2025屆新高考英語精準(zhǔn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)-定語從句

2025屆新高考英語精準(zhǔn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)

定語從句1.（2023·北京卷）Ninarecentlyfinishedheryear-longseriesofrunsinChicago,_______thousandswereattendingawaterconference.where2.（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies_____livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.that3.（2022·新高考卷）IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,_____wasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.who真題鏈接4.（2022·新高考卷）Davidhadabraindisease__________preventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.which/that5.（2022·浙江1月卷）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics_________arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.who/that6.（2022·浙江1月卷）Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allof_______werefromSweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.whom考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who、whom、whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句（1）who或whom均可指代人,who在從句中可作主語也可作賓語,whom在從句中只作賓語,兩者在引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí)?？捎胻hat替換。作主語時(shí),who/that不可省略;作賓語時(shí),whom/who/that可以省略，但跟在介詞后面作賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞不可省略。I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool（who/whom/that）ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.去年，我與幾個(gè)在英語演講比賽中結(jié)識(shí)的學(xué)生成了好朋友。Part-timeworkers,themajorityofwhomarewomen,aredoublydisadvantaged.兼職工作者多數(shù)為女性，處于雙重的不利條件下。（2）whose表示所屬關(guān)系,一般指人,也可指物,在從句中作定語。其指物時(shí)相當(dāng)于ofwhich,指人時(shí)相當(dāng)于ofwhom。（2022·全國乙卷）SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhose（=ofwhom）shoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.因此，對他們來說，搬到科羅拉多州的埃爾克海德去指導(dǎo)那些用繩子把鞋子綁在一起的孩子們是一件令人驚訝的事。2.that、which引導(dǎo)的定語從句（1）which指物,常在從句中作主語、賓語,作賓語時(shí)可以省略。that指人或物,常在從句中作主語、賓語、表語,作賓語時(shí)可以省略。（2）限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞只用that而不用which的情況:①先行詞為不定代詞anything、nothing、something、everything、all、some、none、little、few、theone等時(shí)。②先行詞為形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞,或先行詞前有形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。③先行詞被theonly、thevery、thelast、thesame、any、every、each、few、little、no、some、all等修飾時(shí)。④先行詞中既有表示人又有表示物的詞時(shí)。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.他們在桂林參觀的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。（3）關(guān)系代詞只用which而不用that的情況:①關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)。Theboywasawayfromhomeforaweek,whichworriedhisparentsverymuch.這個(gè)男孩離家一個(gè)星期了,這使他的父母很擔(dān)心。as引導(dǎo)的定語從句（1）as可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,常用于“such/thesame+先行詞+as...”結(jié)構(gòu)中。SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.像在我們車間使用的這種機(jī)器就是中國制造的。（2）as也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,補(bǔ)充說明整個(gè)句子,可放在主句之前、之中或之后。常用的表達(dá)有asthesayinggoes、asissaidabove、asismentionedabove、asoftenhappens、asisoftenthecase、asisreportedinthenewspaper等。（2022·全國乙卷）Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.果汁、以牛奶為原料的飲料和大多數(shù)酒精飲料是免稅的,每年產(chǎn)量不到100萬升的小公司也是免稅的。關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.where引導(dǎo)的定語從句where表示地點(diǎn),在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”。（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）Jaramillo'sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswhere（=inwhich）

freshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.2.when引導(dǎo)的定語從句when表示時(shí)間,在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語,相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”。（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）Itmightbethetimewhen（=duringwhich）youhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework...這可能是你幫助朋友做家庭作業(yè)的時(shí)候……3.why引導(dǎo)的定語從句

why表示原因,在定語從句中作原因狀語,相當(dāng)于“for+which”。（2023·北京卷）Rankings,however,areonlyonereasonwhy（=forwhich）alowvalueisplacedonteachinginhighereducation.然而，排名只是高等教育中對教學(xué)重視程度較低的一個(gè)原因。1.（2023·安徽六安示范高中聯(lián)考）Climatechangehasbecomeanundeniablereality.It'snotjustobviousinthepoles_______icecapsaremeltingatanalarmingpace,norisitanissueofthefuture:It'swhat'shappeningnowinourownbackyardshereinAsia.where2.Therewasatime______peoplemightfeelawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.3.Unlessyou'reill,there'snoreason_____youcan'tgetthose15minutesofwalkingindaily.4.Sanxingdui（三星堆）isbelievedtohavesatattheheartoftheShuState,_______historiansknowlittleaboutbecauseofthelackofwrittenrecords.whenwhywhich考點(diǎn)3“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.介詞和關(guān)系代詞的確定若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前,關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom,指物時(shí)用which。另外,whose也可以放在介詞后,即“介詞+whose+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。（2021·浙江1月卷）Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtocommunicate.黑猩猩會(huì)檢查自己是否得到了想要與之交流的動(dòng)物的關(guān)注。③根據(jù)所表達(dá)的意思來確定Iwasimpressedbyherpersistenceinherworkandscientificresearch,withoutwhichshecouldn'thavemadesuchremarkableachievements.她對工作和科學(xué)研究的堅(jiān)持給我留下了深刻的印象，沒有這種堅(jiān)持，她不可能取得如此卓越的成就。2.“of+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句在some、any、few、little、none、all、both、neither、many、most、each等代詞或數(shù)詞的前后表示整體與