcrisis. D.Encouragementfromfriends.6.Whatcanbeconcludedfromtheauthor’sentrepreneurialexperience?A.Toteachistolearn.B.Awordspokenispastrecalling.C.Constantdroppingwearsawayastone.D.Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Inspireuswithhislessons.B.Persuadeustomajorinbusiness.C.Recallthekeymomentsofhisentrepreneurship.D.Advocateavoidingobstaclesonthewaytosuccess.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過(guò)作者創(chuàng)業(yè)的經(jīng)歷告訴讀者，不要讓失敗定義自己，而是要從中學(xué)習(xí)，然后站起來(lái)迎接挑戰(zhàn)?！敬鸢浮?.C5.A6.C7.A【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whatwillyoudowhenyoufeellikeafailure?Feelinglikeafailureispartofthehumanexperiences.Treatyourselfwithkindnessandunderstandthatfailuredoesnotdefineyou,butitisasteppingstoneonyourjourney.Whenyou’reready,takeactionandchallengeyourself.(當(dāng)你覺(jué)得自己很失敗時(shí)，你會(huì)怎么做?感覺(jué)失敗是人類(lèi)經(jīng)歷的一部分。善待自己，要明白失敗并不能定義你，但它是你人生旅途上的一塊墊腳石。當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備好了，采取行動(dòng)，挑戰(zhàn)自己)”并結(jié)合下文作者陳述自己從創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷中明白失敗是不可避免的，要從失敗中學(xué)習(xí)，積極地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)推知，第一段的作用是引出故事的主題。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ItallbeganseveralyearsagowhenIthrewmyselfintothebusiness,drivenbymypassionandadream.(這一切都始于幾年前，在我的激情和夢(mèng)想的驅(qū)使下，我全身心地投入了這個(gè)行業(yè))”可知，作者創(chuàng)業(yè)是因?yàn)榧で楹蛪?mèng)想，即內(nèi)驅(qū)力。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Intheearlydays,optimismflowedfreely,butfinancialstrugglesandsleeplessnightssoonfollowed.Iquestionedmydecisionandfeltlikethebiggestfailure.However,everydifficultybecameasteppingstonetowardsgrowth.Ilearnedmorefrommyfailuresthanfrommysuccesses,adaptingandgrowingstrongerwitheachobstacle.Ireachedouttoinstructors,friendsandfamily,soughtadviceandslowlysawarayofhope.OnedefiningmomentcamewhenIgainedmyfirstlong-termcoachingpartnership.Itwasabreakthrough,andmyhardworkpaidoff.(在最初的日子里，樂(lè)觀(guān)情緒隨處可見(jiàn)，但很快就出現(xiàn)了財(cái)務(wù)困難和不眠之夜。我質(zhì)疑自己的決定，覺(jué)得自己是最大的失敗。然而，每一個(gè)困難都成為成長(zhǎng)的墊腳石。我從失敗中學(xué)到的比從成功中學(xué)到的要多，在每一個(gè)障礙中適應(yīng)并變得更強(qiáng)大。我向老師、朋友和家人求助，尋求建議，慢慢地看到了一線(xiàn)希望。一個(gè)決定性的時(shí)刻是我獲得了第一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的教練合作伙伴關(guān)系。這是一個(gè)突破，我的努力得到了回報(bào))”可知，作者從一次次失敗中學(xué)習(xí)，最終獲得了一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期合作伙伴，努力得到了回報(bào)。由此推知，我們可以從作者的創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷中了解到“滴水穿石”的道理。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Today,lookingbackatmyjourney,Irealizethatmomentsoffeelinglikeafailurewereessentialtomysuccess.Theytaughtmehumility,perseveranceandthevalueofhardwork.TheyshapedmeintoasuccessfulentrepreneurIamtoday—someonewhodoesn’tfearfailurebutembracesitasanecessarypartofthepathtosuccess.Asweapproachtheendoftheyearofgraduation,rememberthatsuccessisnotaboutavoidingfailure,butabouthowweriseafterwefall.Let’ssupporteachotheronthisjourneycalledlife.Staypositive,stayinspiredandstaytruetoourselves.(今天，回顧我的人生歷程，我意識(shí)到那些感覺(jué)失敗的時(shí)刻對(duì)我的成功至關(guān)重要。他們教會(huì)了我謙卑、毅力和努力工作的價(jià)值。他們把我塑造成了今天這樣一個(gè)成功的企業(yè)家——一個(gè)不害怕失敗，而是把失敗視為通往成功之路的必要組成部分的人。在我們即將畢業(yè)之際，請(qǐng)記住，成功不在于避免失敗，而在于我們?nèi)绾卧谑『笳酒饋?lái)。讓我們?cè)谶@段叫做生活的旅程中互相支持。保持積極，保持靈感，做真實(shí)的自己)”推知，作者用自己創(chuàng)業(yè)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)來(lái)激勵(lì)讀者。故選A。CHistoricalaccountsoftendescribedthenow-extinctCaliforniagrizzlybearsashugebeastsreadytoattackhumansandlivestockatanytime.Butaccordingtoanewpaper,scientistssaythetruthmighthavebeenlessdramatic:Thebearsateamostlyvegetariandietandweresmallerthanpreviouslydescribed.CaliforniagrizzlybearsonceroamedintheGoldenState.ButEuropeansettlersoftenhunted,poisonedandtrappedthecreatures.Overtime,becauseofthesehumanactivities,theCaliforniagrizzlypopulationdeclined.ThelastreliablesightingofaCaliforniagrizzlybearoccurred100yearsagoin1924,andtheanimalsdisappearedcompletelysometimeafterthat.Researcherswantedtogetabetterunderstandingofthefactorsthatacceleratedthebears’extinction.Theyalsohopedtogainmoreinsightintothecreatures’behavior,sizeanddiet.Todoso,theyturnedtodocumentsandCaliforniagrizzlyspecimensinnaturalhistorycollections.Theymeasuredtheanimals’skullsandteethandanalyzedtheirbonesandpelts.TheresearchersfoundthatCaliforniagrizzlybearsweremuchsmallerthanthe2,000poundsoftenreportedatthetime.Historicalaccountsmightnotnecessarilyhavebeenwrong,buttheymighthaveonlyincludedthelargestbears.Inaddition,analysesoftheanimals’bonesandskinssuggestthebearswereprimarilyeatingplants,whichstandsincontrasttotheirfearsomehypercarnivorous(超級(jí)食肉的)reputation.“Thebearslikelyincreasedmeatconsumptionduetolandscapechangescoupledwiththearrivaloflivestock,”saysstudyco-authorAlexisMychajliw.However,researchersfoundtheanimalsstillateamajorityvegetariandietandkilledfarlesslivestockthanhistoricalaccountssuggested.Bydiggingbeyondthebears’reputation,theresearchersgainedamoreaccurateunderstandingoftheCaliforniagrizzly’sbiologyandnaturalhistory.Andsincescientistsandlandmanagersoftenrelyonhistoricalaccountswhenreintroducinganimalstotheirformerhabitats,thestudyservesasareminderthatthoseoldnewspapersandjournalsdonottellthewholestory.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“roamed”inparagraph1mean?A.Disappeared. B.Declined. C.Fought. D.Wandered.9.WhatdidtheresearchersdiscoveraboutCaliforniagrizzlybears?A.Theymainlyfedonlivestock.B.Theirdietconsistedmostlyofplants.C.Theyateabalanceddietofplantsandmeat.D.Theabsenceoflivestockchangedtheirdietaryhabit.10.Whatcanwelearnabouthistoricalaccountsofanimalsfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyareunique. B.Theyareone-sided.C.Theyareaccurate. D.Theyarecomprehensive.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThenaturalhabitatsofCaliforniagrizzlybears.B.TheextinctionprocessofCaliforniagrizzlybears.C.TherevealofthetruthofCaliforniagrizzlybears.D.ThesignificanceofthearrivalofCaliforniagrizzlybears.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹研究揭示了一些關(guān)于加州灰熊的真相——主要吃素食，比之前描述的要小，因此對(duì)動(dòng)物的歷史紀(jì)錄有可能是片面的，不完全的?！敬鸢浮?.D9.B10.B11.C【8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞下句“ButEuropeansettlersoftenhunted,poisonedandtrappedthecreatures.Overtime,becauseofthesehumanactivities,theCaliforniagrizzlypopulationdeclined.(但歐洲殖民者經(jīng)常獵殺、毒死和誘捕這些生物。隨著時(shí)間的推移，由于這些人類(lèi)活動(dòng)，加州灰熊的數(shù)量下降了)”可知，加州灰熊曾經(jīng)數(shù)量很多，隨處游蕩。由此猜測(cè)roamed意為“游蕩”，與wandered同義。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inaddition,analysesoftheanimals’bonesandskinssuggestthebearswereprimarilyeatingplants,whichstandsincontrasttotheirfearsomehypercarnivorous(超級(jí)食肉的)reputation.(此外，對(duì)動(dòng)物骨骼和皮膚的分析表明，熊主要以植物為食，這與它們可怕的超級(jí)食肉動(dòng)物的名聲形成了對(duì)比)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)灰熊主要以植物為食。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Bydiggingbeyondthebears’reputation,theresearchersgainedamoreaccurateunderstandingoftheCaliforniagrizzly’sbiologyandnaturalhistory.Andsincescientistsandlandmanagersoftenrelyonhistoricalaccountswhenreintroducinganimalstotheirformerhabitats,thestudyservesasareminderthatthoseoldnewspapersandjournalsdonottellthewholestory.(通過(guò)深入研究灰熊的名聲，研究人員對(duì)加州灰熊的生物學(xué)和自然歷史有了更準(zhǔn)確的了解。由于科學(xué)家和土地管理者在將動(dòng)物重新引入它們以前的棲息地時(shí)經(jīng)常依賴(lài)于歷史記錄，這項(xiàng)研究提醒人們，那些舊報(bào)紙和期刊并沒(méi)有講述整個(gè)故事)”推知，對(duì)動(dòng)物的歷史紀(jì)錄有可能是片面的，并不完整和準(zhǔn)確。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第一段中“Historicalaccountsoftendescribedthenow-extinctCaliforniagrizzlybearsashugebeastsreadytoattackhumansandlivestockatanytime.Butaccordingtoanewpaper,scientistssaythetruthmighthavebeenlessdramatic:Thebearsateamostlyvegetariandietandweresmallerthanpreviouslydescribed.(歷史記載經(jīng)常將現(xiàn)已滅絕的加利福尼亞灰熊描述為隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備攻擊人類(lèi)和牲畜的巨大野獸。但根據(jù)一篇新的論文，科學(xué)家們說(shuō)真相可能沒(méi)有那么戲劇性：這些熊主要吃素食，比之前描述的要小)”可知，文章主要介紹研究揭示了一些關(guān)于加州灰熊的真相——主要吃素食，比之前描述的要小。故選C。DUntilrecently,gravitationalwavescouldhavebeenthestuffofEinstein’simagination.Beforetheyweredetected,thesewavesinspacetimeexistedonlyinthephysicist’sgeneraltheoryofrelativity,asfarasscientistsknew.Now,researchersareonthehuntformorewaystodetectthewaves.“Thestudyofgravitationalwavesisbooming,”saysastrophysicistKaranJaniofVanderbiltUniversityinNashville.“Thisisjustremarkable.NofieldIcanthinkofinfundamentalphysicshasseenprogressthisfast.”Justaslightcomesinavarietyofwavelengths,sodogravitationalwaves.Differentwavelengthspointtodifferenttypesoforiginsoftheuniverseandrequiredifferentkindsofdetectors.Gravitationalwaveswithwavelengthsofafewthousandkilometers—likethosedetectedbytheUnitedStates,ItalyandJapan—comemostlyfrompairsofblackholes10orsotimesthemassofthesun,orfromcollisionsofdensecosmicblockscalledneutronstars(中子星).Thesedetectorscouldalsospotwavesfromcertaintypesofexplodingstarsandrapidlymovingneutronstars.Incontrast,hugewavesthatspanlight-yearsarethoughttobecreatedbyorbitingpairsofbiggerblackholeswithmassesbillionsoftimesthatofthesun.InJune,scientistsreportedthefirststrongevidenceofthesetypesofwavesbyturningtheentiregalaxy(星系)intoadetector,watchinghowthewavesmakeslightchangestothetimingofregularblinksfromneutronstarsthroughouttheMilkyWay.Physicistsnowhopetodiveintoavast,cosmicoceanofgravitationalwavesofallsortsofsizes.Thesewavescouldrevealnewdetailsaboutthesecretlivesofexoticobjectssuchasblackholesandunknownpartsoftheuniverse.PhysicistJasonHoganofStanfordUniversitythinkstherearestillalotofgapsinthecoverageofwavelengths.“Butitmakessensetocoverallthebases.Whoknowswhatelsewemayfind?”hesays.Thesearchforcapturingthefullcomplementoftheuniverse’sgravitationalwavesexactlycouldtakeobservatoriesoutintothemoon,totheatomicareaandelsewhere.12.WhatdoesKaranJanithinkofthecurrentstudyongravitationalwaves?A.Itisrapidandpioneering.B.Itisslowbutsteadilyincreasing.C.Itisinterruptedduetolimiteddetectors.D.Itisprogressingasfastasanyotherfield.13.Whatdothedetectedgravitationalwavesmostlyindicate?A.Thecreationofdifferentkindsofdetectors.B.Collisionsofplanetsoutsidethesolarsystem.C.Thepresenceoflightindifferentwavelengths.D.Activitiesinvolvingblackholesandneutronstars.14.Howdidscientistsmanagetofindhugewaves’evidence?A.Byanalyzingsunlight.B.Bylocatingthenewgalaxy.C.Byusingthewholegalaxyasatool.D.Byobservingthesun’sregularmovement.15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefuturestudyaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.It’llexcludetheatomicfield.B.It’llfocusexactlyonthemappingofthegalaxy.C.It’llrequireprioritizingcertainwavelengthsonthemoon.D.It’llexplorepotentialplacestodetectgravitationalwaves.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了對(duì)引力波相關(guān)研究的快速發(fā)展，以及對(duì)引力波研究時(shí)的發(fā)現(xiàn)，和該研究的重要意義?！敬鸢浮?2.A13.D14.C15.D【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中““Thestudyofgravitationalwavesisbooming,”saysastrophysicistKaranJaniofVanderbiltUniversityinNashville.“Thisisjustremarkable.NofieldIcanthinkofinfundamentalphysicshasseenprogressthisfast.”(“對(duì)引力波的研究正在蓬勃發(fā)展，”納什維爾范德比爾特大學(xué)的天體物理學(xué)家KaranJani說(shuō)?！斑@太了不起了。在基礎(chǔ)物理學(xué)中，我想不出有哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)步如此之快?！?”可知，KaranJani認(rèn)為最近的引力波的研究是快速且具有開(kāi)拓性的。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Gravitationalwaveswithwavelengthsofafewthousandkilometers—likethosedetectedbytheUnitedStates,ItalyandJapan—comemostlyfrompairsofblackholes10orsotimesthemassofthesun,orfromcollisionsofdensecosmicblockscalledneutronstars(中子星).(波長(zhǎng)為幾千公里的引力波——就像美國(guó)、意大利和日本探測(cè)到的那樣——主要來(lái)自一對(duì)質(zhì)量為太陽(yáng)10倍左右的黑洞，或者來(lái)自被稱(chēng)為中子星的致密宇宙塊的碰撞)”可知，探測(cè)到的引力波主要表明黑洞和中子星的相關(guān)活動(dòng)。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“InJune,scientistsreportedthefirststrongevidenceofthesetypesofwavesbyturningtheentiregalaxy(星系)intoadetector,watchinghowthewavesmakeslightchangestothetimingofregularblinksfromneutronstarsthroughouttheMilkyWay.(今年6月，科學(xué)家們通過(guò)將整個(gè)星系變成一個(gè)探測(cè)器，觀(guān)察這些波如何對(duì)整個(gè)銀河系中子星定期眨眼的時(shí)間產(chǎn)生細(xì)微變化，報(bào)告了這些波的第一個(gè)有力證據(jù))”可知，科學(xué)家通過(guò)將整個(gè)星系變?yōu)樘綔y(cè)器來(lái)尋找巨大波存在的證據(jù)。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“PhysicistJasonHoganofStanfordUniversitythinkstherearestillalotofgapsinthecoverageofwavelengths.“Butitmakessensetocoverallthebases.Whoknowswhatelsewemayfind?”hesays.Thesearchforcapturingthefullcomplementoftheuniverse’sgravitationalwavesexactlycouldtakeobservatoriesoutintothemoon,totheatomicareaandelsewhere.(斯坦福大學(xué)的物理學(xué)家杰森·霍根認(rèn)為，在波長(zhǎng)的覆蓋范圍上還有很多空白?！暗采w所有基礎(chǔ)是有意義的。誰(shuí)知道我們還會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)什么?”他說(shuō)。為了準(zhǔn)確捕捉到宇宙引力波的全部?jī)?nèi)容，天文臺(tái)可以進(jìn)入月球、原子區(qū)域和其他地方)”可知，在波長(zhǎng)覆蓋的范圍上還有很多空白，且覆蓋所有基礎(chǔ)是有意義的。由此推知，未來(lái)的研究將探索可能探測(cè)到引力波的地方。故選D。第二節(jié)(共9小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ShopSustainablyIfyouhavetonameonethingthatcontributesmosttoyourecologicalfootprints,youmaysaytheenergyyouuseathome,oryourcar’semissions.___16___Knowingthiscanmakeyourgroceryshopsmoreplanet-friendly.Hereiswhatyoucandotohelpshopsustainably.●___17___Usingthoseisagreatfirststep.Ifyougetsome,doremembertofillthemwithyourpurchases.Whenyouadaptyourselftoreusingthem,thenyou’llcutyourconsumptionofsingle-useplasticbagsevenfurther.●Avoidunnecessarypacking.Buyloosefruitandvegetablesinsteadofpre-packagedproduce,andavoidproductsthatcontainmultiplesinglepackagesordoublepackaging,likegraininaboxandabag.Considerswitchingfromteabagsandcoffeepodstotealeavesandgroundcoffee.___18___●Goorganicwhenyoucan.Inadditiontothebenefitorganicfarminghastoinsectbiodiversity,it’salsoconsideredmoresustainableandbetterfortheenvironment.___19___Choosingfree-rangeorMarineStewardshipCouncil-certifiedproductsalsoencouragesenvironment-andanimal-friendlyfoodproduction.●Buyseasonalandnativeproducts.___20___Soyoucanavoidbuyinggoodsthathavetravelledlongdistancestoreachyourplate.Aswellasoptingforlocalgoods,dependingonwhereyoulive,inthesupermarket,youcanalsobuydirectlyfromthesourceatfarmers’markets.A.Takereusablegrocerybags.B.Selectsingle-useplasticbags.C.Itsupportslocalfarmersandfoodproducers.D.Youcanalsorefillyourowncontainerswithloose-packedfood.E.Whenbuyingorganicproducts,lookforthoseofficiallycertified.F.Butit’swhatweeatthataccountsforupto60%ofourpersonaldemand.G.You’llfinditconvenientwheneveryoubuyteaorcoffeeinthesupermarket.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹如何在購(gòu)物時(shí)做出更可持續(xù)和環(huán)保的選擇，從而減少對(duì)環(huán)境的影響?！敬鸢浮?6.F17.A18.D19.E20.C【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Ifyouhavetonameonethingthatcontributesmosttoyourecologicalfootprints,youmaysaytheenergyyouuseathome,oryourcar’semissions.(如果你必須說(shuō)出一個(gè)對(duì)你的生態(tài)足跡貢獻(xiàn)最大的東西，你可能會(huì)說(shuō)你在家使用的能源，或者你汽車(chē)的排放)”以及后文“Knowingthiscanmakeyourgroceryshopsmoreplanet-friendly.Hereiswhatyoucandotohelpshopsustainably.(了解這一點(diǎn)可以讓你的雜貨店對(duì)地球更友好。以下是你可以做的事情來(lái)幫助可持續(xù)購(gòu)物)”可知，后文提到“了解這一點(diǎn)”，前文沒(méi)有提到，所以應(yīng)是空處提及，且和雜貨店有關(guān)，所以F項(xiàng)“Butit’swhatweeatthataccountsforupto60%ofourpersonaldemand.(但我們吃的東西占了我們個(gè)人需求的60%)”符合文意，和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，并且提出一個(gè)和雜貨店有關(guān)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】分析設(shè)空，位于段首，為本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Usingthoseisagreatfirststep.Ifyougetsome,doremembertofillthemwithyourpurchases.Whenyouadaptyourselftoreusingthem,thenyou’llcutyourconsumptionofsingle-useplasticbagsevenfurther.(使用這些工具是很好的第一步。如果你買(mǎi)了一些，記得把你買(mǎi)的東西填滿(mǎn)。當(dāng)你習(xí)慣重復(fù)使用它們時(shí)，你就會(huì)進(jìn)一步減少一次性塑料袋的消耗)”可知，此處講述的使用可重復(fù)使用的購(gòu)物袋，所以A項(xiàng)“Takereusablegrocerybags.(使用可重復(fù)使用的購(gòu)物袋)”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】分析設(shè)空，位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Avoidunnecessarypacking.Buyloosefruitandvegetablesinsteadofpre-packagedproduce,andavoidproductsthatcontainmultiplesinglepackagesordoublepackaging,likegraininaboxandabag.Considerswitchingfromteabagsandcoffeepodstotealeavesandgroundcoffee.(避免不必要的包裝。購(gòu)買(mǎi)散裝的水果和蔬菜，而不是預(yù)先包裝好的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，避免含有多個(gè)單包裝或雙包裝的產(chǎn)品，如盒子和袋子中的谷物?？紤]把茶包和咖啡豆莢換成茶葉和咖啡粉)”可知，本段主要講述與減少包裝、環(huán)保購(gòu)物相關(guān)的建議，所以D項(xiàng)“Youcanalsorefillyourowncontainerswithloose-packedfood.(你也可以用自己的容器重新裝滿(mǎn)散裝食品)”符合文意，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Goorganicwhenyoucan.Inadditiontothebenefitorganicfarminghastoinsectbiodiversity,it’salsoconsideredmoresustainableandbetterfortheenvironment.(盡可能食用有機(jī)食品。除了有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)生物多樣性的好處外，它還被認(rèn)為更具可持續(xù)性，對(duì)環(huán)境更好)”可知，本段主要講述了盡可能食用有機(jī)食品，所以E項(xiàng)“Whenbuyingorganicproducts,lookforthoseofficiallycertified.(購(gòu)買(mǎi)有機(jī)產(chǎn)品時(shí)，尋找那些官方認(rèn)證的產(chǎn)品)”符合本段主題，且和下文“Choosingfree-rangeorMarineStewardshipCouncil-certifiedproductsalsoencouragesenvironment-andanimal-friendlyfoodproduction.(選擇自由放養(yǎng)或海洋管理委員會(huì)認(rèn)證的產(chǎn)品也鼓勵(lì)環(huán)境和動(dòng)物友好的食品生產(chǎn))”構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Buyseasonalandnativeproducts.(購(gòu)買(mǎi)時(shí)令產(chǎn)品和土特產(chǎn))”以及后文“Soyoucanavoidbuyinggoodsthathavetravelledlongdistancestoreachyourplate.(這樣你就可以避免購(gòu)買(mǎi)經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)途跋涉才到達(dá)你盤(pán)子里的食物)”可知，C項(xiàng)“Itsupportslocalfarmersandfoodproducers.(它支持當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民和食品生產(chǎn)商)”是對(duì)前句的進(jìn)一步解釋?zhuān)液秃笪臉?gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共19小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwaschattingwithHenry,acolleagueofmine,abouthowIwasstrugglingwithmyshrinkingsocialcircle.Atthatmoment,Irealizedjusthowlonelyand___21___Ihadstartedtofeel.He___22___somethingunexpected.Hehadjoinedasocialrugbyclub,and___23___thatitwasjustwhatIneeded.Seeinghisdeterminedlook,onsecondthought,I___24___togoalongforatrainingsometime.WhenIfinallygottomyfirsttrainingsession,itwasoverwhelming.Iwasmilesoutsidemy___25___zone,with100-meterdashesandpassingdrills.IfeltsowornoutthatIwasafraidIcouldn’tgoon.Theteamandcoacheswere___26___,though.Bitbybit,Ifounditeasierto___27___myanxietyandturnuptotraining.Therewassomething___28___aboutbeingaroundabunchofpeople.Evenwhenexercisingintherain,weallstillmanagedtowinandhavefun.Wefacedtoughlossesand___29___hard-foughtvictoriestogether.Icurrentlyhaveanetworkof___30___IcancallonwhenImovehouse.Packingupandfindinganewplaceusedtoputmeinavortex(旋渦)of___31___.However,Ihave15teammateshappytohelpmenow.Theydon’texpectanythinginreturn,andarethere___32___tobesupportive.IknowIcanalways___33___onthemforanything.Throughtheclub,I’vefittedintoacrewofpeoplewhosupportme,onandoffthe___34___.Ifyou’reinthesamesituationlikeme,giveitashottojoinaclub,whichwillhelpyoufacethe___35___inahealthyway.21.A.innocent B.anxious C.forgetful D.dangerous22.A.recommended B.stopped C.allowed D.admitted23.A.suspected B.regretted C.confirmed D.joked24.A.revealed B.rejected C.remembered D.resolved25.A.time B.trade C.comfort D.security26.A.patient B.popular C.disappointed D.disciplined27.A.referto B.putaside C.missout D.pickup28.A.awesome B.awkward C.unfortunate D.unwelcome29.A.assessed B.overlooked C.selected D.claimed30.A.volunteers B.friends C.stations D.branches31.A.joy B.excitement C.worry D.abuse32.A.purely B.temporarily C.unwillingly D.scarcely33.A.cheat B.count C.feed D.pass34.A.subject B.island C.board D.court35.A.unemployment B.opponent C.trouble D.punishment【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在同事的建議下加入了一個(gè)社交橄欖球俱樂(lè)部，從而獲得了很多好朋友，擺脫了社交圈變小的焦慮和孤獨(dú)?！敬鸢浮?1.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.A27.B28.A29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.C【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一刻，我意識(shí)到我開(kāi)始感到多么孤獨(dú)和焦慮。A.innocent無(wú)辜的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.forgetful健忘的；D.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)后文“myanxiety”可知，作者感到孤獨(dú)和焦慮。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他推薦了一些意想不到的東西。A.recommended推薦；B.stopped停止；C.allowed允許；D.admitted承認(rèn)。根據(jù)后文“Hehadjoinedasocialrugbyclub,and_____thatitwasjustwhatIneeded.”可知，朋友向作者推薦了俱樂(lè)部。故選A。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他加入了一個(gè)社交橄欖球俱樂(lè)部，并證實(shí)這正是我所需要的。A.suspected懷疑；B.regretted后悔；C.confirmed確認(rèn)；D.joked開(kāi)玩笑。根據(jù)后文“thatitwasjustwhatIneeded”及“Seeinghisdeterminedlook”以及后文作者享受加入俱樂(lè)部，可知證實(shí)了這正是作者所需要的。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：看到他堅(jiān)定的表情，我轉(zhuǎn)念一想，決定找個(gè)時(shí)間去參加訓(xùn)練。A.revealed揭露；B.rejected拒絕；C.remembered記得；D.resolved決定。根據(jù)后文“WhenIfinallygottomyfirsttrainingsession,itwasoverwhelming.(當(dāng)我終于進(jìn)入第一堂訓(xùn)練課的時(shí)候，我感到不知所措)”可知，作者決定找個(gè)時(shí)間去參加訓(xùn)練。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)離了自己的舒適區(qū)，要進(jìn)行百米沖刺和傳球訓(xùn)練。A.time時(shí)間；B.trade貿(mào)易；C.comfort安慰，舒適；D.security安全。根據(jù)上文“itwasoverwhelming”可知，加入俱樂(lè)部讓作者離開(kāi)了自己的舒適區(qū)（comfortzone），故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不過(guò)，球隊(duì)和教練都很有耐心。A.patient耐心的；B.popular受歡迎的；C.disappointed失望的；D.disciplined訓(xùn)練有素的。根據(jù)上文“IfeltsowornoutthatIwasafraidIcouldn’tgoon.(我感到非常疲憊，我擔(dān)心我不能繼續(xù)下去了)”以及though表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明作者感到力不從心，不過(guò)，球隊(duì)和教練都很有耐心。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：漸漸地，我發(fā)現(xiàn)把焦慮放在一邊去參加訓(xùn)練變得更容易了。A.referto參考；B.putaside不考慮，將……放在一邊；C.missout錯(cuò)過(guò)；D.pickup撿起來(lái)。根據(jù)后文“turnuptotraining”可知，作者開(kāi)始把焦慮放在一邊去參加訓(xùn)練。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：和一群人在一起是一件很棒的事。A.awesome非常棒的；B.awkward尷尬的；C.unfortunate不幸的；D.unwelcome不受歡迎的。根據(jù)后文“Evenwhenexercisingintherain,weallstillmanagedtowinandhavefun.(即使在雨中鍛煉，我們也都贏了，玩得很開(kāi)心)”可知，作者覺(jué)得和一群人在一起是一件很棒的事。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們共同面對(duì)沉重的損失，也共同爭(zhēng)取來(lái)之不易的勝利。A.assessed評(píng)估；B.overlooked忽視；C.selected選擇；D.claimed贏得，獲得。根據(jù)后文“hard-foughtvictories”指贏得勝利，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞claim。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我現(xiàn)在有一個(gè)朋友網(wǎng)，我搬家的時(shí)候可以打電話(huà)給他們。A.volunteers志愿者；B.friends朋友；C.stations車(chē)站；D.branches分支。根據(jù)后文“However,Ihave15teammateshappytohelpmenow.(然而，我現(xiàn)在有15個(gè)隊(duì)友樂(lè)于幫助我)”可知，作者有了很多朋友。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：收拾行裝，找個(gè)新地方過(guò)去常常讓我陷入焦慮的漩渦。A.joy歡樂(lè)；B.excitement激動(dòng)；C.worry擔(dān)心，焦慮；D.abuse虐待。根據(jù)上文“Packingupandfindinganewplaceusedtoputmeinavortexof”以及后文however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明收拾行裝，找個(gè)新地方過(guò)去常常讓作者陷入焦慮的漩渦。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不期望任何回報(bào)，純粹是為了支持。A.purely僅僅；B.temporarily暫時(shí)地；C.unwillingly不情愿地；D.scarcely勉強(qiáng)。根據(jù)上文“Theydon’texpectanythinginreturn”可知，隊(duì)友不期望任何回報(bào)，純粹是為了支持。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我在任何事情上都可以依靠他們。A.cheat欺騙；B.count依靠；C.feed喂養(yǎng)；D.pass通過(guò)。根據(jù)后文“onthemforanything”指依靠隊(duì)友，應(yīng)用counton。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)俱樂(lè)部，我融入了一群在場(chǎng)內(nèi)外都支持我的人。A.subject主題；B.island島嶼；C.board甲板；D.court球場(chǎng)。根據(jù)上文“Hehadjoinedasocialrugbyclub”以及“onandoffthe”可知，此處指球場(chǎng)內(nèi)外，應(yīng)用onandoffthecourt。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你和我有同樣的情況，試著加入一個(gè)俱樂(lè)部，這將幫助你以一種健康的方式面對(duì)麻煩。A.unemployment失業(yè)；B.opponent對(duì)手；C.trouble麻煩；D.punishment懲罰。根據(jù)第一句“IwaschattingwithHenry,a