新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）綜合教程4（智慧版） 課件 B4U3 The muse within music Reading 2

COLLEGEENGLISH新編大學(xué)英語第四版綜合教程4UnitThemusewithinmusic3NANJINGFORESTRYUNIVERSITYFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSReading2目錄contents新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadTextexploration

ReadandthinkReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateReading2目錄contents新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadReadandthinkTextexplorationReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateReading2Get

readytoreadJazzisamusicgenrethatoriginatedintheAfrican-AmericancommunitiesofNewOrleans,Louisiana,inthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.Jazzisaboutmakingsomethingfamiliarintosomethingfresh,andaboutmakingsomethingsharedintosomethingpersonal.Watchavideoclipaboutjazzandanswerthequestionswithinformationfromthevideoclip.新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3WatchforinformationReading2Get

readytoread新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Reading2Get

readytoread新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit31.Whyisimprovisationimportanttojazz?Itisoneofthe1)_______________ofthismusicgenre.2.Whataresomeoftheguidingprinciplesofimprovisation??2)________________withavailableresources.?Playingaroundwith3)___________.?Embellishing4)__________ofapiece.?Infusingwhatyouplaywithyour5)_________________________.definingfeaturesMakingupmusictherhythmthemelodyfeelinganduniquepersonalityReading2Get

readytoread新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit33.Howdoesimprovisationbenefitajazzband?

Itbuildsrelationshipsamongbandmembersandhelpsthemtotalkand6)______________________duringaperformance.4.Whathappenswhenabandimprovises??Whenthesoloistexperimentswiththemelodyandchangesthe

rhythm,thepieceofmusicbecomes7)________________________.?Byjoiningthesoloist,theband8)________withthe

melodyandprovidesarhythmicandharmonicfoundationexpresstheirpersonalitiesmorefunandmorepersonalinteractsReading2Get

readytoread新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Workingroupsanddiscussthequestions.1.Whatimpressesyouthemostabouttheperformanceyou’vejustseen?2.Besidesaddingfuntothecreationofjazz,improvisationisalsoanimportantskillinoureverydaylife.Whataresomedaily-lifescenarioswhichmayrequireimprovisation?Reading2Get

readytoread新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Sampleanswers:1.Obviouslythemusicianshipofeveryoneintheband,especiallytheyoungsaxophoneplayer,isquiteimpressive.ButwhatIfoundmostimpressiveabouttheperformanceishowseamlessthebandimprovisationis.Everythinghappenssoorganically.Itisasiftheysharedsomekindof“secretlanguage,”whichallowedthemtomakemusicinsuchaspontaneousandreal-timeway.Itislikeaconversationwhereeveryoneknowsexactlywhentospeak,whentolisten,andwhattosay.Reading2Get

readytoread新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit32.Sincelifedoesnothappenaccordingtoascript,thereareplentyofscenariosinwhichwewillneedtoimprovise.Forexample,ifafriendofminearrivesunannouncedandithappenstobearoundthelunchhour,IprobablywillhavetocreatealunchonthespotfromwhateverIcanfindinthecupboard.Inthatcase,Iwillbeimprovisingameal.IfIamcaughtintherainunexpectedly,Imightimprovisebycoveringmyheadwithaplasticbag.Asstudents,wesometimesareaskedquestionsthatwedonotanticipate.Ouranswersaredrivenbythecontentwehavebeentalkingabout,andthenatureofthequestion,buttheyarealsoimprovisationalinnature.Thelistcangoonandon,whichreallyshowswhatavitalroleimprovisationplaysinourlives.Reading2目錄contents新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3ReadandthinkReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateTextexploration

GetreadytoreadReading2TextexplorationPre-readingquestionsStructure

VocabularyBackgroundinformationTextreadingReading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingVocabularyPre-readingquestionsStructureReading2TextexplorationNeuroscienceisthestudyofthenervoussystem,whichincludesthebrain,spinalcord,andnerves.Thebraincontrolseveryaspectofthebody,fromemotionandmemorytobasicbodilyactivitiessuchasmovement,breathing,andcontrollingtheheartbeat.Neuroscienceislargelyaboutthestudyofbehavior—whydowedowhatwedo,andhowdoesthebraincarryoutthesetasks?Itisalsoconcernedwiththecausesandtreatmentofnervoussystemdisorders.新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3BackgroundinformationReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3JohnColtrane(1926-1967)wasanAmericanjazzsaxophonist,bandleaderandcomposer.Heisamongthemostinfluentialandacclaimedfiguresinthehistoryofjazzand20th-centurymusic.Decadesafterhisdeath,Coltraneremainsinfluential,andhehasreceivednumerousposthumousawards.CulturenotesReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3MilesDavis(1926-1991)wasanAmericanjazzmusician,trumpeter,bandleader,andcomposer.Heisamongthemostinfluentialandacclaimedfiguresinthehistoryofjazzand20th-centurymusic.Davisadoptedavarietyofmusicaldirectionsinaroughlyfive-decadecareerthatkepthimattheforefrontofmanymajorstylisticdevelopmentsinjazz.CulturenotesTextexplorationTextreadingVocabularyBackgroundinformationStructurePre-readingquestions新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Reading2Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Pre-readingquestions1.Whatisitthatdistinguishesjazzfromothermusicgenres?2.Whyiscreativityimportant?Whatdoesitcontribute?Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Sampleanswers:1.Oneofthemoststrikingfeaturesofjazzthatsetitapartfromothergenresisitsimprovisationalnature.Unlikeothergenreswherecompositionsarestrictlyadheredto,jazzmusiciansrelyontheirinstinctsandcreativitytospontaneouslycreateandadapttheirperformancesinreal-time.Thisfreedomgivesjazzadynamicandever-evolvingcharacter,andmusiciansarealsoallowedtoexpressthemselveswithartisticfreedom.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit32.Intherapidlychangingworld,creativityhasemergedasakeyskillthatindividuals,communities,andnationsmustcultivate.Creativityfostersinnovation.Itencouragesindividualsandorganizationstothinkbeyondthebox,explorenewideas,andcreateproducts,services,andexperiencesthataredistinctiveandsuperior,whichdrivessocialdevelopment.Mostoftheremarkableachievementsinscience,art,andtechnologyresultfromcreativethinking.Creativityenrichescultureandsociety.Creativeexpressions,suchasart,music,literature,andfilm,reflectthevalues,beliefs,andaspirationsofasociety,offeranoutletforself-expressionandpersonalgrowthfwhilefosteringculturalexchangeandunderstanding.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Creativityisessentialforproblem-solving.Itenablesindividualstoidentifyalternativesolutions,thinkoutsidetheconventionalwisdom,andfindinnovativewaystoaddresschallenges.Thisiscrucialintoday'sworld,wherecomplexissuesdemandinnovativeresponses.Creativityisalsobeneficialforpersonaldevelopment.Itfostersself-expression,confidence,andcognitiveflexibility.Engagingincreativeactivitiescanimprovemood,reducestress,andenhanceoverallwell-being.Reading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingPre-readingquestionsStructureVocabularyReading2Structure新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textexploration1.Part1(Paras.1-2)2.Part2(Paras.3-4)3.Part3(Paras.5-7)4.Part4(Paras.8-12)5.Part5(Paras.13-15)Reading2新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3PartOne(Paras.1-2)Improvisationisimportanttojazzmusiciansandilluminatingtoneuroscientists.TextexplorationPartTwo(Paras.3-4)CharlesLimbbelievesstudyingthecreativeprocessinjazzimprovisationholdsthekeytounlockingthesecrettoanykindofcreation.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3PartThree(Paras.5-7)Limb’sstudyfoundthatwhenjazzmusiciansimprovised,theirbrainswereinaspecialfunctionalstate.TextexplorationPartFour(Paras.8-12)Adecade’sstudyinthefieldofimprovisationalneurosciencehasenrichedourunderstandingofimprovisationandcreativity.Reading2新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3PartFive(Paras.13-15)Improvisationalcreativityisnotexclusivetothearts,andwecanlookforwaystoimproviseinourdailylife.TextexplorationReading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsVocabulary

StructureTextreadingReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit31.Fingersgrazeakeyboard,poisedtoplay.Atrumpetrisestothelips.Drumsticksperchintheair.Whatcomesnext?Nooneknows.Thebeautyofjazzisthewayimprovisationisentwinedwithart,eachinstrumentcapableofhijackingthemelodyandreinventingitinwaysthemusicianisn’tevencognizantof.OrastrumpeterMilesDavisputit,“I’llplayitandtellyouwhatitislater.”2.CharlesLimbhasafarmorescientificdescription:“That’snotjustphenomenalmusic.That’sphenomenalneurobiology.”Thebeautyofjazzisthewayimprovisationisentwinedwithart,eachinstrumentcapableofhijackingthemelodyandreinventingitinwaysthemusicianisn’tevencognizantof.(Para.1)?Translation:爵士樂的美感就在于即興創(chuàng)作與藝術(shù)緊密聯(lián)系的方式，每件樂器都能控制旋律并以演奏者都不甚明了的方式對其進(jìn)行重新創(chuàng)作。Reading2TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3?Grammar:Thepartafterthecommaisanabsoluteconstruction,composedofasubject(i.e.,“eachinstrument”)andanadjectivephrase(i.e.,“capableof…”).Theabsoluteconstructionfunctionsasanadverbialmodifyingtherestofthesentence.Anabsoluteconstructioncanalsobemadeupofasubjectandapresentparticipleorapastparticiple.e.g.Timepermitting,weshallgothereonfoot.Everythingtakenintoconsideration,hisplanseemstobemoreworkable.Theirslenderbodiessleekandblackagainsttheorangesky,thestorkscircledhighaboveus.

Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit33.AneuroscientistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,andanaccomplishedjazzmusician,Limbhaslongbeenfascinatedbythegenesisofcreativity.Improvisationaljazz,hebelieves,isessentiallypurecreationinaction.It’swhatcanhappenwhenthebrainisfreedfromtheshacklesofcommonrulesandsimplyinvents.“Ihadalwaysintuitivelyunderstoodthatthecreativeprocessinjazzimprovisationisverydifferentfromtheprocessofmemorization,”heexplains.“Whenyouheargreatjazz,likeJohnColtraneorMilesDavis,ithasthisjawdroppingqualitytoit,andwhat’sbeendescribedas‘a(chǎn)soundofsurprise’takesplace.Andyouthinktoyourself,‘Wow.’”2.AneuroscientistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,andanaccomplishedjazzmusician,…(Para.3)accomplished:a.goodatdoingsomethingthatneedsalotofskill,forexampleinart,music,orsport熟練的，有才藝的（如在藝術(shù)、音樂或體育方面）?Translation:（利姆）是加利福尼亞大學(xué)舊金山分校的一名神經(jīng)科學(xué)家，同時也是一位技藝高超的爵士樂手，……Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-Keysentences3.“Whenyouheargreatjazz,likeJohnColtraneorMilesDavis,ithasthisjaw-droppingqualitytoit,…”(Para.3)jaw-dropping:a.causinggreatsurpriseorastonishment令人稱奇的，讓人吃驚的e.g.Thismountainousregionhasjaw-droppingscenery.quality:n.acharacteristicorfeatureofsomeoneorsomething品質(zhì)，特性e.g.Thischeesehasaratherrubberyqualitytoit.?Translation:當(dāng)你聽到偉大的爵士樂，比如約翰·克蘭特或者邁爾斯·戴維斯的音樂時，它有一種令人震驚的特質(zhì)，……Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-KeysentencesReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit34.So,Limblookedforawaytostudywhathappensinthebrainwhenitturnsinspirationintocreation.Findtherightkey,hebelieved,andsciencecouldonedayunlockthesecrettoanykindofcreation,whetherit’sartisticorsomethingmoreordinary,suchasabettersolutionfororganizingyourday.5.Toseewhetherhecouldquantifytheseeminglyineffablewaythebraincreates,Limbaskedjazzmusicianstoplayamemorizedsong,andtheirbrainswerescannedwithfunctionalMRI.Thenthemusicianswerescannedwhiletheywereriffingtocomparethedifferences.Theresults,publishedin2008,wereilluminating.4.Thenthemusicianswerescannedwhiletheywereriffingtocomparethedifferences.(Para.5)?Words:Whenjazzmusiciansare“riffing,”theyspontaneouslycreateandperformmelodicvariationsorshortmusicalphrases(樂句)onthespot.?Translation:之后，當(dāng)爵士樂手們演奏連復(fù)段時，他們的大腦又一次被掃描，以便比較差異。Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-KeysentencesReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit36.Whilethemusiciansimprovised,thepartofthebrainthatallowshumanstoexpressthemselves—themedialprefrontalcortex—becamemoreactive.Atthesametime,thepartofthebrainresponsibleforself-inhibitionandcontrol,thedorsolateralprefrontalcortex,becamedormant.7.Inotherwords,inordertoimprovisesuccessfully,themusiciansneededtodeactivatethepartoftheirbrainsresponsibleforself-monitoring,Limbsays.“Ifyou’retooself-conscious,it’sveryhardtobefreecreatively.”Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit38.Jazzmusiciansaren’ttheonlyfolkswhosebrainsshowuniquesignsofcreativityunleashed.

Inthepastdecade,thefieldofimprovisationalneurosciencehasexpandedtopeerinsidethebrainsofrappers,classicalmusicians,stand-upcomedians,caricatureartists,writers,andevenso-calleddivergentthinkers(peoplewhoareexcellentatthinkingontheirfeet).9.

Thesestudiesconsistentlyshowadifferencebetweenpeople’sbrainswhentheyareimprovisingandwhentheyarenot.“Sowe’requiteconvinced,”Limbnotes,“thatthestateofcreativityisadifferentfunctionalbrainstate,andit’smeasurable.”5.Jazzmusiciansaren’ttheonlyfolkswhosebrainsshowuniquesignsofcreativityunleashed.(Para.8)?Words:unleash:vt.suddenlyreleaseaviolentforcethatcannotbecontrolled

突然釋放，使爆發(fā)e.g.Rachel’sarrivalonthescenehadunleashedpassionsinhimthathecouldscarcelycontrol.?Translation:并非只有爵士樂手的大腦有創(chuàng)造力被釋放的獨特跡象。Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-Keysentences6.Inthepastdecade,thefieldofimprovisationalneurosciencehasexpandedtopeerinsidethebrainsofrappers,classicalmusicians,…(Para.8)?Words:peer:v.

tolookverycarefullyatsomething,especiallybecauseyouarehavingdifficultyseeingit（尤指因看起來費勁而）盯著看，凝視e.g.Philippapeeredintothedarkness.n.yourpeersarethepeoplewhoarethesameageasyou,orwhohavethesametypeofjob,socialclassetc同齡人；社會地位相同的人e.g.Staffmembersaretrainedbytheirpeers.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-Keysentences?Practice:美國兒童的數(shù)學(xué)成績不如日本的同齡兒童。他正費力地透過淋濕的風(fēng)擋盯視著前方的汽車。

Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3AmericanchildrendidlesswellinmaththantheirpeersinJapan.Hewaspeeringthroughthewetwindscreenatthecarsahead.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit310.Oneofthemythsresearchershavedisprovedwasthattheso-called“right-brained”peoplearemorecreative,whilethe“l(fā)eft-brained”peoplearemoreanalytical.Infact,ananalysisofthebrainactivityofmorethan1,000peoplerevealedthatnoonehasadominantsideofthebrain;everyoneusesthenetworksinboththeleftandtherightsides,andbothsidesofthebrainareintimatelyinvolvedincreativityandchange.7.Oneofthemythsresearchershavedisprovedwasthatso-called“right-brained”peoplearemorecreative,while“l(fā)eft-brained”peoplearemoreanalytical.(Para.10)?Words:disprove:vt.provesomethingisnottrue證明…是虛假的；駁倒e.g.Thereisanoverwhelmingabundanceofpracticalvidencedisprovingthistheory.?Translation:已被研究者證偽的一個錯誤觀點是所謂的“右腦型”的人更有創(chuàng)作力，而“左腦型”的人則更長于分析。Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-KeysentencesReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit311.Anotherdisprovedmythisthattheabilitytocreateontheflyisatalentonlycertainpeoplehave,andtheyhaveitfrombirth.Rather,researchfindsthatthebestimprovisersarethosewhohavehonedtheirskilloverhundredsofhoursofpractice.RexJung,aprofessorofneurosurgeryatTheUniversityofNewMexicowhostudiesaptitude,intelligence,andcreativity,explains,“Themoretimeyoudevotetodevelopingaskillset,themorerawmaterialyouhavetodrawonandtheeasieritistoimprovise.”Themorepaintingsyouhavedone,thefasteryoucanidentifywhichcolorswillmixwell.Themorejokesyouhavetold,theeasieritistoknowwhichpunchlineswilldrawthemostlaughs.8.Rather,researchfindsthatthebestimprovisersarethosewhohavehonedtheirskilloverhundredsofhoursofpractice..(Para.11)?Notes:Theword“rather”inthiscontextisusedtoprecedeanideathatisdifferentoroppositetoapreviousstatement.e.g.Thereisnoshortageofbasicskillsintheworkplace.Rather,theproblemispoormanagement.?Translation:確切地說，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)那些最好的即興創(chuàng)作者通過數(shù)百小時的練習(xí)來磨練他們的技術(shù)。Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-KeysentencesReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit312.Moreover,althoughitseemsalittlecounterintuitive,improvisationitselfisaskillthatyoucanimprovewithpractice.Ina2018studyatColumbiaUniversity,researchersshowedthatmusicianswhoregularlypracticedimprovisationwerebetteratitthanmusicianswhowereaccustomedtojustfollowingwhatwaswritten.9.Moreover,althoughitseemsalittlecounterintuitive,improvisationitselfisaskillthatyoucanimprovewithpractice.(Para.12)?Words:counterintuitive:a.contrarytowhatonewouldintuitivelyexpect反直覺的，與預(yù)期相反的e.g.Steeringayachtiscounter-intuitive—youpushthetillertheoppositewaytothewayyouwanttogo.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-Keysentences?Grammar:Theprefix“counter-”asin“counterintuitive”means“theoppositeofsomething”(e.g.,“counterproductive,”whichmeans“producingresultsoppositetowhatyouwanted.”)Itcanalsomean“doneorgivenasareactiontosomething,especiallytoopposeit”(e.g.,“counter-argument,”“counter-attack,”etc.)Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-KeysentencesReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit313.Sciencehasalsodemonstratedthatimprovisationalcreativityisnotexclusivetothearts.Limbsaysthatthe“ideaofrespondingtosomethingthatwedidn’tanticipatehappeningisafundamentalattributeofwhatitmeanstobehuman.Humansarehard-wiredtocreate.”ThecreativebrainstatethatLimbhasdocumentedinmusicians,comedians,andartistsissimilartothatofathletes“inthezone”whoturnofftheself-monitoringpartoftheirbrainsandusetheirinstinctsinanuninhibitedwaytodecidewhichshotstotake.Thismindsetisalsowhatweemployindailylifetodealwiththeunexpected.Facedwithadelayedsubwaytrain,forinstance,wemightdecidetowalkortakethebus.Or,realizingthatwe’reoutoflemonswhilecooking,wemightsubstitutealime—orsomethingelse.10.ThecreativebrainstatethatLimbhasdocumentedinmusicians,comedians,andartistsissimilartothatofathletes“inthezone”...(Para.13)?Words:document:

v.

1)towriteaboutsomething,filmit,ortakephotographsofit,inordertorecordinformationaboutit（通過文字、電影或照片來）記錄，記載e.g.Hisresearchdocumentshowthecrisisoccurred.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Textreading-Keysentences2)tosupportanopinion,argumentetcwithrecordedfacts用文獻(xiàn)支持（證明）e.g.Itiswelldocumentedthatmendieyoungerthanwomen.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3?Translation:利姆所記錄的樂手、喜劇演員和藝術(shù)家的創(chuàng)造性大腦狀態(tài)與“處于良好狀態(tài)”的遠(yuǎn)動員的大腦狀態(tài)不無相似之處。?Practice:這種疾病的起因已有完備的記載。Causesofthediseasehavebeenwelldocumented.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit314.“Everyoneiscreative;it’sjustamatterofdegree,”saysJung.“Wehavethisprototypicalideaofartisticcreativity,butwearecreativeinourrelationships,ourwork,ourcooking,orevenarrangingourhomesinadifferentway.”15.Totrainyourbraintothinkcreatively,then,lookforwaystoimproviseinyourdailylife.ImprovcomedianAnthonyVenezialepracticesthiswithhisdaughterbygivinghera“yes”day.Foroneday,aslongasshedoesn’thurtanyone,theywilldoanythingshewants:Haveicecreamforbreakfast,buildasandcastleinwinter,orgobug-huntinginalocalpark.Thissortofexerciseisjustasimportanttoyourhealthasthephysicalkind.Limbnotesthat“thecreativebrainisagenerallymoreactivatedbrainthananoncreativeone”—andanactivatedbrainisgenerallybetterabletowardoffforgetfulness,absent-mindedness,andevendementia.Reading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsVocabulary

StructureTextreadingReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit31.entwine

v.

Vocabulary1)(be~d[withsth.])becloselyconnectedwithsth.inacomplicatedway（與某事物）緊密聯(lián)系在一起e.g.Talesofdaringadventuresandgreatdeedsareentwinedwithideasofheroism.2)twisttwothingstogetherorwindonething

aroundanother（使）交錯；（使）纏繞e.g.Thepicturecapturesdancersinatender,entwined

embrace,embodyingstrengthandelegance.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3?Practice:①他們挽著胳膊一起走。Theywalkedtogetherwiththeirarmsentwined.②幾世紀(jì)來，竹笛已與他們生活緊密聯(lián)系在一起。Overthecenturies,thebambooflutebecamedeeplyentwinedintheirlife.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit32.cognizant

adj.(notbeforenoun)(fml.)ifsb.iscognizantofsth.,theyknowaboutitandunderstandit知道的，認(rèn)識到的，了解的e.g.Weshouldbecognizantofthefactthateachcomplaintoffersusanopportunitytoimproveourservices.?Practice:他認(rèn)識到了此案的種種怪異之處。Hewascognizantofthepeculiaritiesofthecase.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit33.shackle

n.(~s)[pl.]?Practice:他們終于擺脫了壞習(xí)慣的枷鎖。Theyfinallymanagedtothrowofftheshacklesofbadhabits.1)sth.thatpreventsyoufromdoingwhatyouwant

todo枷鎖；桎梏e.g.Theseprogramsweredesignedtoremovetheshacklessothateverychildcouldreachthestartinglineonanequalfooting.2)apairofmetalringsconnectedbyachainandfastenedtoaperson’swristsorthebottomoftheirlegstopreventthemfromescaping鐐銬e.g.HereleasedtheheavymetalshacklesthatboundBilly’shands,settinghimfree.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit34.memorize

vt.learnwords,music,etc.sothatyouknowthemperfectly記?。皇煊沞.g.Glanceatthesentences,memorizethenextfewphrases,andlookattheaudiencewhileyouarespeaking.memorization

n.theactorprocessoflearningsth.sothatyouwillrememberitexactly記住e.g.RepetitionandmemorizationarenotthemosteffectivelearningstrategiesReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3?Practice:Useproperderivativesofmemorytofillintheblanks.Thehospitalwasbuiltasa__________tothelateking.Hestudiedhismap,tryingto______________thewaytoRose'sstreet.Shesetupacharitablefundinherfather’s______________.Hepointsoutthatreportingisaboutinvestigationratherthanthe______________ofminutedetails.memorialmemorizememorymemorizationReading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit35.improvisev.1)inventmusic,thewordsinaplay,astatement,etc.whileyouareplayingorspeaking,insteadofplanningitinadvance即興創(chuàng)作（音樂、臺詞、演講詞等）e.g.Duringcertainscenesoftheplaythereisn’tanyscriptandtheactorsjustimprovise.2)makeordosth.usingwhateverisavailable,usu.becauseyoudonothavewhatyoureallyneed臨時拼湊；臨時做e.g.Aswe’venotgotthepropermaterials,we’lljusthavetoimprovise.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3①我認(rèn)為說書人的藝術(shù)在于拿到故事后進(jìn)行的即興創(chuàng)作。Ithinkthattheartofastorytelleristotakethestoryandimproviseonit.②我們用木板和磚頭臨時搭了些架子。Weimprovisedsomeshelvesoutofplanksofwoodandbricks.?Practice:Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit36.inhibitionn.1)[U]amentalprocessimposingrestraintuponbehaviororanothermentalprocess(asadesire)抑制；壓制e.g.Consciousinhibitionofdesiresisapervasivefeatureofeverydaylifeandmaybearequirementoflifeinacivilized,culturalsociety.2)[C,U]ashyornervousfeelingthatstopsyoufromexpressingyourrealthoughtsorfeelings

拘謹(jǐn)；拘束感e.g.Ithinkhemusthavebeenheldbackbyfearsandsomekindofinhibition.?Practice:她毫不顧忌地說出自己的感覺。Shehadnoinhibitionsaboutsayingwhatshefelt.Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit37.deactivatevt.

?Practice:你要輸入一個密碼來關(guān)閉警報。Youneedtotypeinacodenumbertodeactivatethealarm.e.g.Almostallpeopleareatgreaterriskiftheydeactivateanairbag.switchsth.off,esp.apieceofequipment,orstopit

frombeingusedanymore

關(guān)閉；使無效Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit3Thede-prefixisoneofthecommonlyusednegativeprefixesinEnglish.Itismostlyplacedbeforeaverboractionwordandsignifiesthemeaningof“down,”“off,”or“away.”?Practice:TranslatethefollowingwordsintoChinese.EnglishChineseEnglishChinesederaildevaluationdefamedeceleratedecolonizedecentralizedegradedethrone（使）脫軌，出軌誹謗，中傷使非殖民（地）化貶低；使惡化貶值減速（使）分散廢黜Reading2Textexploration新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）

綜合教程Unit38.honevt.

?Practice:龍頭公司會在磨礪高層管理人員的技能上付出時間和金錢。Leadingcompaniesspendtimeandmoneyonhoningtheskillsofseniormanagers.e.g.Thecourseisspecificallydesignedtohonestudents’skillstoaprofessionallevel.improveyourskillatdoingsth.,esp.wheny