2022年廣東省梅州興寧市高一下學期期中段考英語試題

廣東省梅州興寧市2021-2022學年高一下學期期中段考英語試題第一部分聽力（滿分20分）第一節(jié)（1-4題每題1分，共4分）聽下面4段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillMarydo?A.Gofishing.B.Walkadog.C.CareforMr.Smith.2.HowdoesJaneprobablylooknow?A.Surprised.B.Upset.C.Bored.3.WhydoesSusancalltheman?A.Toaskforafavor.B.Toknowhisplans.C.Tothankhim.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Helen'sbirthdaygifts.B.Helen'sbirthdayparty.C.Helen'sbirthdayguests.第二節(jié)(5-9題每題1分，共5分）聽下面對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從所聽到的內(nèi)容中獲取信息,回答相應小題。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。5.Wherewillthewomanprefertoliveinthenearfuture?A.Inthecity.B.Inthecountryside.C.Somewherenearthecity.6.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Colleagues.C.Husbandandwife.聽第6段材料，回答第7至9題7.WhatdoesLindausuallyhaveforbreakfastnow?A.Somebreadandacupofcoffee.B.Somebreadandaglassofjuice.C.Ahamsandwichandacupofmilk.8.WhereisLindastudyingnow?A.InItaly.B.IntheUS.C.InAustralia.9.Whatwillthespeakerstalkaboutnext?A.Italianfood.B.Localrestaurants.C.Waystostayhealthy.第三節(jié)角色扮演（1-3題每題2分，4-8題每題1分，共11分）角色：你是Mary。任務：（1）與Tom談論有關友誼的話題；（2）根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容回答問題。1.Nowpleaseaskthespeakerthreequestions.1：你和你最好的朋友有相似的愛好嗎？Q:1）___________________________________________________________2：你們是怎么維持關系的？Q:2）__________________________________________________________3：你最好的朋友對你來說有多重要？Q:3）___________________________________________________________Nowpleasegetreadytoanswerfivequestions.Q1:Listentoquestion1.A1:Hemetthem4).__________________________.Q2:Listentoquestion2:A2:Hewill5)._____________________.Q3:Listentoquestion3:A3:Helikes6)__________________.Q4:Listentoquestion4:A4:Theyusuallymeet7)._________________________.Q5:Listentoquestion5:A5:Hefeels8).___________________________.第二部分閱讀理解（滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AGermanyisfamousforitshistoryandculture,anditalsohassomeofEurope’smostwildandwonderfulscenery.Herearefourparksworthvisiting.TheBliesgauBiosphereThisplaceishometoalmosthalfofallGermanflowerspecies.Thegrasslandsrunformiles,drawingindifferentbutterflies.Thankstoitsgreatclimate,thisisanareaofsustainabledevelopment.Infact,thisparkisanexampleoffarmingdonerightandoffersawealthofagriculturalknow-howtoanyoneeagertolearn.BerchtesgadennatureparkBerchtesgadenisoneofGermany’soldestandmostbeautifulconservationareas.Pathsgoinandoutoftheforest,leadingyoualongthebanksofglassylakes.Themoreadventurousvisitorsmaychooseparagliding(滑翔傘運動).Backontheground,anetworkofmorethan150milesofwalkingpathsgoesthroughtheforest.SouthernBlackForestnatureparkThehighlandareas,withviewsoverSwitzerlandandFrance,areagoodplaceforfood-lovers.Activitiesintheparkrangefromhikingandfishingtomountainbiking,whiletheslowertravelerswillenjoythepathstogetawayfromeverydaylife.JasmundnatureparkItliesonthewestcoastoftheoffshoreislandofRugen.ThisprotectedsiteisthesmallestofGermany’snationalpark.ItisherethatpainterCasparDavidFriedrichfoundhimselfinspiredtocreateoneofhismasterpieces,ChalkCliffsonRigen,in1818.HerelongpathscantakeyouallthewaytotheRugencoastline,wherewhite-sandbeachesandbluewaterswaitforyou.21.Wherecanvisitorsknowoffarmingmethods?TheBliesgauBiosphere. B.Berchtesgadennaturepark.C.SouthernBlackForestnaturepark. D.Jasmundnaturepark.22.WhatdoJasmundnatureparkandBerchtesgadennatureparkhaveincommon?Theybothhavedifferentflowers.Theybothofferbeautifulgrasslands.Theybothhavelongpaths.Theyaregoodfortravelerstofish.23.Wherecanthistextcomefrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Anessay. C.Ashortstory. D.Areport.BAsspringarrives,farmersaroundtheworldaremakingdecisionsaboutwhatcropstoplantandhowtomanagethem.IntheU.S.,farmerstypicallyhavebigdatatohelpmakethesedecisions.Thesedatahaveaclearupside.Theymakefarmsmoreproductive.IntheU.S.,thepastfiveyearshaveseenaseriesofgoodharvestsforbothcornandsoybean.Abigpartisgeneratedbyeffectivelyusingdatatoproducemorefoodfromthesameamountofland,seedandfertilizer.Inthepoorerpartsoftheworld,however,thepictureismuchdifferent.Manyfarmersareguidedonlybytheirhistorywiththelandandtheircommunity'straditions.Theirskillsandknowledgeareimpressive,buttheysufferfromapovertyofdata.Theyrelyontechnicaladvisorsforadvicefromgovernmentsandacademiccenterswhooftenhaveverylittleknowledgeofthelocalarea.Forseedsandfertilizersandothermaterialsusedinthefield,theyrelyoncompaniesthatlackdataonhowtheirproductswillperforminthelocalconditions.About10yearsago,EastAfricanofficialsandtheirdevelopmentpartnersstartedtoexplorewhysofewsmallholderdairyfarmersmadeprofitsfromgrowingdemandfromurbanconsumers.Surveysoffarmersintheregionsuggestedpooraccesstoveterinary(禽畜的)careandbreedingassistance.Anefforttoprovidetheseserviceshashelpedfarmersgetmoremilk.Datawouldmatterlittleiffarmingwaseasyandthepathstoproductivitywereobvious.Butinreality,agricultureisacomplexmixofmanyfactors,includingclimate,biology,chemistry,physics,economicsandculture—allofwhichvaryfromregiontoregion.Inthissituation,gooddataisnecessary.24.HowhasbigdatabenefitedAmerican'sfarmers?A.Byinformingthefarmerstoplantcropsearlier. B.Byhelpingmakefarmsmoreproductive.C.Byincreasingtheamountoflandforfarming. D.Byproducingmoreseedsandfertilizer.25.Whatdofarmersinpoorcountriesneedtoimprovetheirfarming?A.Farmingskills. B.Technicalguidance.C.Bigdata. D.Farmingmaterials26.WhydoesthewritermentionthecaseofEastAfrica?A.ToshowthatEastAfricareliesheavilyondiaryfarming.BToillustratecooperationbetweencountrieswasagreatsuccess.C.Toserveasanexampleofhowdatahelpsfarmersinpoorareas.D.ToprovethatcitypeopleinEastAfricadidn'tlikedrinkingmilk.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Manychangeablefactorshaveinfluenceonfarming.B.EastAfricandairyfarmerswereexperiencedinraisingcows.C.TheAmericanfarmerscan'tdecidewhattheywillplant.D.Thetechnicaladvisorsinpoorareasknowthelocalareaswell.CWhenkidsmeltdowninthemiddleofacrowdedstoreorataholidaydinnerwithextendedfamily,itcanbeextremelyfrustrating.Butparentscanhelpkidslearnself-controlandteachthemhowtorespondwithoutjustactingonimpulse(沖動).Teachingself-controlisoneofthemostimportantthingsthatparentscandofortheirkidsbecausetheseskillsaresomeofthemostimportantforsuccesslaterinlife.Bylearningself-control,kidscanmakeappropriatedecisionsandrespondtostressfulsituationsinwaysthatcanyieldpositiveoutcomes.Forexample,ifyousaythatyou’renotservingicecreamuntilafterdinner,yourchildmaycry,plead,orevenscreaminthehopesthatyouwillgivein.Butwithself-control,yourchildcanunderstandthatatempertantrum(發(fā)牌氣)meansyou’lltakeawaytheicecreamforgoodandthatit’swisertowaitpatiently.Difficultasitmaybe,resisttheurgetoyellwhenyou’rediscipliningyourkids.Instead,bepersistentandmatteroffact.Duringachild’smeltdown,staycalmandexplainthatyelling,throwingatantrum,andslammingdoorsareunacceptablebehaviorsthathaveconsequences.Youractionswillshowthattantrumswon’tgetkidstheupperhand.Forexample,ifyourchildgets,upsetinthegrocerystoreafteryou’veexplainedwhyyouwon’tbuycandy,don’tgivein–thusdemonstratingthatthetantrumwasbothunacceptableandineffective.Also,considerspeakingtoyourchild’steachersaboutclassroomsettingsandappropriatebehaviorexpectations.Askifproblem-solvingistaughtordemonstratedinschool.Andmodelgoodself-controlyourself.Ifyou’reinanannoyedsituationinfrontofyourkids,tellthemwhyyou’refrustratedandthendiscusspotentialsolutionstotheproblem.Forexample,ifyou’vemisplacedyourkeys,insteadofgettingupset,tellyourkidsthekeysaremissingandthensearchforthemtogether.Iftheydon’tturnup,takethenextconstructivestep.Showthatgoodemotionalcontrolandproblemsolvingarethewaystodealwithadifficultsituation.28.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Impulsiveresponsesleadtofrustration.B.Kids’meltingdownisacommonphenomenon.C.Parentsshouldhelpkidsmakedecisionsappropriately.D.Teachingkidsself-controlisamustfortheirfuturesuccess.29.Whatistheparents’bestattitudetowardsachild’smeltdown?A.Firmandfactual.B.Calmandtolerant.C.Cautiousandobjective.D.Annoyedanddisapproving.30.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedpartinparagraph3?A.Emotionaloutburstisunexpectedbehaviors.B.Kidsshouldn’tberesponsiblefortheirbehaviorsalone.C.Temperlosswon’tgivethekidsapositionofadvantage.D.Tantrumsareineffectiveininterpersonalcommunications.31.Whatmessageisconveyedinthelastparagraph?A.Slowandsteadywinstherace.B.Goodexampleisthebestsermon.C.Experienceisthemotherofwisdom.D.Successcomesfromthoroughself-control.DAtthepresenttime,theInternetisamajorpartofourlives.It'salwaysinourhandsorpockets.Whateverwearedoingissomehowlinked（連接）totheInternet.Westartfindingourconnectionsonlineaswell,whichisquiteimpressive.Wefindapersononasocialmediaplatform（社交媒體平臺），seewehaveasharedinterestandstartchatting！Onlinefriendshipsinthepastweredoubtedandnotconsideredreliablebecauseyoudidn'tknowwhowasbehindthescreen.Butnow,whenwecangoshoppingonline,clearbillsinonlinebanks,andvirtuallyattendschools,whycan'twefindsomerealfriendsonline?Withonlinefriends,thereareseveraladvantages.Whenwefindsomethingcatchyinsomeone-theveryfirstqualityofouronlinefriend,weonlythenencourageourselvestofindwaystotalktothem.Wecansharewiththemoureverydaythings,andwhat'sbetterthantextingourfriendsoursecrets？Wecanbepresenttogetherwiththemoninterestedforums（論壇）.Wecansharelooksjustthroughaclick.Andthebestpartisthatwecanshootthemarealquickmessagewheneverweneedtheirexpertadvice.Withallthesestrengthsofanonlinefriend,alsocomesomeweakpointswhichmakesomepeopleafraidtofindtheirfriendsonline.Somepeoplebelievethatthepersontheyaretalkingtoonthescreenisnotrealortryingtogetinformationabouttheirprivatelife.Theyfeeluncomfortablesharingandchattingwithapersonwhothey'venevermetinreallife.Anotherproblemthatcomesinthewayofonlinefriendsishangingout.Peoplecan'treallyhangoutwiththeironlinefriends.Theotherproblemismiscommunication,whichsometimesleadstotheendofafriendship.Despitealltheseproblems,onlinecompanyisaperfectformofrelationshipbetweentwoormore.Afterall,wewouldnoticetheseproblemsinanyotherkindofrelationshiporfriendship.Miscommunicationoratrustissueisalwayspresenteveninface-to-facecommunication.32.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.HowtheInternethaschangedourdailylife.B.whetherpeopleshouldmakeonlinefriends.C.Whyagoodfriendshipisdifficulttodevelop.D.Whatmademakingfriendsonlineareality.33.Whatmighttheunderlinedword“reliable"inparagraph2mean?A.Easy. B.Possible. C.Dependable. D.Lasting.34.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisview?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byexplaininggeneralrules. D.Byprovidingresearchresults.35.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsonlinefriendship?A.Doubtful. B.Neutral. C.Unclear. D.Supportive第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下列短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheSaharaDesertLocationFillingnearlyallofnorthernAfrica,theSaharaDesertmeasuresapproximately3,

000milesfromeasttowestandbetween800and1,

200milesfromnorthtosouth.

36

TheSaharaDesertisborderedinthewestbytheAtlanticOcean,inthenorthbytheAtlasMountainsandtheMediterraneanSea,intheeastbytheRedSea,andinthesouthbytheSahel.LandscapeTheSaharaDesertfeaturesiconicsanddune(沙丘)fields,whichcoverabout15percentoftheentiredesert’ssurfaceandlieprimarilyinthenorth-centralregion.

37

Afewexamplesincludecrescent(新月形的)dunes,lineardunes,transversedunesandstardunes.Thesedunes,withtheirvariousforms,raisemanyquestionsaboutthedynamicsoftheirformation.Water

38

Itsage-oldriversaretheNileandtheNiger.TheNilerisessouthoftheSaharaandemptiesintotheMediterranean.TheNigerrisessouthwestoftheSaharaandflowsnortheastwardintoMali.

39

ItistheexpansivebutshallowLakeChad,abodyofwaterthatliesatthesouthernmostedgeoftheSahara.Otherlakesholdasaltystewofundrinkablewater.ClimateAcrosstheSaharaDesert,theannualaveragerainfallequalsnomorethanafewinchesorfewer.Inthesummer,daytimeairtemperaturesoftensoartoover100degreesFahrenheit,withthehottestairtemperaturemeteorologistshaveeverrecorded—136degrees—occurringatELAzizia,Libya,onSeptember13,1922.

40

Inthewinter,freezingtemperaturesmayoccurinthenorthernSaharaDesert,andmildertemperaturesacrossthesouthernSaharaDesert.Snowmayfalloccasionallyinsomeofthehighermountainrangesandrarely,onthedesertfloor.A.Norainatallmayfallforseveralmoreyears.B.Ithasatotalareaofsome3,320,000squaremiles.C.Thedunesusuallytakeonvariedandcomplexforms.D.Stardunesformunderwindsthatblowfromseveraldirections.E.TheSaharaDeserthassomelakes,butonlyonewithdrinkablewater.F.TheSaharaDeserthasonlytwopermanentriversandahandfuloflakes.G.Undertheclearskies,thetemperaturemayfall40degreesormoreduringanevening.第三部分語言知識應用（滿分45分）第一節(jié)完型填空(共15小題；每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhileIwaswaitingtoenteruniversity,Isawinanewspaperateachingjob___41___ataschoolabouttenmilesfromwhereIlived.Beingveryshortofmoneyandwantingtodosomething___42___Iapplied(申請).Andthen,Ibegantofearthatwithoutadegreeandwithno___43___ofteachingmychancesofgettingthejobwere___44___.However,threedayslater,aletterarrived,callingmetoCroydonforameetingwiththeheadmaster.Itprovedtobea___45___journey:atraintoCroydonstation,aten-minutebusrideandthenawalkofat___46___aquarterofamile.AsaresultIarrivedthere,feelingtoohottobenervous.Itwasclearlythe___47___himselfthatopenedthedoor.Hewasshortandround."Theschool,"hesaid,"ismadeupofone___48___oftwenty-fourboysbetweensevenandthirteen."Ishouldhavetoteachallthesubjectsexceptart,___49___hetaughthimself.Ishouldhavetodividetheclassintothreegroupsandteachtheminturnatthreedifferentplaces,andIwas___50___atthethoughtofteachingmaths—asubjectatwhichIwasn’tvery___51___atschool.Worseperhapswastheideaof___52___toteachthemonSaturdayafternoonbecausemostofmyfriendswouldbe___53___themselvesatthattime.BeforeIhadtimetoaskaboutmysalary,hegotuptohis___54___."Now"hesaid,you’dbettermeetmywife.Sheistheonewhoreally___55___thisschool.41.A.kept B.lost C.wanted D.found42.A.harmful B.useful C.funny D.secret43.A.material B.experience C.means D.books44.A.nice B.great C.slight D.helpful45.A.difficult B.pleasant C.comfortable D.short46.A.most B.least C.last D.first47.A.teacher B.door-keeper C.student D.headmaster48.A.group B.class C.dozen D.score49.A.which B.that C.what D.this50.A.excited B.angry C.glad D.disappointed51.A.poor B.interested C.weak D.good52.A.forcing B.having C.forgetting D.managing53.A.watching B.studying C.enjoying D.helping54.A.letter B.feet C.hands D.wife55.A.runs B.starts C.observes D.likes第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InancientChinathekitewasknownas“Zhiyuan”.____56____(original)regardedasatechnology,italsofeaturedinmanyartcollections,andwasconsideredtohaveuniqueartisticvalue.Itfirst____57____(appear)intheware(陶器)oftheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770BC—476BC).Accordingtohistoricalrecords,MoZispentthreeyears____58____(construct)awoodenkitewhichfailedafteroneday’sflight.OnebooknotedthatthemastercarpenterLuBanalsomadesomethat____59____(use)tospyonthesituationoftheenemy.Nowthebasicprocedureofmakingkitesremainsthesame,butstylesofkite-makingvaryindifferentregions.Theseinthe“WorldKiteCapital”ofWeifanginShandongProvincearewellknownfor____60___(they)craftsmanship,materials,painting,sculptureandflexibleflyingmovement.Oneofthesekites,____61____wasover300meterslong,wonfirstplaceintheInternationalKiteFestival____62___(hold)inItaly.Eventhisyear,____63___festivalisheldthereandisexpectedtodrawmanyfanswithapassionforflyingkites.____64____youareinterestedinflyingakite,youshouldchooseasunnyandwindydaysoyoucanenjoytheopenair,andtakecaretoavoidelectricwiresandcars.Andofcourse,apairofsunglassesmayproveusefulinprotectingyoureyes_____65_____brightsunshine.第四部分詞匯檢測（滿分20分）第一節(jié)根據(jù)首字母或所提供的中文寫出適合句義的單詞Therehavebeenmanytouristsc_________aboutthebadserviceandpoorenvironmentofthehotel.Withoutyourg__________help,Icouldn’thavegotthroughthetoughtimesthen.Itiss__________totakestepstostoptheriverfrombeingpolluted.Youshouldsetasidesometimetor_________yoursuccessesandfailures.Helpingothersisav________,anditwillmakeoursocietymoreharmonious.I’mina__________(進退兩難的境地)aboutthisjoboffer.Thefoodishotand______(辛辣的)Trytoadopta__________(積極的)attitudetowardslife.Inthewesterncountries,Voften_________(代表)victory.Thispicture_______(闡明)howwatercanbereusedandrecycled.第二節(jié)根據(jù)所提供的中文寫出正確的短語Youshould__________________(利用)theopportunitytojoinsportsteams.Thegirlpushedthestone_______________(竭盡全力)Thisisthehouse_____________(屬于)theoldman.Thepoorgirlcametothebigcityto__________________(謀出路).Theyjust____________(執(zhí)行)theorderastold.第五節(jié)：應用文寫作（滿分15分）假定你是李華，你的外教Mrs.Jones對中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中秋節(jié)很感興趣，她來信向你詢問“中秋節(jié)”及這個節(jié)日里的主要活動。請你給她寫一封回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.它是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一；2.家人團聚；賞月、吃月餅；3.還有旅游、訪友等其他活動。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．開頭已經(jīng)給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)。DearMrs.Jones，_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua高一下學期中段英語答案聽力第一、二節(jié)；每題1分，共9分1-4BBCA5-9BCABA第三節(jié)、角色扮演（1-3每題2分，4-8每題1分，共11分）1.Doyouandyourbestfriendhavesimilarhobbies?2.Howdoyoumaintainyourrelationship?3.Howimportantisyourbestfriendtoyou?4.ataclub5.takepartinsomecompetitions.6.musicandwriting7.onceayear.8.happyandrelaxed.閱讀(21-40每題2.5分共50分)21-23ACA24-27BCCA28-31DACB32-3532-35ACBD36-4036.BCFEG。完成填空（41-55每題2分共30分）41C42.B43.B44.C45.A46.B47.D48.B49.A50.D51.D52.B53.C54.B55.A語法填空【56~65題答案共15分】【答案】56.Originally57.appeared58.constructing59.wereused60.their61.which62.held63.the64.If65.from##against單詞拼寫答案（共10分）complaining2.generous3.significant4.reflect5.virtuedilemma7.spicy8.positive9.represents10.Illustrates短語答案（共10分）takeadvantageof/makeuseof2.withallhermight3.belongingto4.seekherfortune5.carriedout參考范文：（共15分）DearMrs.Jones,IammorethandelightedtolearnthatyoushowgreatinterestinChineseMid-AutumnFestival.NowI`mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutitindetail.TheMid-AutumnFestivalfallsonthe15thdayoftheeighthmonthofourChineselunarcalendar.AsoneoftraditionalChinesefestivals,ithasbeenenjoyinggreatpopularityforitscelebrationoffamilyreunion.Usually,nomatterhowfarawayorhowbusyweare,wewilltrytocomehomeforthefestival.Withthebeautifulmoonupinthesky,wesittogetherandeatmooncakesandfruits,sharingourstories.Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities,wehaveawiderrangeofchoicessuchastravelingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.I`mlookingforwardtoyourarrivalandjoiningmeinexperiencingittogether.Yours,LiHua【24~27題答案】【答案】24.B25.C26.C27.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。在美國，農(nóng)民通常有大數(shù)據(jù)幫助他們做出這些決定。這些數(shù)據(jù)有明顯的優(yōu)勢。它們提高了美國農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)力。但是在世界上較貧窮的地區(qū)，農(nóng)民卻缺乏大數(shù)據(jù)的支持來改善他們的農(nóng)業(yè)。文章以東非為例，說明了數(shù)據(jù)可以有效幫助貧困地區(qū)的農(nóng)民?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中IntheU.S.,farmerstypicallyhavebigdatatohelpmakethesedecisions.Thesedatahaveaclearupside.Theymakefarmsmoreproductive.可知在美國，農(nóng)民通常有大數(shù)據(jù)幫助他們做出這些決定。這些數(shù)據(jù)有明顯的優(yōu)勢。它們提高了農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)力。由此可知，大數(shù)據(jù)是通過幫助提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力來使美國農(nóng)民受益的。故選B。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Inthepoorerpartsoftheworld,however,thepictureismuchdifferent.Manyfarmersareguidedonlybytheirhistorywiththelandandtheircommunity'straditions.Theirskillsandknowledgeareimpressive,buttheysufferfromapovertyofdata.Theyrelyontechnicaladvisorsforadvicefromgovernmentsandacademiccenterswhooftenhaveverylittleknowledgeofthelocalarea.Forseedsandfertilizersandothermaterialsusedinthefield,theyrelyoncompaniesthatlackdataonhowtheirproductswillperforminthelocalconditions.可知然而，在世界上較貧窮的地區(qū)，情況卻大不相同。許多農(nóng)民僅以他們與土地的歷史和社區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)為指導。他們的技能和知識給人留下深刻印象，但他們卻苦于缺乏數(shù)據(jù)。他們依靠政府和學術中心的技術顧問提供建議，而這些顧問往往對當?shù)厍闆r了解甚少。對于種子、化肥和其他在田間使用的材料，他們依賴的是缺乏數(shù)據(jù)的公司，這些公司不知道他們的產(chǎn)品在當?shù)貤l件下的表現(xiàn)如何。由此可知，貧窮國家的農(nóng)民需要大數(shù)據(jù)來改善他們的農(nóng)業(yè)。故選C。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中About10yearsago,EastAfricanofficialsandtheirdevelopmentpartnersstartedtoexplorewhysofewsmallholderdairyfarmersmadeprofitsfromgrowingdemandfromurbanconsumers.Surveysoffarmersintheregionsuggestedpooraccesstoveterinary(禽畜的)careandbreedingassistance.Anefforttoprovidetheseserviceshashelpedfarmersgetmoremilk.可知大約10年前，東非官員及其發(fā)展伙伴開始探討為什么很少有小農(nóng)戶從城市消費者日益增長的需求中獲利。對該地區(qū)農(nóng)民的調查表明，他們很難獲得獸醫(yī)護理和繁殖援助。提供這些服務的努力幫助農(nóng)民獲得了更多的牛奶。由此可推知，作者提到東非的情況，是為了舉例說明數(shù)據(jù)是如何幫助貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)民的。故選C?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Butinreality,agricultureisacomplexmixofmanyfactors,includingclimate,biology,chemistry,physics,economicsandculture—allofwhichvaryfromregiontoregion.可知但實際上，農(nóng)業(yè)是許多因素的復雜組合，包括氣候、生物、化學、物理、經(jīng)濟和文化——所有這些因素都因地區(qū)而異。由此可知，許多可變因素對農(nóng)業(yè)有影響。故選A?！敬鸢浮?8.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要講了對孩子而言培養(yǎng)自控力的重要性以及身為家長應該怎么做?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段的主要內(nèi)容，尤其“Teachingself-controlisoneofthemostimportantthingsthatparentscandofortheirkidsbecausetheseskillsaresomeofthemostimportantforsuccesslaterinlife.”(教導自我控制是父母可以為孩子做的最重要的事情之一，因為這些技能對于以后的生活取得成功是最重要的)可知，本段主要講述自控力對于孩子來說會對他們未來的成功很重要，故選D。【29題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Instead,bepersistentandmatteroffact.Duringachild’smeltdown,staycalmandexplainthatyelling,throwingatantrum,andslammingdoorsareunacceptablebehaviorsthathaveconsequences.”(相反，要堅持不懈，實事求是。在孩子崩潰期間，保持冷靜并解釋大喊大叫、發(fā)脾氣和摔門是不可接受的行為，這些行為會產(chǎn)生后果)可知，家長需要堅持，持續(xù)不斷的教育孩子自控的重要性，此外，家長需要就事論事，從實際角度考慮，故選A?！?0題詳解】猜測句意題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Instead,bepersistentandmatteroffact.Duringachild’smeltdown,staycalmandexplainthatyelling,throwingatantrum,andslammingdoorsareunacceptablebehaviorsthathaveconsequences.”(相反，要堅持不懈，實事求是。在孩子崩潰期間，保持冷靜并解釋大喊大叫、發(fā)脾氣和摔門是不可接受的行為，這些行為會產(chǎn)生后果。)以及“ifyourchildgets,upsetinthegrocerystoreafteryou’veexplainedwhyyouwon'tbuycandy,don’tgivein–thusdemonstratingthatthetantrumwasbothunacceptableandineffective.”(例如，如果你的孩子在你解釋了你不買糖果的原因后在雜貨店生氣，不要屈服——這表明發(fā)脾氣既不可接受又無效)可知，我們想要孩子知道的是，發(fā)脾氣不被外人接受，也對你手頭的事情沒有任何的幫助。由此猜測，劃線句子意為“發(fā)脾氣對孩子沒有好處”。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Andmodelgoodself-controlyourself.”（塑造你自己的自控力）可知，這一段在講作為家長，我們也需要塑造自己的自控力，在孩子面前做好榜樣，即好榜樣是最好的說教。故選B。32-35ACBD七選五主題語境：人與自然——自然生態(tài)本文是說明文。文章主要就撒哈拉大沙漠的地理位置及其自然風貌等情況進行了介紹。36.B。根據(jù)該空前的theSaharaDesertmeasuresapproximately3,

000milesfromeasttowestandbetween800and1,

200milesfromnorthtosouth可知，作者在此通過具體的數(shù)字向讀者說明了撒哈拉大沙漠到底有多大。B項中的3,

320,

000squaremiles是對前面3,

000miles和between800and1,

200miles的進一步概述。37.C。根據(jù)該空后的Afewexamplesincludecrescentdunes,lineardunes,transversedunesandstardunes可知，這里是對C項中的variedandcomplexforms進行舉例說明。C項中的dunes與該空后的dunes為原詞復現(xiàn)。38.F。根據(jù)本段小標題Water和該段介紹的河流湖泊相關內(nèi)容可知，F(xiàn)項是本段的主題句。F項中的twopermanentrivers指代下文中的theNile和theNiger；F項中的ahandfuloflakes指代下文中的LakeChad及其它湖泊。39.E。E項內(nèi)容緊接上文對撒哈拉大沙漠中的湖泊進行了介紹，E項中的drinkablewater與下文中的undrinkablewater形成對比。40.G。根據(jù)該空前的Inthesummer,daytimeairtemperaturesoftensoartoover100degreesFahrenheit可知，在夏季，日間溫度經(jīng)常飆升到100華氏度以上。G項內(nèi)容接著介紹了夜間的氣溫情況，符合此處語境?！?1~55題答案】【答案】41C42.B43.B44.C45.A46.B47.D48.B49.A50.D51.D52.B53.C54.B55.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在進入大學之前，去應聘老師的工作，發(fā)現(xiàn)那所學校只有一個班級，除了校長沒有其他老師，應聘者需要教美術之外的所有科目，周六下午也要上課的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我等待進入大學的時候，我在報紙上看到一所離我住處大約十英里的學校招聘教師。A.kept保持；B.lost丟失；C.wanted想要，需要；D.found找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“Iapplied”（我申請了）可推斷，有人在報紙上刊登教師招聘廣告；分析句子成分可知，設空處是非謂語動詞修飾job，表示招聘用jobwanted來表示。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因為我非常缺錢，又想做一些有用的事情，我申請了（這份工作）。A.harmful有害的；B.useful有用的；C.funny滑稽的；D.secret秘密的。根據(jù)上文“WhileIwaswaitingtoenteruniversity,Isawinanewspaperateachingjob1at